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Article ; Online: Current methods for diagnosis of human coronaviruses: pros and cons.

Benzigar, Mercy R / Bhattacharjee, Ripon / Baharfar, Mahroo / Liu, Guozhen

2020 Volume 413, Issue 9, Page(s) 2311–2330

Abstract: The current global fight against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to flatten the transmission curve is put forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) as there is no immediate diagnosis or cure for COVID-19 so far. In order to stop the spread, researchers ...

Abstract	The current global fight against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to flatten the transmission curve is put forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) as there is no immediate diagnosis or cure for COVID-19 so far. In order to stop the spread, researchers worldwide are working around the clock aiming to develop reliable tools for early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) understanding the infection path and mechanisms. Currently, nucleic acid-based molecular diagnosis (real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test) is considered the gold standard for early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Antibody-based serology detection is ineffective for the purpose of early diagnosis, but a potential tool for serosurveys, providing people with immune certificates for clearance from COVID-19 infection. Meanwhile, there are various blooming methods developed these days. In this review, we summarise different types of coronavirus discovered which can be transmitted between human beings. Methods used for diagnosis of the discovered human coronavirus (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) including nucleic acid detection, gene sequencing, antibody detection, antigen detection, and clinical diagnosis are presented. Their merits, demerits and prospects are discussed which can help the researchers to develop new generation of advanced diagnostic tools for accurate and effective control of human coronavirus transmission in the communities and hospitals.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biosensing Techniques/methods ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19 Testing/methods ; Coronavirus/isolation & purification ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods ; Humans ; Immunoassay/methods ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus/isolation & purification ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Serologic Tests/methods ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/diagnosis
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	201093-8
ISSN	1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
ISSN (online)	1618-2650
ISSN	0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
DOI	10.1007/s00216-020-03046-0
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Article: Current methods for diagnosis of human coronaviruses: pros and cons

Benzigar, Mercy R / Bhattacharjee, Ripon / Baharfar, Mahroo / Liu, Guozhen

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2021 Apr., v. 413, no. 9

2021

Abstract	The current global fight against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to flatten the transmission curve is put forth by the World Health Organization (WHO) as there is no immediate diagnosis or cure for COVID-19 so far. In order to stop the spread, researchers worldwide are working around the clock aiming to develop reliable tools for early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) understanding the infection path and mechanisms. Currently, nucleic acid-based molecular diagnosis (real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test) is considered the gold standard for early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Antibody-based serology detection is ineffective for the purpose of early diagnosis, but a potential tool for serosurveys, providing people with immune certificates for clearance from COVID-19 infection. Meanwhile, there are various blooming methods developed these days. In this review, we summarise different types of coronavirus discovered which can be transmitted between human beings. Methods used for diagnosis of the discovered human coronavirus (SARS, MERS, COVID-19) including nucleic acid detection, gene sequencing, antibody detection, antigen detection, and clinical diagnosis are presented. Their merits, demerits and prospects are discussed which can help the researchers to develop new generation of advanced diagnostic tools for accurate and effective control of human coronavirus transmission in the communities and hospitals.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; World Health Organization ; analytical chemistry ; antibody detection ; antigen detection ; early diagnosis ; genes ; humans ; nucleic acids ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; serology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-04
Size	p. 2311-2330.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; Review
ISSN	1618-2642
DOI	10.1007/s00216-020-03046-0
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Milk derived highly ordered mesoporous carbon with CaF2 nanoclusters as an efficient electrode for supercapacitors

Joseph, Stalin / Lee, Jang Mee / Benzigar, Mercy R / Yi, Jiabao / Karakoti, Ajay / Vinu, Ajayan

Carbon. 2021 Aug. 15, v. 180

2021

Abstract: Here we report on the synthesis of highly ordered nanoporous carbon decorated with CaF₂ nanoclusters along the pore wall structure using dairy milk as a carbon and calcium source through nano-hard templating approach wherein mesoporous silica SBA-15 with ...

