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  1. Article ; Online: Canada, global vaccine supply, and the TRIPS waiver : Le Canada, l'offre mondiale de vaccins et l'exemption ADPIC.

    Labonté, Ronald / Johri, Mira / Plamondon, Katrina / Murthy, Srinivas

    Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique

    2021  Volume 112, Issue 4, Page(s) 543–547

    MeSH term(s) Canada ; Global Health ; Humans ; Vaccines/supply & distribution
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 417262-0
    ISSN 1920-7476 ; 0008-4263
    ISSN (online) 1920-7476
    ISSN 0008-4263
    DOI 10.17269/s41997-021-00541-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Mediators of the Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review.

    Grubic, Nicholas / Hill, Braeden / Allan, Katherine S / Maximova, Katerina / Banack, Hailey R / Del Rios, Marina / Johri, Amer M

    The Canadian journal of cardiology

    2024  

    Abstract: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poor outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Patient characteristics, care processes, and other contextual factors may mediate the association between SES and survival after OHCA. ... ...

    Abstract Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poor outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Patient characteristics, care processes, and other contextual factors may mediate the association between SES and survival after OHCA. Interventions that target these mediating factors may reduce disparities in OHCA outcomes across the socioeconomic spectrum. This systematic review identified and quantified mediators of the SES-survival after OHCA association. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science) and grey literature sources were searched from inception to July or August 2023. Observational studies of OHCA patients that conducted mediation analyses to evaluate potential mediators of the association between SES (defined by income, education, occupation, or a composite index) and survival outcomes were included. A total of 10 studies were included in this review. Income (n = 9), education (n = 4), occupation (n = 1), and composite indices (n = 1) were used to define SES. The proportion of OHCA cases that had bystander involvement, presented with an initial shockable rhythm, and survived to hospital discharge or 30 days increased with higher SES. Common mediators of the SES-survival association that were evaluated included initial rhythm (n = 6), emergency medical services response time (n = 5), and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 4). Initial rhythm was the most important mediator of this association, with a median percent excess risk explained of 37.4% (range 28.6%-40.0%; n = 5; 1 study reported no mediation) and mediation proportion of 41.8% (n = 1). To mitigate socioeconomic disparities in outcomes after OHCA, interventions should target potentially modifiable mediators, such as initial rhythm, which may involve improving bystander awareness of OHCA and the need for prompt resuscitation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632813-1
    ISSN 1916-7075 ; 0828-282X
    ISSN (online) 1916-7075
    ISSN 0828-282X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.01.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: GeneAI 3.0: powerful, novel, generalized hybrid and ensemble deep learning frameworks for miRNA species classification of stationary patterns from nucleotides.

    Singh, Jaskaran / Khanna, Narendra N / Rout, Ranjeet K / Singh, Narpinder / Laird, John R / Singh, Inder M / Kalra, Mannudeep K / Mantella, Laura E / Johri, Amer M / Isenovic, Esma R / Fouda, Mostafa M / Saba, Luca / Fatemi, Mostafa / Suri, Jasjit S

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 7154

    Abstract: Due to the intricate relationship between the small non-coding ribonucleic acid (miRNA) sequences, the classification of miRNA species, namely Human, Gorilla, Rat, and Mouse is challenging. Previous methods are not robust and accurate. In this study, we ... ...

    Abstract Due to the intricate relationship between the small non-coding ribonucleic acid (miRNA) sequences, the classification of miRNA species, namely Human, Gorilla, Rat, and Mouse is challenging. Previous methods are not robust and accurate. In this study, we present AtheroPoint's GeneAI 3.0, a powerful, novel, and generalized method for extracting features from the fixed patterns of purines and pyrimidines in each miRNA sequence in ensemble paradigms in machine learning (EML) and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (EDL) frameworks. GeneAI 3.0 utilized five conventional (Entropy, Dissimilarity, Energy, Homogeneity, and Contrast), and three contemporary (Shannon entropy, Hurst exponent, Fractal dimension) features, to generate a composite feature set from given miRNA sequences which were then passed into our ML and DL classification framework. A set of 11 new classifiers was designed consisting of 5 EML and 6 EDL for binary/multiclass classification. It was benchmarked against 9 solo ML (SML), 6 solo DL (SDL), 12 hybrid DL (HDL) models, resulting in a total of 11 + 27 = 38 models were designed. Four hypotheses were formulated and validated using explainable AI (XAI) as well as reliability/statistical tests. The order of the mean performance using accuracy (ACC)/area-under-the-curve (AUC) of the 24 DL classifiers was: EDL > HDL > SDL. The mean performance of EDL models with CNN layers was superior to that without CNN layers by 0.73%/0.92%. Mean performance of EML models was superior to SML models with improvements of ACC/AUC by 6.24%/6.46%. EDL models performed significantly better than EML models, with a mean increase in ACC/AUC of 7.09%/6.96%. The GeneAI 3.0 tool produced expected XAI feature plots, and the statistical tests showed significant p-values. Ensemble models with composite features are highly effective and generalized models for effectively classifying miRNA sequences.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Rats ; MicroRNAs ; Nucleotides ; Deep Learning ; Reproducibility of Results ; Area Under Curve
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs ; Nucleotides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-56786-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: A Patient With Miller Fisher Syndrome With Positive GQ1b and Aquaporin-4 Antibodies: Will There Be an Aquaporin-4 Antibody Associated Disorder?

