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  1. Article ; Online: Long-term trends in hepatitis C prevalence, treatment uptake and liver-related events in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

    Baumann, Lukas / Braun, Dominique L / Cavassini, Matthias / Stoeckle, Marcel / Bernasconi, Enos / Schmid, Patrick / Calmy, Alexandra / Haerry, David / Béguelin, Charles / Fux, Christoph A / Wandeler, Gilles / Surial, Bernard / Rauch, Andri

    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver

    2023  Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 169–179

    Abstract: Background and aims: Treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections changed dramatically ... liver-related morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV (PWH) and hepatitis C in the Swiss HIV ... in persons living with HIV and hepatitis C. ...

    Abstract Background and aims: Treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections changed dramatically in the last decade. We assessed changes in the prevalence of replicating HCV infection, treatment uptake and liver-related morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV (PWH) and hepatitis C in the Swiss HIV cohort study.
    Methods: We included all cohort participants between 2002 and 2021. We assessed yearly prevalence of replicating HCV infection, overall and liver-related mortality, as well as the yearly incidence of liver-related events in persons with at least one documented positive HCV-RNA.
    Results: Of 14 652 participants under follow-up, 2294 had at least one positive HCV-RNA measurement. Of those, 1316 (57%) ever received an HCV treatment. Treatment uptake increased from 8.1% in 2002 to a maximum of 32.6% in 2016. Overall, prevalence of replicating HCV infection declined from 16.5% in 2004 to 1.3% in 2021. HCV prevalence declined from 63.2% to 7.1% in persons who inject drugs, and from 4.1% to 0.6% in men who have sex with men. Among the 2294 persons with replicating HCV infection, overall mortality declined from a maximum of 3.3 per 100 patient-years (PY) to 1.1 per 100 PY, and incidence of liver-related events decreased from 1.4/100 PY to 0.2/100 PY.
    Conclusions: The introduction of DAA therapy was associated with a more than 10-fold reduction in prevalence of replicating HCV infection in PWH, approaching the estimates in the general population. Overall mortality and liver-related events declined substantially in persons living with HIV and hepatitis C.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Cohort Studies ; Homosexuality, Male ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Drug Users ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/complications ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Coinfection/drug therapy ; RNA
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; RNA (63231-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2102783-3
    ISSN 1478-3231 ; 1478-3223
    ISSN (online) 1478-3231
    ISSN 1478-3223
    DOI 10.1111/liv.15754
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  2. Article ; Online: A high C-reactive protein/procalcitonin ratio predicts Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

    Neeser, Olivia L / Vukajlovic, Tanja / Felder, Laetitia / Haubitz, Sebastian / Hammerer-Lercher, Angelika / Ottiger, Cornelia / Mueller, Beat / Schuetz, Philipp / Fux, Christoph A

    Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine

    2019  Volume 57, Issue 10, Page(s) 1638–1646

    Abstract: ... ratio (OR 0.9, 0.82-0.99) and an elevated C-reactive protein/procalcitonin (CRP/PCT) ratio (OR 15.04 [5 ...

