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Article: The Effect of Anti-seizure Medications on the Propagation of Epileptic Activity: A Review.

Khateb, Mohamed / Bosak, Noam / Herskovitz, Moshe

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 674182

Abstract: The propagation of epileptiform events is a highly interesting phenomenon from the pathophysiological point of view, as it involves several mechanisms of recruitment of neural networks. ... ...

Abstract	The propagation of epileptiform events is a highly interesting phenomenon from the pathophysiological point of view, as it involves several mechanisms of recruitment of neural networks. Extensive
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2021.674182
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Article: State-Dependent Synchrony and Functional Connectivity in the Primary and Secondary Whisker Somatosensory Cortices.

Khateb, Mohamed / Schiller, Jackie / Schiller, Yitzhak

Frontiers in systems neuroscience

2021 Volume 15, Page(s) 713397

Abstract: Synchronized activity plays an important role in sensory coding and memory and is a hallmark of functional network connectivity. However, the effect of sensory activation on synchronization and cortical functional connectivity is largely unknown. In this ...

Abstract	Synchronized activity plays an important role in sensory coding and memory and is a hallmark of functional network connectivity. However, the effect of sensory activation on synchronization and cortical functional connectivity is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of whisker activation on synchronization and functional connectivity of the primary (wS1) and secondary (wS2) whisker somatosensory cortices at the single-cell level. The results showed that during the spontaneous pre-stimulus state, neurons tended to be functionally connected with nearby neurons which shared similar tuning characteristics. Whisker activation using either ramp-and-hold stimulation or artificial whisking against sandpaper has significantly reduced the average overall pairwise synchronization and functional connectivity within the wS1 barrel and wS2 cortices. Whisker stimulation disconnected approximately a third of neuronal pairs that were functionally connected during the unstimulated state. Nearby neurons with congruent tuning properties were more likely to remain functionally connected during whisker activation. The findings of this study indicated that cortical somatosensory networks are organized in non-random small world networks composed of neurons sharing relatively similar tuning properties. Sensory whisker activation intensifies these properties and further subdivides the cortical network into smaller more functionally uniform subnetworks, which possibly serve to increase the computational capacity of the network.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2453005-0
ISSN	1662-5137
ISSN	1662-5137
DOI	10.3389/fnsys.2021.713397
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Article: Coronaviruses and Central Nervous System Manifestations.

Khateb, Mohamed / Bosak, Noam / Muqary, Maryam

Frontiers in neurology

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 715

Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic coronavirus that has caused an ongoing worldwide pandemic. Emerging in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the virus has spread rapidly around the world. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, ... ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic coronavirus that has caused an ongoing worldwide pandemic. Emerging in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the virus has spread rapidly around the world. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. The most prominent symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are respiratory. However, accumulating evidence highlights involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). This includes headache, anosmia, meningoencephalitis, acute ischemic stroke, and several presumably post/para-infectious syndromes and altered mental status not explained by respiratory etiologies. Interestingly, previous studies in animal models emphasized the neurotropism of coronaviruses; thus, these CNS manifestations of COVID-19 are not surprising. This minireview scans the literature regarding the involvement of the CNS in coronavirus infections in general, and in regard to the recent SARS-CoV-2, specifically.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2020.00715
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Article ; Online: Coronaviruses and Central Nervous System Manifestations

Mohamed Khateb / Noam Bosak / Maryam Muqary

Frontiers in Neurology, Vol

2020 Volume 11

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic coronavirus that has caused an ongoing worldwide pandemic. Emerging in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the virus has spread rapidly around the world. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. The most prominent symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are respiratory. However, accumulating evidence highlights involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). This includes headache, anosmia, meningoencephalitis, acute ischemic stroke, and several presumably post/para-infectious syndromes and altered mental status not explained by respiratory etiologies. Interestingly, previous studies in animal models emphasized the neurotropism of coronaviruses; thus, these CNS manifestations of COVID-19 are not surprising. This minireview scans the literature regarding the involvement of the CNS in coronavirus infections in general, and in regard to the recent SARS-CoV-2, specifically.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; coronaviral infections ; COVID-19 ; neurological & psychiatric symptoms ; brain disorders ; neurological infection and inflammation ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Coronaviruses and Central Nervous System Manifestations

Khateb, Mohamed / Bosak, Noam / Muqary, Maryam

Front. Neurol.

