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Article: Overuse of Antibiotics: Who is to Blame? A Qualitative Study.

Nokhodian, Zary / Boroumandfar, Zahra / Rostami, Soodabeh / Ataei, Behrooz

International journal of preventive medicine

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 133

Abstract: Background: The irrational use of antibiotics seriously threatens global health. Clinicians undoubtedly play an essential role in consuming antibiotics in hospitals and communities, and their attitudes may help the health system's optimal treatment of ... ...

Abstract	Background: The irrational use of antibiotics seriously threatens global health. Clinicians undoubtedly play an essential role in consuming antibiotics in hospitals and communities, and their attitudes may help the health system's optimal treatment of antibiotics. In this study, we reported clinicians' experiences with antibiotics used in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: In a qualitative study conducted from October 2020 to March 2021, the experiences of 13 clinicians with different clinical specialties were collected through one-to-one interviews. Participants were selected through purposive sampling until data saturation; data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the transcribed interviews. The main category was recognized and subcategorized and coded by three researchers. Results: Eight women and five men with a mean work experience of 12.54 ± 10.047 years participated in the study. All of them worried about the overuse of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. Clinicians believe that the antimicrobial stewardship committee is not active in our country. Laboratory challenges, healthcare providers, the poor performance of the health system, and marketing and business were the main categories of the study. Subcategrories of main categories included inefficiency in the function of laboratories, harmful profit, challenges in medical education, ups and downs of disease treatment, the unacceptable performance of hospitals, failure to upgrade the health system, threats and opportunities, and jobbery. Conclusions: The participants of this study believed that excessive use of antibiotics is a serious challenge in our country. Physicians were concerned about antibiotic resistance and believed that the pattern of antibiotic resistance was not routinely reported. Therefore, in our region, we should make more efforts to collect data in this field and provide this information to physicians. Also, this study confirmed many obstacles to implementing the antimicrobial stewardship program, and the infrastructure needs strengthening. There is also a need for cultural changes and the views of physicians.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2574680-7
ISSN	2008-8213 ; 2008-7802
ISSN (online)	2008-8213
ISSN	2008-7802
DOI	10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_287_22
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Bacterial Superinfection and Antibiotic Management in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to Intensive Care Medicine in Central Iran: A Follow-Up Study.

Nokhodian, Zary / Rostami, Soodabeh / Zeraatei, Parisa / Rahimkhorasani, Marzieh / Abbasi, Saeed / Sadeghi, Somayeh

Advanced biomedical research

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 43

Abstract: Background: Bacterial superinfections are one of the crucial challenges in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that are associated with a high mortality rate. The current study was designed to assess bacterial superinfections and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Bacterial superinfections are one of the crucial challenges in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that are associated with a high mortality rate. The current study was designed to assess bacterial superinfections and antibiotic management in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Material and methods: Seventy-three adult intubated patients with COVID-19 were included in a cross-sectional study. The lung aspirate samples were collected in two stages and assessed for bacterial growth by standard methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer method as recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guideline (2021 edition). Also, demographic and clinical data were collected. The statistical analysis was done by chisquare test and Student's Results: Forty men and thirty-three women with a mean age of 64.78 ± 13.90 have included in our study. The mean length of hospitalization and stay in ICU were 18.77 ± 12.94 and 13.51 ± 9.83 days, respectively; 84.9% of cases died. Thirty-three patients had a bacterial superinfection mainly caused by Conclusion: Bacterial superinfection and mortality rates were relatively high in COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU. According to the results, using beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors antibiotics in hospitalized patients in ICU can effectively control superinfection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-25
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2672524-1
ISSN	2277-9175
ISSN	2277-9175
DOI	10.4103/abr.abr_82_22
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Article: Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in ICU and Non-ICU Wards: A Four-Year Retrospective Study in Isfahan, Iran.

