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Article ; Online: Epigenetics and differential effects of aspirin on breast cancer survival: Opportunities for understanding human susceptibility and risk.

Malecki, Kristen M C

2019 Volume 125, Issue 21, Page(s) 3709–3713

MeSH term(s)	Aspirin ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Epigenomics ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Aspirin (R16CO5Y76E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1429-1
ISSN	1097-0142 ; 0008-543X ; 1934-662X
ISSN (online)	1097-0142
ISSN	0008-543X ; 1934-662X
DOI	10.1002/cncr.32365
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Article ; Online: Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Wisconsin.

Pomazal, Rachel / Malecki, Kristen M C / McCulley, Laura / Stafford, Noah / Schowalter, Mikayla / Schultz, Amy

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 7

Abstract: Alcohol consumption often increases in times of stress such as disease outbreaks. Wisconsin has historically ranked as one of the heaviest drinking states in the United States with a persistent drinking culture. Few studies have documented the impact of ... ...

Abstract	Alcohol consumption often increases in times of stress such as disease outbreaks. Wisconsin has historically ranked as one of the heaviest drinking states in the United States with a persistent drinking culture. Few studies have documented the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol consumption after the first few months of the pandemic. The primary aim of this study is to identify factors related to changes in drinking at three timepoints during the first eighteen months of the pandemic. Survey data was collected from May to June 2020 (Wave 1), from January to February 2021 (Wave 2), and in June 2021 (Wave 3) among past participants of the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin. Study participants included 1290, 1868, and 1827 participants in each survey wave, respectively. Participants were asked how their alcohol consumption changed in each wave. Being younger, having anxiety, a bachelor's degree or higher, having higher income, working remotely, and children in the home were significantly associated with increased drinking in all waves. Using logistic regression modeling, younger age was the most important predictor of increased alcohol consumption in each wave. Young adults in Wisconsin may be at higher risk for heavy drinking as these participants were more likely to increase alcohol use in all three surveys.
MeSH term(s)	Young Adult ; Child ; Humans ; United States ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Wisconsin/epidemiology ; Anxiety/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20075301
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Article ; Online: Neighborhood socioeconomic status is associated with low diversity gut microbiomes and multi-drug resistant microorganism colonization.

Zuniga-Chaves, Ibrahim / Eggers, Shoshannah / Kates, Ashley E / Safdar, Nasia / Suen, Garret / Malecki, Kristen M C

NPJ biofilms and microbiomes

2023 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 61

Abstract: Social disparities continue to limit universal access to health care, directly impacting both lifespan and quality of life. Concomitantly, the gut microbiome has been associated with downstream health outcomes including the global rise in antibiotic ... ...

Abstract	Social disparities continue to limit universal access to health care, directly impacting both lifespan and quality of life. Concomitantly, the gut microbiome has been associated with downstream health outcomes including the global rise in antibiotic resistance. However, limited evidence exists examining socioeconomic status (SES) associations with gut microbiome composition. To address this, we collected information on the community-level SES, gut microbiota, and other individual cofactors including colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in an adult cohort from Wisconsin, USA. We found an association between SES and microbial composition that is mediated by food insecurity. Additionally, we observed a higher prevalence of MDROs isolated from individuals with low diversity microbiomes and low neighborhood SES. Our integrated population-based study considers how the interplay of several social and economic factors combine to influence gut microbial composition while providing a framework for developing future interventions to help mitigate the SES health gap.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Quality of Life ; Social Class ; Low Socioeconomic Status ; Microbiota
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2817021-0
ISSN	2055-5008 ; 2055-5008
ISSN (online)	2055-5008
ISSN	2055-5008
DOI	10.1038/s41522-023-00430-3
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Article ; Online: Crisis Communication and Public Perception of COVID-19 Risk in the Era of Social Media.

Malecki, Kristen M C / Keating, Julie A / Safdar, Nasia

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2020 Volume 72, Issue 4, Page(s) 697–702

Abstract: A number of important principles in effective risk communication established in the late 20th century can provide important scientific insight into patient response to the risks posed by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Early risk communication ... ...