Abstract	Here we report on the synthesis of highly ordered nanoporous carbon decorated with CaF₂ nanoclusters along the pore wall structure using dairy milk as a carbon and calcium source through nano-hard templating approach wherein mesoporous silica SBA-15 with different pore diameters are used as template. CaF₂ is introduced during the removal process of silica template and can help to enhance the charge transfer. Nitrogen adsorption results reveal that the prepared materials exhibit high specific surface area with bimodal porous structures which act as a media for the rapid ion transports through the regular and interconnected micro- and mesoporous structure. The mesoporous carbon samples also exhibit hexagonally ordered pores with rod shaped morphology, which is similar to that of the template, confirming that the templating process is successful. Finally, the optimised electrode is highly stable and offers the capacitance of 182 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹ with almost 100% retention rate even after 5000 cycles due to a strong intimate coupling generated by the CaF₂ nanoclusters within the wall structure. The electrode performance of milk derived carbon samples is much better than that of activated carbon, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and the mesoporous carbons without CaF₂.
Keywords	activated carbon ; adsorption ; calcium ; capacitance ; carbon nanotubes ; electrochemical capacitors ; electrodes ; milk ; nanopores ; nitrogen ; porous media ; silica ; surface area
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0815
Size	p. 101-109.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	0008-6223
DOI	10.1016/j.carbon.2021.05.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The Influence of Nanoparticle Shape on Protein Corona Formation.

Madathiparambil Visalakshan, Rahul / González García, Laura E / Benzigar, Mercy R / Ghazaryan, Arthur / Simon, Johanna / Mierczynska-Vasilev, Agnieszka / Michl, Thomas D / Vinu, Ajayan / Mailänder, Volker / Morsbach, Svenja / Landfester, Katharina / Vasilev, Krasimir

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2020 Volume 16, Issue 25, Page(s) e2000285

Abstract: Nanoparticles have become an important utility in many areas of medical treatment such as targeted drug and treatment delivery as well as imaging and diagnostics. These advances require a complete understanding of nanoparticles' fate once placed in the ... ...

Abstract	Nanoparticles have become an important utility in many areas of medical treatment such as targeted drug and treatment delivery as well as imaging and diagnostics. These advances require a complete understanding of nanoparticles' fate once placed in the body. Upon exposure to blood, proteins adsorb onto the nanoparticles surface and form a protein corona, which determines the particles' biological fate. This study reports on the protein corona formation from blood serum and plasma on spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles. These two types of mesoporous silica nanoparticles have identical chemistry, porosity, surface potential, and size in the y-dimension, one being a sphere and the other a rod shape. The results show a significantly larger amount of protein attaching from both plasma and serum on the rod-like particles compared to the spheres. Interrogation of the protein corona by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry reveals shape-dependent differences in the adsorption of immunoglobulins and albumin proteins from both plasma and serum. This study points to the need for taking nanoparticle shape into consideration because it can have a significant impact on the fate and therapeutic potential of nanoparticles when placed in the body.
MeSH term(s)	Drug Delivery Systems ; Nanoparticles ; Protein Corona ; Silicon Dioxide ; Surface Properties
Chemical Substances	Protein Corona ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-14
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2168935-0
ISSN	1613-6829 ; 1613-6810
ISSN (online)	1613-6829
ISSN	1613-6810
DOI	10.1002/smll.202000285
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Article ; Online: Recent advances in functionalized micro and mesoporous carbon materials: synthesis and applications.

Benzigar, Mercy R / Talapaneni, Siddulu Naidu / Joseph, Stalin / Ramadass, Kavitha / Singh, Gurwinder / Scaranto, Jessica / Ravon, Ugo / Al-Bahily, Khalid / Vinu, Ajayan

Chemical Society reviews

2018 Volume 47, Issue 8, Page(s) 2680–2721

Abstract: Functionalized nanoporous carbon materials have attracted the colossal interest of the materials science fraternity owing to their intriguing physical and chemical properties including a well-ordered porous structure, exemplary high specific surface ... ...

