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Article ; Online: From brain images to drawings - New insights informing the creativity-psychopathology debate: Commentary on "Can we really 'read' art to see the changing brain? A review and empirical assessment of clinical case reports and published artworks for systematic evidence of quality and style changes linked to damage or neurodegenerative disease" by Pelowski et al.

Benedek, Mathias / Fink, Andreas

2023 Volume 44, Page(s) 179–183

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Brain ; Psychopathology ; Creativity ; Mental Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2148883-6
ISSN	1873-1457 ; 1571-0645
ISSN (online)	1873-1457
ISSN	1571-0645
DOI	10.1016/j.plrev.2023.01.010
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Article ; Online: A systematic framework of creative metacognition.

Lebuda, Izabela / Benedek, Mathias

Physics of life reviews

2023 Volume 46, Page(s) 161–181

Abstract: Creative cognition does not just involve cognitive processes in direct service of the main task objective (e.g., idea generation), but also metacognitive processes that monitor and regulate cognition adaptively (e.g., evaluation of ideas and task ... ...

Abstract	Creative cognition does not just involve cognitive processes in direct service of the main task objective (e.g., idea generation), but also metacognitive processes that monitor and regulate cognition adaptively (e.g., evaluation of ideas and task performance, or development and selection of task strategies). Although metacognition is vital for creative performance, relevant work is sparse, which may be partly due to persistent ambiguities in the theoretical conceptualization of creative metacognition. Therefore, this article proposes a systematic framework of creative metacognition (CMC), which builds on recent advancements in metacognition theory and extends them to meet the specifics of creative cognition. The CMC framework consists of two dynamic components-monitoring and control-and a more static component of metacognitive knowledge, each subsuming metacognitive processes applying to the level of task, performance, and responses. We describe the presumed function of these metacognitive components in the creative process, present evidence in support of each, and discuss their association with related constructs, such as creative self-beliefs. We further highlight the dynamic interplay of metacognitive processes across task performance and identify promising avenues for future research.
MeSH term(s)	Metacognition/physiology ; Cognition ; Concept Formation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2148883-6
ISSN	1873-1457 ; 1571-0645
ISSN (online)	1873-1457
ISSN	1571-0645
DOI	10.1016/j.plrev.2023.07.002
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Article ; Online: An observation of a negative effect of social cohesion on creativity in musical improvisation.

Kempf, Adrian / Benedek, Mathias / Schiavio, Andrea

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 2922

Abstract: Although various social factors can significantly impact creative performance, it is still unclear how social cohesion (i.e., how close we feel to others) influences creativity. We therefore conducted two studies exploring the association between social ... ...

Abstract	Although various social factors can significantly impact creative performance, it is still unclear how social cohesion (i.e., how close we feel to others) influences creativity. We therefore conducted two studies exploring the association between social cohesion and creativity within the domain of musical improvisation, a prime example of creative performance, which usually plays out in social contexts. The first study (n = 58 musical novices) showed that music-induced synchrony facilitates social cohesion. In our second study (n = 18 musical novices), we found that in two out of three experimental conditions, increased social cohesion is associated with less creative musical outcomes, as rated by nine expert musicians. In our subsequent analysis we related measures of social cohesion and creativity. This approach highlights how, within a musical setting, creativity unfolds in the context of social contingencies as social cohesion and related factors.
MeSH term(s)	Brain ; Music ; Social Cohesion ; Creativity ; Emotions
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-52350-7
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Article ; Online: Decoupling of the pupillary light response during internal attention: The modulating effect of luminance intensity.

Korda, Živa / Walcher, Sonja / Körner, Christof / Benedek, Mathias

Acta psychologica

2024 Volume 242, Page(s) 104123

Abstract: In a world full of sensory stimuli, attention guides us between the external environment and our internal thoughts. While external attention involves processing sensory stimuli, internal attention is devoted to self-generated representations such as ... ...

Abstract	In a world full of sensory stimuli, attention guides us between the external environment and our internal thoughts. While external attention involves processing sensory stimuli, internal attention is devoted to self-generated representations such as planning or spontaneous mind wandering. They both draw from common cognitive resources, thus simultaneous engagement in both often leads to interference between processes. In order to maintain internal focus, an attentional mechanism known as perceptual decoupling takes effect. This mechanism supports internal cognition by decoupling attention from the perception of sensory information. Two previous studies of our lab investigated to what extent perceptual decoupling is evident in voluntary eye movements. Findings showed that the effect is mediated by the internal task modality and workload (visuospatial > arithmetic and high > low, respectively). However, it remains unclear whether it extends to involuntary eye behavior, which may not share cognitive resources with internal activities. Therefore, the present experiment aimed to further elucidate attentional dynamics by examining whether internal attention affects the pupillary light response (PLR). Specifically, we consistently observed that workload and task modality of the internal task reduced the PLR to luminance changes of medium intensity. However, the PLR to strong luminance changes was less or not at all affected by the internal task. These results suggest that perceptual decoupling effects may be less consistent in involuntary eye behavior, particularly in the context of a salient visual stimulus.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cognition/physiology ; Eye Movements ; Workload ; Pupil
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1480049-4
ISSN	1873-6297 ; 0001-6918
ISSN (online)	1873-6297
ISSN	0001-6918
DOI	10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104123
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Article ; Online: The Manic Idea Creator? A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Bipolar Disorder and Creative Cognitive Potential.

