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Article ; Online: A Review on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Infections in Tunisia.

Rekik, Syrine / Hammami, Ines / Timoumi, Oumayma / Maghzaoua, Dhekra / Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Schulz, Ansgar / Groschup, Martin H / Gharbi, Mohamed

Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)

2024

Abstract: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic tick-borne disease, caused by an arbovirus of the genus Orthonairovirus and the family Nairoviridae. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is widespread in several regions of the world. While ... ...

Abstract	Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic tick-borne disease, caused by an arbovirus of the genus Orthonairovirus and the family Nairoviridae. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is widespread in several regions of the world. While the virus is not pathogenic to all susceptible livestock and wild mammals, it can lead to severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. In this review, we compiled published data on CCHFV infections in humans, animals, and ticks in Tunisia. Based on that, we discussed the epidemiology and the distribution patterns of CCHFV infections highlighting the risk factors for this virus in the country. CCHF infection prevalence in humans was estimated to 2.76% (5/181) and 5% (2/38) in Tunisian febrile patients and Tunisian slaughterhouse workers, respectively. Concurrently, seroprevalence in domestic ungulates (sheep, goats, cattle, and dromedaries) ranged from zero to 89.7%, and only one
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2047199-3
ISSN	1557-7759 ; 1530-3667
ISSN (online)	1557-7759
ISSN	1530-3667
DOI	10.1089/vbz.2023.0079
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Article ; Online: Genome variation in tick infestation and cryptic divergence in Tunisian indigenous sheep.

Ahbara, Abulgasim M / Khbou, Médiha Khamassi / Rhomdhane, Rihab / Sassi, Limam / Gharbi, Mohamed / Haile, Aynalem / Rekik, Mourad / Rischkowsky, Barbara / Mwacharo, Joram M

BMC genomics

2022 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 167

Abstract: Background: Ticks are obligate haematophagous ectoparasites considered second to mosquitos as vectors and reservoirs of multiple pathogens of global concern. Individual variation in tick infestation has been reported in indigenous sheep, but its genetic ...

Abstract	Background: Ticks are obligate haematophagous ectoparasites considered second to mosquitos as vectors and reservoirs of multiple pathogens of global concern. Individual variation in tick infestation has been reported in indigenous sheep, but its genetic control remains unknown. Results: Here, we report 397 genome-wide signatures of selection overlapping 991 genes from the analysis, using ROH, LR-GWAS, XP-EHH, and F Conclusions: Our findings provide a genomic reference that can enhance the understanding of the genetic architecture of tick resistance and cryptic divergence in indigenous African sheep.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Genome ; Genotype ; Mosquito Vectors ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sheep/genetics ; Tick Infestations/genetics ; Tick Infestations/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041499-7
ISSN	1471-2164 ; 1471-2164
ISSN (online)	1471-2164
ISSN	1471-2164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-022-08321-1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: High frequency of seropositivity of

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Haouala, Kamel / Benzarti, M'hammed

Veterinary medicine and science

2017 Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) 13–21

Abstract: The authors report a survey carried out in a cattle farm between January and April 2009 in Mateur region (Northern Tunisia). Seroprevalence by Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was estimated to 81.4 ± 6% and 35 ± 2% in cows and calves, respectively. ... ...

Abstract	The authors report a survey carried out in a cattle farm between January and April 2009 in Mateur region (Northern Tunisia). Seroprevalence by Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was estimated to 81.4 ± 6% and 35 ± 2% in cows and calves, respectively. Seropositivity to more than one serovar was noticed in 91% (81/89) of infected animals. The examination of the distribution pattern of
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2819409-3
ISSN	2053-1095
ISSN	2053-1095
DOI	10.1002/vms3.52
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Article ; Online: Preliminary study on the seasonal questing of Ixodes ricinus group ticks in Ain Draham forest (north-western Tunisia) with analyses of their phylogenetic diversity.

