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Article ; Online: Progressive supranuclear palsy phenotype as an atypical clinical presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A case report and review of the literature.

Costanzo, Matteo / Aiello, Flavia / Poleggi, Anna / Li Voti, Pietro / Fabbrini, Giovanni / Belvisi, Daniele

Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders

2024 Volume 10, Page(s) 100247

Abstract: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the accumulation of abnormal prion proteins in the brain. While CJD has some typical clinical features, its presentation can be quite ... ...

Abstract	Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the accumulation of abnormal prion proteins in the brain. While CJD has some typical clinical features, its presentation can be quite heterogeneous, particularly in the early stages of the disease, posing challenges in diagnosis. Atypical manifestations of CJD can mimic various neurodegenerative disorders, including atypical parkinsonisms. In this case report, we present an 81-year-old man who exhibited an atypical clinical presentation of sporadic CJD, initially resembling progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The patient presented with symmetric parkinsonism, postural instability, and ocular motor dysfunction, accompanied by rapid clinical deterioration. Alongside the case report, we also provide a review of the literature on atypical presentations of CJD as PSP, highlighting the importance of recognizing these manifestations in clinical practice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2590-1125
ISSN (online)	2590-1125
DOI	10.1016/j.prdoa.2024.100247
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Article ; Online: How does botulinum toxin really work?

Belvisi, Daniele / Leodori, Giorgio / Costanzo, Matteo / Conte, Antonella / Berardelli, Alfredo

International review of neurobiology

2023 Volume 169, Page(s) 441–479

Abstract: Over the past 30 years, Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has emerged as an effective and safe therapeutic tool for a number of neurological conditions, including dystonia. To date, the exact mechanism of action of BoNT in dystonia is not fully understood. Although ...

Abstract	Over the past 30 years, Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has emerged as an effective and safe therapeutic tool for a number of neurological conditions, including dystonia. To date, the exact mechanism of action of BoNT in dystonia is not fully understood. Although it is well known that BoNT mainly acts on the neuromuscular junction, a growing body of evidence suggests that the therapeutic effect of BoNT in dystonia may also depend on its ability to modulate peripheral sensory feedback from muscle spindles. Animal models also suggest a retrograde and anterograde BoNT transportation from the site of injection to central nervous system structures. In humans, however, BoNT central effects seem to depend on the modulation of afferent input rather than on BoNT transportation. In this chapter, we aimed to report and discuss research evidence providing information on the possible mechanisms of action of BoNT in relation to treatment of dystonia.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Botulinum Toxins/therapeutic use ; Dystonia ; Dystonic Disorders ; Models, Animal ; Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Botulinum Toxins (EC 3.4.24.69) ; Neuromuscular Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209876-3
ISSN	2162-5514 ; 0074-7742
ISSN (online)	2162-5514
ISSN	0074-7742
DOI	10.1016/bs.irn.2023.05.003
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Article: A systematic review of salivary biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.

De Bartolo, Maria Ilenia / Belvisi, Daniele / Mancinelli, Romina / Costanzo, Matteo / Caturano, Claudia / Leodori, Giorgio / Berardelli, Alfredo / Fabbrini, Giovanni / Vivacqua, Giorgio

Neural regeneration research

2024 Volume 19, Issue 12, Page(s) 2613–2625

Abstract: The search for reliable and easily accessible biomarkers in Parkinson's disease is receiving a growing emphasis, to detect neurodegeneration from the prodromal phase and to enforce disease-modifying therapies. Despite the need for non-invasively ... ...

