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Book ; Online ; E-Book: How to Be a Scientist

Kemp, Roslyn A. / Brown, Deborah M.

Critical Thinking in the Life Sciences

2024

Abstract: Many undergraduate students choose a science degree but are not aware of how science and research works in the real world. We explain the processes of collecting, sharing and, most importantly, critical analysis of, scientific research, with a focus on ... ...

Author's details	Roslyn A. Kemp and Deborah M. Brown
Abstract	Many undergraduate students choose a science degree but are not aware of how science and research works in the real world. We explain the processes of collecting, sharing and, most importantly, critical analysis of, scientific research, with a focus on the life sciences.
Keywords	Life sciences/Methodology ; Life sciences/Research
Subject code	570.72
Language	English
Size	1 online resource (275 pages)
Edition	First edition.
Publisher	CRC Press
Publishing place	Boca Raton, FL
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Note	Includes index.
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
ISBN	1-003-32636-6 ; 1-000-98492-3 ; 1-03-258469-6 ; 0-8153-4609-3 ; 978-1-003-32636-6 ; 978-1-000-98492-7 ; 978-1-03-258469-0 ; 978-0-8153-4609-8
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Editorial: The Present and Future of Immunology Education.

Bottaro, Andrea / Brown, Deborah M / Frelinger, John G

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 744090

MeSH term(s)	Allergy and Immunology/education ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.744090
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Article ; Online: Protocolized care pathways in emergency general surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Harji, Deena P / Griffiths, Ben / Stocken, Deborah / Pearse, Rupert / Blazeby, Jane / Brown, Julia M

The British journal of surgery

2024 Volume 111, Issue 3

Abstract: Background: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. The delivery of standardized pathways in this setting may have the potential to transform clinical care and improve patient outcomes.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. The delivery of standardized pathways in this setting may have the potential to transform clinical care and improve patient outcomes. Methods: The OVID SP versions of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched between January 1950 and October 2022. All randomized and non-randomized cohort studies comparing protocolized care streams with standard care protocols in adult patients (>18 years old) undergoing major emergency abdominal surgery with 30-day follow-up data were included. Studies were excluded if they reported on standardized care protocols in the trauma or elective setting. Outcomes assessed included length of stay, 30-day postoperative morbidity, 30-day postoperative mortality and 30-day readmission and reoperations rates. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies and RoB-2 for randomized controlled trials. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects modelling. Results: Seventeen studies including 20 927 patients were identified, with 12 359 patients undergoing protocolized care pathways and 8568 patients undergoing standard care pathways. Thirteen unique protocolized pathways were identified, with a median of eight components (range 6-15), with compliance of 24-100%. Protocolized care pathways were associated with a shorter hospital stay compared to standard care pathways (mean difference -2.47, 95% c.i. -4.01 to -0.93, P = 0.002). Protocolized care pathways had no impact on postoperative mortality (OR 0.87, 95% c.i. 0.41 to 1.87, P = 0.72). A reduction in specific postoperative complications was observed, including postoperative pneumonia (OR 0.42 95% c.i. 0.24 to 0.73, P = 0.002) and surgical site infection (OR 0.34, 95% c.i. 0.21 to 0.55, P < 0.001). Discussion: Protocolized care pathways in the emergency setting currently lack standardization, with variable components and low compliance; however, despite this they are associated with short-term clinical benefits.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Critical Pathways ; Acute Care Surgery ; Length of Stay ; Postoperative Complications/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2985-3
ISSN	1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
ISSN (online)	1365-2168
ISSN	0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
DOI	10.1093/bjs/znae057
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Article ; Online: Modeling an immune response to influenza A virus infection in alveolar epithelial cells.

Miller, Marissa L / Brown, Deborah M / Wysocki, Tadeusz A

Biotechnology and bioengineering

2022 Volume 120, Issue 2, Page(s) 562–571

Abstract: Influenza A viruses (IAV) have been the cause of several influenza pandemics in history and are a significant threat for the next global pandemic. Hospitalized influenza patients often have excess interferon production and a dysregulated immune response ... ...

Abstract	Influenza A viruses (IAV) have been the cause of several influenza pandemics in history and are a significant threat for the next global pandemic. Hospitalized influenza patients often have excess interferon production and a dysregulated immune response to the IAV infection. Obtaining a better understanding of the mechanisms of IAV infection that induce these harmful effects would help drug developers and health professionals create more effective treatments for IAV infection and improve patient outcomes. IAV stimulates viral sensors and receptors expressed by alveolar epithelial cells, like RIG-I and toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). These two pathways coordinate with one another to induce expression of type III interferons to combat the infection. Presented here is a queuing theory-based model of these pathways that was designed to analyze the timing and amount of interferons produced in response to IAV single stranded RNA and double-stranded RNA detection. The model accurately represents biological data showing the necessary coordination of the RIG-I and TLR3 pathways for effective interferon production. This model can serve as the framework for future studies of IAV infection and identify new targets for potential treatments.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 3/genetics ; Toll-Like Receptor 3/metabolism ; Influenza A virus ; Interferons/genetics ; Interferons/metabolism ; Immunity ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; Interferons (9008-11-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280318-5
ISSN	1097-0290 ; 0006-3592
ISSN (online)	1097-0290
ISSN	0006-3592
DOI	10.1002/bit.28284
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Article ; Online: Analysis of education and previous nursing experience of certified PNPs in the United States.