    Aylia, Fatin / Johri, Karn / Spencer, Riley / Chu, David / Deriss, Mehron / Peng, Davin / Eskenazi, Jonathan / Liu, Antonio K

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e43428

    Abstract: There have been many advancements in the field of neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder since the discovery of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. It is also recognized that the pathological ... ...

    Abstract There have been many advancements in the field of neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder since the discovery of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. It is also recognized that the pathological features associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies are beyond the domain of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and there is a separate nomenclature, namely myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease. Currently, there is no aquaporin-4 antibody associated disorder, even though aquaporin-4 antibodies are not as widely present in other disorders.  Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a variant of Guillain Barré syndrome, in which there are positive GQ1b antibodies with no evidence of myelitis or optic neuritis. MFS is not considered a component of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. We report on a patient with MFS that was positive for GQ1b and aquaporin-4 antibodies but negative for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies and is devoid of any features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. This finding may lead to investigations and reports of other pathologies that are associated with the aquaporin-4 antibody.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.43428
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: New-age vaccine adjuvants, their development, and future perspective.

    Verma, Shailendra Kumar / Mahajan, Pooja / Singh, Nikhlesh K / Gupta, Ankit / Aggarwal, Rupesh / Rappuoli, Rino / Johri, Atul Kumar

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1043109

    Abstract: In the present scenario, immunization is of utmost importance as it keeps us safe and protects us from infectious agents. Despite the great success in the field of vaccinology, there is a need to not only develop safe and ideal vaccines to fight deadly ... ...

    Abstract In the present scenario, immunization is of utmost importance as it keeps us safe and protects us from infectious agents. Despite the great success in the field of vaccinology, there is a need to not only develop safe and ideal vaccines to fight deadly infections but also improve the quality of existing vaccines in terms of partial or inconsistent protection. Generally, subunit vaccines are known to be safe in nature, but they are mostly found to be incapable of generating the optimum immune response. Hence, there is a great possibility of improving the potential of a vaccine in formulation with novel adjuvants, which can effectively impart superior immunity. The vaccine(s) in formulation with novel adjuvants may also be helpful in fighting pathogens of high antigenic diversity. However, due to the limitations of safety and toxicity, very few human-compatible adjuvants have been approved. In this review, we mainly focus on the need for new and improved vaccines; the definition of and the need for adjuvants; the characteristics and mechanisms of human-compatible adjuvants; the current status of vaccine adjuvants, mucosal vaccine adjuvants, and adjuvants in clinical development; and future directions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adjuvants, Vaccine ; Vaccines ; Immunization ; Vaccination ; Adjuvants, Immunologic
    Chemical Substances Adjuvants, Vaccine ; Vaccines ; Adjuvants, Immunologic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1043109
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Cuminum cyminum and Carum carvi: An update.

    Johri, R K

    Pharmacognosy reviews

    2010  Volume 5, Issue 9, Page(s) 63–72

    Abstract: Cuminum cyminum and Carum carvi are the sources of cumin and caraway seeds respectively, which have been used since antiquity for the treatment of various indications in traditional healing systems in wide geographical areas. Cumin and caraway seeds are ... ...

    Abstract Cuminum cyminum and Carum carvi are the sources of cumin and caraway seeds respectively, which have been used since antiquity for the treatment of various indications in traditional healing systems in wide geographical areas. Cumin and caraway seeds are rich sources of essential oils and have been actively researched for their chemical composition and biological activities. In recent times (especially during the last 3 years) considerable progress has been made regarding validation of their acclaimed medicinal attributes by extensive experimental studies. In this attempt many novel bioactivities have been revealed. This review highlights the significance of cumin and caraway as potential source of diverse natural products and their medicinal applications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08-28
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2566714-2
    ISSN 0976-2787 ; 0976-2787
    ISSN (online) 0976-2787
    ISSN 0976-2787
    DOI 10.4103/0973-7847.79101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Influence of tillage and fertilizer management practices on productivity and resource use efficiency of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Thar Desert of Rajasthan

    TANUJA POONIA / S M KUMAWAT / S R BHUNIA / S K JOHRI

    The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 92, Iss

    2022  Volume 3

    Abstract: Conventional tillage practices in Thar Desert of Rajasthan are posing a serious threat of natural resource degradation due to soil erosion induced by high temperature and winds. A 2-year study was conducted to explore the efficient tillage and nutrient ... ...