Elati, Khawla / Khbou, Médiha Khamassi / Kahl, Olaf / Mwacharo, Joram M / El Shamaa, Khaled / Rekik, Mourad / Darghouth, Mohamed Aziz / Gharbi, Mohamed

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports

2022 Volume 36, Page(s) 100786

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the activity dynamics of Ixodes ricinus group ticks in a forest located in north-western Tunisia (Aïn Draham, Jendouba District) and assess the variation of abiotic factors (temperature, Normalized Difference ... ...

Abstract	The present study aimed to investigate the activity dynamics of Ixodes ricinus group ticks in a forest located in north-western Tunisia (Aïn Draham, Jendouba District) and assess the variation of abiotic factors (temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and relative humidity) during one year survey from September 2016 to August 2017 using the dragging sampling method. A total of 116 questing ticks was collected from the vegetation consisting of 47 adults (19 females and 28 males, sex ratio M:F = 1.47), 45 nymphs and 24 larvae representing 40.5, 38.8 and 20.7% of the total collected specimens, respectively. Adult I. ricinus were collected during October-May, nymphs during May-August and larvae during July-September. There were statistically significant correlations between adult tick numbers and mean daily relative humidity (Pearson r = 0.77; p = 0.003) and mean daily temperature (r = -0.74; p = 0.006). The comparison of 16S rDNA sequences from 20 adult ticks of approximately 444 bp length showed variability among 11 sequences. There was a low genetic variability (<1%) among the I. ricinus isolates collected from the forest. The amplicons showed >99% identity with I. ricinus and Ixodes inopinatus sequences from different countries and published in GenBank. These results should be complemented by further surveys in other Tunisian regions to better understand the influence of environmental factors on the biology of I. ricinus and the occurrence of sympatric I. inopinatus ticks. Different molecular markers should be used for better understanding of their taxonomic status.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Female ; Animals ; Ixodes ; Seasons ; Phylogeny ; Tunisia ; Forests ; Nymph
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2405-9390
ISSN (online)	2405-9390
DOI	10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100786
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Tick Infestation and Piroplasm Infection in Barbarine and Queue Fine de l’Ouest Autochthonous Sheep Breeds in Tunisia, North Africa

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Rouatbi, Mariem / Romdhane, Rihab / Sassi, Limam / Jdidi, Mohamed / Haile, Aynalem / Rekik, Mourad / Gharbi, Mohamed

Animals. 2021 Mar. 16, v. 11, no. 3

2021

Abstract: As ticks and tick-borne pathogens affect the productivity of livestock, searching for genetically resistant breeds to infestation by ticks may represent an alternative to the overuse of chemical drugs. The aim of this study was to assess if there is a ... ...

Abstract	As ticks and tick-borne pathogens affect the productivity of livestock, searching for genetically resistant breeds to infestation by ticks may represent an alternative to the overuse of chemical drugs. The aim of this study was to assess if there is a difference in tick infestation among the main sheep breeds in Tunisia. The study was carried out between April 2018 and January 2020 in 17 small to middle-sized sheep flocks from 3 regions across Tunisia. Four hundred and thirty-nine ear-tagged ewes from Barbarine (n = 288, 65.6%) and Queue Fine de l’Ouest (QFO) (n = 151, 34.4%) breeds were examined and sampled each trimester. Ticks were identified to the species level, and piroplasms were detected using PCR that targets a common sequence ARNr18S to both Babesia and Theileria genera using catch-all primers. Totally, 707 adult ticks were collected from animals; 91.4% (646/707) of them were Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. Queue Fine de l’Ouest animals were markedly less infested by ticks, and no one of them was infected by piroplasms compared to the Barbarine breed. Indeed, during the first four seasons, 21 animals, all from the Barbarine breed, were detected positive for piroplasms. This is the first study in Tunisia about the low susceptibility of QFO ewes to infestation by ticks and to infection by piroplasms. The QFO sheep breed could be raised preferably at high-risk areas of tick occurrence and could be considered in concrete control strategies, including a breeding program.
Keywords	Babesia ; Barbarine ; Rhipicephalus sanguineus ; Theileria ; adults ; tick infestations ; ticks ; Tunisia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0316
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11030839
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Knowledge and perception on ticks and tick-borne diseases among veterinary medicine students from the North African countries of Algeria, Egypt, and Tunisia.

