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Article ; Online: "Indole-gence" for the mind.

Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi / Castells-Nobau, Anna / Fernández-Real, José Manuel

2024 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 151–153

Abstract: Surging depression rates highlight the need for innovative strategies beyond the traditional focus on the brain. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Cheng et al. uncover a role for the gut microbiota in depression through the intestinal receptor Grp35 ... ...

Abstract	Surging depression rates highlight the need for innovative strategies beyond the traditional focus on the brain. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Cheng et al. uncover a role for the gut microbiota in depression through the intestinal receptor Grp35 and indole pathway, offering hope in fighting against depression.
MeSH term(s)	Microbiota ; Intestines ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Indoles/pharmacology ; Indoles/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Indoles
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2278004-X
ISSN	1934-6069 ; 1931-3128
ISSN (online)	1934-6069
ISSN	1931-3128
DOI	10.1016/j.chom.2024.01.006
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Zs.A 6578: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Proline-related metabolites: Towards biological diagnosis of depression.

Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi / Fernández-Real, José Manuel

Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences

2023 Volume 77, Issue 4, Page(s) 195

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Proline ; Depression/diagnosis
Chemical Substances	Proline (9DLQ4CIU6V)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1292906-2
ISSN	1440-1819 ; 1323-1316
ISSN (online)	1440-1819
ISSN	1323-1316
DOI	10.1111/pcn.13535
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Ui I Zs.238: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Iron: The silent culprit in your adipose tissue.

Moreno-Navarrete, José María / Fernández-Real, José Manuel

Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity

2023 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) e13647

Abstract: Iron plays a vital role in essential biological processes and requires precise regulation within the body. Dysregulation of iron homeostasis, characterized by increased serum ferritin levels and excessive accumulation of iron in the liver, adipose tissue, ...

Abstract	Iron plays a vital role in essential biological processes and requires precise regulation within the body. Dysregulation of iron homeostasis, characterized by increased serum ferritin levels and excessive accumulation of iron in the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle, is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Notably, iron excess in adipose tissue promotes adipose tissue dysfunction. As optimal adipose tissue function is crucial for maintaining a healthy phenotype in obesity, a comprehensive understanding of iron homeostasis in adipose tissue is imperative for designing new therapeutic approaches to improve and prevent adipose tissue dysfunction. Here, we conducted a review of relevant studies, focusing on and providing valuable insights into the intricate interplay between iron and adipose tissue. It sheds light on the impact of iron on adipogenesis and the physiology of both white and brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, we highlight the critical role of key modulators, such as cytosolic aconitase, mitochondria, and macrophages, in maintaining iron homeostasis within adipose tissue.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Iron ; Adipose Tissue ; Adipose Tissue, Brown ; Obesity/genetics ; Insulin Resistance ; Adipogenesis/physiology
Chemical Substances	Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2147980-X
ISSN	1467-789X ; 1467-7881
ISSN (online)	1467-789X
ISSN	1467-7881
DOI	10.1111/obr.13647
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Zs.A 5908: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Obesity wars: may the smell be with you.

López, Miguel / Fernández-Real, José Manuel / Tomarev, Stanislav I

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism

2023 Volume 324, Issue 6, Page(s) E569–E576

Abstract: Classically, the regulation of energy balance has been based on central and peripheral mechanisms sensing energy, nutrients, metabolites, and hormonal cues. Several cellular mechanisms at central level, such as hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase ( ... ...

Abstract	Classically, the regulation of energy balance has been based on central and peripheral mechanisms sensing energy, nutrients, metabolites, and hormonal cues. Several cellular mechanisms at central level, such as hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), integrate this information to elicit counterregulatory responses that control feeding, energy expenditure, and glucose homeostasis, among other processes. Recent data have added more complexity to the homeostatic regulation of metabolism by introducing, for example, the key role of "traditional" senses and sensorial information in this complicated network. In this regard, current evidence is showing that olfaction plays a key and bidirectional role in energy homeostasis. Although nutritional status dynamically and profoundly impacts olfactory sensitivity, the sense of smell is involved in food appreciation and selection, as well as in brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and substrate utilization, with some newly described actors, such as olfactomedin 2 (OLFM2), likely playing a major role. Thus, olfactory inputs are contributing to the regulation of both sides of the energy balance equation, namely, feeding and energy expenditure (EE), as well as whole body metabolism. Here, we will review the current knowledge and advances about the role of olfaction in the regulation of energy homeostasis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Smell ; Obesity/metabolism ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Thermogenesis
Chemical Substances	AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	603841-4
ISSN	1522-1555 ; 0193-1849
ISSN (online)	1522-1555
ISSN	0193-1849
DOI	10.1152/ajpendo.00040.2023
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Article ; Online: Metformin, Cognitive Function, and Changes in the Gut Microbiome.

