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  1. Article ; Online: Critical Thinking: Creating Job-Proof Skills for the Future of Work.

    Dumitru, Daniela / Halpern, Diane F

    Journal of Intelligence

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 10

    Abstract: In this study, we explore the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the job market and argue for the growing importance of critical thinking skills in the face of job automation and changing work dynamics. Advancements in AI have the ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we explore the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the job market and argue for the growing importance of critical thinking skills in the face of job automation and changing work dynamics. Advancements in AI have the potential to disrupt various professions, including, for example, programming, legal work, and radiology. However, solely relying on AI systems can lead to errors and misjudgments, emphasizing the need for human oversight. The concept of "job-proof skills" is introduced, highlighting the importance of critical thinking, problem-solving, empathy, ethics, and other human attributes that machines cannot replicate with the same standards and agility. We maintain that critical thinking can be taught and learned through appropriate classroom instruction and transfer-focused approaches. The need for critical thinking skills is further reinforced by the influx of information and the spread of misinformation in the age of social media. Moreover, employers increasingly value critical thinking skills in their workforce, yet there exists a gap between the demand for these skills and the preparedness of college graduates. Critical thinking is not only essential for the future of work, but also for informed citizenship in an increasingly complex world. The potential impact of AI on job disruption, wages, and employment polarization is discussed, highlighting the correlation between jobs requiring critical thinking skills and their resistance to automation. We conclude by discussing collaborative efforts between universities and labor market organizations to adapt curricula and promote the development of critical thinking skills, drawing on examples from European initiatives. The need to prioritize critical thinking skills in education and address the evolving demands of the labor market is emphasized as a crucial step for navigating the future of work and opportunities for workers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2721035-2
    ISSN 2079-3200 ; 2079-3200
    ISSN (online) 2079-3200
    ISSN 2079-3200
    DOI 10.3390/jintelligence11100194
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Critical Thinking: A Model of Intelligence for Solving Real-World Problems.

    Halpern, Diane F / Dunn, Dana S

    Journal of Intelligence

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 2

    Abstract: Most theories of intelligence do not directly address the question of whether people with high intelligence can successfully solve real world problems. A high IQ is correlated with many important outcomes (e.g., academic prominence, reduced crime), but ... ...

    Abstract Most theories of intelligence do not directly address the question of whether people with high intelligence can successfully solve real world problems. A high IQ is correlated with many important outcomes (e.g., academic prominence, reduced crime), but it does not protect against cognitive biases, partisan thinking, reactance, or confirmation bias, among others. There are several newer theories that directly address the question about solving real-world problems. Prominent among them is Sternberg's adaptive intelligence with "adaptation to the environment" as the central premise, a construct that does not exist on standardized IQ tests. Similarly, some scholars argue that standardized tests of intelligence are not measures of rational thought-the sort of skill/ability that would be needed to address complex real-world problems. Other investigators advocate for critical thinking as a model of intelligence specifically designed for addressing real-world problems. Yes, intelligence (i.e., critical thinking) can be enhanced and used for solving a real-world problem such as COVID-19, which we use as an example of contemporary problems that need a new approach.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2721035-2
    ISSN 2079-3200 ; 2079-3200
    ISSN (online) 2079-3200
    ISSN 2079-3200
    DOI 10.3390/jintelligence9020022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Whither Psychology.

    Halpern, Diane F

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2017  Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 665–668

    Abstract: Contemporary psychology is experiencing tremendous growth in neuroscience, and there is every indication that it will continue to gain in popularity notwithstanding the scarcity of academic positions for newly minted Ph.Ds. Despite the general perception ...

    Abstract Contemporary psychology is experiencing tremendous growth in neuroscience, and there is every indication that it will continue to gain in popularity notwithstanding the scarcity of academic positions for newly minted Ph.Ds. Despite the general perception that brain correlates "explain" or "cause" the mind and behavior, these correlates have not yet proven useful in understanding psychological processes, although they offer the possibility of early identification of some disorders. Other recent developments in psychology include increased emphasis on applications and more global representation among researchers and participants. In thinking about the way we want psychology to evolve, psychologists need to pay more than lip service to the idea that complex questions in psychology require multiple levels of analysis with contributions from biological (brain, hormones, and genetics), individual differences and social and cultural perspectives. Early career psychologists who can attain a breadth of knowledge will be well-positioned for a team approach to psychological inquiry. Finally, I offer the belief that an emphasis on enhancing critical thinking skills at all levels of education offers the best hope for the future.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Knowledge ; Neurosciences ; Psychology/trends ; Research ; Research Personnel/psychology ; Thinking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/1745691616677097
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: It's Complicated-In Fact, It's Complex: Explaining the Gender Gap in Academic Achievement in Science and Mathematics.

    Halpern, Diane F

    Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society

    2014  Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 72–74

    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2160-0031
    ISSN (online) 2160-0031
    DOI 10.1177/1529100614548844
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Critical Thinking

    Diane F. Halpern / Dana S. Dunn

    Journal of Intelligence, Vol 9, Iss 22, p

    A Model of Intelligence for Solving Real-World Problems

    2021  Volume 22

    Abstract: Most theories of intelligence do not directly address the question of whether people with high intelligence can successfully solve real world problems. A high IQ is correlated with many important outcomes (e.g., academic prominence, reduced crime), but ... ...