    Abstract Background Discriminating Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) from Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and viral etiologies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is challenging but has important implications regarding empiric antibiotic therapy. We investigated patient parameters upon hospital admission to predict MP infection. Methods All patients hospitalized in a tertiary care hospital between 2013 and 2017 for CAP with a confirmed etiology were analyzed using logistic regression analyses and area under the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves (AUC) for associations between demographic, clinical and laboratory features and the causative pathogen. Results We analyzed 568 patients with CAP, including 47 (8%) with MP; 152 (27%) with SP and 369 (65%) with influenza or other viruses. Comparing MP and SP by multivariate logistic regression analysis, younger age (odds ration [OR] 0.56 per 10 years, 95% CI 0.42-0.73), a lower neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (OR 0.9, 0.82-0.99) and an elevated C-reactive protein/procalcitonin (CRP/PCT) ratio (OR 15.04 [5.23-43.26] for a 400 mg/μg cut-off) independently predicted MP. With a ROC curve AUC of 0.91 (0.80 for the >400 mg/μg cutoff), the CRP/PCT ratio was the strongest predictor of MP vs. SP. The discriminatory value resulted from significantly lower PCT values (p < 0.001) for MP, while CRP was high in both groups (p = 0.057). Comparing MP and viral infections showed similar results with again the CRP/PCT ratio providing the best information (AUC 0.83; OR 5.55 for the >400 mg/μg cutoff, 2.26-13.64). Conclusions In patients hospitalized with CAP, a high admission CRP/PCT ratio predicts M. pneumoniae infection and may improve empiric management.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Calcitonin/analysis ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/analysis ; Community-Acquired Infections ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae/metabolism ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae/pathogenicity ; Neutrophils ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/blood ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/metabolism ; Procalcitonin/analysis ; Procalcitonin/blood ; Prognosis ; Protein Precursors ; ROC Curve ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/pathogenicity
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Procalcitonin ; Protein Precursors ; Calcitonin (9007-12-9) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (JHB2QIZ69Z)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1418007-8
    ISSN 1437-4331 ; 1434-6621 ; 1437-8523
    ISSN (online) 1437-4331
    ISSN 1434-6621 ; 1437-8523
    DOI 10.1515/cclm-2019-0194
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  3. Article ; Online: Management of hepatitis C in opioid agonist therapy patients of the Swiss canton Aargau within and outside the cohort study.

    Schürch, Sophie / Fux, Christoph A / Dehler, Silvia / Conen, Anna / Knuchel, Jürg / Friedl, Andrée / Eigenmann, Franz / Roser, Patrik / Ackle, Peter / Bregenzer, Andrea

    Swiss medical weekly

    2020  Volume 150, Page(s) w20317

    Abstract: With regard to HCV elimination in opioid agonist therapy patients by 2030, case finding and regular screening for new and re-infections remain a challenge, especially for non-cohort patients in a decentralised setting. Documentation of the HCV sero- and ... ...

    Abstract With regard to HCV elimination in opioid agonist therapy patients by 2030, case finding and regular screening for new and re-infections remain a challenge, especially for non-cohort patients in a decentralised setting. Documentation of the HCV sero- and RNA status of each opioid agonist therapy  patient by the cantonal physician and a yearly HCV screening reminder sent to the opioid agonist therapy prescriber combined with capillary HCV antibody and HCV RNA testing might facilitate the implementation of the FOPH guidelines. Prescription of direct-acting antivirals directly by the opioid agonist therapy prescriber could increase awareness and improve linkage to care.
    MeSH term(s) Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Cohort Studies ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Humans ; Switzerland
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2036179-8
    ISSN 1424-3997 ; 1424-7860
    ISSN (online) 1424-3997
    ISSN 1424-7860
    DOI 10.4414/smw.2020.20317
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  4. Book ; Online: Noscapin: Indikation und Nebenwirkungen

    Gleiter, Christoph / Metke, Norbert / Fux, Richard

    (Verordnungsforum ; 55)

    2020  

    Title variant Gesundheits-Apps auf Rezept ; Einzelfallprüfungen bei Kontrazeptiva
    Institution Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Baden-Württemberg
    Author's details Herausgeber: KVBW, Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Baden-Württemberg ; Redaktion: Dr. med. Norbert Metke (verantwortlich) [und 10 andere] ; Autoren KVBW: Dr. med. Richard Fux [und 4 andere] ; Autoren extern: Prof. Dr. med. Christoph H. Gleiter, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Department für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Pharmakogenomik, Abteilung Klinische Pharmakologie
    Series title Verordnungsforum ; 55
    Collection
    Subject code 610
    Language German
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (35 Seiten)
    Publisher KVBW Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Baden-Württemberg
    Publishing place Stuttgart
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021199634
    DOI 10.4126/FRL01-006431188
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  5. Book ; Online: Protonenpumpeninhibitoren