Abstract	The search for reliable and easily accessible biomarkers in Parkinson's disease is receiving a growing emphasis, to detect neurodegeneration from the prodromal phase and to enforce disease-modifying therapies. Despite the need for non-invasively accessible biomarkers, the majority of the studies have pointed to cerebrospinal fluid or peripheral biopsies biomarkers, which require invasive collection procedures. Saliva represents an easily accessible biofluid and an incredibly wide source of molecular biomarkers. In the present study, after presenting the morphological and biological bases for looking at saliva in the search of biomarkers for Parkinson's disease, we systematically reviewed the results achieved so far in the saliva of different cohorts of Parkinson's disease patients. A comprehensive literature search on PubMed and SCOPUS led to the discovery of 289 articles. After screening and exclusion, 34 relevant articles were derived for systematic review. Alpha-synuclein, the histopathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease, has been the most investigated Parkinson's disease biomarker in saliva, with oligomeric alpha-synuclein consistently found increased in Parkinson's disease patients in comparison to healthy controls, while conflicting results have been reported regarding the levels of total alpha-synuclein and phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, and few studies described an increased oligomeric alpha-synuclein/total alpha-synuclein ratio in Parkinson's disease. Beyond alpha-synuclein, other biomarkers targeting different molecular pathways have been explored in the saliva of Parkinson's disease patients: total tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β1-42 (pathological protein aggregation biomarkers); DJ-1, heme-oxygenase-1, metabolites (altered energy homeostasis biomarkers); MAPLC-3beta (aberrant proteostasis biomarker); cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (inflammation biomarkers); DNA methylation, miRNA (DNA/RNA defects biomarkers); acetylcholinesterase activity (synaptic and neuronal network dysfunction biomarkers); Raman spectra, proteome, and caffeine. Despite a few studies investigating biomarkers targeting molecular pathways different from alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease, these results should be replicated and observed in studies on larger cohorts, considering the potential role of these biomarkers in determining the molecular variance among Parkinson's disease subtypes. Although the need for standardization in sample collection and processing, salivary-based biomarkers studies have reported encouraging results, calling for large-scale longitudinal studies and multicentric assessments, given the great molecular potentials and the non-invasive accessibility of saliva.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2388460-5
ISSN	1876-7958 ; 1673-5374
ISSN (online)	1876-7958
ISSN	1673-5374
DOI	10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01677
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Article: Glycomimetic antagonists of BC2L-C lectin: insights from molecular dynamics simulations.

Antonini, Giulia / Civera, Monica / Lal, Kanhaya / Mazzotta, Sarah / Varrot, Annabelle / Bernardi, Anna / Belvisi, Laura

Frontiers in molecular biosciences

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1201630

Abstract: Opportunistic infections from multidrug-resistant pathogens such ... ...

Abstract	Opportunistic infections from multidrug-resistant pathogens such as
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2814330-9
ISSN	2296-889X
ISSN	2296-889X
DOI	10.3389/fmolb.2023.1201630
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Article ; Online: Chronic lung diseases: prospects for regeneration and repair.

Barnes, Peter J / Anderson, Gary P / Fagerås, Malin / Belvisi, Maria G

European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society

2021 Volume 30, Issue 159

Abstract: COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) together represent a considerable unmet medical need, and advances in their treatment lag well behind those of other chronic conditions. Both diseases involve maladaptive repair mechanisms leading to ... ...

Abstract	COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) together represent a considerable unmet medical need, and advances in their treatment lag well behind those of other chronic conditions. Both diseases involve maladaptive repair mechanisms leading to progressive and irreversible damage. However, our understanding of the complex underlying disease mechanisms is incomplete; with current diagnostic approaches, COPD and IPF are often discovered at an advanced stage and existing definitions of COPD and IPF can be misleading. To halt or reverse disease progression and achieve lung regeneration, there is a need for earlier identification and treatment of these diseases. A precision medicine approach to treatment is also important, involving the recognition of disease subtypes, or endotypes, according to underlying disease mechanisms, rather than the current "one-size-fits-all" approach. This review is based on discussions at a meeting involving 38 leading global experts in chronic lung disease mechanisms, and describes advances in the understanding of the pathology and molecular mechanisms of COPD and IPF to identify potential targets for reversing disease degeneration and promoting tissue repair and lung regeneration. We also discuss limitations of existing disease measures, technical advances in understanding disease pathology, and novel methods for targeted drug delivery.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/therapy ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy ; Regeneration
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1077620-5
ISSN	1600-0617 ; 0905-9180
ISSN (online)	1600-0617
ISSN	0905-9180
DOI	10.1183/16000617.0213-2020
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Article ; Online: Effect of traffic-related air pollution on cough in adults with polymorphisms in several cough-related genes.