Kassaian, Nazila / Nematbakhsh, Shadnosh / Yazdani, Mohammadreza / Rostami, Soodabeh / Nokhodian, Zary / Ataei, Behrooz

Advanced biomedical research

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 106

Abstract: Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in hospitalised patients. This study evaluated BSI's incidence, trend, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and mortality in AL Zahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran.!# ...

Abstract	Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in hospitalised patients. This study evaluated BSI's incidence, trend, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and mortality in AL Zahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted in AL Zahra Hospital from March 2017 to March 2021. The Iranian nosocomial infection surveillance system was used for data gathering. The data included demographic and hospital data, type of bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility findings and were analysed in SPSS-18 software. Results: The incidence of BSIs was 1.67% and 0.47%, and the mortality was 30% and 15.2% in the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU wards, respectively. In the ICU, the mortality was correlated with the use of the catheter, type of organism and year of study, but in non-ICU, correlated with age, gender, use of the catheter, ward, year of study and duration between the incidence of BSIs and discharging/death. Conclusion: Despite the few rate of BSI in the last four years in AL Zahra Hospital, our data showed that its incidence and mortality in the ICU ward are significantly more than in other hospital wards. We recommend prospective multicentre studies to know the total incidence of BSI, local risk factors and patterns of pathogens causing BSI.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2672524-1
ISSN	2277-9175
ISSN	2277-9175
DOI	10.4103/abr.abr_320_22
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Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in individuals occupationally exposed to livestock and raw meat: A case-control study.

Hejazi, Seyed Hossein / Kalantari, Reza / Jafari, Rasool / Ghayour, Zahra / Nokhodian, Zary / Esmaeilifallah, Mahsa

Veterinary medicine and science

2023 Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) 2642–2647

Abstract: Background: The expectancy of Toxoplasma gondii transmitted from livestock and raw meat to humans is a public health problem and is an example of the One Health theory.: Objectives: This survey aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors ... ...

Abstract	Background: The expectancy of Toxoplasma gondii transmitted from livestock and raw meat to humans is a public health problem and is an example of the One Health theory. Objectives: This survey aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors related to this common infection in individuals occupationally exposed (IOE) to livestock, raw meat and viscera in industrial slaughterhouses and livestock fields in Isfahan province, central Iran. Methods: This study is a case-control survey carried out on the 401 serum samples of IOE (including slaughterhouse workers, butchers, veterinarians, veterinary technicians, livestock farmers and farm workers) compared to 401 archived samples of the general population (that all matched with cases by region, age and gender). All 802 samples were investigated for anti-T. gondii IgM and anti-T. gondii IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: A statistically significant higher anti-T. gondii IgG occurrence (p < 0.001) was observed in IOE compared to the control group (46.1% vs. 31.4%). According to our knowledge, this is the first case-control study on the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii in IOE to livestock in central Iran. Conclusions: These findings show a potentially significant association between T. gondii seropositivity and occupational exposure to livestock. Therefore, it is essential to develop guidelines for preventing disease transmission among IOE to livestock, raw meat and viscera in industrial slaughterhouses and livestock fields.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Toxoplasma ; Livestock ; Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Case-Control Studies ; Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin G ; Meat
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin G
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2819409-3
ISSN	2053-1095 ; 2053-1095
ISSN (online)	2053-1095
ISSN	2053-1095
DOI	10.1002/vms3.1255
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Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in individuals occupationally exposed to livestock and raw meat

Seyed Hossein Hejazi / Reza Kalantari / Rasool Jafari / Zahra Ghayour / Zary Nokhodian / Mahsa Esmaeilifallah