    Gleiter, Christoph / Metke, Norbert / Fux, Richard

    (Verordnungsforum ; 54)

    2020  

    Institution Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Baden-Württemberg
    Author's details Herausgeber: KVBW, Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Baden-Württemberg ; Redaktion: Dr. med. Norbert Metke (verantwortlich) [und 10 andere] ; Autoren KVBW: Dr. med. Richard Fux [und 3 andere] ; Autoren extern: Prof. Dr. med. Christoph H. Gleiter, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Department für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Pharmakogenomik, Abteilung Klinische Pharmakologie
    Series title Verordnungsforum ; 54
    Collection
    Subject code 610
    Language German
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (31 Seiten), Diagramme
    Publisher KVBW Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Baden-Württemberg
    Publishing place Stuttgart
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021199512
    DOI 10.4126/FRL01-006431186
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  6. Article: Incident Hepatitis C Virus Infections in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study: Changes in Treatment Uptake and Outcomes Between 1991 and 2013.

    Wandeler, Gilles / Schlauri, Marion / Jaquier, Marie-Eve / Rohrbach, Janine / Metzner, Karin J / Fehr, Jan / Ambrosioni, Juan / Cavassini, Matthias / Stöckle, Marcel / Schmid, Patrick / Bernasconi, Enos / Keiser, Olivia / Salazar-Vizcaya, Luisa / Furrer, Hansjakob / Rauch, Andri / Aubert, V / Battegay, M / Bernasconi, E / Böni, J /
    Bucher, H C / Burton-Jeangros, C / Calmy, A / Cavassini, M / Dollenmaier, G / Egger, M / Elzi, L / Fehr, J / Fellay, J / Furrer, H / Fux, C A / Gorgievski, M / Günthard, H / Haerry, D / Hasse, B / Hirsch, H H / Hoffmann, M / Hösli, I / Kahlert, C / Kaiser, L / Keiser, O / Klimkait, T / Kouyos, R / Kovari, H / Ledergerber, B / Martinetti, G / Martinez de Tejada, B / Metzner, K / Müller, N / Nadal, D / Nicca, D / Pantaleo, G / Rauch, A / Regenass, S / Rickenbach, M / Rudin, C / Schöni-Affolter, F / Schmid, P / Schüpbach, J / Speck, R / Tarr, P / Telenti, A / Trkola, A / Vernazza, P / Weber, R / Yerly, S

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2015  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) ofv026

    Abstract: Background.  The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic is evolving rapidly in patients infected ... before to 85% after 2006 (P < .001). Hepatitis C virus treatment uptake increased from 33% before 2006 to 77 ...

    Abstract Background.  The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic is evolving rapidly in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We aimed to describe changes in treatment uptake and outcomes of incident HCV infections before and after 2006, the time-point at which major changes in HCV epidemic became apparent. Methods.  We included all adults with an incident HCV infection before June 2012 in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, a prospective nationwide representative cohort of individuals infected with HIV. We assessed the following outcomes by time period: the proportion of patients starting an HCV therapy, the proportion of treated patients achieving a sustained virological response (SVR), and the proportion of patients with persistent HCV infection during follow-up. Results.  Of 193 patients with an HCV seroconversion, 106 were diagnosed before and 87 after January 2006. The proportion of men who have sex with men increased from 24% before to 85% after 2006 (P < .001). Hepatitis C virus treatment uptake increased from 33% before 2006 to 77% after 2006 (P < .001). Treatment was started during early infection in 22% of patients before and 91% after 2006 (P < .001). An SVR was achieved in 78% and 29% (P = .01) of patients treated during early and chronic HCV infection. The probability of having a detectable viral load 5 years after diagnosis was 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58-0.77) in the group diagnosed before 2006 and 0.24 (95% CI, 0.16-0.35) in the other group (P < .001). Conclusions.  In recent years, increased uptake and earlier initiation of HCV therapy among patients with incident infections significantly reduced the proportion of patients with replicating HCV.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofv026
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  7. Article ; Online: Use of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and white blood cell count to distinguish between lower limb erysipelas and deep vein thrombosis in the emergency department: A prospective observational study.