Abstract	Functionalized nanoporous carbon materials have attracted the colossal interest of the materials science fraternity owing to their intriguing physical and chemical properties including a well-ordered porous structure, exemplary high specific surface areas, electronic and ionic conductivity, excellent accessibility to active sites, and enhanced mass transport and diffusion. These properties make them a special and unique choice for various applications in divergent fields such as energy storage batteries, supercapacitors, energy conversion fuel cells, adsorption/separation of bulky molecules, heterogeneous catalysts, catalyst supports, photocatalysis, carbon capture, gas storage, biomolecule detection, vapour sensing and drug delivery. Because of the anisotropic and synergistic effects arising from the heteroatom doping at the nanoscale, these novel materials show high potential especially in electrochemical applications such as batteries, supercapacitors and electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications and water electrolysis. In order to gain the optimal benefit, it is necessary to implement tailor made functionalities in the porous carbon surfaces as well as in the carbon skeleton through the comprehensive experimentation. These most appealing nanoporous carbon materials can be synthesized through the carbonization of high carbon containing molecular precursors by using soft or hard templating or non-templating pathways. This review encompasses the approaches and the wide range of methodologies that have been employed over the last five years in the preparation and functionalisation of nanoporous carbon materials via incorporation of metals, non-metal heteroatoms, multiple heteroatoms, and various surface functional groups that mostly dictate their place in a wide range of practical applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1472875-8
ISSN	1460-4744 ; 0306-0012
ISSN (online)	1460-4744
ISSN	0306-0012
DOI	10.1039/c7cs00787f
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Recent advances in functionalized micro and mesoporous carbon materials: synthesis and applications

Benzigar, Mercy R. / Talapaneni, Siddulu Naidu / Joseph, Stalin / Ramadass, Kavitha / Singh, Gurwinder / Scaranto, Jessica / Ravon, Ugo / Al-Bahily, Khalid / Vinu, Ajayan

Chemical Society reviews. 2018 Apr. 23, v. 47, no. 8 p.2680-2721

2018

Abstract	Functionalized nanoporous carbon materials have attracted the colossal interest of the materials science fraternity owing to their intriguing physical and chemical properties including a well-ordered porous structure, exemplary high specific surface areas, electronic and ionic conductivity, excellent accessibility to active sites, and enhanced mass transport and diffusion. These properties make them a special and unique choice for various applications in divergent fields such as energy storage batteries, supercapacitors, energy conversion fuel cells, adsorption/separation of bulky molecules, heterogeneous catalysts, catalyst supports, photocatalysis, carbon capture, gas storage, biomolecule detection, vapour sensing and drug delivery. Because of the anisotropic and synergistic effects arising from the heteroatom doping at the nanoscale, these novel materials show high potential especially in electrochemical applications such as batteries, supercapacitors and electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications and water electrolysis. In order to gain the optimal benefit, it is necessary to implement tailor made functionalities in the porous carbon surfaces as well as in the carbon skeleton through the comprehensive experimentation. These most appealing nanoporous carbon materials can be synthesized through the carbonization of high carbon containing molecular precursors by using soft or hard templating or non-templating pathways. This review encompasses the approaches and the wide range of methodologies that have been employed over the last five years in the preparation and functionalisation of nanoporous carbon materials via incorporation of metals, non-metal heteroatoms, multiple heteroatoms, and various surface functional groups that mostly dictate their place in a wide range of practical applications.
Keywords	active sites ; adsorption ; anisotropy ; batteries ; carbon ; carbonization ; catalysts ; drugs ; electrochemistry ; electrolysis ; energy conversion ; fuel cells ; mass transfer ; metals ; moieties ; nanopores ; photocatalysis ; porous media ; synergism ; vapors
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0423
Size	p. 2680-2721.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1472875-8
ISSN	1460-4744 ; 0306-0012
ISSN (online)	1460-4744
ISSN	0306-0012
DOI	10.1039/c7cs00787f
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Highly Crystalline Mesoporous C

Benzigar, Mercy R / Joseph, Stalin / Ilbeygi, Hamid / Park, Dae-Hwan / Sarkar, Sujoy / Chandra, Goutam / Umapathy, Siva / Srinivasan, Sampath / Talapaneni, Siddulu Naidu / Vinu, Ajayan

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

2017 Volume 57, Issue 2, Page(s) 569–573

Abstract: Highly ordered mesoporous ... ...