Rosell-Díaz, Marisel / Fernández-Real, José Manuel

Endocrine reviews

2023 Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 210–226

Abstract: The decline in cognitive function and the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders are among the most serious threats to health in old age. The prevalence of dementia has reached 50 million people worldwide and has become a major public health problem. ... ...

Abstract	The decline in cognitive function and the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders are among the most serious threats to health in old age. The prevalence of dementia has reached 50 million people worldwide and has become a major public health problem. The causes of age-related cognitive impairment are multiple, complex, and difficult to determine. However, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to an enhanced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Human studies have shown that patients with T2D exhibit dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This dysbiosis may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and increased plasma lipopolysaccharide concentrations. Metformin medication mimics some of the benefits of calorie restriction and physical activity, such as greater insulin sensitivity and decreased cholesterol levels, and hence may also have a positive impact on aging in humans. According to recent human investigations, metformin might partially restore gut dysbiosis related to T2D. Likewise, some studies showed that metformin reduced the risk of dementia and improved cognition, although not all studies are concordant. Therefore, this review focused on those human studies describing the effects of metformin on the gut microbiome (specifically the changes in taxonomy, function, and circulating metabolomics), the changes in cognitive function, and their possible bidirectional implications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Metformin/pharmacology ; Metformin/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Dysbiosis/drug therapy ; Insulin Resistance ; Cognition ; Dementia/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Metformin (9100L32L2N)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603096-8
ISSN	1945-7189 ; 0163-769X
ISSN (online)	1945-7189
ISSN	0163-769X
DOI	10.1210/endrev/bnad029
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Zs.A 1562: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The role of iron in host-microbiota crosstalk and its effects on systemic glucose metabolism.

Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi / Moreno-Navarrete, José María / Fernández-Real, José Manuel

Nature reviews. Endocrinology

2022 Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) 683–698

Abstract: Iron is critical for the appearance and maintenance of life on Earth. Almost all organisms compete or cooperate for iron acquisition, demonstrating the importance of this essential element for the biological and physiological processes that are key for ... ...

Abstract	Iron is critical for the appearance and maintenance of life on Earth. Almost all organisms compete or cooperate for iron acquisition, demonstrating the importance of this essential element for the biological and physiological processes that are key for the preservation of metabolic homeostasis. In humans and other mammals, the bidirectional interactions between the bacterial component of the gut microbiota and the host for iron acquisition shape both host and microbiota metabolism. Bacterial functions influence host iron absorption, whereas the intake of iron, iron deficiency and iron excess in the host affect bacterial biodiversity, taxonomy and function, resulting in changes in bacterial virulence. These consequences of the host-microbial crosstalk affect systemic levels of iron, its storage in different tissues and host glucose metabolism. At the interface between the host and the microbiota, alterations in the host innate immune system and in circulating soluble factors that regulate iron (that is, hepcidin, lipocalin 2 and lactoferrin) are associated with metabolic disease. In fact, patients with obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance exhibit dysregulation in iron homeostasis and alterations in their gut microbiota profile. From an evolutionary point of view, the pursuit of two important nutrients - glucose and iron - has probably driven human evolution towards the most efficient pathways and genes for human survival and health.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Hepcidins/metabolism ; Humans ; Iron/metabolism ; Lactoferrin/metabolism ; Lipocalin-2/metabolism ; Microbiota
Chemical Substances	Hepcidins ; Lipocalin-2 ; Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; Lactoferrin (EC 3.4.21.-) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2489381-X
ISSN	1759-5037 ; 1759-5029
ISSN (online)	1759-5037
ISSN	1759-5029
DOI	10.1038/s41574-022-00721-3
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Zs.A 6336: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 93: Show issues

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Article: The Combined Partial Knockdown of

Latorre, Jessica / Aroca, Angeles / Fernández-Real, José Manuel / Romero, Luis C / Moreno-Navarrete, José María

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 11, Issue 6

Abstract: Recent studies in mice and humans demonstrated the relevance of ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies in mice and humans demonstrated the relevance of H
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox11061095
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Article ; Online: Is the jejunum the fulcrum of glucose metabolism?