Veterinary Medicine and Science, Vol 9, Iss 6, Pp 2642-

A case–control study

2023 Volume 2647

Abstract: Abstract Background The expectancy of Toxoplasma gondii transmitted from livestock and raw meat to humans is a public health problem and is an example of the One Health theory. Objectives This survey aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The expectancy of Toxoplasma gondii transmitted from livestock and raw meat to humans is a public health problem and is an example of the One Health theory. Objectives This survey aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors related to this common infection in individuals occupationally exposed (IOE) to livestock, raw meat and viscera in industrial slaughterhouses and livestock fields in Isfahan province, central Iran. Methods This study is a case–control survey carried out on the 401 serum samples of IOE (including slaughterhouse workers, butchers, veterinarians, veterinary technicians, livestock farmers and farm workers) compared to 401 archived samples of the general population (that all matched with cases by region, age and gender). All 802 samples were investigated for anti‐T. gondii IgM and anti‐T. gondii IgG using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results A statistically significant higher anti‐T. gondii IgG occurrence (p < 0.001) was observed in IOE compared to the control group (46.1% vs. 31.4%). According to our knowledge, this is the first case–control study on the seroprevalence of anti‐T. gondii in IOE to livestock in central Iran. Conclusions These findings show a potentially significant association between T. gondii seropositivity and occupational exposure to livestock. Therefore, it is essential to develop guidelines for preventing disease transmission among IOE to livestock, raw meat and viscera in industrial slaughterhouses and livestock fields.
Keywords	abattoir ; occupational exposure ; risk factors ; seroprevalence ; Toxoplasma gondii ; zoonoses ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Health-Care Workers in Isfahan, Iran.

Rostami, Soodabeh / Haghjooy Javanmard, Shaghayegh / Nokhodian, Zary / Kassaian, Nazila / Zamani, Ali / Tahvilian, Zohreh / Nasri, Parto / Nasirian, Maryam / Ataei, Behrooz

Advanced biomedical research

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 31

Abstract: Background: Health-care workers (HCWs) are in the frontline for fighting the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are at higher risk of acquiring the infection. Therefore, the defining immunity status among HCWs helps mitigate the exposure ... ...

Abstract	Background: Health-care workers (HCWs) are in the frontline for fighting the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are at higher risk of acquiring the infection. Therefore, the defining immunity status among HCWs helps mitigate the exposure risk. In this study, we investigated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) and also the associated risk factors in the HCWs working in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences COVID-19 referral hospitals. Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional study, demographics, COVID-19 symptoms during the past 2 weeks, and health-care details were collected from 200 consenting health workers of COVID-center-hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from 23 October to 21 December 2020. The recombinant SARS-CoV2 nucleocapsid protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based IgM, and IgG antibody tests were evaluated. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and independent-t-student tests, and Results: One hundred and forty-one women and 59 men with a mean age of 36.4 ± 7.77 years participated in the study. IgG Ab and IgM Ab were positive in 77 (38.5%) and 12 (6%) of samples, respectively, and both antibodies were detected in 9 (4.5%). Higher ages, direct contact with the patients with COVID-19, muscle pain, loss of taste and smell, fever, and cough were the factors associated with antibody seropositivity against SARS-CoV2. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the prevalence of HCWs with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is relatively high in Isfahan University referral hospitals. The development of safety protocols and screening and vaccination strategies in the frontline HCWs must be implemented to reduce the burden of infection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-25
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2672524-1
ISSN	2277-9175
ISSN	2277-9175
DOI	10.4103/abr.abr_201_21
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Article: Evaluation of Specific IgG Antibody in Subjects Who Had Been Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Rostami, Soodabeh / Ahangarzadeh, Shahrzad / Zamani Moghaddam, Ali / Nokhodian, Zary / Modaresifar, Hossein / Roustaei, Amirsaman / Shoaei, Parisa / Rowzati, Mohsen / Tahvilian, Zohreh / Nazari, Alireza / Kassaian, Nazila / Haghjooy Javanmard, Shaghayegh / Ataei, Behrooz

Advanced biomedical research

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 171

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-30
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2672524-1
ISSN	2277-9175
ISSN	2277-9175
DOI	10.4103/abr.abr_195_22
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of specific IgG antibody in subjects who had been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2

