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  1. Article ; Online: A generalizable scaffold-based approach for structure determination of RNAs by cryo-EM.

    Langeberg, Conner J / Kieft, Jeffrey S

    Nucleic acids research

    2024  Volume 51, Issue 20, Page(s) e100

    Abstract: Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) can reveal the structures of large and often dynamic molecules, but smaller biomolecules (≤50 kDa) remain challenging targets due to their intrinsic low signal to noise ratio. Methods to help resolve ... ...

    Abstract Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) can reveal the structures of large and often dynamic molecules, but smaller biomolecules (≤50 kDa) remain challenging targets due to their intrinsic low signal to noise ratio. Methods to help resolve small proteins have been applied but development of similar approaches to aid in structural determination of small, structured RNA elements have lagged. Here, we present a scaffold-based approach that we used to recover maps of sub-25 kDa RNA domains to 4.5-5.0 Å. While lacking the detail of true high-resolution maps, these maps are suitable for model building and preliminary structure determination. We demonstrate this method helped faithfully recover the structure of several RNA elements of known structure, and that it promises to be generalized to other RNAs without disturbing their native fold. This approach may streamline the sample preparation process and reduce the optimization required for data collection. This first-generation scaffold approach provides a robust system to aid in RNA structure determination by cryo-EM and lays the groundwork for further scaffold optimization to achieve higher resolution.
    MeSH term(s) Cryoelectron Microscopy ; RNA/chemistry ; RNA/ultrastructure ; Single Molecule Imaging
    Chemical Substances RNA (63231-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gkad784
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A Generalizable Scaffold-Based Approach for Structure Determination of RNAs by Cryo-EM.

    Langeberg, Conner J / Kieft, Jeffrey S

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) can reveal the structures of large and often dynamic molecules, but smaller biomolecules remain challenging targets due to their intrinsic low signal to noise ratio. Methods to resolve small proteins ... ...

    Abstract Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) can reveal the structures of large and often dynamic molecules, but smaller biomolecules remain challenging targets due to their intrinsic low signal to noise ratio. Methods to resolve small proteins have been applied but development of similar approaches for small structured RNA elements have lagged. Here, we present a scaffold-based approach that we used to recover maps of sub-25 kDa RNA domains to 4.5 - 5.0 Å. While lacking the detail of true high-resolution maps, these are suitable for model building and preliminary structure determination. We demonstrate this method faithfully recovers the structure of several RNA elements of known structure, and it promises to be generalized to other RNAs without disturbing their native fold. This approach may streamline the sample preparation process and reduce the optimization required for data collection. This first-generation scaffold approach provides a system for RNA structure determination by cryo-EM and lays the groundwork for further scaffold optimization to achieve higher resolution.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.07.06.547879
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Impacts of the COVID-19 public health emergency on healthcare professional delivery of opportunistic behaviour change interventions: a retrospective cohort study.

    Keyworth, Chris / Conner, Mark / Johnson, Judith / Epton, Tracy / Vogt, Katharina S / Armitage, Christopher J

    BMC health services research

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 167

    Abstract: Background: The public health policy "Making Every Contact Count" (MECC) compels healthcare professionals to deliver health behaviour change interventions during routine consultations. As healthcare systems continue their recovery from the impacts of ... ...