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Ayadi, Ouarda / Al-Hosary, Amira Adel / Darghouth, Mohamed Aziz / Gharbi, Mohamed

Parasite epidemiology and control

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) e00169

Abstract: Ticks are important vectors of both animal and human pathogens. The epidemiology of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) has dramatically changed in several regions in the world. As parasitology is a continuously growing field, assessing the knowledge of ... ...

Abstract	Ticks are important vectors of both animal and human pathogens. The epidemiology of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) has dramatically changed in several regions in the world. As parasitology is a continuously growing field, assessing the knowledge of veterinary medicine students provides useful indicators and information on the level of intervention required to adapt parasitological courses to meet the demands in a changing world. This study aimed to assess, in three North African veterinary education establishments, the basic parasitology knowledge of veterinary medicine students. Such a study is essential to build up core competencies regarding ticks and TBDs, and to suggest suitable adjustment measures to parasitology courses. The present study was based on a self-administered and anonymous questionnaire on ticks and TBDs basic knowledge and perception. The survey was completed by 558 veterinary medicine students in Algeria, Egypt, and Tunisia in 2018. The students were divided into two groups: the "before" group - students who had not yet completed the parasitology course, and the "after" group - students who had already completed it. In all studied countries, the "after" students' group gave significantly more correct answers (83.16%) than the "before" students' group (16.84%) (
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2405-6731
ISSN (online)	2405-6731
DOI	10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00169
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Coronaviruses in farm animals: Epidemiology and public health implications.

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Daaloul Jedidi, Monia / Bouaicha Zaafouri, Faten / Benzarti, M'hammed

Veterinary medicine and science

2020 Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) 322–347

Abstract: Coronaviruses (CoVs) are documented in a wide range of animal species, including terrestrial and aquatic, domestic and wild. The geographic distribution of animal CoVs is worldwide and prevalences were reported in several countries across the five ... ...

Abstract	Coronaviruses (CoVs) are documented in a wide range of animal species, including terrestrial and aquatic, domestic and wild. The geographic distribution of animal CoVs is worldwide and prevalences were reported in several countries across the five continents. The viruses are known to cause mainly gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases with different severity levels. In certain cases, CoV infections are responsible of huge economic losses associated or not to highly public health impact. Despite being enveloped, CoVs are relatively resistant pathogens in the environment. Coronaviruses are characterized by a high mutation and recombination rate, which makes host jumping and cross-species transmission easy. In fact, increasing contact between different animal species fosters cross-species transmission, while agriculture intensification, animal trade and herd management are key drivers at the human-animal interface. If contacts with wild animals are still limited, humans have much more contact with farm animals, during breeding, transport, slaughter and food process, making CoVs a persistent threat to both humans and animals. A global network should be established for the surveillance and monitoring of animal CoVs.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Domestic/virology ; COVID-19/economics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Coronavirus/classification ; Coronavirus/pathogenicity ; Coronavirus/physiology ; Coronavirus Infections/economics ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/veterinary ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Humans ; Public Health/economics ; Public Health/statistics & numerical data ; Public Health/trends
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2819409-3
ISSN	2053-1095 ; 2053-1095
ISSN (online)	2053-1095
ISSN	2053-1095
DOI	10.1002/vms3.359
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of anti-Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis antibodies in female sheep in Tunisia.

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Romdhane, Rihab / Sassi, Limam / Amami, Amira / Rekik, Mourad / Benzarti, M'hammed

Veterinary medicine and science

2020 Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) 393–398

Abstract: Paratuberculosis (Ptb) is a widespread chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. Most of the studies focused on cattle while, the prevalence of Ptb in sheep in different ... ...