Mudd, Shawna S / Brown, Kristen M / Key, Stephanie / Quinn, Margaret / Hawkins-Walsh, Elizabeth / Gilbert, Gregory E / Busch, Deborah W

Journal of pediatric nursing

2024

Abstract: Background: Educational programs to prepare nurse practitioners (NPs) were historically built upon foundational nursing experience. Originally prepared as certificate programs in 1965, the educational requirements for nurse practitioners (NPs) rapidly ... ...

Abstract	Background: Educational programs to prepare nurse practitioners (NPs) were historically built upon foundational nursing experience. Originally prepared as certificate programs in 1965, the educational requirements for nurse practitioners (NPs) rapidly shifted from certificate programs to the Master's degree (DellaBella, 2015; Fairman, 2008). As Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree programs increase in number, it is unknown whether this foundational nursing experience has changed, or if it differs by certification type for pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs). This study aimed to evaluate the educational preparation and prior nursing experience of primary care and acute care certified PNPs. Methods: A national survey of members of the Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Certification Board (N = 17,530) was completed (Mudd et al., 2022). A sub-analysis of this data was conducted (n = 1974). Results: There was no statistical evidence among either primary or acute care PNPs of an association between previous nursing experience and type of degree preparation (Master's or DNP). There was only a weak association between educational preparation and experience among acute care nurse practitioners. Most respondents were prepared at the Master's level, and 85% of all respondents had >1 year of nursing experience prior to returning for additional PNP education. Discussion: This study adds to the literature as it describes the educational preparation and foundational nursing experience of primary and acute care PNPs. It can serve as a benchmark as the move to the DNP continues for Advanced Practice Registered Nurse preparation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632731-x
ISSN	1532-8449 ; 0882-5963
ISSN (online)	1532-8449
ISSN	0882-5963
DOI	10.1016/j.pedn.2024.03.024
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Article ; Online: Auditory Brainstem Implant Outcomes in Tumor and Nontumor Patients: A Systematic Review.

Garcia, Alejandro / Haleem, Afash / Poe, Sonja / Gosh, Deborah / Christian Brown, M / Herrmann, Barbara S / Lee, Daniel J

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

2024

Abstract: Objective: To elucidate the differences in auditory performance between auditory brainstem implant (ABI) patients with tumor or nontumor etiologies.: Data sources: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection from 1990 to 2021.: Review ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To elucidate the differences in auditory performance between auditory brainstem implant (ABI) patients with tumor or nontumor etiologies. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection from 1990 to 2021. Review methods: We included published studies with 5 or more pediatric or adult ABI users. Auditory outcomes and side effects were analyzed with weighted means for closed-set, open-set speech, and categories of auditory performance (CAP) scores. Overall performance was compared using an Adult Pediatric Ranked Order Speech Perception (APROSPER) scale created for this study. Results: Thirty-six studies were included and underwent full-text review. Data were extracted for 662 tumor and 267 nontumor patients. 83% were postlingually deafened and 17% were prelingually deafened. Studies that included tumor ABI patients had a weighted mean speech recognition of 39.2% (range: 19.6%-83.3%) for closed-set words, 23.4% (range: 17.2%-37.5%) for open-set words, 21.5% (range: 2.7%-48.4%) for open-set sentences, and 3.1 (range: 1.0-3.2) for CAP scores. Studies including nontumor ABI patients had a weighted mean speech recognition of 79.8% (range: 31.7%-84.4%) for closed-set words, 53.0% (range: 14.6%-72.5%) for open-set sentences, and 2.30 (range: 2.0-4.7) for CAP scores. Mean APROSPER results indicate better auditory performance among nontumor versus tumor patients (3.5 vs 3.0, P = .04). Differences in most common side effects were also observed between tumor and nontumor ABI patients. Conclusion: Auditory performance is similar for tumor and nontumor patients for standardized auditory test scores. However, the APROSPER scale demonstrates better ABI performance for nontumor compared to tumor patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	392085-9
ISSN	1097-6817 ; 0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
ISSN (online)	1097-6817
ISSN	0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
DOI	10.1002/ohn.662
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Article: Implementation of Survivorship Care Plans in Patients With Glioblastoma.