    Abstract Conventional tillage practices in Thar Desert of Rajasthan are posing a serious threat of natural resource degradation due to soil erosion induced by high temperature and winds. A 2-year study was conducted to explore the efficient tillage and nutrient management practices evaluate the effects of these practices on groundnut crop performance and resource use efficiency. It consisted 18 treatment combinations; 3 tillage practices, viz. T1 - minimum tillage, T2 - deep tillage, and T3 - conventional tillage main plots; and six fertilizer management practices, viz. F0 - no fertilization, F1 -recommended dose of NK fertilizer, F2 - recommended dose of NPK fertilizer (RDF), F3 - RDF + PSB @2.5 kg/ha, F4 - F3+ AMF @2 kg/ha, and F5 - F3+ AMF @4 kg/ha as sub plots. The highest LAI, crop growth rate and relative growth rate was recorded with deep tillage (T2) and F5 treatment combination. Deep tillage (T2) produced significant at par yields (pod and haulm) with conventional tillage (2981 and 4878 kg/ha). Higher water use efficiency of 4.72% and 13.25% were recorded with T3 compared to T2 and T1, respectively. Fertilizer management practices F5 and F4 recorded significantly at par and higher yields (pod, kernel, haulm and biological) compared to other combinations. The F5 treatment notable increased 16.7% and 90.2% water and nutrient use efficiency over RDF (6.69 kg/ha mm and 14.95 kg/kg), respectively. In Thar Desert, deep tillage along with chemical fertilizers and bio-inoculants found best management practices in terms of productivity and resource use efficiency.
    Keywords Fertilizer management ; Groundnut ; Resource use efficiencies ; Tillage ; Yield ; Agriculture ; S
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Indian Council of Agricultural Research
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Deep learning approach for cardiovascular disease risk stratification and survival analysis on a Canadian cohort.

    Bhagawati, Mrinalini / Paul, Sudip / Mantella, Laura / Johri, Amer M / Laird, John R / Singh, Inder M / Singh, Rajesh / Garg, Deepak / Fouda, Mostafa M / Khanna, Narendra N / Cau, Riccardo / Abraham, Ajith / Al-Maini, Mostafa / Isenovic, Esma R / Sharma, Aditya M / Fernandes, Jose Fernandes E / Chaturvedi, Seemant / Karla, Mannudeep K / Nicolaides, Andrew /
    Saba, Luca / Suri, Jasjit S

    The international journal of cardiovascular imaging

    2024  

    Abstract: The quantification of carotid plaque has been routinely used to predict cardiovascular risk in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). To determine how well carotid plaque features predict the likelihood of CAD and cardiovascular ( ...

    Abstract The quantification of carotid plaque has been routinely used to predict cardiovascular risk in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). To determine how well carotid plaque features predict the likelihood of CAD and cardiovascular (CV) events using deep learning (DL) and compare against the machine learning (ML) paradigm. The participants in this study consisted of 459 individuals who had undergone coronary angiography, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, and focused carotid B-mode ultrasound. Each patient was tracked for thirty days. The measurements on these patients consisted of maximum plaque height (MPH), total plaque area (TPA), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and intraplaque neovascularization (IPN). CAD risk and CV event stratification were performed by applying eight types of DL-based models. Univariate and multivariate analysis was also conducted to predict the most significant risk predictors. The DL's model effectiveness was evaluated by the area-under-the-curve measurement while the CV event prediction was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazard model (CPHM) and compared against the DL-based concordance index (c-index). IPN showed a substantial ability to predict CV events (p < 0.0001). The best DL system improved by 21% (0.929 vs. 0.762) over the best ML system. DL-based CV event prediction showed a ~ 17% increase in DL-based c-index compared to the CPHM (0.86 vs. 0.73). CAD and CV incidents were linked to IPN and carotid imaging characteristics. For survival analysis and CAD prediction, the DL-based system performs superior to ML-based models.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2055311-0
    ISSN 1875-8312 ; 1573-0743 ; 1569-5794 ; 0167-9899
    ISSN (online) 1875-8312 ; 1573-0743
    ISSN 1569-5794 ; 0167-9899
    DOI 10.1007/s10554-024-03100-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Effect of some phytoconstituents on Fe2+/ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation.