Forthmann, Boris / Kaczykowski, Karin / Benedek, Mathias / Holling, Heinz

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 13

Abstract: Even though a relationship between psychopathology and creativity has been postulated since the time of ancient Greece, systematic meta-analyses on this topic are still scarce. Thus, the meta-analysis described here can be considered the first to date ... ...

Abstract	Even though a relationship between psychopathology and creativity has been postulated since the time of ancient Greece, systematic meta-analyses on this topic are still scarce. Thus, the meta-analysis described here can be considered the first to date that specifically focuses on the relationship between creative potential, as measured by divergent thinking, and bipolar disorder, as opposed to psychopathology in general. An extensive literature search of 4670 screened hits identified 13 suitable studies, including a total of 42 effect sizes and 1857 participants. The random-effects model showed an overall significant, positive, yet diminutively small effect (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bipolar Disorder/psychology ; Mania ; Creativity ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20136264
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Article ; Online: Effects of internally directed cognition on smooth pursuit eye movements: A systematic examination of perceptual decoupling.

Korda, Živa / Walcher, Sonja / Körner, Christof / Benedek, Mathias

Attention, perception & psychophysics

2023 Volume 85, Issue 4, Page(s) 1159–1178

Abstract: Eye behavior differs between internally and externally directed cognition and thus is indicative of an internal versus external attention focus. Recent work implicated perceptual decoupling (i.e., eye behavior becoming less determined by the sensory ... ...

Abstract	Eye behavior differs between internally and externally directed cognition and thus is indicative of an internal versus external attention focus. Recent work implicated perceptual decoupling (i.e., eye behavior becoming less determined by the sensory environment) as one of the key mechanisms involved in these attention-related eye movement differences. However, it is not yet understood how perceptual decoupling depends on the characteristics of the internal task. Therefore, we systematically examined effects of varying internal task demands on smooth pursuit eye movements. Specifically, we evaluated effects of the internal workload (control vs. low vs. high) and of internal task (arithmetic vs. visuospatial). The results of multilevel modelling showed that effects of perceptual decoupling were stronger for higher workload, and more pronounced for the visuospatial modality. Effects also followed a characteristic time-course relative to internal operations. The findings provide further support of the perceptual decoupling mechanism by showing that it is sensitive to the degree of interference between external and internal information.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pursuit, Smooth ; Eye Movements ; Cognition ; Attention ; Motion Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2464550-3
ISSN	1943-393X ; 1943-3921
ISSN (online)	1943-393X
ISSN	1943-3921
DOI	10.3758/s13414-023-02688-3
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Article ; Online: The effects of type and workload of internal tasks on voluntary saccades in a target-distractor saccade task.

Walcher, Sonja / Korda, Živa / Körner, Christof / Benedek, Mathias

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) e0290322

Abstract: When we engage in internally directed cognition, like doing mental arithmetic or mind wandering, fewer cognitive resources are assigned for other activities like reacting to perceptual input-an effect termed perceptual decoupling. However, the exact ... ...

Abstract	When we engage in internally directed cognition, like doing mental arithmetic or mind wandering, fewer cognitive resources are assigned for other activities like reacting to perceptual input-an effect termed perceptual decoupling. However, the exact conditions under which perceptual decoupling occurs and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are still unclear. Hence, the present study systematically manipulated the task type (arithmetic, visuospatial) and workload (control, low, high) of the internal task in a within-subject design and tested its effects on voluntary saccades in a target-distractor saccade task. As expected, engagement in internal tasks delayed saccades to the target. This effect was moderated by time, task, and workload: The delay was largest right after internal task onset and then decreased, potentially reflecting the intensity of internal task demands. Saccades were also more delayed for the high compared to the low workload condition in the arithmetic task, whereas workload conditions had similarly high effects in the visuospatial task. Findings suggests that perceptual decoupling of eye behavior gradually increases with internal demands on general resources and that perceptual decoupling is specifically sensitive to internal demands on visuospatial resources. The latter may be mediated by interference due to eye behavior elicited by the internal task itself. Internal tasks did not affect the saccade latency-deviation trade-off, indicating that while the internal tasks delayed the execution of the saccade, the perception of the saccade stimuli and spatial planning of the saccade continued unaffected in parallel to the internal tasks. Together, these findings shed further light on the specific mechanisms underlying perceptual decoupling by suggesting that perceptual decoupling of eye behavior increases as internal demands on cognitive resources overlap more strongly with demands of the external task.
MeSH term(s)	Saccades ; Workload ; Cognition ; Levonorgestrel ; Treatment Refusal
Chemical Substances	Levonorgestrel (5W7SIA7YZW)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0290322
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Article: Dimensions of Musical Creativity.