    Rast, Anna C / Knobel, Demian / Faessler, Lukas / Kutz, Alexander / Felder, Susan / Laukemann, Svenja / Steiner, Deborah / Haubitz, Sebastian / Fux, Christoph A / Huber, Andreas / Mueller, Beat / Schuetz, Philipp

    The Journal of dermatology

    2015  Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 778–785

    Abstract: ... procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count in the diagnosis of localized ...

    Abstract Early differentiation of erysipelas from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) based solely on clinical signs and symptoms is challenging. There is a lack of data regarding the usefulness of the inflammatory biomarkers procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count in the diagnosis of localized cutaneous infections. Herein, we investigated the diagnostic value of inflammatory markers in a prospective at-risk patient population. This is an observational quality control study including consecutive patients presenting with a final diagnosis of either erysipelas or DVT. The association of PCT (μg/L) and CRP (mg/L) levels and WBC counts (g/L) with the primary outcome was assessed using logistic regression models with area under the receiver-operator curve. Forty-eight patients (erysipelas, n = 31; DVT, n = 17) were included. Compared with patients with DVT, those with erysipelas had significantly higher PCT concentrations. No significant differences in CRP concentrations and WBC counts were found between the two groups. At a PCT threshold of 0.1 μg/L or more, specificity and positive predictive values (PPV) for erysipelas were 82.4% and 85.7%, respectively, and increased to 100% and 100% at a threshold of more than 0.25 μg/L. Levels of PCT also correlated with the severity of erysipelas, with a stepwise increase according to systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria. We found a high discriminatory value of PCT for differentiation between erysipelas and DVT, in contrast to other commonly used inflammatory biomarkers. Whether the use of PCT levels for early differentiation of erysipelas from DVT reduces unnecessary antibiotic exposure needs to be assessed in an interventional trial.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/blood ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Calcitonin/blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Erysipelas/blood ; Erysipelas/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Venous Thrombosis/blood ; Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Calcitonin (9007-12-9) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 800103-0
    ISSN 1346-8138 ; 0385-2407
    ISSN (online) 1346-8138
    ISSN 0385-2407
    DOI 10.1111/1346-8138.12922
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    Zs.B 1950: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Management of hepatitis C in decentralised versus centralised drug substitution programmes and minimally invasive point-of-care tests to close gaps in the HCV cascade.

    Bregenzer, Andrea / Conen, Anna / Knuchel, Jürg / Friedl, Andrée / Eigenmann, Franz / Näf, Martin / Ackle, Peter / Roth, Martin / Fux, Christoph Andreas

    Swiss medical weekly

    2017  Volume 147, Page(s) w14544

    Abstract: Background: In Switzerland, intravenous drug use accounts for the majority of hepatitis C ... transmission among intravenous drug users is still ongoing. The management of hepatitis C in drug substitution ... necessary to eliminate hepatitis C by 2030. ...