Brown, Casey B / Allen, Deborah / Cone, Christina / Schneider, Susan M

Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology

2020 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–48

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2150-0878
ISSN	2150-0878
DOI	10.6004/jadpro.2020.11.1.2
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Article ; Online: The national blueprint for pregnancy/birth longitudinal cohorts to study factor VIII immunogenicity: NHLBI State of the Science (SOS) Workshop on factor VIII inhibitors.

Johnsen, Jill M / Brown, Deborah L

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia

2019 Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 603–609

Abstract: Introduction: Patients with haemophilia can develop inhibitors to exogenous coagulation factors. Some patients are tolerant to factor, while those who develop inhibitors do so early in life. Genetics and environmental factors are known to contribute to ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Patients with haemophilia can develop inhibitors to exogenous coagulation factors. Some patients are tolerant to factor, while those who develop inhibitors do so early in life. Genetics and environmental factors are known to contribute to inhibitor risk. However, it is not yet possible to predict inhibitor formation or treatment responsiveness in individuals. We hypothesize that factors in the antenatal/neonatal period inform inhibitor risk development. Aim: To consider the design of longitudinal studies beginning in the antenatal/neonatal period and the use of new technologies to better understand haemophilia inhibitors. Methods: A working group was formed for the NHLBI State of the Science Workshop: Factor VIII Inhibitors: Generating a National Blueprint for Future Research to solicit input from the US haemophilia community and international collaborators to consider design of pregnancy/birth longitudinal cohorts that leverage -omics, existing phenotypic data, and in silico modelling to study inhibitors. Results: An antenatal/neonatal longitudinal cohort should begin with enrolment of pregnant genetic carriers of haemophilia and span the at-risk period for inhibitor development in the child. Data and samples from the mother, placenta, neonate and young child can be obtained that are amenable to existing assays, genomics and other -omics studies. Data can inform in silico prediction and mathematical models. Conclusion: A longitudinal study beginning before birth offers the unique opportunity to study factors that influence inhibitor development prior to exposure. Advances in -omics and computational biology can study complex phenotypes in this rare disease. This study could be accomplished through interdisciplinary efforts and patient community engagement.
MeSH term(s)	Cohort Studies ; Computer Simulation ; Databases, Factual ; Education ; Factor VIII/immunology ; Female ; Hemophilia A/drug therapy ; Hemophilia A/immunology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mothers ; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.) ; Parturition ; Placenta/immunology ; Pregnancy ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; United States
Chemical Substances	Factor VIII (9001-27-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1229713-6
ISSN	1365-2516 ; 1351-8216 ; 1355-0691
ISSN (online)	1365-2516
ISSN	1351-8216 ; 1355-0691
DOI	10.1111/hae.13739
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Article: Perineuronal nets in the rat medial prefrontal cortex alter hippocampal-prefrontal oscillations and reshape cocaine self-administration memories.

Wingert, Jereme C / Ramos, Jonathan D / Reynolds, Sebastian X / Gonzalez, Angela E / Rose, R Mae / Hegarty, Deborah M / Aicher, Sue A / Bailey, Lydia G / Brown, Travis E / Abbas, Atheir I / Sorg, Barbara A

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a major contributor to relapse to cocaine in humans and to reinstatement behavior in rodent models of cocaine use disorder. Output from the mPFC is modulated by parvalbumin (PV)-containing fast-spiking interneurons, ...

Abstract	The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a major contributor to relapse to cocaine in humans and to reinstatement behavior in rodent models of cocaine use disorder. Output from the mPFC is modulated by parvalbumin (PV)-containing fast-spiking interneurons, the majority of which are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs). Here we tested whether chondroitinase ABC (ABC)- mediated removal of PNNs prevented the acquisition or reconsolidation of a cocaine self-administration memory. ABC injections into the dorsal mPFC prior to training attenuated the acquisition of cocaine self-administration. Also, ABC given 3 days prior to but not 1 hr after memory reactivation blocked cue-induced reinstatement. However, reduced reinstatement was present only in rats given a
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.02.05.577568
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Article ; Online: Farnesol remodels the peritoneal cavity immune environment influencing

Hargarten, Jessica C / Vaughan, Malcolm J / Lampe, Anna T / Jones, Riley M / Ssebambulidde, Kenneth / Nickerson, Kenneth W / Williamson, Peter R / Atkin, Audrey L / Brown, Deborah M

Infection and immunity

2023 Volume 91, Issue 12, Page(s) e0038423

Abstract: ... Candida ... ...

Abstract	Candida albi
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Candida albicans ; Farnesol/pharmacology ; Peritoneal Cavity/pathology ; Candidiasis/microbiology ; Intraabdominal Infections ; Virulence Factors
Chemical Substances	Farnesol (4602-84-0) ; Virulence Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218698-6
ISSN	1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
ISSN (online)	1098-5522
ISSN	0019-9567
DOI	10.1128/iai.00384-23
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