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  1. Article ; Online: Randomised clinical trial investigating the specificity of a novel skin test (C-Tb) for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection.

    Aggerbeck, Henrik / Giemza, Rafaela / Joshi, Paulatsya / Tingskov, Pernille N / Hoff, Søren T / Boyle, Julia / Andersen, Peter / Lewis, David J M

    PloS one

    2013  Volume 8, Issue 5, Page(s) e64215

    Abstract: ... of recombinant ESAT-6 and CFP-10 (C-Tb) produced in Lactococcus lactis for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection ... Methods: In a dose finding phase I trial 0.01 or 0.1 µg preserved and unpreserved C-Tb was injected ... specificity trial in 151 uninfected, BCG vaccinated participants 0.1 µg C-Tb was compared to 2 TU PPD ...

    Abstract Background: Tuberculin skin testing is simple and relatively inexpensive, but the specificity of PPD is affected by BCG vaccination.
    Objective: Determine optimal dose and specificity of recombinant ESAT-6 and CFP-10 (C-Tb) produced in Lactococcus lactis for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection.
    Methods: In a dose finding phase I trial 0.01 or 0.1 µg preserved and unpreserved C-Tb was injected by Mantoux technique in 38 patients with active tuberculosis and induration responses measured. In a phase II specificity trial in 151 uninfected, BCG vaccinated participants 0.1 µg C-Tb was compared to 2 TU PPD.
    Results: 0.1 µg C-Tb gave a median induration of 15 mm after 2 days. Phenol preservation did not affect the response. The specificity of C-Tb was 99.3% (95% CI 96-100%) regarding indurations ≥5 mm as a positive outcome. This was higher than the specificity of PPD (63% using a cut-off of 5 mm or 92% using a cut-off of 15 mm to adjust for non-specific BCG responses). Local adverse reactions following C-Tb injection included transient itching and discomfort as expected components of the immune response.
    Conclusion: C-Tb offers a simple and convenient skin test to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection using a single, universal cut-off unaffected by BCG vaccination.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01033929 and NCT01241188.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, Bacterial/adverse effects ; Antigens, Bacterial/chemistry ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Bacterial Proteins/adverse effects ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry ; Bacterial Proteins/immunology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium bovis/immunology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology ; Phenol/chemistry ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculin Test/adverse effects ; Tuberculin Test/methods ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/immunology ; Vaccination ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Proteins ; CFP-10 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; ESAT-6 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Phenol (339NCG44TV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-05-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase I ; Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0064215
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: The loop C region of the murine 5-HT3A receptor contributes to the differential actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine and m-chlorophenylbiguanide.

    Suryanarayanan, Asha / Joshi, Prasad R / Bikádi, Zsolt / Mani, Muthalagi / Kulkarni, Trupti R / Gaines, Chandra / Schulte, Marvin K

    Biochemistry

    2005  Volume 44, Issue 25, Page(s) 9140–9149

    Abstract: ... to investigate the role of amino acids from the loop C region of the murine 5-HT(3AS)R in interacting with two ... structurally different agonists, serotonin (5-HT) and m-chlorophenylbiguanide (mCPBG). Mutant receptors were ... interaction of these ligands with loop C. Residues F226 and Y234 are important for both 5-HT and mCPBG ...

    Abstract Sequence and predicted structural similarities between members of the Cys loop superfamily of ligand-gated ion channel receptors and the acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) suggest that the ligand-binding site is formed by six loops that intersect at subunit interfaces. We employed site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the role of amino acids from the loop C region of the murine 5-HT(3AS)R in interacting with two structurally different agonists, serotonin (5-HT) and m-chlorophenylbiguanide (mCPBG). Mutant receptors were evaluated using radioligand binding, two-electrode voltage clamp, and immunofluorescence studies. Electrophysiological assays were employed to identify changes in response characteristics and relative efficacies of mCPBG and the partial agonist, 2-methyl 5-HT (2-Me5-HT). We have also constructed novel 5-HT and mCPBG docked models of the receptor binding site based on homology models of the AChBP. Both ligand-docked models correlate well with results from mutagenesis and electrophysiological assays. Four key amino acids were identified as being important to ligand binding and/or gating of the receptor. Among these, I228 and D229 are specific for effects mediated by 5-HT compared to mCPBG, indicating a differential interaction of these ligands with loop C. Residues F226 and Y234 are important for both 5-HT and mCPBG interactions. Mutations at F226, I228, and Y234 also altered the relative efficacies of agonists, suggesting a role in the gating mechanism.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biguanides/chemistry ; Biguanides/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Electrophysiology ; Humans ; Methylation ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation/genetics ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Radioligand Assay ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/chemistry ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/genetics ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Serotonin/chemistry ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Agonists ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists/chemistry ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists/metabolism ; Xenopus laevis
    Chemical Substances Biguanides ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 ; Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Agonists ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; 1-(3-chlorophenyl)biguanide (910A4X901V)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-06-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1108-3
    ISSN 1520-4995 ; 0006-2960
    ISSN (online) 1520-4995
    ISSN 0006-2960
    DOI 10.1021/bi050661e
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Consumer grievance reporting in G.M.C. Hospital, Miraj.