    Abstract Background: In Switzerland, intravenous drug use accounts for the majority of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Early HCV treatment prevents further transmissions and reduces morbidity and mortality due to decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, patients in drug substitution programmes are often insufficiently screened and treated.
    Aim: The aim was to compare the current state of HCV management in centralised and decentralised drug substitution programmes of the canton Aargau. Objectives were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HCV prevalence, compliance with guidelines and gaps in the HCV cascade, as well as feasibility/acceptance/validity of HIV/HCV rapid tests on finger-prick blood and noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment with Fibroscan®.
    Methods: For the cross-sectional study, in June 2013, questionnaires and free rapid tests for HIV (Determine®) and HCV (OraQuick®) that used capillary blood (finger-stick) were sent to 161 physicians providing drug substitution treatment for 631 patients. Free liver fibrosis assessment with Fibroscan® by a member of the study team was offered to all patients. Additionally, patients were directly recruited by the study team in the heroin substitution programme and several addiction clinics visited every 4-6 months, as well as in the Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic (questionnaire, rapid tests and Fibroscan® in the same session).
    Results: Between July 2013 and July 2015, 205 (32.5%) of the 631 patients receiving opioid substitution in the canton Aargau were enrolled, 192 (93.7%) with HIV/HCV rapid tests and 167 (81.5%) with Fibroscan®. Acceptance of Fibroscan® was higher when offered in the same session (94.1 vs 69.2%). Overall, 77.8% had ever used intravenous drugs. HCV seroprevalence was 53.7% (109/203), HCV RNA prevalence 27.8%. Overall, 7.4% (15/202) were HIV infected, all of whom were HCV co-infected and under antiretroviral treatment. Of the 205 patients included, 104 (50.7%) were recruited in a decentralised setting (family practice / pharmacy) and 101 (49.3%) in a centralised setting (heroin programme, addiction clinic, Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic). Compliance with guidelines (regular HIV/HCV screening, workup of HCV-positive patients, availability of HAV/HBV serology) was consistently lower in the decentralised setting, characterised by a higher proportion of females, longer median time in the programme, lower percentage of daily attendance, ever-use of intravenous drugs and HIV and HCV infections. We identified several gaps in the HCV cascade: 23.9% (49/205) had never been HCV screened; 18.9% (18/95) of the HCV positive patients had no HCV RNA test. Of the 61 patients developing chronic HCV infection, 19.7% (12) were not HCV genotyped, 52.5% (32) had no liver fibrosis assessment (liver biopsy) and 54.1% (33) never received treatment; 25.0% (7/28) did not achieve a sustained virological response with interferon-based treatment. The 192 HCV rapid tests showed a sensitivity of 90.4% (94/104; 95% confidence interval 84.7-96.1%) and a specificity of 100% (88/88), and provided 14 new HCV diagnoses. Eight of ten patients with a false-negative HCV rapid test were HCV RNA negative (2 unknown). Among the 88.6% (39/44) currently HCV RNA-positive individuals with valid Fibroscan® results, 24 (61.5%) had a liver stiffness <7.5 kPa. Both HIV co-infection and alcohol overconsumption doubled the risk of severe fibrosis/cirrhosis in HCV positive patients.
    Conclusion: In contrast to HIV, HCV transmission among intravenous drug users is still ongoing. The management of hepatitis C in drug substitution patients needs improvement, especially in family practices. Minimally invasive "point-of-care" diagnostics such as the HCV antibody rapid test using capillary blood and mobile Fibroscan® can close some of the gaps in the HCV cascade. HCV RNA determination in capillary blood is still an unmet need. A "one-stop strategy" might improve linkage to care. Restricting the new, highly efficient (90-100% sustained virological response for all genotypes) direct-acting antivirals to patients with at least stage F2 fibrosis withholds treatment from two thirds of the chronically infected and prevents us from reaching the WHO goal of 80% treatment uptake necessary to eliminate hepatitis C by 2030.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Coinfection ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/transmission ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/prevention & control ; Male ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Point-of-Care Testing/utilization ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; Substance-Related Disorders/complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Switzerland/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2036179-8
    ISSN 1424-3997 ; 1424-7860
    ISSN (online) 1424-3997
    ISSN 1424-7860
    DOI 10.4414/smw.2017.14544
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  9. Article: Hepatitis C virus and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Findings from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

    Franceschi, S / Polesel, J / Rickenbach, M / Dal Maso, L / Probst-Hensch, N M / Fux, C / Cavassini, M / Hasse, B / Kofler, A / Ledergerber, B / Erb, P / Clifford, G M

    British journal of cancer

    2006  Volume 95, Issue 11, Page(s) 1598–1602

    Abstract: Infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and, possibly, hepatitis B virus (HBV) are associated ...