    Abstract Most theories of intelligence do not directly address the question of whether people with high intelligence can successfully solve real world problems. A high IQ is correlated with many important outcomes (e.g., academic prominence, reduced crime), but it does not protect against cognitive biases, partisan thinking, reactance, or confirmation bias, among others. There are several newer theories that directly address the question about solving real-world problems. Prominent among them is Sternberg’s adaptive intelligence with “adaptation to the environment” as the central premise, a construct that does not exist on standardized IQ tests. Similarly, some scholars argue that standardized tests of intelligence are not measures of rational thought—the sort of skill/ability that would be needed to address complex real-world problems. Other investigators advocate for critical thinking as a model of intelligence specifically designed for addressing real-world problems. Yes, intelligence (i.e., critical thinking) can be enhanced and used for solving a real-world problem such as COVID-19, which we use as an example of contemporary problems that need a new approach.
    Keywords critical thinking ; intelligence ; real-world problems ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 401
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  6. Article ; Online: The Impact of Changing Norms on Creativity in Psychological Science.

    Wai, Jonathan / Halpern, Diane F

    Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science

    2018  Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 466–472

    Abstract: The open science or credibility revolution has divided psychologists on whether and how the "policy" change of preregistration and similar requirements will affect the quality and creativity of future research. We provide a brief history of how norms ... ...

    Abstract The open science or credibility revolution has divided psychologists on whether and how the "policy" change of preregistration and similar requirements will affect the quality and creativity of future research. We provide a brief history of how norms have rapidly changed and how news and social media are beginning to "disrupt" academic science. We note a variety of benefits, including more confidence in research findings, but there are possible costs as well, including a reduction in the number of studies conducted because of an increased workload required by new policies. We begin to craft a study to evaluate the short- and long-term impacts of these changing norms on creativity in psychological science, run into some possible roadblocks, and hope others will build on this idea. This policy change can be evaluated in the short term but will ultimately need to be evaluated decades from now. Long-term evaluations are rare, yet this is the ultimate measure of creative scientific advance. Our conclusion supports the goals and procedures for creating a more open science.
    MeSH term(s) Creativity ; Humans ; Psychology/methods ; Psychology/trends ; Reproducibility of Results ; Scholarly Communication
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2224911-4
    ISSN 1745-6924 ; 1745-6916
    ISSN (online) 1745-6924
    ISSN 1745-6916
    DOI 10.1177/1745691618773326
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Book ; Online: Critical Thinking Across the Curriculum

    Halpern, Diane F

    A Brief Edition of Thought & Knowledge

    2014  

    Abstract: Consider that many of the people who are alive today will be working at jobs that do not currently exist and that the explosion of information means that today's knowledge will quickly become outdated. As a result, two goals for education clearly emerge - ...

    Abstract Consider that many of the people who are alive today will be working at jobs that do not currently exist and that the explosion of information means that today's knowledge will quickly become outdated. As a result, two goals for education clearly emerge -- learning how to learn and how to think critically about information that changes at a rapid rate. We face a multitude of new challenges to our natural environment, difficult dilemmas concerning the use of weapons of mass destruction, political agendas for the distribution of scarce commodities and wealth, psychological problems of loneliness
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (293 p)
    Publisher Taylor and Francis
    Publishing place Hoboken
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Description based upon print version of record
    ISBN 9780805827309 ; 0805827307
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  8. Book: Sex differences in cognitive abilities

    Halpern, Diane F

    2012  

    Author's details Diane F. Halpern
    MeSH term(s) Cognition ; Sex Factors
    Language English
    Size xxii, 456 p. :, ill.
    Edition 4th ed.
    Publisher Psychology Press
    Publishing place New York
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9781848729407 ; 9781848729414 ; 9780203816530 ; 1848729405 ; 1848729413 ; 0203816536
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  9. Book ; Online: Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities

    Halpern, Diane F

    4th Edition

    2013  

    Abstract: This book critically examines research on the controversial topic of sex differences in cognitive abilities, with the aim of understanding where sex differences are found and where they are not. It can be used as a textbook, and also informs parents, ... ...

    Abstract This book critically examines research on the controversial topic of sex differences in cognitive abilities, with the aim of understanding where sex differences are found and where they are not. It can be used as a textbook, and also informs parents, teachers, and policymakers about the ways in the sexes are different and similar
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (481 p)
    Edition 4th ed
    Publisher Taylor and Francis
    Publishing place Hoboken
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Description based upon print version of record
    ISBN 9781848729407 ; 1848729405
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  10. Article ; Online: The new science of cognitive sex differences.

    Miller, David I / Halpern, Diane F

    Trends in cognitive sciences

    2014  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–45

    Abstract: Surprising new findings indicate that many conclusions about sex differences and similarities in cognitive abilities need to be reexamined. Cognitive sex differences are changing, decreasing for some tasks whereas remaining stable or increasing for other ...

    Abstract Surprising new findings indicate that many conclusions about sex differences and similarities in cognitive abilities need to be reexamined. Cognitive sex differences are changing, decreasing for some tasks whereas remaining stable or increasing for other tasks. Some sex differences are detected in infancy, but the data are complex and depend on task characteristics. Diverse disciplines have revolutionized our understanding of why these differences exist. For instance, fraternal-twin studies align with earlier literature to help establish the role of prenatal androgens and large international datasets help explain how cultural factors such as economic prosperity and gender equity affect females and males differently. Understanding how biological and environmental factors interact could help maximize cognitive potential and address pressing societal issues.
    MeSH term(s) Cognition/physiology ; Culture ; Female ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Characteristics
    Chemical Substances Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2010989-1
    ISSN 1879-307X ; 1364-6613
    ISSN (online) 1879-307X
    ISSN 1364-6613
    DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2013.10.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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