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  1. Article: National Survey on bladder and bowel dysfunctions in Autism Spectrum Disorder population.

    Gubbiotti, Marilena / Balzarro, Matteo / Zoccante, Leonardo / Di Gennaro, Gianfranco / Marchiafava, Moreno / Bedetti, Chiara / Rubilotta, Emanuele

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1140113

    Abstract: Introduction: To evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and bowel disorders in a population of young subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ADS) by a national survey and to assess the relationship between the occurrence, frequency, and type of ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: To evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and bowel disorders in a population of young subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ADS) by a national survey and to assess the relationship between the occurrence, frequency, and type of LUTS and the severity of behavioral and neuropsychiatric characteristics.
    Materials and methods: A survey on LUTS and bowel disorders in the ASD population was sent by mail and social media through the main Italian Associations of ASD between February and September 2022. The correlation between LUTS and ASD severity was also assessed.
    Results: The survey was completed by 502 subjects with a mean age of 16.6 years ± 10 years: male participants were 413 (mean age: 16.5 years ± 9.8 years), while female participants 89 (mean age: 17.2 years ± 10.9 years). ADS severity was found low in 29.9%, moderate in 27.1%, and severe in 43%. LUTS were reported by 77.1%, storage symptoms in 51.4%, and voiding symptoms in 60.6%. Urinary incontinence was reported by 12.5%. Enuresis was reported by 14.3% (72/502) of the respondents: primary enuresis in 70.8% (51/72), secondary in the remaining. Pads were used by 40 subjects with a median of 2.9 pads/day (range, 0-8). A toilet training program was performed by 61 of the respondents, with satisfactory results in 40/61 (65.6%). A significant correlation was found between greater ASD severity and higher LUTS rates. The mean VAS score on the impact of LUTS on family relationships was 2 ± 2.9. Regular bowel function was reported by 57.4% (288/502) of the respondents, while increased daily defecations were present in 11.2% (56/502), constipation in 31.5% (158/502), and fecal incontinence in 7.9% (40/502).
    Conclusion: This survey demonstrated that LUTS are very common in the young ASD population and that the prevalence of urinary symptoms is related to higher severity of the ASD condition. Bowel disorders are often associated with urinary symptoms and dysfunctions. Urologists should be aware of the frequent occurrence of urological disorders and symptoms in individuals with ASD and should be involved in their clinical management in a multidisciplinary team that cares for these people.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1140113
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: How much do children with disabilities participate in Clinical Trials? A Scoping review.

    Camanni, Guido / Ciccone, Ornella / Lepri, Alessandro / Tinarelli, Chiara / Bedetti, Chiara / Elisei, Sandro

    Psychiatria Danubina

    2023  Volume 35, Issue Suppl 3, Page(s) 11–16

    Abstract: Background: Children with disabilities (CWDs) are often excluded from scientific research, but no precise data are available on their participation in Clinical Trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rates of exclusion of CWDs from recent ... ...

    Abstract Background: Children with disabilities (CWDs) are often excluded from scientific research, but no precise data are available on their participation in Clinical Trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rates of exclusion of CWDs from recent medical research.
    Subjects and methods: The protocol of the study was designed according to Prisma-ScR guidelines. All completed interventional Clinical Trials registered on Clinicaltrials.gov between 2010 and 2020 related to the Leading 10 Level 3 causes of global Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for both sexes combined for all ages of the updated Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were analysed. The exclusion criteria were considered explicit if related to the following categories: disability, physical impairment, cognitive impairment, behavioural or psychiatric disorders, language and communication impairment, sensory impairment. Any generic or poorly specified exclusion criteria or statements that left wide discretion to researchers were considered "implicit exclusion criteria". We assessed the appropriateness of explicit exclusion criteria in relation to the primary objectives of the trials and labelled them as "absolute", "relative", or "questionable".
    Results: The trials selected according to the inclusion criteria of the scoping review were 328; 166 (50.6%) were pediatric-only studies, and 162 (49.4%) trials comprising subjects of all ages. Explicit exclusion criteria were found in 82 trials (25%) and the disability category most frequently excluded was "Behavioural or psychiatric disorders" present in 46 trials (56.1%). Explicit exclusion criteria were considered "relative" in over 90% of the selected studies. Implicit exclusion criteria were present in 153 trials (46.6%) and the number and percentage of studies with at least one explicit or implicit exclusion criterion were 193 and 58.8% respectively.
    Conclusions: This study highlights a high rate of exclusion of CWDs from medical research and the need for an inclusive approach that comprises the study design and any necessary adaptations for specific needs.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; Disabled Children ; Biomedical Research ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country Croatia
    Document type Systematic Review ; Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1067580-2
    ISSN 0353-5053
    ISSN 0353-5053
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Elephant rewilding affects landscape openness and fauna habitat across a 92-year period.