Abstract	A number of important principles in effective risk communication established in the late 20th century can provide important scientific insight into patient response to the risks posed by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Early risk communication scholars found acceptability of risk was shaped by 2 key components: hazard and outrage. The number of people who are exposed, infected, and fall ill can be considered the hazard. How the public and patients and respond to messages regarding risk mitigation relates to outrage. Social and cultural factors, immediacy, uncertainty, familiarity, personal control, scientific uncertainty, and trust in institutions and media all shape perception and response to risk mesaging. Outrage factors influence the ever-changing public understanding of COVID-19 risk. In concert, hazard and outrage along with cultural and economic context shape adherence to, and overall acceptance of, personal mitigation strategies including wearing facemasks and social distancing among the general public. The spread of misinformation on social media also provides both challenges and opportunities for clinicians. Social media offers an opportunity for experts to quickly convey true information about hazards, but offers others the opportunity to counter this with the spread of misinformation and exacerbate outrage. We propose strategies for infectious diseases clinicians to apply risk communication principles and frameworks to improve patient care and public message development in response to COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Communication ; Humans ; Public Opinion ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Social Media
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciaa758
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Article ; Online: For Submission to the Journal of Community Health: Carbon Monoxide Awareness and Detector Use in the State of Wisconsin.

Gordon, Bianca Silva / Malecki, Kristen M C / Camponeschi, Jennifer / LeCaire, Tamara J / Creswell, Paul D / Schultz, Amy A

Journal of community health

2023 Volume 49, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Carbon monoxide (CO) is a leading cause of poisoning. CO detectors are a known-effective prevention strategy, however, little is known about use of detectors or knowledge of risk. This study assessed awareness of CO poisoning risk, detector laws, and ... ...

Abstract	Carbon monoxide (CO) is a leading cause of poisoning. CO detectors are a known-effective prevention strategy, however, little is known about use of detectors or knowledge of risk. This study assessed awareness of CO poisoning risk, detector laws, and detector use among a statewide sample. Data collected from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW) included a CO Monitoring module added to the in-home interview for 466 participants representing unique households across Wisconsin in 2018-2019. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between demographic characteristics, awareness of CO laws and detector use. Less than half of households had a verified CO detector. Under 46% were aware of the detector law. Those aware had 2.82 greater odds of having a detector in the home compared to those unaware of the law. Lack of CO law awareness may lead to less frequent detector use and result in higher risk of CO poisoning. This highlights the need for CO risk and detector education to decrease poisonings.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carbon Monoxide/analysis ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/prevention & control ; Health Surveys ; Public Health ; Wisconsin ; Periodicals as Topic
Chemical Substances	Carbon Monoxide (7U1EE4V452)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	426631-6
ISSN	1573-3610 ; 0094-5145
ISSN (online)	1573-3610
ISSN	0094-5145
DOI	10.1007/s10900-023-01235-3
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Article ; Online: Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Rachel Pomazal / Kristen M. C. Malecki / Laura McCulley / Noah Stafford / Mikayla Schowalter / Amy Schultz

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 5301, p

Evidence from Wisconsin

2023 Volume 5301

Abstract	Alcohol consumption often increases in times of stress such as disease outbreaks. Wisconsin has historically ranked as one of the heaviest drinking states in the United States with a persistent drinking culture. Few studies have documented the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol consumption after the first few months of the pandemic. The primary aim of this study is to identify factors related to changes in drinking at three timepoints during the first eighteen months of the pandemic. Survey data was collected from May to June 2020 (Wave 1), from January to February 2021 (Wave 2), and in June 2021 (Wave 3) among past participants of the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin. Study participants included 1290, 1868, and 1827 participants in each survey wave, respectively. Participants were asked how their alcohol consumption changed in each wave. Being younger, having anxiety, a bachelor’s degree or higher, having higher income, working remotely, and children in the home were significantly associated with increased drinking in all waves. Using logistic regression modeling, younger age was the most important predictor of increased alcohol consumption in each wave. Young adults in Wisconsin may be at higher risk for heavy drinking as these participants were more likely to increase alcohol use in all three surveys.
Keywords	alcohol consumption ; COVID-19 ; statewide sample ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Individual Nutrition Is Associated with Altered Gut Microbiome Composition for Adults with Food Insecurity.