Yoon, Michael / Ryu, Min Hyung / Huff, Ryan D / Belvisi, Maria G / Smith, Jaclyn / Carlsten, Chris

Respiratory research

2022 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 113

Abstract: With prevalent global air pollution, individuals with certain genetic predispositions and sensitivities are at of higher risk of developing respiratory symptoms including chronic cough. Studies to date have relied on patient-filled questionnaires in ... ...

Abstract	With prevalent global air pollution, individuals with certain genetic predispositions and sensitivities are at of higher risk of developing respiratory symptoms including chronic cough. Studies to date have relied on patient-filled questionnaires in epidemiological studies to evaluate the gene-by-environment interactions. In a controlled human exposure study, we evaluated whether genetic risk score (GRS) based on cough-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with a cough count over 24 h post-exposure to diesel exhaust (DE), a model for traffic-related air pollution. DE is a mixture of several known air pollutants including PM
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Cough/chemically induced ; Cough/diagnosis ; Cough/epidemiology ; Humans ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Vehicle Emissions/toxicity ; Volatile Organic Compounds
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Vehicle Emissions ; Volatile Organic Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2041675-1
ISSN	1465-993X ; 1465-993X
ISSN (online)	1465-993X
ISSN	1465-993X
DOI	10.1186/s12931-022-02031-8
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Article: Neurophysiological and clinical biomarkers of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Tartaglia, Matteo / Canevelli, Marco / Malimpensa, Leonardo / Belvisi, Daniele / Baione, Viola / Ferrazzano, Gina / Leodori, Giorgio / Berardelli, Alfredo / Conte, Antonella

Frontiers in neurology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1138600

Abstract: Timely diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) represents a clinical challenge. The Frailty Index, a quantitative frailty measure, and the Neurophysiological Index, a combined measure of sensorimotor cortex inhibitory mechanism ... ...

Abstract	Timely diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) represents a clinical challenge. The Frailty Index, a quantitative frailty measure, and the Neurophysiological Index, a combined measure of sensorimotor cortex inhibitory mechanism parameters, have recently emerged as promising tools to support SPMS diagnosis. The aim of this study was to explore the possible relationship between these two indices in MS. MS participants underwent a clinical evaluation, Frailty Index administration, and neurophysiological assessment. Frailty and Neurophysiological Index scores were found to be higher in SPMS and correlated with each other, thus suggesting that they may capture similar SPMS-related pathophysiological mechanisms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2023.1138600
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Article ; Online: Effective connectivity abnormalities in Lewy body disease with visual hallucinations.

Leodori, Giorgio / Fabbrini, Andrea / Suppa, Antonio / Mancuso, Marco / Tikoo, Sankalp / Belvisi, Daniele / Conte, Antonella / Fabbrini, Giovanni / Berardelli, Alfredo

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

2023 Volume 156, Page(s) 156–165

Abstract: Objective: To assess the changes in effective connectivity of important regions of the visual network (VIS) and dorsal attention network (DAN) underlying visual hallucinations (VHs) in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess the changes in effective connectivity of important regions of the visual network (VIS) and dorsal attention network (DAN) underlying visual hallucinations (VHs) in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD), as measured by a transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalographic technique (TMS-EEG). Methods: We stimulated the right visual cortex (V1/V2), the right intraparietal sulcus and the right frontal eye fields, two key regions of the DAN, and measured TMS-evoked cortical activation within the VIS and the DAN. We compared 11 patients with VHs and 15 patients without VHs. Results: Patients with VHs showed lower TMS-evoked cortical activation within the DAN following intraparietal sulcus and frontal eye fields stimulation than patients without VHs. No difference was found between patients with and without cognitive impairment. Also, when considering only patients with cognitive impairment, VHs were associated with lower TMS-evoked cortical activation following intraparietal sulcus stimulation. Conclusions: DLB, PD, and PDD patients with VHs had less effective connectivity of the right intraparietal sulcus within the DAN than patients without VHs. Significance: We provided the first evidence that VHs are associated with specific intraparietal sulcus dysfunction within the DAN in patients with PDD, PD, and DLB.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lewy Body Disease ; Dementia ; Parkinson Disease ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Hallucinations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1463630-x
ISSN	1872-8952 ; 0921-884X ; 1388-2457
ISSN (online)	1872-8952
ISSN	0921-884X ; 1388-2457
DOI	10.1016/j.clinph.2023.10.009
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Article ; Online: RGD Cyclopeptide Equipped with a Lysine-Engaging Salicylaldehyde Showing Enhanced Integrin Affinity and Cell Detachment Potency.

