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  1. Article ; Online: Cardiorespiratory Sensors and Their Implications for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Detection: A Systematic Review.

    Lingawi, Saud / Hutton, Jacob / Khalili, Mahsa / Shadgan, Babak / Christenson, Jim / Grunau, Brian / Kuo, Calvin

    Annals of biomedical engineering

    2024  Volume 52, Issue 5, Page(s) 1136–1158

    Abstract: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major health problem, with a poor survival rate of 2-11%. For the roughly 75% of OHCAs that are unwitnessed, survival is approximately 2-4.4%, as there are no bystanders present to provide life-saving ... ...

    Abstract Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major health problem, with a poor survival rate of 2-11%. For the roughly 75% of OHCAs that are unwitnessed, survival is approximately 2-4.4%, as there are no bystanders present to provide life-saving interventions and alert Emergency Medical Services. Sensor technologies may reduce the number of unwitnessed OHCAs through automated detection of OHCA-associated physiological changes. However, no technologies are widely available for OHCA detection. This review identifies research and commercial technologies developed for cardiopulmonary monitoring that may be best suited for use in the context of OHCA, and provides recommendations for technology development, testing, and implementation. We conducted a systematic review of published studies along with a search of grey literature to identify technologies that were able to provide cardiopulmonary monitoring, and could be used to detect OHCA. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Engineering Village using MeSH keywords. Following inclusion, we summarized trends and findings from included studies. Our searches retrieved 6945 unique publications between January, 1950 and May, 2023. 90 studies met the inclusion criteria. In addition, our grey literature search identified 26 commercial technologies. Among included technologies, 52% utilized electrocardiography (ECG) and 40% utilized photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors. Most wearable devices were multi-modal (59%), utilizing more than one sensor simultaneously. Most included devices were wearable technologies (84%), with chest patches (22%), wrist-worn devices (18%), and garments (14%) being the most prevalent. ECG and PPG sensors are heavily utilized in devices for cardiopulmonary monitoring that could be adapted to OHCA detection. Developers seeking to rapidly develop methods for OHCA detection should focus on using ECG- and/or PPG-based multimodal systems as these are most prevalent in existing devices. However, novel sensor technology development could overcome limitations in existing sensors and could serve as potential additions to or replacements for ECG- and PPG-based devices.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/diagnosis ; Emergency Medical Services ; Electrocardiography ; Photoplethysmography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 185984-5
    ISSN 1573-9686 ; 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    ISSN (online) 1573-9686
    ISSN 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    DOI 10.1007/s10439-024-03442-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top Cited Articles in Sports and Exercise Medicine.

    Khatra, Omeet / Shadgan, Armita / Taunton, Jack / Pakravan, Amir / Shadgan, Babak

    Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 2325967120969902

    Abstract: Background: Although citation analysis is common in many areas of medicine, there is a lack of similar research in sports and exercise medicine.: Purpose: To identify and examine the characteristics of the 100 top cited articles in the field of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Although citation analysis is common in many areas of medicine, there is a lack of similar research in sports and exercise medicine.
    Purpose: To identify and examine the characteristics of the 100 top cited articles in the field of sports and exercise medicine in an effort to determine what components make an article highly influential.
    Study design: Cross-sectional study.
    Methods: The Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used to determine the 100 top cited articles from 46 journals in the field of sports and exercise medicine. Each of the 100 articles was then analyzed by 2 independent reviewers, and results were compared. Basic information was collected, including journal title, country of origin, and study type. Different categories were compared using descriptive statistics of counts or percentages.
    Results: The 100 top cited articles were published in 15 of the 46 identified sports and exercise medicine journals, with the most prolific being
    Conclusion: Narrative reviews from the United States and published in English-language journals were the most likely to be highly cited. In addition, the knee was a common anatomic area of study on the top cited list of research in sports and exercise medicine.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2706251-X
    ISSN 2325-9671
    ISSN 2325-9671
    DOI 10.1177/2325967120969902
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The Effects of Silicone Enclosure Colour on the Function of Optical Sensors.

    Frank, Garrett / Askari, Shahbaz / Raschdorf, Katharina / Khosravi, Sadra / Kwon, Brian K / Shadgan, Babak

    Biology

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 6

    Abstract: The colour of the silicone enclosure of an implantable reflectance-based optical probe plays a critical role in sensor performance. Red-coloured probes that are highly reflective to near-infrared light have been found to increase photodetector power by a ...

    Abstract The colour of the silicone enclosure of an implantable reflectance-based optical probe plays a critical role in sensor performance. Red-coloured probes that are highly reflective to near-infrared light have been found to increase photodetector power by a factor of 6 for wavelengths between 660 and 950 nm and triple the magnitude of measured cardiac pulsations compared to traditional black probes. The increase in photodetector power and cardiac pulsation magnitude is presumably due to increased spatial range resulting from a higher magnitude of superficial tissue scattering. Conversely, probes with highly absorbent colours such as black and blue result in more stable signals and are expected to have higher spatial resolution and depth of penetration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology11060932
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Detection of hypoxia by near-infrared spectroscopy and pulse oximetry: a comparative study.