    Gordon, Christopher E / Greve, Michelle / Henley, Michelle / Bedetti, Anka / Allin, Paul / Svenning, Jens-Christian

    Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America

    2023  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) e2810

    Abstract: ... of 17 habitat attributes (e.g., floristic diversity and cover, ground wood, tree hollows) across five ... some habitat attributes (e.g., large-sized tree hollows) but negatively associated with others (e.g., large ...

    Abstract Trophic rewilding aims to promote biodiverse self-sustaining ecosystems through the restoration of ecologically important taxa and the trophic interactions and cascades they propagate. How rewilding effects manifest across broad temporal scales will determine ecosystem states; however, our understanding of post-rewilding dynamics across longer time periods is limited. Here we show that the restoration of a megaherbivore, the African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana), promotes landscape openness (i.e., various measures of vegetation composition/complexity) and modifies fauna habitat and that these effects continue to manifest up to 92 years after reintroduction. We conducted a space-for-time floristic survey and assessment of 17 habitat attributes (e.g., floristic diversity and cover, ground wood, tree hollows) across five comparable nature reserves in South African savannah, where elephants were reintroduced between 1927 and 2003, finding that elephant reintroduction time was positively correlated with landscape openness and some habitat attributes (e.g., large-sized tree hollows) but negatively associated with others (e.g., large-sized coarse woody debris). We then indexed elephant site occurrence between 2006 and 2018 using telemetry data and found positive associations between site occurrence and woody plant densities. Taken alongside the longer-term space-for-time survey, this suggests that elephants are attracted to dense vegetation in the short term and that this behavior increases landscape openness in the long term. Our results suggest that trophic rewilding with elephants helps promote a semi-open ecosystem structure of high importance for African biodiversity. More generally, our results suggest that megafauna restoration represents a promising tool to curb Earth's recent ecological losses and highlights the importance of considering long-term ecological responses when designing and managing rewilding projects.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ecosystem ; Elephants ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Biodiversity ; Trees
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1074505-1
    ISSN 1939-5582 ; 1051-0761
    ISSN (online) 1939-5582
    ISSN 1051-0761
    DOI 10.1002/eap.2810
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: 'Being disabled' as an exclusion criterion for clinical trials: a scoping review.

    Camanni, Guido / Ciccone, Ornella / Lepri, Alessandro / Tinarelli, Chiara / Bedetti, Chiara / Cicuttin, Sandra / Murgia, Nicola / Elisei, Sandro

    BMJ global health

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 11

    Abstract: Background: People with disabilities (PWDs) are often excluded from biomedical research, but comprehensive data regarding their participation in clinical trials are not available. The objective of this study was to assess the rates of exclusion of PWDs ... ...