    Yadav, J U / Joshi, J K / Kumbhar, S K

    Indian journal of public health

    2007  Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 68–69

    Abstract: A cross-sectional study conducted among 400 'consumers' at G.M.C. Hospital, Miraj revealed 91 ...

    Abstract A cross-sectional study conducted among 400 'consumers' at G.M.C. Hospital, Miraj revealed 91% consumers had one/more grievance/s. Higher grievances reported in illiterates, lower social class, indoor patients, surgical patients. Lower grievances reported in age < 15 yrs and 31-45 yrs, rural dwellers. Sex and new / old status of patients not affected grievance- reporting. 10 grievances out of 38 were found to be of serious nature. Some grievances (e.g. post-operative complications, discharge without clinical relief, absence of counselling, cursory clinical examination etc.) might have potential as possible medical negligence.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hospital Administration ; Humans ; India ; Male ; Malpractice ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; Sex Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-01
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 800737-8
    ISSN 2229-7693 ; 0019-557X
    ISSN (online) 2229-7693
    ISSN 0019-557X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Randomised clinical trial investigating the specificity of a novel skin test (C-Tb) for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection.

    Henrik Aggerbeck / Rafaela Giemza / Paulatsya Joshi / Pernille N Tingskov / Søren T Hoff / Julia Boyle / Peter Andersen / David J M Lewis

    PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e

    2013  Volume 64215

    Abstract: ... ESAT-6 and CFP-10 (C-Tb) produced in Lactococcus lactis for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection ... METHODS: In a dose finding phase I trial 0.01 or 0.1 µg preserved and unpreserved C-Tb was injected ... specificity trial in 151 uninfected, BCG vaccinated participants 0.1 µg C-Tb was compared to 2 TU PPD. RESULTS ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Tuberculin skin testing is simple and relatively inexpensive, but the specificity of PPD is affected by BCG vaccination. OBJECTIVE: Determine optimal dose and specificity of recombinant ESAT-6 and CFP-10 (C-Tb) produced in Lactococcus lactis for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection. METHODS: In a dose finding phase I trial 0.01 or 0.1 µg preserved and unpreserved C-Tb was injected by Mantoux technique in 38 patients with active tuberculosis and induration responses measured. In a phase II specificity trial in 151 uninfected, BCG vaccinated participants 0.1 µg C-Tb was compared to 2 TU PPD. RESULTS: 0.1 µg C-Tb gave a median induration of 15 mm after 2 days. Phenol preservation did not affect the response. The specificity of C-Tb was 99.3% (95% CI 96-100%) regarding indurations ≥5 mm as a positive outcome. This was higher than the specificity of PPD (63% using a cut-off of 5 mm or 92% using a cut-off of 15 mm to adjust for non-specific BCG responses). Local adverse reactions following C-Tb injection included transient itching and discomfort as expected components of the immune response. CONCLUSION: C-Tb offers a simple and convenient skin test to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection using a single, universal cut-off unaffected by BCG vaccination. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01033929 and NCT01241188.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Re: a novel drug eluting ureteral stent: a prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a ketorolac loaded ureteral stent: A. E. Krambeck, R. S. Walsh, J. D. Denstedt, G. M. Preminger, J. Li, J. C. Evans and J. E. Lingeman J Urol 2010; 183: 1037-1043.