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic coronavirus that has caused an ongoing worldwide pandemic. Emerging in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the virus has spread rapidly around the world. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. The most prominent symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection are respiratory. However, accumulating evidence highlights involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). This includes headache, anosmia, meningoencephalitis, acute ischemic stroke, and several presumably post/para-infectious syndromes and altered mental status not explained by respiratory etiologies. Interestingly, previous studies in animal models emphasized the neurotropism of coronaviruses; thus, these CNS manifestations of COVID-19 are not surprising. This minireview scans the literature regarding the involvement of the CNS in coronavirus infections in general, and in regard to the recent SARS-CoV-2, specifically.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #642061
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Feedforward motor information enhances somatosensory responses and sharpens angular tuning of rat S1 barrel cortex neurons.

Khateb, Mohamed / Schiller, Jackie / Schiller, Yitzhak

eLife

2017 Volume 6

Abstract: The primary vibrissae motor cortex (vM1) is responsible for generating whisking movements. In parallel, vM1 also sends information directly to the sensory barrel cortex (vS1). In this study, we investigated the effects of vM1 activation on processing of ... ...

Abstract	The primary vibrissae motor cortex (vM1) is responsible for generating whisking movements. In parallel, vM1 also sends information directly to the sensory barrel cortex (vS1). In this study, we investigated the effects of vM1 activation on processing of vibrissae sensory information in vS1 of the rat. To dissociate the vibrissae sensory-motor loop, we optogenetically activated vM1 and independently passively stimulated principal vibrissae. Optogenetic activation of vM1 supra-linearly amplified the response of vS1 neurons to passive vibrissa stimulation in all cortical layers measured. Maximal amplification occurred when onset of vM1 optogenetic activation preceded vibrissa stimulation by 20 ms. In addition to amplification, vM1 activation also sharpened angular tuning of vS1 neurons in all cortical layers measured. Our findings indicated that in addition to output motor signals, vM1 also sends preparatory signals to vS1 that serve to amplify and sharpen the response of neurons in the barrel cortex to incoming sensory input signals.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Movement ; Neurons/physiology ; Optogenetics ; Physical Stimulation ; Rats ; Somatosensory Cortex/physiology ; Vibrissae/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017--06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.21843
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Article ; Online: Feasibility Study of a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Unit Powered by Photovoltaic Panels for a Sustainable Water Supply in Algeria

Zahia Tigrine / Hanene Aburideh / Djamila Zioui / Sarra Hout / Naima Sahraoui / Yasmine Benchoubane / Amina Izem / Djilali Tassalit / Fatma Zohra Yahiaoui / Mohamed Khateb / Nadjib Drouiche / Seif El Islam Lebouachera

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 14189, p

2023 Volume 14189

Abstract: In recent years, reverse osmosis water desalination has developed rapidly and has become the most competitive and widely used technology in the world. The number of desalination plants is increasing rapidly as freshwater needs increase. Various membrane ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, reverse osmosis water desalination has developed rapidly and has become the most competitive and widely used technology in the world. The number of desalination plants is increasing rapidly as freshwater needs increase. Various membrane technologies have been developed and improved, including nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), whose desalination costs have been relatively reduced. Therefore, this work proposes an experimental study for a small desalination unit based on RO generated by renewable energy, which is mainly suitable for arid regions or desert areas that do not have electricity and water and can be applied for emergency treatment to meet strong freshwater resource needs. In this study, to meet the drinking water demand, a reverse osmosis desalination system is designed and evaluated in order to improve and optimize its operation. This system has a daily capacity of 2 m 3 . We used brackish groundwater, which has been characterized as reference water, to produce synthetic water for different salinities until seawater. The analysis is based on data obtained from experiments carried out in the standalone RO pilot designed for the production of fresh water. For this purpose, we conducted relevant experiments to examine the influence of applied pressure, salt concentration and temperature on the RO membrane performance. The effects of different factors that affect the energy consumption in the RO desalination process were analyzed, and those with significant influence were explored. The effectiveness of RO desalination coupled with a photovoltaic (PV) energy system is shown. We found the recovery rate for system operation to be 32%. An optimization study is presented for the operation of an autonomous RO desalination system powered by photovoltaic panels. The energy produced by the PV system was used to feed two pumps forthe production of drinking waterwithanRO membrane, under the conditions of the town of Bou-Ismail. As results, a 3 kWp PV system was installed based on the ...
Keywords	reverse osmosis ; desalination ; membrane ; temperature ; seawater ; renewable energy ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Feedforward motor information enhances somatosensory responses and sharpens angular tuning of rat S1 barrel cortex neurons