Fernández-Real, Jose Manuel / Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi

Gut

2020 Volume 70, Issue 6, Page(s) 1005–1006

MeSH term(s)	Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Ileum ; Jejunum/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80128-8
ISSN	1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
ISSN (online)	1468-3288
ISSN	0017-5749
DOI	10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322662
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Zs.A 160: Show issues

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Article: Lysozyme Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Cells Sustains Expression of Adipogenic Genes and Adipocyte Differentiation.

Lluch, Aina / Latorre, Jessica / Fernández-Real, José Manuel / Moreno-Navarrete, José María

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) 914788

Abstract: Substantial levels of lysozyme in adipose tissue in association to obesity have been recently demonstrated in mice and humans. In addition, experiments in mice suggest that lysozyme might impact on adipose tissue adipogenesis. To further investigate the ... ...

Abstract	Substantial levels of lysozyme in adipose tissue in association to obesity have been recently demonstrated in mice and humans. In addition, experiments in mice suggest that lysozyme might impact on adipose tissue adipogenesis. To further investigate the relationship between lysozyme and adipogenesis, in the present study, we aimed to study lysozyme (Lyz2) during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and its possible role in adipogenesis. Time course experiment during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation indicated that
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2737824-X
ISSN	2296-634X
ISSN	2296-634X
DOI	10.3389/fcell.2022.914788
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Article ; Online: Excess adiposity and iron-deficient status in Colombian women of reproductive age.

Suarez-Ortegón, Milton Fabián / Ordoñez-Betancourth, Jenny Elizabeth / Ortega-Ávila, José Guillermo / Yibby Forero, Ana / Fernández-Real, José Manuel

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

2023 Volume 31, Issue 12, Page(s) 3025–3042

Abstract: Objective: Information about excess adiposity markers different from BMI and iron status is limited and more so about the shape of these associations. This study evaluated the relationship between three adiposity markers and iron-deficient status in ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Information about excess adiposity markers different from BMI and iron status is limited and more so about the shape of these associations. This study evaluated the relationship between three adiposity markers and iron-deficient status in reproductive-age women. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis in 6357 non-pregnant women from the Colombian nutritional health survey (ENSIN) 2010. Exposures were the following: waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (W-HtR), BMI, and WC > 80 cm, W-HtR > 0.5, and BMI ≥ 25 and ≥30. Outcomes were the following: iron deficiency (ID) as serum ferritin <15 μg/L, ID as ferritin <30 μg/L, anemia, and continuous values of ferritin and hemoglobin. Logistic and linear regressions adjusted for sociodemographic/inflammation covariates were conducted. Results: All the adiposity markers, continuous or categorical, were inversely and significantly associated with both ID thresholds in fully adjusted models (p < 0.05). W-HtR reported stronger effect estimates for ID (odds ratios < 0.5) and for prediction of log-ferritin levels (fully adjusted β-coefficient [95% CI] 0.61 [0.39-0.82], p < 0.01) and was also inversely associated with anemia (p < 0.05). In cubic splines analyses, W-HtR, WC, and BMI were linearly associated with ID from values closer to international thresholds of general or central obesity, and the patterns of WC and BMI tended toward flatness. A significant decline in the likelihood of anemia was steeper by increasing W-HtR than by increasing BMI. After exclusion of women with C reactive protein > 5 mg/L or adjustment for C reactive protein, adiposity markers remained significantly related to ferritin levels and W-HtR with anemia. Conclusions: Women with higher adiposity were less likely to have an iron-deficient status. W-HtR was the strongest and most consistently associated marker. Inflammation would not be involved in the associations found.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Iron ; Adiposity ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Body Mass Index ; Obesity/complications ; Anemia/epidemiology ; Anemia/complications ; Ferritins/metabolism ; Inflammation
Chemical Substances	Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Ferritins (9007-73-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2230457-5
ISSN	1930-739X ; 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
ISSN (online)	1930-739X
ISSN	1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
DOI	10.1002/oby.23871
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Zs.A 4061: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 87: Show issues

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