    Abstract Infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and, possibly, hepatitis B virus (HBV) are associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in the general population, but little information is available on the relationship between hepatitis viruses and NHL among people with HIV (PHIV). We conducted a matched case-control study nested in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). Two hundred and ninety-eight NHL cases and 889 control subjects were matched by SHCS centre, gender, age group, CD4+ count at enrollment, and length of follow-up. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using logistic regression to evaluate the association between NHL and seropositivity for antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) and hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Anti-HCV was not associated with increased NHL risk overall (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.63-1.75), or in different strata of CD4+ count, age or gender. Only among men having sex with men was an association with anti-HCV found (OR = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.03-5.43). No relationships between NHL risk and anti-HBc or HBsAg emerged. Coinfection with HIV and HCV or HBV did not increase NHL risk compared to HIV alone in the SHCS.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B/complications ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis C/complications ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/complications ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/epidemiology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Switzerland
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-11-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80075-2
    ISSN 1532-1827 ; 0007-0920
    ISSN (online) 1532-1827
    ISSN 0007-0920
    DOI 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603472
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  10. Article ; Online: A retrospective evaluation of phenobarbital-induced hematologic changes in 69 cats.

    Dohány, Anna / Guija-de-Arespacochaga, Abigail / Fux, Daniela / Silberbauer, Christina / Pákozdy, Ákos

    Veterinary clinical pathology

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 601–606

    Abstract: Background: Phenobarbital (PB) is used as a first-line treatment for recurrent epileptic seizures in cats. While hematologic abnormalities are well-known side effects of antiepileptic therapy with PB in humans and dogs, little is known about such ... ...

    Abstract Background: Phenobarbital (PB) is used as a first-line treatment for recurrent epileptic seizures in cats. While hematologic abnormalities are well-known side effects of antiepileptic therapy with PB in humans and dogs, little is known about such alterations in cats.
    Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical relevance of cytopenia during PB treatment in cats.
    Methods: In this single-center, retrospective clinical study, 69 cats-with suspected idiopathic epilepsy admitted to the Small Animal Clinic of the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna (VMU)-were included. A complete blood count for each patient was performed, and changes in hematocrit, leukocytes, neutrophils, and thrombocytes were documented and graded.
    Results: Fifty-three out of 69 cats (76.8%) showed cytopenias with a reduction of at least one cell fraction during PB treatment. The most frequent change was neutropenia (60%), followed by leukopenia (49.3%), thrombocytopenia (24.1%), and anemia (20.3%). Most of the changes were mild or moderate; only one patient (1.5%) showed severe leukopenia and neutropenia, and one was a life-threatening neutropenia (1.5%) with a serum PB concentration within or even below the therapeutic range. These patients did not present with clinical symptoms other than those related to epileptic episodes. Cats who received combination therapy showed lower hematocrits than those who received monotherapy. A tendency for leukocytes and neutrophils to decrease during PB treatment was also seen.
    Conclusions: Blood cytopenias may frequently occur in cats on chronic PB therapy, even when serum drug levels are within the therapeutic range. However, clinical signs are typically mild to moderate and rarely severe.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cats ; Anemia/chemically induced ; Anemia/drug therapy ; Anemia/veterinary ; Anticonvulsants/adverse effects ; Cat Diseases/chemically induced ; Cat Diseases/drug therapy ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Epilepsy/veterinary ; Epilepsy/chemically induced ; Neutropenia/chemically induced ; Neutropenia/veterinary ; Neutropenia/drug therapy ; Phenobarbital/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures/chemically induced ; Seizures/drug therapy ; Seizures/veterinary
    Chemical Substances Anticonvulsants ; Phenobarbital (YQE403BP4D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2114702-4
    ISSN 1939-165X ; 0275-6382
    ISSN (online) 1939-165X
    ISSN 0275-6382
    DOI 10.1111/vcp.13259
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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