Sacco, Giovanni / Arosio, Daniela / Paolillo, Mayra / Gloger, Andreas / Scheuermann, Jörg / Pignataro, Luca / Belvisi, Laura / Dal Corso, Alberto / Gennari, Cesare

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2023 Volume 29, Issue 19, Page(s) e202203768

Abstract: Salicylaldehyde (SA) derivatives are emerging as useful fragments to obtain reversible-covalent inhibitors interacting with the lysine residues of the target protein. Here the SA installation at the C terminus of an integrin-binding cyclopeptide, leading ...

Abstract	Salicylaldehyde (SA) derivatives are emerging as useful fragments to obtain reversible-covalent inhibitors interacting with the lysine residues of the target protein. Here the SA installation at the C terminus of an integrin-binding cyclopeptide, leading to enhanced ligand affinity for the receptor as well as stronger biological activity in cultured glioblastoma cells is reported.
MeSH term(s)	Integrins/metabolism ; Cell Adhesion ; Lysine ; Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry ; Oligopeptides/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Integrins ; Lysine (K3Z4F929H6) ; Peptides, Cyclic ; salicylaldehyde (17K64GZH20) ; Oligopeptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1478547-X
ISSN	1521-3765 ; 0947-6539
ISSN (online)	1521-3765
ISSN	0947-6539
DOI	10.1002/chem.202203768
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Article ; Online: Deep Learning-based Segmentation of CT Scans Predicts Disease Progression and Mortality in IPF.

Thillai, Muhunthan / Oldham, Justin M / Ruggiero, Alessandro / Kanavati, Fahdi / McLellan, Tom / Saini, Gauri / Johnson, Simon R / Ble, Francois-Xavier / Azim, Adnan / Ostridge, Kristoffer / Platt, Adam / Belvisi, Maria / Maher, Toby M / Molyneaux, Philip L

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

2024

Abstract: Rationale: Despite evidence demonstrating a prognostic role for CT scans in IPF, image-based biomarkers are not routinely used in clinical practice or trials.: Objectives: Develop automated imaging biomarkers using deep learning based segmentation of ...

Abstract	Rationale: Despite evidence demonstrating a prognostic role for CT scans in IPF, image-based biomarkers are not routinely used in clinical practice or trials. Objectives: Develop automated imaging biomarkers using deep learning based segmentation of CT scans. Methods: We developed segmentation processes for four anatomical biomarkers which were applied to a unique cohort of treatment-naive IPF patients enrolled in the PROFILE study and tested against a further UK cohort. The relationship between CT biomarkers, lung function, disease progression and mortality were assessed. Measurements and main results: Data was analysed from 446 PROFILE patients. Median follow-up was 39.1 months (IQR 18.1-66.4) with cumulative incidence of death of 277 over 5 years (62.1%). Segmentation was successful on 97.8% of all scans, across multiple imaging vendors at slice thicknesses 0.5-5mm. Of 4 segmentations, lung volume showed strongest correlation with FVC (r=0.82, p<0.001). Lung, vascular and fibrosis volumes were consistently associated across cohorts with differential five-year survival, which persisted after adjustment for baseline GAP score. Lower lung volume (HR 0.98, CI 0.96-0.99, p=0.001), increased vascular volume (HR 1.30, CI 1.12-1.51, p=0.001) and increased fibrosis volume (HR 1.17, CI 1.12-1.22, p=<0.001) were associated with reduced two-year progression-free survival in the pooled PROFILE cohort. Longitudinally, decreasing lung volume (HR 3.41; 95% CI 1.36-8.54; p=0.009) and increasing fibrosis volume (HR 2.23; 95% CI 1.22-4.08; p=0.009) were associated with differential survival. Conclusions: Automated models can rapidly segment IPF CT scans, providing prognostic near and long-term information, which could be used in routine clinical practice or as key trial endpoints. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1180953-x
ISSN	1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
ISSN (online)	1535-4970
ISSN	0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
DOI	10.1164/rccm.202311-2185OC
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