    Abstract Background: The public health policy "Making Every Contact Count" (MECC) compels healthcare professionals to deliver health behaviour change interventions during routine consultations. As healthcare systems continue their recovery from the impacts of the COVID-19 public health emergency, supporting people to modify health behaviours is more important now than when the policy was introduced. The present study aims to: (a) examine changes in healthcare professionals' awareness of, and engagement with the policy over a five-year period, (b) examine the psychosocial drivers associated with delivering behaviour change interventions, and (c) identify targets to increase healthcare professionals' delivery of interventions.
    Methods: Comparison of data from two independent representative surveys of NHS healthcare professionals working in the UK. In both surveys (July-September 2017; N = 1387, and February-March 2022; N = 1008), participants were asked to report: (1) awareness of the MECC policy, (2) the prevalence of MECC-related practice (perceived patient benefit, how often interventions were delivered, and time spent delivering interventions), and (3) perceptions of capabilities, opportunities and motivations to deliver behaviour change interventions. T- tests (independent-samples), MANOVA, multiple linear regression, and chi-square analyses were used to generate comparisons between the surveys.
    Results: Awareness of the policy increased from 2017 (31.4%) to 2022 (52.0%). However, in 2022 compared with 2017, healthcare professionals reported (a) fewer patients would benefit from behaviour change interventions (49.1% versus 55.9%), (b) they delivered behaviour change interventions to a lower proportion of patients (38.0% versus 50.0%), and (c) they spent a lower proportion of the consultation time delivering interventions (26.5% versus 35.3%). Further, in 2022, compared with 2017, healthcare professionals reported fewer physical opportunities, fewer social opportunities, and fewer psychological capabilities to deliver behaviour change interventions. In the 2022 survey, perceptions of patient benefit and delivery of interventions was associated with greater perceptions of opportunities and motivations.
    Conclusions: Health behaviour change interventions remain an important part of routine healthcare in the continued recovery from COVID-19 public health emergency, however reported engagement with MECC-related practices appears to have reduced over time. Future research should consider how healthcare professionals identify patients who might benefit from opportunistic behaviour change interventions, and to increase capabilities, opportunities, and motivations to deliver interventions during routine consultations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Public Health ; Retrospective Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Health Personnel/psychology ; Delivery of Health Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050434-2
    ISSN 1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
    ISSN (online) 1472-6963
    ISSN 1472-6963
    DOI 10.1186/s12913-023-10522-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Diversity and modularity of tyrosine-accepting tRNA-like structures.

    Sherlock, Madeline E / Langeberg, Conner J / Kieft, Jeffrey S

    RNA (New York, N.Y.)

    2024  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 213–222

    Abstract: Certain positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses contain elements at their 3' termini that structurally mimic tRNAs. These tRNA-like structures (TLSs) are classified based on which amino acid is covalently added to the 3' end by host aminoacyl-tRNA ... ...

    Abstract Certain positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses contain elements at their 3' termini that structurally mimic tRNAs. These tRNA-like structures (TLSs) are classified based on which amino acid is covalently added to the 3' end by host aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Recently, a cryoEM reconstruction of a representative tyrosine-accepting tRNA-like structure (TLS
    MeSH term(s) Base Sequence ; Anticodon/genetics ; RNA, Viral/chemistry ; RNA, Transfer/chemistry ; Bromovirus/genetics ; Bromovirus/metabolism ; RNA Viruses/genetics ; Tyrosine-tRNA Ligase/genetics ; Tyrosine-tRNA Ligase/chemistry ; Tyrosine-tRNA Ligase/metabolism ; Tyrosine/genetics ; Tyrosine/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Conformation
    Chemical Substances Anticodon ; RNA, Viral ; RNA, Transfer (9014-25-9) ; Tyrosine-tRNA Ligase (EC 6.1.1.1) ; Tyrosine (42HK56048U)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1241540-6
    ISSN 1469-9001 ; 1355-8382
    ISSN (online) 1469-9001
    ISSN 1355-8382
    DOI 10.1261/rna.079768.123
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: cifB-

    Shropshire, J Dylan / Hamant, Emily / Conner, William R / Cooper, Brandon S

    PNAS nexus

    2022  Volume 1, Issue 3, Page(s) pgac099

    Abstract: Divergent hosts often associate with intracellular microbes that influence their fitness. Maternally ... ...

    Abstract Divergent hosts often associate with intracellular microbes that influence their fitness. Maternally transmitted
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2752-6542
    ISSN (online) 2752-6542
    DOI 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac099
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Rapid turnover of pathogen-blocking

    Shropshire, J Dylan / Conner, William R / Vanderpool, Dan / Hoffmann, Ary A / Turelli, Michael / Cooper, Brandon S

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: At least half of all insect species carry maternally ... ...