Schiavio, Andrea / Benedek, Mathias

Frontiers in neuroscience

2020 Volume 14, Page(s) 578932

Abstract: Current literature on creative cognition has developed rich conceptual landscapes dedicated to the analysis of both individual and collective forms of creativity. This work has favored the emergence of unifying theories on domain-general creative ... ...

Abstract	Current literature on creative cognition has developed rich conceptual landscapes dedicated to the analysis of both individual and collective forms of creativity. This work has favored the emergence of unifying theories on domain-general creative abilities in which the main experiential, behavioral, computational, and neural aspects involved in everyday creativity are examined and discussed. But while such accounts have gained important analytical leverage for describing the overall conditions and mechanisms through which creativity emerges and operates, they necessarily leave contextual forms of creativity less explored. Among the latter, musical practices have recently drawn the attention of scholars interested in its creative properties as well as in the creative potential of those who engage with them. In the present article, we compare previously posed theories of creativity in musical and non-musical domains to lay the basis of a conceptual framework that mitigates the tension between (i) individual and collective and (ii) domain-general and domain-specific perspectives on creativity. In doing so, we draw from a range of scholarship in music and enactive cognitive science, and propose that creative cognition may be best understood as a process of skillful organism-environment adaptation that one cultivates endlessly. With its focus on embodiment, plurality, and adaptiveness, our account points to a structured unity between living systems and their world, disclosing a variety of novel analytical resources for research and theory across different dimensions of (musical) creativity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2020.578932
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Article ; Online: Creativity on tap 2: Investigating dose effects of alcohol on cognitive control and creative cognition.

Benedek, Mathias / Zöhrer, Lena

Consciousness and cognition

2020 Volume 83, Page(s) 102972

Abstract: This preregistered study aimed to replicate and extend research on the role of cognitive control in creative cognition by examining dose effects of alcohol in a randomized controlled trial. A sample of 125 participants was randomly assigned to three ... ...

Abstract	This preregistered study aimed to replicate and extend research on the role of cognitive control in creative cognition by examining dose effects of alcohol in a randomized controlled trial. A sample of 125 participants was randomly assigned to three experimental groups, either drinking alcoholic beer (BAC = 0.03 or 0.06) or drinking non-alcoholic beer (placebo-control group). Before and after the alcohol intervention, participants completed two tests of cognitive control and two established creative thinking tasks. A BAC of 0.06 led to an impairment of verbal fluency, while working memory performance was unaffected at both alcohol levels. Alcohol had no facilitative or detrimental effects on creative thinking performance, neither in terms of RAT performance, divergent thinking fluency or divergent thinking creativity. These results indicate that moderate alcohol levels have dose-dependent, selective effects on cognitive control, and that minor impairments of cognitive control do not generally increase or attenuate creative thinking performance.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects ; Alcohol Drinking/blood ; Central Nervous System Depressants/administration & dosage ; Central Nervous System Depressants/pharmacology ; Cognition/drug effects ; Creativity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol/administration & dosage ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Executive Function/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Depressants ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1106647-7
ISSN	1090-2376 ; 1053-8100
ISSN (online)	1090-2376
ISSN	1053-8100
DOI	10.1016/j.concog.2020.102972
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Zs.A 3692: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Step-by-step to more creativity: The number of steps in everyday life is related to creative ideation performance.

Rominger, Christian / Fink, Andreas / Weber, Bernhard / Benedek, Mathias / Perchtold-Stefan, Corinna M / Schwerdtfeger, Andreas R

The American psychologist

2023

Abstract: Research indicated an association of acute and chronic physical activity with creative ideation performance. However, no study to date applied ecologically valid ambulatory methods with the potential to generalize these positive relationships to everyday ...

Abstract	Research indicated an association of acute and chronic physical activity with creative ideation performance. However, no study to date applied ecologically valid ambulatory methods with the potential to generalize these positive relationships to everyday life contexts. This study assessed acute and chronic physical activity (i.e., number of steps assessed via acceleration sensors) as well as creative ideation performance (in the verbal and figural domain) with an ecological momentary assessment approach in a sample of 157 young adults. We found that both single bouts of walking and walking regularly were associated with more original verbal ideas. Positive affect did not mediate this association; however, for figural creativity, the indirect path of acute physical activity via acute positive affect was significant. Although the relationship between walking and creativity seems to be domain-specific, the study findings suggest that the positive effects of physical activity on creativity transfer to everyday life contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209464-2
ISSN	1935-990X ; 0003-066X
ISSN (online)	1935-990X
ISSN	0003-066X
DOI	10.1037/amp0001232
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