    Abstract Background: People with disabilities (PWDs) are often excluded from biomedical research, but comprehensive data regarding their participation in clinical trials are not available. The objective of this study was to assess the rates of exclusion of PWDs from recent medical scientific research.
    Methods: The protocol of the study was designed according to PRISMA-ScR (PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. All completed interventional clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov between 2010 and 2020 regarding the 10 leading causes of global disability-adjusted life-years according to the Global Burden of Disease Study were analysed. An exclusion criterion from the study was considered explicit if it could be associated with one of the following seven categories: disability, physical impairment, cognitive impairment, behavioural or psychiatric disorders, language and communication impairment, sensory impairment. Comorbidities not more clearly defined and researcher discretion regarding exclusion of study participants were considered to be 'implicit exclusion criteria'. We assessed the appropriateness of explicit exclusion criteria in relation to the primary objectives of the trials and labelled them as 'absolute', 'relative' or 'questionable'.
    Results: The total number of trials analysed was 2710; 170 were paediatric trials (6.3%), 2374 were adult trials (87.6%) and 166 were trials including subjects of all ages (6.1%). Explicit exclusion criteria were found in 958 trials (35.3%). The disability category most frequently excluded was behavioural or psychiatric disorders, present in 588 trials (61.4%). In only 3% and 1% of the trials, the exclusion criteria were considered either 'absolute' or 'questionable', while in 96% the exclusion criteria were judged as 'relative'. Implicit exclusion criteria were present in 1205 trials (44.5%).
    Conclusions: This study highlights the high rate of exclusion of PWDs from biomedical research and the widespread use of ill-defined exclusion criteria in clinical trials. It underscores the importance of more inclusive study designs so that PWDs can become active participants in research.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Disabled Persons ; Patient Selection ; Clinical Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ISSN 2059-7908
    ISSN 2059-7908
    DOI 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013473
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Early Skin-to-Skin Contact in Preterm Infants: Is It Safe? An Italian Experience.

    Bedetti, Luca / Lugli, Licia / Bertoncelli, Natascia / Spaggiari, Eugenio / Garetti, Elisabetta / Lucaccioni, Laura / Cipolli, Federica / Berardi, Alberto

    Children (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 3

    Abstract: ... with a gestational age of ≤33 weeks and a birth weight of <2000 g were monitored while performing an SSC session during ... 1131 g (range 631-2206 g), respectively. We found that 77% of infants were on respiratory support and ...

    Abstract Background: Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is one of the four components of kangaroo care (KC) and is also a valued alternative to incubators in low-income countries. SSC has also become a standard of care in high-income countries because of its short- and long-term benefits and its positive effect on infant growth and neurodevelopmental outcome. However, barriers in the implementation of SSC, especially with preterm infants, are common in NICUs because parents and health care professionals can perceive it as potentially risky for the clinical stability of preterm infants. Previous studies have assessed safety before and during SSC by monitoring vital parameters during short-time intervals.
    Aims: To demonstrate the safety of early SSC in preterm infants during at least 90 min intervals.
    Design: Prospective observational monocentric study.
    Methods: Preterm infants born between June 2018 and June 2020 with a gestational age of ≤33 weeks and a birth weight of <2000 g were monitored while performing an SSC session during the first three weeks of life. Infants with necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and congenital malformations on mechanical ventilation or with more than five apneas in the hour before SSC were excluded. Continuous oxygen saturation (SaO2), heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR) were registered during an SSC session and in the hour before. The minimum duration of an SSC session was 90 min. Information regarding postmenstrual age (PMA), body weight, respiratory support, presence of a central venous catheter and the onset of sepsis within 72 h after a session was collected. Two physicians, blinded to infant conditions and the period of analysis (before or during SSC), evaluated desaturation episodes (SaO2 < 85%, >15 s), bradycardia (HR < 100, >15 s) and apneas (pause in breathing > 20 s associated with desaturation and/or bradycardia). A Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for the statistical analysis.
    Results: In total, 83 episodes of SSC were analyzed for a total of 38 infants. The mean gestational age at birth was 29 weeks (range 23-33 weeks). Median PMA, days of life, and body weight at SSC were 31 weeks (range 25-34 weeks), 10 days (range 1-20 days), and 1131 g (range 631-2206 g), respectively. We found that 77% of infants were on respiratory support and 47% of them had a central venous catheter (umbilical or peripherally inserted central catheter) during SSC. The total duration of desaturation, bradycardia, and the number of apneas were not statistically different during the SSC session and the hour before. No catheter dislocation or ruptures were reported.
    Conclusions: These findings highlighted the safety of early SSC in preterm infants and the possibility of performing it in an intensive care setting in the first weeks of life. In addition, these findings should reassure health care professionals offering this practice as a standard of care. SSC plays a key role in the care of preterm infants due to its short- and long-term positive benefits, and it deserves to be increasingly offered to infants and their parents.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2732685-8
    ISSN 2227-9067
    ISSN 2227-9067
    DOI 10.3390/children10030570
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Neurodevelopmental Outcome after Culture-Proven or So-Called Culture-Negative Sepsis in Preterm Infants.