    Joshi, H B / Keeley, F X / Timoney, A G

    The Journal of urology

    2010  Volume 184, Issue 5, Page(s) 2217–8; author reply 2218

    MeSH term(s) Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage ; Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects ; Humans ; Ketorolac/administration & dosage ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Pain/drug therapy ; Pain/etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Prosthesis Design ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Ureter/surgery
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Ketorolac (YZI5105V0L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 3176-8
    ISSN 1527-3792 ; 0022-5347
    ISSN (online) 1527-3792
    ISSN 0022-5347
    DOI 10.1016/j.juro.2010.06.124
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Digital PCR: A Partitioning-Based Application for Detection and Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 from Sewage Samples.

    Prajapati, Bhumika / Rathore, Dalipsingh / Joshi, Chaitanya / Joshi, Madhvi

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2023  Volume 2967, Page(s) 1–16

    Abstract: The wastewater-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a potential tool for cost-effective, simple, and long-term monitoring of the pandemic. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, several developed countries have incorporated the national wastewater ... ...

    Abstract The wastewater-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a potential tool for cost-effective, simple, and long-term monitoring of the pandemic. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, several developed countries have incorporated the national wastewater surveillance program into their national policies related to pandemic management. Various research groups have utilized the approach of real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) for the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 from environmental samples like sewage water. However, detection and quantification using RT-qPCR relies on standards and is known to have lesser tolerance to inhibitors present in the sample. Unlike RT-qPCR, digital PCR (dPCR) offers an absolute and sensitive quantification without a need reference and offers higher tolerance to inhibitors present in the wastewater samples. Additionally, the accuracy of detection increases with the presence of rare target copies in the sample. The methodology herein presented comprises the detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 from sewer shed samples using the dPCR approach. The main features of the process include virus concentration and absolute quantification of the virus surpassing the substantial presence of inhibitors in the sample. This chapter presents the optimized PEG and NaCl-based protocol for virus concentration followed by nucleic acid extraction and quantification using CDC-approved N1 + N2 assay. The protocol uses MS2 bacteriophage as a process recovery or internal control.The methodology herein described highlights the importance of digital PCR technologies for environmental surveillance of important emerging pathogens or pandemics.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Sewage ; Wastewater ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; COVID-19 Testing
    Chemical Substances Sewage ; Wastewater
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3358-8_1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: A study into the diversity of coral-associated bacteria using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches in coral Dipsastraea favus from the Gulf of Kutch.

    Patel, Zarna Z / Joshi, Himanshu / Puvar, Apurvasinh / Pandit, Ramesh / Joshi, Chaitanya / Joshi, Madhvi / Tipre, Devayani R

    Marine pollution bulletin

    2024  Volume 201, Page(s) 116172

    Abstract: Corals harbour ~25 % of the marine diversity referring to biodiversity hotspots in marine ecosystems. Global efforts to find ways to restore the coral reef ecosystem from various threats can be complemented by studying coral-associated bacteria. Coral- ... ...

    Abstract Corals harbour ~25 % of the marine diversity referring to biodiversity hotspots in marine ecosystems. Global efforts to find ways to restore the coral reef ecosystem from various threats can be complemented by studying coral-associated bacteria. Coral-associated bacteria are vital components of overall coral wellbeing. We explored the bacterial diversity associated with coral Dipsastraea favus (D. favus) collected from the Gulf of Kutch, India, using both culture-dependent and metagenomic approaches. In both approaches, phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria predominated, comprising the genera Vibrio, Bacillus, Shewanella, Pseudoalteromonas, Exiguobacterium and Streptomyces. Moreover, the majority of culturable isolates showed multiple antibiotic resistance index ≥0.2. In this study, specific bacterial diversity associated with coral sp. D. favus and its possible role in managing coral health was established. Almost 43 strains from the samples were successfully cultured, creating a base for exploring these microbes for their potential use in coral conservation methods.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anthozoa/microbiology ; Ecosystem ; Tinea Favosa ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Bacteria/genetics ; Coral Reefs ; Biodiversity
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2001296-2
    ISSN 1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3363
    ISSN 0025-326X
    DOI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116172
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Langmuir Hosts an ACS Connect Symposium in India.