Bixby, Moira / Gennings, Chris / Malecki, Kristen M C / Sethi, Ajay K / Safdar, Nasia / Peppard, Paul E / Eggers, Shoshannah

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 16

Abstract: Diet is widely recognized as a key contributor to human gut microbiome composition and function. However, overall nutrition can be difficult to compare across a population with varying diets. Moreover, the role of food security in the relationship with ... ...

Abstract	Diet is widely recognized as a key contributor to human gut microbiome composition and function. However, overall nutrition can be difficult to compare across a population with varying diets. Moreover, the role of food security in the relationship with overall nutrition and the gut microbiome is unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between personalized nutrition scores, variation in the adult gut microbiome, and modification by food insecurity. The data originate from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin and the Wisconsin Microbiome Study. Individual nutrition scores were assessed using My Nutrition Index (MNI), calculated using data from food frequency questionnaires, and additional health history and demographic surveys. Food security and covariate data were measured through self-reported questionnaires. The gut microbiome was assessed using 16S amplicon sequencing of DNA extracted from stool samples. Associations, adjusted for confounding and interaction by food security, were estimated using Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression models with Random Subset and Repeated Holdout extensions (WQSRSRH), with bacterial taxa used as components in the weighted index. Of 643 participants, the average MNI was 66.5 (SD = 31.9), and 22.8% of participants were food insecure. Increased MNI was significantly associated with altered gut microbial composition (β = 2.56, 95% CI = 0.52−4.61), with Ruminococcus, Oscillospira, and Blautia among the most heavily weighted of the 21 genera associated with the MNI score. In the stratified interaction WQSRSRH models, the bacterial taxa most heavily weighted in the association with MNI differed by food security, but the level of association between MNI and the gut microbiome was not significantly different. More bacterial genera are important in the association with higher nutrition scores for people with food insecurity versus food security, including Streptococcus, Parabacteroides Faecalibacterium, and Desulfovibrio. Individual nutrition scores are associated with differences in adult gut microbiome composition. The bacterial taxa most associated with nutrition vary by level of food security. While further investigation is needed, results showed a higher nutrition score was associated with a wider range of bacterial taxa for food insecure vs. secure, suggesting nutritional quality in food insecure individuals is important in maintaining health and reducing disparities.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Food Insecurity ; Food Supply ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14163407
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Article ; Online: Neighborhood Perceptions and Cumulative Impacts of Low Level Chronic Exposure to Fine Particular Matter (PM

Malecki, Kristen M C / Schultz, Amy A / Bergmans, Rachel S

International journal of environmental research and public health

2018 Volume 15, Issue 1

Abstract: Adverse perceptions of neighborhood safety, aesthetics and quality including access to resources can induce stress and may make individuals more sensitive to cardiopulmonary effects of air pollution exposure. Few studies have examined neighborhood ... ...

Abstract	Adverse perceptions of neighborhood safety, aesthetics and quality including access to resources can induce stress and may make individuals more sensitive to cardiopulmonary effects of air pollution exposure. Few studies have examined neighborhood perceptions as important and modifiable non-chemical stressors of the built environment that may exacerbate effects of air pollution on cardiopulmonary health outcomes, particularly among general population based cohorts. This study examined associations between low-level chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Residence Characteristics ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Wisconsin ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph15010084
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Article ; Online: Change in alcohol consumption during the Covid-19 pandemic and associations with mental health and financial hardship: results from a survey of Wisconsin patients with cancer.