    Bedetti, Luca / Corso, Lucia / Miselli, Francesca / Guidotti, Isotta / Toffoli, Carlotta / Miglio, Rossella / Roversi, Maria Federica / Muttini, Elisa Della Casa / Pugliese, Marisa / Bertoncelli, Natascia / Zini, Tommaso / Mazzotti, Sofia / Lugli, Licia / Lucaccioni, Laura / Berardi, Alberto

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 4

    Abstract: ... with birth weight < 1500 g and/or gestational age ≤ 30 weeks. Short-term outcomes, brain MRI findings, and severe ...

    Abstract (1) Background: Prematurity is a serious condition associated with long-term neurological disability. This study aimed to compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm neonates with or without sepsis. (2) Methods: This single-center retrospective case-control study included infants with birth weight < 1500 g and/or gestational age ≤ 30 weeks. Short-term outcomes, brain MRI findings, and severe functional disability (SFD) at age 24 months were compared between infants with culture-proven or culture-negative sepsis or without sepsis. A chi-squared test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the clinical and instrumental characteristics and the outcomes between cases and controls. (3) Results: Infants with sepsis (all sepsis n = 76; of which culture-proven n = 33 and culture-negative n = 43) were matched with infants without sepsis (n = 76). Compared with infants without sepsis, both all sepsis and culture-proven sepsis were associated with SFD. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, SFD was associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (OR 4.7, CI 1.7-13.1,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm13041140
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Ultrasound-Guided Centrally Inserted Central Catheter (CICC) Placement in Newborns: A Safe Clinical Training Program in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

    Zini, Tommaso / Corso, Lucia / Mazzi, Cinzia / Baraldi, Cecilia / Nieddu, Elisa / Rinaldi, Laura / Miselli, Francesca / Bedetti, Luca / Spaggiari, Eugenio / Rossi, Katia / Berardi, Alberto / Lugli, Licia / On Behalf Of The Cvc Study Group

    Children (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 4

    Abstract: ... weeks, IQR 26-40; median birth weight 1200 g, IQR 622-2930). Three of the six neonatologists (50 ...

    Abstract Background: Centrally inserted central catheters (CICCs) are increasingly used in neonatal care. CICCs have garnered attention and adoption owing to their advantageous features. Therefore, achieving clinical competence in ultrasound-guided CICC insertion in term and preterm infants is of paramount importance for neonatologists. A safe clinical training program should include theoretical teaching and clinical practice, simulation and supervised CICC insertions.
    Methods: We planned a training program for neonatologists for ultrasound-guided CICCs placement at our level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Modena, Italy. In this single-centre prospective observational study, we present the preliminary results of a 12-month training period. Two paediatric anaesthesiologists participated as trainers, and a multidisciplinary team was established for continuing education, consisting of neonatologists, nurses, and anaesthesiologists. We detail the features of our training program and present the modalities of CICC placement in newborns.
    Results: The success rate of procedures was 100%. In 80.5% of cases, the insertion was obtained at the first ultrasound-guided venipuncture. No procedure-related complications occurred in neonates (median gestational age 36 weeks, IQR 26-40; median birth weight 1200 g, IQR 622-2930). Three of the six neonatologists (50%) who participated in the clinical training program have achieved good clinical competence. One of them has acquired the necessary skills to in turn supervise other colleagues.
    Conclusions: Our ongoing clinical training program was safe and effective. Conducting the program within the NICU contributes to the implementation of medical and nursing skills of the entire staff.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2732685-8
    ISSN 2227-9067
    ISSN 2227-9067
    DOI 10.3390/children11040395
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Conference proceedings: Robotisch- assistierte Resektion einer bronchogenen Zyste bei kompletter Perikardagenesie

    Russo, M D / Schnorr, P / Torres, G / Zalepugas, D / Feodorovici, P / Schmidt, J / Bedetti, B

    Zentralblatt für Chirurgie - Zeitschrift für Allgemeine, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie

    2023  Volume 148, Issue S 01

    Event/congress 32. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Thoraxchirurgie, Regensburg, 2023-09-20
    Language German
    Publishing date 2023-08-01
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article ; Conference proceedings
    ZDB-ID 200935-3
    ISSN 1438-9592 ; 0044-409X
    ISSN (online) 1438-9592
    ISSN 0044-409X
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1771144
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  9. Article ; Online: Elephant rewilding affects landscape openness and fauna habitat across a 92‐year period