    Abstract At least half of all insect species carry maternally inherited
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.12.04.569981
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Smartphone survey data reveal the timecourse of changes in mood outcomes following vitamin C or kiwifruit intervention in adults with low vitamin C.

    Fletcher, Benjamin D / Haszard, Jillian J / Vissers, Margreet C M / Conner, Tamlin S

    The British journal of nutrition

    2023  Volume 131, Issue 8, Page(s) 1384–1396

    Abstract: Vitamin C-rich foods can improve mood; however, the timecourse of these benefits is unknown. This study utilised intensive longitudinal smartphone surveys from a three-armed placebo-controlled trial to determine mood-related changes following ... ...

    Abstract Vitamin C-rich foods can improve mood; however, the timecourse of these benefits is unknown. This study utilised intensive longitudinal smartphone surveys from a three-armed placebo-controlled trial to determine mood-related changes following supplementation with vitamin C (250 mg tablet/d), kiwifruit (2 SunGold™ kiwifruit/d) or a placebo (1 tablet/d). Secondary data were analysed from the KiwiC for Vitality trial (Trial ID: ACTRN12617001031358). Adults (
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Affect ; Ascorbic Acid ; Dietary Supplements ; Smartphone ; Vitamins
    Chemical Substances Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R) ; Vitamins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Controlled Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 280396-3
    ISSN 1475-2662 ; 0007-1145
    ISSN (online) 1475-2662
    ISSN 0007-1145
    DOI 10.1017/S0007114523002787
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Inconsistencies in Modeling the Efficacy of the Oncolytic Virus HSV1716 Reveal Potential Predictive Biomarkers for Tolerability.

    Howard, Faith / Conner, Joe / Danson, Sarah / Muthana, Munitta

    Frontiers in molecular biosciences

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 889395

    Abstract: Treatment with ... ...

    Abstract Treatment with HSV1716
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2814330-9
    ISSN 2296-889X
    ISSN 2296-889X
    DOI 10.3389/fmolb.2022.889395
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: A conserved class of viral RNA structures regulate translation reinitiation through dynamic ribosome interactions.

    Sherlock, Madeline E / Langeberg, Conner J / Segar, Katherine E / Kieft, Jeffrey S

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Certain viral RNAs encode proteins downstream of the main protein coding region, expressed through "termination-reinitiation" events, dependent on RNA structure. RNA elements located upstream of the first stop codon within these viral mRNAs bind the ... ...

    Abstract Certain viral RNAs encode proteins downstream of the main protein coding region, expressed through "termination-reinitiation" events, dependent on RNA structure. RNA elements located upstream of the first stop codon within these viral mRNAs bind the ribosome, preventing ribosome recycling and inducing reinitiation. We used bioinformatic methods to identify new examples of viral reinitiation-stimulating RNAs and experimentally verified their secondary structure and function. We determined the structure of a representative viral RNA-ribosome complex using cryoEM. 3D classification and variability analyses reveal that the viral RNA structure can sample a range of conformations while remaining tethered to the ribosome, which enabling the ribosome to find a reinitiation start site within a limited range of mRNA sequence. Evaluating the conserved features and constraints of this entire RNA class in the context of the cryoEM reconstruction provides insight into mechanisms enabling reinitiation, a translation regulation strategy employed by many other viral and eukaryotic systems.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.09.29.560040
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: New York Presbyterian-Brooklyn Methodist Hospital's Quality Improvement Project Targeting High A1C Levels.

    Zilberman, Stephanie / Vidovic, Jovana / Tun, Nay Min / Tun, Thwe Thwe / Leong, Alfred / Conner, David

    Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 161–164

    Abstract: Quality Improvement Success Stories are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and ... ...

    Abstract Quality Improvement Success Stories are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and strategies from programs and clinics that have successfully improved the quality of care for people with diabetes or related conditions. Each article in the series is reviewed and follows a standard format developed by the editors of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1025953-3
    ISSN 0891-8929
    ISSN 0891-8929
    DOI 10.2337/cd22-0109
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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