Lawler, Thomas / Warren Andersen, Shaneda / Trentham-Dietz, Amy / Sethi, Ajay K / Tevaarwerk, Amye J / Malecki, Kristen M C / Litzelman, Kristin / Pophali, Priyanka A / Gangnon, Ronald E / Hampton, John M / Kwekkeboom, Kristine / LoConte, Noelle K

Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice

2023

Abstract: Purpose: Alcohol consumption increases health risks for patients with cancer. The Covid-19 pandemic may have affected drinking habits for these individuals. We surveyed patients with cancer to examine whether changes in drinking habits were related to ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Alcohol consumption increases health risks for patients with cancer. The Covid-19 pandemic may have affected drinking habits for these individuals. We surveyed patients with cancer to examine whether changes in drinking habits were related to mental health or financial effects of the pandemic. Methods: From October 2020 to April 2021, adult patients (age 18-80 years at diagnosis) treated for cancer in southcentral Wisconsin were invited to complete a survey. Age-adjusted percentages for history of anxiety or depression, emotional distress, and financial impacts of Covid-19 overall and by change in alcohol consumption (non-drinker, stable, decreased, or increased) were obtained via logistic regression. Results: In total, 1,875 patients were included in the analysis (median age 64, range 19-87 years), including 9% who increased and 23% who decreased drinking. Compared to stable drinkers (32% of sample), a higher proportion of participants who increased drinking alcohol also reported anxiety or depression (45% vs. 26%), moderate to severe emotional distress (61% vs. 37%) and viewing Covid-19 as a threat to their community (67% vs. 55%). Decreased (vs. stable) drinking was associated with higher prevalence of depression or anxiety diagnosis, emotional distress, and negative financial impacts of the pandemic. Compared to non-drinkers (36% of sample), participants who increased drinking were more likely to report emotional distress (61% vs. 48%). Conclusions: Patients with cancer from Wisconsin who changed their alcohol consumption during the Covid-19 pandemic were more likely to report poor mental health including anxiety, depression, and emotional distress than persons whose alcohol consumption was stable. Implications for cancer survivors: Clinicians working with cancer survivors should be aware of the link between poor mental health and increased alcohol consumption and be prepared to offer guidance or referrals to counseling, as needed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2388888-X
ISSN	1932-2267 ; 1932-2259
ISSN (online)	1932-2267
ISSN	1932-2259
DOI	10.1007/s11764-023-01502-1
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Article ; Online: Constructing Residential Histories in a General Population-Based Representative Sample.

Xu, Wei / Agnew, Megan / Kamis, Christina / Schultz, Amy / Salas, Sarah / Malecki, Kristen / Engelman, Michal

American journal of epidemiology

2023 Volume 193, Issue 2, Page(s) 348–359

Abstract: Research on neighborhoods and health typically measures neighborhood context at a single point in time. However, neighborhood exposures accumulate over the life course, influenced by both residential mobility and neighborhood change, with potential ... ...

Abstract	Research on neighborhoods and health typically measures neighborhood context at a single point in time. However, neighborhood exposures accumulate over the life course, influenced by both residential mobility and neighborhood change, with potential implications for estimating the impact of neighborhoods on health. Commercial databases offer fine-grained longitudinal residential address data that can enrich life-course spatial epidemiology research, and validated methods for reconstructing residential histories from these databases are needed. Our study draws on unique data from a geographically diverse, population-based representative sample of adult Wisconsin residents and the LexisNexis (New York, New York) Accurint, a commercial personal profile database, to develop a systematic and reliable methodology for constructing individual residential histories. Our analysis demonstrated that creating residential histories across diverse geographical contexts is feasible, and it highlights differences in the information obtained from available residential histories by age, education, race/ethnicity, and rural/urban/suburban residency. Researchers should consider potential address data availability and information biases favoring socioeconomically advantaged individuals and their implications for studying health inequalities. Despite these limitations, LexisNexis data can generate varied residential exposure metrics and be linked to contextual data to enrich research into the contextual determinants of health at varied geographic scales.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Residence Characteristics ; Ethnicity ; Population Dynamics ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Bias
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2937-3
ISSN	1476-6256 ; 0002-9262
ISSN (online)	1476-6256
ISSN	0002-9262
DOI	10.1093/aje/kwad188
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