    Gordon, Christopher E. / Greve, Michelle / Henley, Michelle / Bedetti, Anka / Allin, Paul / Svenning, Jens‐Christian

    Ecological Applications. 2023 Apr., v. 33, no. 3 p.e2810-

    2023  

    Abstract: ... of 17 habitat attributes (e.g., floristic diversity and cover, ground wood, tree hollows) across five ... some habitat attributes (e.g., large‐sized tree hollows) but negatively associated with others (e.g., large ...

    Abstract Trophic rewilding aims to promote biodiverse self‐sustaining ecosystems through the restoration of ecologically important taxa and the trophic interactions and cascades they propagate. How rewilding effects manifest across broad temporal scales will determine ecosystem states; however, our understanding of post‐rewilding dynamics across longer time periods is limited. Here we show that the restoration of a megaherbivore, the African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana), promotes landscape openness (i.e., various measures of vegetation composition/complexity) and modifies fauna habitat and that these effects continue to manifest up to 92 years after reintroduction. We conducted a space‐for‐time floristic survey and assessment of 17 habitat attributes (e.g., floristic diversity and cover, ground wood, tree hollows) across five comparable nature reserves in South African savannah, where elephants were reintroduced between 1927 and 2003, finding that elephant reintroduction time was positively correlated with landscape openness and some habitat attributes (e.g., large‐sized tree hollows) but negatively associated with others (e.g., large‐sized coarse woody debris). We then indexed elephant site occurrence between 2006 and 2018 using telemetry data and found positive associations between site occurrence and woody plant densities. Taken alongside the longer‐term space‐for‐time survey, this suggests that elephants are attracted to dense vegetation in the short term and that this behavior increases landscape openness in the long term. Our results suggest that trophic rewilding with elephants helps promote a semi‐open ecosystem structure of high importance for African biodiversity. More generally, our results suggest that megafauna restoration represents a promising tool to curb Earth's recent ecological losses and highlights the importance of considering long‐term ecological responses when designing and managing rewilding projects.
    Keywords Loxodonta africana ; botanical composition ; coarse woody debris ; ecosystems ; fauna ; habitats ; landscapes ; savannas ; surveys ; telemetry ; trees ; wood ; woody plants
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-04
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1074505-1
    ISSN 1939-5582 ; 1051-0761
    ISSN (online) 1939-5582
    ISSN 1051-0761
    DOI 10.1002/eap.2810
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Functional network and structural connections involved in picture naming.

    Jarret, Julien / Ferré, Perrine / Chedid, Georges / Bedetti, Christophe / Bore, Arnaud / Joanette, Yves / Rouleau, Isabelle / Maria Brambati, Simona

    Brain and language

    2022  Volume 231, Page(s) 105146

    Abstract: We mapped the left hemisphere cortical regions and fiber bundles involved in picture naming in adults by integrating task-based fMRI with dMRI tractography. We showed that a ventral pathway that "maps image and sound to meaning" involves the middle ... ...

    Abstract We mapped the left hemisphere cortical regions and fiber bundles involved in picture naming in adults by integrating task-based fMRI with dMRI tractography. We showed that a ventral pathway that "maps image and sound to meaning" involves the middle occipital, inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal gyri, and the temporal pole where a signal exchange is made possible by the inferior fronto-occipital, inferior longitudinal, middle longitudinal, uncinate fasciculi, and the extreme capsule. A dorsal pathway that "maps sound to speech" implicates the inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal, precentral gyri, and the supplementary motor area where the arcuate fasciculus and the frontal aslant ensure intercommunication. This study provides a neurocognitive model of picture naming and supports the hypothesis that the ventral indirect route passes through the temporal pole. This further supports the idea that the inferior and superior temporal gyri may play pivotal roles within the dual-stream framework of language.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cerebral Cortex ; Humans ; Language ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Nerve Net/diagnostic imaging ; Neural Pathways/diagnostic imaging ; White Matter
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 7448-2
    ISSN 1090-2155 ; 0093-934X
    ISSN (online) 1090-2155
    ISSN 0093-934X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105146
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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