    Cheung, Amanda / Tu, Lorna / Macnab, Andrew / Kwon, Brian K / Shadgan, Babak

    Journal of biomedical optics

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 7

    Abstract: Significance: Pulse oximetry is widely used in clinical practice to monitor changes in arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). However, decreases in SpO2 can be delayed relative to the actual clinical event, and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may detect ... ...

    Abstract Significance: Pulse oximetry is widely used in clinical practice to monitor changes in arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). However, decreases in SpO2 can be delayed relative to the actual clinical event, and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may detect alterations in oxygenation earlier than pulse oximetry, as shown in previous cerebral oxygenation monitoring studies.
    Aim: We aim to compare the response of transcutaneous muscle NIRS measures of the tissue saturation index with pulse oximetry SpO2 during hypoxia.
    Approach: Episodes of acute hypoxia were induced in nine anesthetized Yucatan miniature pigs. A standard pulse oximeter was attached to the ear of the animal, and a transcutaneous NIRS sensor was placed on the hind limb muscle. Hypoxia was induced by detaching the ventilator from the animal and reattaching it once the pulse oximeter reported 70% SpO2.
    Results: Twenty-four episodes of acute hypoxia were analyzed. Upon the start of hypoxia, the transcutaneous NIRS measures changed in 5.3 ± 0.4 s, whereas the pulse oximetry measures changed in 14.9 ± 1.0 s (p < 0.0001).
    Conclusions: Transcutaneous muscle NIRS can detect the effects of hypoxia significantly sooner than pulse oximetry in the Yucatan miniature pig. A transcutaneous NIRS sensor may be used as an earlier detector of oxygen saturation changes in the clinical setting than the standard pulse oximeter.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Hypoxia/diagnostic imaging ; Oximetry/methods ; Oxygen ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1309154-2
    ISSN 1560-2281 ; 1083-3668
    ISSN (online) 1560-2281
    ISSN 1083-3668
    DOI 10.1117/1.JBO.27.7.077001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Modification of a Conventional Deep Learning Model to Classify Simulated Breathing Patterns: A Step toward Real-Time Monitoring of Patients with Respiratory Infectious Diseases.

    Park, Jinho / Mah, Aaron James / Nguyen, Thien / Park, Soongho / Ghazi Zadeh, Leili / Shadgan, Babak / Gandjbakhche, Amir H

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 12

    Abstract: The emergence of the global coronavirus pandemic in 2019 (COVID-19 disease) created a need for remote methods to detect and continuously monitor patients with infectious respiratory diseases. Many different devices, including thermometers, pulse ... ...

    Abstract The emergence of the global coronavirus pandemic in 2019 (COVID-19 disease) created a need for remote methods to detect and continuously monitor patients with infectious respiratory diseases. Many different devices, including thermometers, pulse oximeters, smartwatches, and rings, were proposed to monitor the symptoms of infected individuals at home. However, these consumer-grade devices are typically not capable of automated monitoring during both day and night. This study aims to develop a method to classify and monitor breathing patterns in real-time using tissue hemodynamic responses and a deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based classification algorithm. Tissue hemodynamic responses at the sternal manubrium were collected in 21 healthy volunteers using a wearable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device during three different breathing conditions. We developed a deep CNN-based classification algorithm to classify and monitor breathing patterns in real time. The classification method was designed by improving and modifying the pre-activation residual network (Pre-ResNet) previously developed to classify two-dimensional (2D) images. Three different one-dimensional CNN (1D-CNN) classification models based on Pre-ResNet were developed. By using these models, we were able to obtain an average classification accuracy of 88.79% (without Stage 1 (data size reducing convolutional layer)), 90.58% (with 1 × 3 Stage 1), and 91.77% (with 1 × 5 Stage 1).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Deep Learning ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Communicable Diseases ; Respiration
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s23125592
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Special Section Guest Editorial: Wearable, Implantable, Mobile, and Remote Biomedical Optics and Photonics.

    Ramella-Roman, Jessica / Gandjbakhche, Amir H / Kanick, Stephen C / Shadgan, Babak / Tromberg, Bruce J

    Journal of biomedical optics

    2021  Volume 26, Issue 6

    Abstract: Guest editors Jessica Ramella-Roman, Amir H. Gandjbakhche, Stephen C. Kanick, Babak Shadgan, and ...

    Abstract Guest editors Jessica Ramella-Roman, Amir H. Gandjbakhche, Stephen C. Kanick, Babak Shadgan, and Bruce J. Tromberg introduce and summarize the articles included in the 6-part JBO Special Section on Wearable, Implantable, Mobile, and Remote Biomedical Optics Photonics.
    MeSH term(s) Histological Techniques ; Optics and Photonics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Wearable Electronic Devices
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1309154-2
    ISSN 1560-2281 ; 1083-3668
    ISSN (online) 1560-2281
    ISSN 1083-3668
    DOI 10.1117/1.JBO.26.6.062701
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Smart Clothing is the Best Protection Against Zika During Rio Olympic and Paralympic Games.