Mohamed Khateb / Jackie Schiller / Yitzhak Schiller

eLife, Vol

2017 Volume 6

Abstract	The primary vibrissae motor cortex (vM1) is responsible for generating whisking movements. In parallel, vM1 also sends information directly to the sensory barrel cortex (vS1). In this study, we investigated the effects of vM1 activation on processing of vibrissae sensory information in vS1 of the rat. To dissociate the vibrissae sensory-motor loop, we optogenetically activated vM1 and independently passively stimulated principal vibrissae. Optogenetic activation of vM1 supra-linearly amplified the response of vS1 neurons to passive vibrissa stimulation in all cortical layers measured. Maximal amplification occurred when onset of vM1 optogenetic activation preceded vibrissa stimulation by 20 ms. In addition to amplification, vM1 activation also sharpened angular tuning of vS1 neurons in all cortical layers measured. Our findings indicated that in addition to output motor signals, vM1 also sends preparatory signals to vS1 that serve to amplify and sharpen the response of neurons in the barrel cortex to incoming sensory input signals.
Keywords	Barrel cortex ; primary motor cortex ; sensory-motor loop ; Whiskers ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Texture coarseness responsive neurons and their mapping in layer 2-3 of the rat barrel cortex in vivo.

Garion, Liora / Dubin, Uri / Rubin, Yoav / Khateb, Mohamed / Schiller, Yitzhak / Azouz, Rony / Schiller, Jackie

eLife

2014 Volume 3, Page(s) e03405

Abstract: Texture discrimination is a fundamental function of somatosensory systems, yet the manner by which texture is coded and spatially represented in the barrel cortex are largely unknown. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in the rat barrel cortex ... ...

Abstract	Texture discrimination is a fundamental function of somatosensory systems, yet the manner by which texture is coded and spatially represented in the barrel cortex are largely unknown. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in the rat barrel cortex during artificial whisking against different surface coarseness or controlled passive whisker vibrations simulating different coarseness, we show that layer 2-3 neurons within barrel boundaries differentially respond to specific texture coarsenesses, while only a minority of neurons responded monotonically with increased or decreased surface coarseness. Neurons with similar preferred texture coarseness were spatially clustered. Multi-contact single unit recordings showed a vertical columnar organization of texture coarseness preference in layer 2-3. These findings indicate that layer 2-3 neurons perform high hierarchical processing of tactile information, with surface coarseness embodied by distinct neuronal subpopulations that are spatially mapped onto the barrel cortex.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Aniline Compounds/chemistry ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Electric Stimulation ; Facial Nerve/physiology ; Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Movement/physiology ; Neurons/chemistry ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats, Wistar ; Somatosensory Cortex/cytology ; Somatosensory Cortex/physiology ; Surface Properties ; Vibrissae/physiology ; Xanthenes/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Aniline Compounds ; Fluo 4 ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Xanthenes
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-09-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.03405
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Article ; Online: Texture coarseness responsive neurons and their mapping in layer 2–3 of the rat barrel cortex in vivo

Liora Garion / Uri Dubin / Yoav Rubin / Mohamed Khateb / Yitzhak Schiller / Rony Azouz / Jackie Schiller

eLife, Vol

2014 Volume 3

Abstract	Texture discrimination is a fundamental function of somatosensory systems, yet the manner by which texture is coded and spatially represented in the barrel cortex are largely unknown. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in the rat barrel cortex during artificial whisking against different surface coarseness or controlled passive whisker vibrations simulating different coarseness, we show that layer 2–3 neurons within barrel boundaries differentially respond to specific texture coarsenesses, while only a minority of neurons responded monotonically with increased or decreased surface coarseness. Neurons with similar preferred texture coarseness were spatially clustered. Multi-contact single unit recordings showed a vertical columnar organization of texture coarseness preference in layer 2–3. These findings indicate that layer 2–3 neurons perform high hierarchical processing of tactile information, with surface coarseness embodied by distinct neuronal subpopulations that are spatially mapped onto the barrel cortex.
Keywords	barrel cortex ; texture representation ; layer 2–3 ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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