    Najar, I A / Singh, G D / Javed, S / Johri, R K

    Indian journal of experimental biology

    2018  Volume 54, Issue 12, Page(s) 851–855

    Abstract: Transition metals like iron and copper, present inside the body system play a key role in the production of reactive oxygen radicals. These free radicals, causative agents of lipid peroxidation, not only damage proteins and DNA but also gradually changes ...

    Abstract Transition metals like iron and copper, present inside the body system play a key role in the production of reactive oxygen radicals. These free radicals, causative agents of lipid peroxidation, not only damage proteins and DNA but also gradually changes the cellular membrane structure and ultimately leads to the loss of function and integrity. Uncontrolled lipid peroxidation results in various age related diseases, malignancy, infective diseases and injuries. Antioxidants and other phytochemical constituents present in the various plants are known to protect cells from such reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damages. Here, we evaluated the effect of certain phytoconstituents present in the well-known medicinal plants on ROS scavenging using rat liver homogenate. The basal lipid peroxidation was found to be 0.1625±0.0095 ngMDA/min/mg protein, which got induced to 0.7938±0.0478 ngMDA/min/mg protein in the presence of Fe2+/ascorbate system. In this context, acteoside, berberine, catechin, 3´5-dihydroxyflavone7-o-ß-D-galacturonide-4-o-ß-D-glucopyranoside (a flavonoid glycoside from cumin), silibin and tetrahydrocurcumin decreased both basal and Fe2+/ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation as determined by thiobarbituric acid reaction. On the other hand, agnuside, andrographolide, picroside-I, negunoside, oleanolic acid, and glycerrihizin, showed enhancement in both basal and induced lipid peroxidation. Phytoconstituents which have decreased both basal and Fe2+/ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation may act as defensive against the deadly effects of ROS, causative agents of lipid peroxidation and other diseases either alone or in combination with diet/nutritional supplements.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antioxidants ; Ascorbic Acid ; Free Radicals ; Iron/metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; Rats
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Free Radicals ; Plant Extracts ; Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-13
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 416061-7
    ISSN 0975-1009 ; 0019-5189
    ISSN (online) 0975-1009
    ISSN 0019-5189
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Female Risk Factors for Post-Infarction Depression and Anxiety: Trial Design.

    Liblik, Kiera / Hu, Ricky / Mensour, Emma A / Foldes-Busque, Guillaume / Sedlak, Tara / Udell, Jacob / Mulvagh, Sharon L / Johri, Amer M

    Cardiology

    2022  Volume 148, Issue 1, Page(s) 12–19

    Abstract: Introduction: Female patients are at elevated risk for adverse mental health outcomes following hospital admission for ischemic heart disease. These psychosocial characteristics are correlated with unacceptably higher rates of cardiovascular (CV) ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Female patients are at elevated risk for adverse mental health outcomes following hospital admission for ischemic heart disease. These psychosocial characteristics are correlated with unacceptably higher rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Guidelines to address mental health following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can only be developed with the aid of studies elucidating which subgroups of female patients are at the highest risk.
    Methods/design: The Female Risk factors for post-Infarction Depression and Anxiety (FRIDA) Study is a prospective multicenter questionnaire-based study of female participants admitted to hospital with ACS. Data are collected within 72 h of admission as well as at 3 and 6 months. At baseline, participants complete a sociodemographic questionnaire, social support survey, and Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS). Follow-up will consist of a demographic questionnaire, HADS, changes to health status, and quality of life indicators. Statistical analysis will include descriptive and inferential methods to observe baseline distributions and significance between groups.
    Discussion/conclusion: Our primary outcome is to determine if specific CV and sociodemographic factors correlate with increased depression and anxiety scores (HADS-D >7; HADS-A >7) at baseline. Our secondary aim is to determine if increased HADS scores at baseline and follow-up correlate with 3 and 6-month health and quality of life outcomes. A total of 2,000 patients will be enrolled across seven study sites. The aim of the FRIDA Study is to understand which groups of female patients have the highest rates of depression and anxiety following ACS to better inform care.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Depression ; Quality of Life ; Prospective Studies ; Anxiety/etiology ; Anxiety/psychology ; Myocardial Infarction ; Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80092-2
    ISSN 1421-9751 ; 0008-6312
    ISSN (online) 1421-9751
    ISSN 0008-6312
    DOI 10.1159/000528386
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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