Soodabeh Rostami / Shahrzad Ahangarzadeh / Ali Zamani Moghaddam / Zary Nokhodian / Hossein Modaresifar / Amirsaman Roustaei / Parisa Shoaei / Mohsen Rowzati / Zohreh Tahvilian / Alireza Nazari / Nazila Kassaian / Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard / Behrooz Ataei

Advanced Biomedical Research, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 171-

2023 Volume 171

Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Herbal Medicines as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Rostami, Soodabeh / Gharibi, Shima / Yaghoobi, Hajar / Nokhodian, Zary / Shoaei, Parisa / Bahrami, Armina Alagheband / Ahangarzadeh, Shahrzad / Alibakhshi, Abbas

Current pharmaceutical design

2022 Volume 28, Issue 29, Page(s) 2375–2386

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the result of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding molecular pathogenesis is an essential factor for the allocation of effective preventive measures and the ... ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the result of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding molecular pathogenesis is an essential factor for the allocation of effective preventive measures and the development of targeted therapeutics against COVID-19. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes structural and nonstructural proteins, which can be targets for compounds with potential therapeutic ability. On the other hand, the virus life cycle has stages susceptible to targeting by drug compounds. Many natural antiviral compounds have been studied and evaluated at the cellular and molecular levels with antiviral potential. Meanwhile, many studies over the past few months have shown that plant polysaccharides have a good ability to target proteins and stages of the virus life cycle. In this regard, in this review study, the virus specifications and infectious process and structural and functional components of SARSCoV- 2 will be reviewed, and then the latest studies on the effect of plant compounds with more focus on polysaccharides on viral targets and their inhibitory potential on the infectious process of COVID-19 will be discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1304236-1
ISSN	1873-4286 ; 1381-6128
ISSN (online)	1873-4286
ISSN	1381-6128
DOI	10.2174/1381612828666220802121014
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Article: A Process Evaluation of the Isfahan Antibiotic Awareness Campaign: Developing Engagement on Antimicrobial Resistance.

Rostami, Soodabeh / Kassaian, Nazila / Nokhodian, Zary / Ataei, Behrooz / Zamanimoghadam, Ali / Nasri, Parto / Ahangarzadeh, Shahrzad / Tahvilian, Zohreh / Shoaei, Parisa / Shahzamani, Kiana / Hashemi, Fatemeh Khoshdel

Advanced biomedical research

2023 Volume 12, Page(s) 6

Abstract: Background: One of the most prominent global health threats is antibiotic resistance, leading to infection treatment failure. The first Iranian antibiotic awareness week campaign was initiated to improve the prudent use and wise prescription of ... ...

Abstract	Background: One of the most prominent global health threats is antibiotic resistance, leading to infection treatment failure. The first Iranian antibiotic awareness week campaign was initiated to improve the prudent use and wise prescription of antibiotics. Materials and methods: The Isfahan antibiotic awareness campaign was held from November 30 to December 6, 2019, among two targeted populations; the general population and health-care workers by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. In this campaign held in the main squares, streets, and a city's referral hospital, various educational methods were used to aware and sensitize the general population and medical staff about antibiotics and microbial resistance. These methods include face-to-face training, brochures, advertisement posters and billboards around the city, educational videos, social media messages, retraining for medical doctors and medical specialists, and interviewing in the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcast. Results: Two hundred and twenty general practitioners, medical specialists, and residents participated in two retraining educational conferences in Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. The mean score satisfaction of the two conferences was three from four. Nearly 2000 of the general population were under face-to-face educational programs whom after that, 83.6% had the correct answer to the questions around antimicrobial awareness. Conclusions: This campaign was an excellent experience as a pilot study with appealing issues. Further, activities are required to improve engagement with the target population and determine the impact of this campaign on antibiotic consumption and prescription behavior among the public and health-care professionals.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2672524-1
ISSN	2277-9175
ISSN	2277-9175
DOI	10.4103/abr.abr_137_21
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