    Joshi, Yogesh M / Walker, Gilbert C

    Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

    2021  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 603–604

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2005937-1
    ISSN 1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
    ISSN (online) 1520-5827
    ISSN 0743-7463
    DOI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03612
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Better Social-emotional Behavior in Young Nepali Children is Associated with Household Wealth, Child Age, and Family Participation in a Community Development Intervention.

    Miller, L C / Neupane, S / Shrestha, M / Joshi, N / Lohani, M / Thorne-Lyman, A

    Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)

    2024  Volume 21, Issue 82, Page(s) 197–206

    Abstract: Background Mental health and behavior problems are under-recognized in low- and middleincome countries, especially in young children. Early identification of these problems could encourage governments to address the shortages of child mental health ... ...

    Abstract Background Mental health and behavior problems are under-recognized in low- and middleincome countries, especially in young children. Early identification of these problems could encourage governments to address the shortages of child mental health professionals and promote early intervention programs to help children achieve their full developmental potential. Objective Describe the social-emotional development of young rural Nepali children; explore risk factors for poor development. Method The study was embedded in a longitudinal intervention trial comparing control households with those who received training in family nutrition+livestock management (Partial Package) or family nutrition+livestock management+community mobilization (Full Package). At midline, enumerators completed a 145-item household questionnaire, child anthropometry, and Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional (ASQ-SE) to all enrolled children age 33-47 months (n=310). Bivariate and regression analyses examined the relationship of child and household risk factors to administered the Ages and Stages QuestionnaireSocial-Emotional scores. Result Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional scores were below age cutoffs in 24% of children, suggesting worse social-emotional development. In bivariate analyses and the adjusted linear regression model, older child age, greater household wealth, and Full Package Intervention status were all associated with better social-emotional development scores. Partial Package Intervention status was associated with worse scores. Conclusion The Administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional is a potential tool to assess child social-emotional development in the context of household and community level interventions. Further work is necessary to validate the administered the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Social-Emotional and similar tools in Nepal, and to better understand the prevalence of challenges to optimal socialemotional development in young children in order to use this information to design and monitor needed interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Child Development ; Nepal ; Risk Assessment ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-08
    Publishing country Nepal
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2257651-4
    ISSN 1812-2078 ; 1812-2078
    ISSN (online) 1812-2078
    ISSN 1812-2078
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: RGS4 controls airway hyperresponsiveness through GAP-independent mechanisms.

    Joshi, Ilin V / Chan, Eunice C / Lack, Justin B / Liu, Chengyu / Druey, Kirk M

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2024  Volume 300, Issue 4, Page(s) 107127

    Abstract: Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins constrain G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated and other responses throughout the body primarily, but not exclusively, through their GTPase-activating protein activity. Asthma is a highly prevalent ... ...

    Abstract Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins constrain G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated and other responses throughout the body primarily, but not exclusively, through their GTPase-activating protein activity. Asthma is a highly prevalent condition characterized by airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) to environmental stimuli resulting in part from amplified GPCR-mediated airway smooth muscle contraction. Rgs2 or Rgs5 gene deletion in mice enhances AHR and airway smooth muscle contraction, whereas RGS4 KO mice unexpectedly have decreased AHR because of increased production of the bronchodilator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by lung epithelial cells. Here, we found that knockin mice harboring Rgs4 alleles encoding a point mutation (N128A) that sharply curtails RGS4 GTPase-activating protein activity had increased AHR, reduced airway PGE2 levels, and augmented GPCR-induced bronchoconstriction compared with either RGS4 KO mice or WT controls. RGS4 interacted with the p85α subunit of PI3K and inhibited PI3K-dependent PGE2 secretion elicited by transforming growth factor beta in airway epithelial cells. Together, these findings suggest that RGS4 affects asthma severity in part by regulating the airway inflammatory milieu in a G protein-independent manner.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; RGS Proteins/metabolism ; RGS Proteins/genetics ; Mice ; Dinoprostone/metabolism ; Asthma/metabolism ; Asthma/genetics ; Asthma/pathology ; Mice, Knockout ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/genetics ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/metabolism ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/genetics ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/pathology ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/pathology ; Bronchoconstriction
    Chemical Substances RGS Proteins ; RGS4 protein (175335-35-0) ; Dinoprostone (K7Q1JQR04M) ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; GTPase-Activating Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107127
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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