Abstract	Highly ordered mesoporous C
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-06
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2011836-3
ISSN	1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
ISSN (online)	1521-3773
ISSN	1433-7851
DOI	10.1002/anie.201710888
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Dopant induced bandgap narrowing in Y-doped zinc oxide nanostructures.

Yogamalar, Rajeswari / Venkateswaran, Pedinti S / Benzigar, Mercy R / Ariga, Katsuhiko / Vinu, Ajayan / Bose, A Chandra

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology

2012 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 75–83

Abstract: In this report, hydrothermal synthesis and the absorption properties of the cubic shaped zinc oxide nanostructures doped with different amount of yttrium (Y) metal cation (0 to 15 at.%) are demonstrated. The structural and optical properties of ... ...

Abstract	In this report, hydrothermal synthesis and the absorption properties of the cubic shaped zinc oxide nanostructures doped with different amount of yttrium (Y) metal cation (0 to 15 at.%) are demonstrated. The structural and optical properties of chemically synthesized pure and Y doped ZnO powders are investigated by using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron spectroscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorbance, photoluminescence (PL), and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR). It is found that the dopant ions stabilize in wurtzite hexagonal phase of ZnO upto the concentration of less than 6 at.%, which is mainly due to the fact that the ZnO lattice expands and the optical bandgap energy decreases at this level. Increasing the dopant concentration to greater than 6 at.% leads to a contraction of the lattice, which in turn produces a significant structural disorder evidenced by shift in the XRD peaks due to additional interstitial incorporation of Y. The vibrational modes of the metal oxide groups have been identified from the IR transmission spectra. The optical absorption results show that the optical bandgap energy of Y:ZnO nanocrystals is much less as compared to that of the pure bulk ZnO particles. Doping ZnO with trivalent Y produces excess number of electrons in the conduction band and thus, shifts the absorption edge and narrows down to 80 meV approximately. PL spectra are used to study the dependence of doping on the deep-level emission, which show an enhanced blue emission after Y doping. The existence of near band edge (NBE) emission and blue emission, related to zinc interstitials are observed in the luminescence spectra of Zn(1-x)Y(x)O nanostructures.
MeSH term(s)	Crystallization/methods ; Electric Conductivity ; Materials Testing ; Nanostructures/chemistry ; Nanostructures/ultrastructure ; Particle Size ; Refractometry ; Surface Properties ; Zinc Oxide/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Zinc Oxide (SOI2LOH54Z)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1533-4880
ISSN	1533-4880
DOI	10.1166/jnn.2012.5760
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: 3D Nanoporous FeAl-KIT-5 with a cage type pore structure: a highly efficient and stable catalyst for hydroarylation of styrene and arylacetylenes

Varghese, Shaji / Nagarajan, Samuthira / Benzigar, Mercy R / Mano, Ajayan / ALOthman, Zeid A / Raj, George Allen Gnana / Vinu, Ajayan

Tetrahedron letters. 2012 Mar. 21, v. 53, no. 12

2012

Abstract: A novel bimetallic nanoporous FeAl-KIT-5 catalyst with a cage type porous structure and a high surface area has been prepared for the hydroarylation of styrene and arylacetylenes to afford 1,1-diarylalkanes and 1,1-diarylalkenes, respectively. The ... ...

Abstract	A novel bimetallic nanoporous FeAl-KIT-5 catalyst with a cage type porous structure and a high surface area has been prepared for the hydroarylation of styrene and arylacetylenes to afford 1,1-diarylalkanes and 1,1-diarylalkenes, respectively. The catalyst was found to be highly active, and selective, affording a high yield of substituted alkanes and alkenes. The catalyst also showed much higher activity as compared to those of other nanoporous catalysts such as AlSBA-15, AlKIT-5, and FeKIT-5, and can be reused several times without much loss of its activity.
Keywords	alkanes ; alkenes ; catalysts ; chemical reactions ; chemical structure ; styrene ; surface area
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-0321
Size	p. 1485-1489.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	204287-3
ISSN	1873-3581 ; 0040-4039
ISSN (online)	1873-3581
ISSN	0040-4039
DOI	10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.01.040
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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