Abstract	Paratuberculosis (Ptb) is a widespread chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) that affects both domestic and wild ruminants. Most of the studies focused on cattle while, the prevalence of Ptb in sheep in different regions of the world is not well investigated. This study aimed to address this gap of knowledge by screening adult female sheep for paratuberculosis antibodies in different geographical regions of Tunisia. A total number of 338 female sheep from 15 small to middle-sized, extensively managed sheep farms in six regions across Tunisia were sampled. Animals were clinically examined before blood sampling. Sera were tested for the presence of anti-Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit. Six farms out of 15 comprised at least one seropositive animal and 11 female sheep out of 338 tested animals (3.25%; 95% CI = [1.83-5.73]) were seropositive to M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The seroprevalence was significantly lower in 5-year-old females (p = .04) and animals that do not graze (p = .02). Due to its huge economic and social impacts, paratuberculosis represents a health problem in Tunisia and several other countries Further investigations are needed to rank sheep Ptb in Tunisia among other diseases and to assess the main risk factors using a larger nation-wide survey.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Female ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis/physiology ; Paratuberculosis/epidemiology ; Paratuberculosis/microbiology ; Prevalence ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/epidemiology ; Sheep Diseases/microbiology ; Sheep, Domestic ; Tunisia/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2819409-3
ISSN	2053-1095 ; 2053-1095
ISSN (online)	2053-1095
ISSN	2053-1095
DOI	10.1002/vms3.243
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Article ; Online: Coronaviruses in farm animals

Médiha Khamassi Khbou / Monia Daaloul Jedidi / Faten Bouaicha Zaafouri / M’hammed Benzarti

Veterinary Medicine and Science, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 322-

Epidemiology and public health implications

2021 Volume 347

Abstract: Abstract Coronaviruses (CoVs) are documented in a wide range of animal species, including terrestrial and aquatic, domestic and wild. The geographic distribution of animal CoVs is worldwide and prevalences were reported in several countries across the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Coronaviruses (CoVs) are documented in a wide range of animal species, including terrestrial and aquatic, domestic and wild. The geographic distribution of animal CoVs is worldwide and prevalences were reported in several countries across the five continents. The viruses are known to cause mainly gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases with different severity levels. In certain cases, CoV infections are responsible of huge economic losses associated or not to highly public health impact. Despite being enveloped, CoVs are relatively resistant pathogens in the environment. Coronaviruses are characterized by a high mutation and recombination rate, which makes host jumping and cross‐species transmission easy. In fact, increasing contact between different animal species fosters cross‐species transmission, while agriculture intensification, animal trade and herd management are key drivers at the human‐animal interface. If contacts with wild animals are still limited, humans have much more contact with farm animals, during breeding, transport, slaughter and food process, making CoVs a persistent threat to both humans and animals. A global network should be established for the surveillance and monitoring of animal CoVs.
Keywords	Coronaviruses ; domestic animals ; host jump ; public health ; widespread ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	590 ; 630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Tick Infestation and Piroplasm Infection in Barbarine and Queue Fine de l'Ouest Autochthonous Sheep Breeds in Tunisia, North Africa.

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha / Rouatbi, Mariem / Romdhane, Rihab / Sassi, Limam / Jdidi, Mohamed / Haile, Aynalem / Rekik, Mourad / Gharbi, Mohamed

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2021 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract	As ticks and tick-borne pathogens affect the productivity of livestock, searching for genetically resistant breeds to infestation by ticks may represent an alternative to the overuse of chemical drugs. The aim of this study was to assess if there is a difference in tick infestation among the main sheep breeds in Tunisia. The study was carried out between April 2018 and January 2020 in 17 small to middle-sized sheep flocks from 3 regions across Tunisia. Four hundred and thirty-nine ear-tagged ewes from Barbarine (n = 288, 65.6%) and Queue Fine de l'Ouest (QFO) (n = 151, 34.4%) breeds were examined and sampled each trimester. Ticks were identified to the species level, and piroplasms were detected using PCR that targets a common sequence ARNr18S to both
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11030839
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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