    Shadgan, Babak / Khodaee, Morteza

    Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine

    2016  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 345–346

    MeSH term(s) Bites and Stings/prevention & control ; Brazil ; Humans ; Protective Clothing ; Sports ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1062530-6
    ISSN 1536-3724 ; 1050-642X
    ISSN (online) 1536-3724
    ISSN 1050-642X
    DOI 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000365
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The Effects of Silicone Enclosure Colour on the Function of Optical Sensors

    Garrett Frank / Shahbaz Askari / Katharina Raschdorf / Sadra Khosravi / Brian K. Kwon / Babak Shadgan

    Biology, Vol 11, Iss 932, p

    2022  Volume 932

    Abstract: The colour of the silicone enclosure of an implantable reflectance-based optical probe plays a critical role in sensor performance. Red-coloured probes that are highly reflective to near-infrared light have been found to increase photodetector power by a ...

    Abstract The colour of the silicone enclosure of an implantable reflectance-based optical probe plays a critical role in sensor performance. Red-coloured probes that are highly reflective to near-infrared light have been found to increase photodetector power by a factor of 6 for wavelengths between 660 and 950 nm and triple the magnitude of measured cardiac pulsations compared to traditional black probes. The increase in photodetector power and cardiac pulsation magnitude is presumably due to increased spatial range resulting from a higher magnitude of superficial tissue scattering. Conversely, probes with highly absorbent colours such as black and blue result in more stable signals and are expected to have higher spatial resolution and depth of penetration.
    Keywords implantable ; biosensor ; phantom ; diagnostics ; direct measurement ; absorption ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Monitoring spinal cord hemodynamics and tissue oxygenation: a review of the literature with special focus on the near-infrared spectroscopy technique.

    Rashnavadi, Tahereh / Macnab, Andrew / Cheung, Amanda / Shadgan, Armita / Kwon, Brian K / Shadgan, Babak

    Spinal cord

    2019  Volume 57, Issue 8, Page(s) 617–625

    Abstract: Study design: Review.: Objectives: Clinical studies have shown that the hemodynamic management of patients following acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important aspect of their treatment for maintaining spinal cord (SC) perfusion and minimizing ... ...

    Abstract Study design: Review.
    Objectives: Clinical studies have shown that the hemodynamic management of patients following acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important aspect of their treatment for maintaining spinal cord (SC) perfusion and minimizing ischemic secondary injury to the SC. While this highlights the importance of ensuring adequate perfusion and oxygenation to the injured cord, a method for the real-time monitoring of these hemodynamic measures within the SC is lacking. The purpose of this review is to discuss current and potential methods for SC hemodynamic monitoring with special focus on applications using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
    Methods: A literature search using the PubMed database. All peer-reviewed articles on NIRS monitoring of SC published from inception to May 2019 were reviewed.
    Results: Among 125 papers related to SC hemodynamics monitoring, 26 focused on direct/indirect NIRS monitoring of the SC.
    Discussion: Current options for continuous, non-invasive, and real-time monitoring of SC hemodynamics are challenging and limited in scope. As a relatively new technique, NIRS has been successfully used for monitoring human cerebral hemodynamics, and has shown promising results in intraoperative assessment of SC hemodynamics in both human and animal models. Although utilizing NIRS to monitor the SC has been validated, applying NIRS clinically following SCI requires further development and investigation.
    Conclusions: NIRS is a promising non-invasive technique with the potential to provide real-time monitoring of relevant parameters in the SC. Currently, in its first developmental stages, further clinical and experimental studies are mandatory to ensure the validity and safety of NIRS techniques.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Hemodynamics/physiology ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Monitoring, Physiologic/trends ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/trends ; Spinal Cord/metabolism ; Spinal Cord Injuries/diagnosis ; Spinal Cord Injuries/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1316161-1
    ISSN 1476-5624 ; 1362-4393
    ISSN (online) 1476-5624
    ISSN 1362-4393
    DOI 10.1038/s41393-019-0304-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: The Effects of Silicone Enclosure Colour on the Function of Optical Sensors

    Frank, Garrett / Askari, Shahbaz / Raschdorf, Katharina / Khosravi, Sadra / Kwon, Brian K. / Shadgan, Babak

    Biology. 2022 June 19, v. 11, no. 6

    2022  

    Abstract: The colour of the silicone enclosure of an implantable reflectance-based optical probe plays a critical role in sensor performance. Red-coloured probes that are highly reflective to near-infrared light have been found to increase photodetector power by a ...

    Abstract The colour of the silicone enclosure of an implantable reflectance-based optical probe plays a critical role in sensor performance. Red-coloured probes that are highly reflective to near-infrared light have been found to increase photodetector power by a factor of 6 for wavelengths between 660 and 950 nm and triple the magnitude of measured cardiac pulsations compared to traditional black probes. The increase in photodetector power and cardiac pulsation magnitude is presumably due to increased spatial range resulting from a higher magnitude of superficial tissue scattering. Conversely, probes with highly absorbent colours such as black and blue result in more stable signals and are expected to have higher spatial resolution and depth of penetration.
    Keywords Biological Sciences ; absorbents ; color ; silicone
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0619
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology11060932
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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