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  1. Book ; Online: An AI-Guided Data Centric Strategy to Detect and Mitigate Biases in Healthcare Datasets

    Gulamali, Faris F. / Sawant, Ashwin S. / Liharska, Lora / Horowitz, Carol R. / Chan, Lili / Kovatch, Patricia H. / Hofer, Ira / Singh, Karandeep / Richardson, Lynne D. / Mensah, Emmanuel / Charney, Alexander W / Reich, David L. / Hu, Jianying / Nadkarni, Girish N.

    2023  

    Abstract: The adoption of diagnosis and prognostic algorithms in healthcare has led to concerns about the perpetuation of bias against disadvantaged groups of individuals. Deep learning methods to detect and mitigate bias have revolved around modifying models, ... ...

    Abstract The adoption of diagnosis and prognostic algorithms in healthcare has led to concerns about the perpetuation of bias against disadvantaged groups of individuals. Deep learning methods to detect and mitigate bias have revolved around modifying models, optimization strategies, and threshold calibration with varying levels of success. Here, we generate a data-centric, model-agnostic, task-agnostic approach to evaluate dataset bias by investigating the relationship between how easily different groups are learned at small sample sizes (AEquity). We then apply a systematic analysis of AEq values across subpopulations to identify and mitigate manifestations of racial bias in two known cases in healthcare - Chest X-rays diagnosis with deep convolutional neural networks and healthcare utilization prediction with multivariate logistic regression. AEq is a novel and broadly applicable metric that can be applied to advance equity by diagnosing and remediating bias in healthcare datasets.
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-11-06
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: The ONE-MIND Study: Rationale and protocol for assessing the effects of ONlinE MINDfulness-based cancer recovery for the prevention of fatigue and other common side effects during chemotherapy.

    Carlson, Linda E / Subnis, Utkarsh B / Piedalue, Katherine-Anne L / Vallerand, James / Speca, Michael / Lupichuk, Sasha / Tang, Patricia / Faris, Peter / Wolever, Ruth Q

    European journal of cancer care

    2019  Volume 28, Issue 4, Page(s) e13074

    Abstract: Cancer patients often experience poor quality of life (QoL) during chemotherapy (CT) treatments due to side effects including fatigue, insomnia, pain and nausea/vomiting. Mindfulness-based cancer recovery (MBCR) is an evidence-based intervention for ... ...

    Abstract Cancer patients often experience poor quality of life (QoL) during chemotherapy (CT) treatments due to side effects including fatigue, insomnia, pain and nausea/vomiting. Mindfulness-based cancer recovery (MBCR) is an evidence-based intervention for treating such symptoms, but has not been investigated as an adjunctive treatment during CT. This study aims to determine the efficacy of an online group MBCR programme delivered during CT in 12 real-time interactive weekly sessions for managing fatigue (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes include sleep disturbance, pain, nausea/vomiting, mood, stress and QoL. Exploratory outcomes include cognitive function, white blood cell counts and return to work. The study is a two-armed randomised controlled waitlist trial with 2:1 allocation to treatment (online group MBCR during CT) or control (waitlist usual care; online MBCR following CT completion) with a target sample size of N = 178. Participants are breast or colorectal cancer patients undergoing common CT regimens in Calgary, Canada. Online assessments using validated self-reported instruments will take place at baseline, post-MBCR, post-CT and 12 months' post-baseline. If online MBCR delivered during CT significantly reduces fatigue in cancer patients' post-CT and also impacts secondary symptoms, this would provide evidence for including mindfulness training as an adjunctive symptom management therapy during CT.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Breast Neoplasms/complications ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/rehabilitation ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colorectal Neoplasms/complications ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/rehabilitation ; Fatigue/etiology ; Fatigue/prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mindfulness/methods ; Patient Selection ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Return to Work ; Sample Size ; Telerehabilitation/methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1303114-4
    ISSN 1365-2354 ; 0961-5423 ; 1360-5801
    ISSN (online) 1365-2354
    ISSN 0961-5423 ; 1360-5801
    DOI 10.1111/ecc.13074
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  3. Article ; Online: Direct and selective pharmacological disruption of the YAP-TEAD interface by IAG933 inhibits Hippo-dependent and RAS-MAPK-altered cancers.

    Chapeau, Emilie A / Sansregret, Laurent / Galli, Giorgio G / Chène, Patrick / Wartmann, Markus / Mourikis, Thanos P / Jaaks, Patricia / Baltschukat, Sabrina / Barbosa, Ines A M / Bauer, Daniel / Brachmann, Saskia M / Delaunay, Clara / Estadieu, Claire / Faris, Jason E / Furet, Pascal / Harlfinger, Stefanie / Hueber, Andreas / Jiménez Núñez, Eloísa / Kodack, David P /
    Mandon, Emeline / Martin, Typhaine / Mesrouze, Yannick / Romanet, Vincent / Scheufler, Clemens / Sellner, Holger / Stamm, Christelle / Sterker, Dario / Tordella, Luca / Hofmann, Francesco / Soldermann, Nicolas / Schmelzle, Tobias

    Nature cancer

    2024  

    Abstract: The YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction mediates YAP oncogenic functions downstream of the Hippo pathway. To date, available YAP-TEAD pharmacologic agents bind into the lipid pocket of TEAD, targeting the interaction indirectly via allosteric changes. ... ...

    Abstract The YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction mediates YAP oncogenic functions downstream of the Hippo pathway. To date, available YAP-TEAD pharmacologic agents bind into the lipid pocket of TEAD, targeting the interaction indirectly via allosteric changes. However, the consequences of a direct pharmacological disruption of the interface between YAP and TEADs remain largely unexplored. Here, we present IAG933 and its analogs as potent first-in-class and selective disruptors of the YAP-TEAD protein-protein interaction with suitable properties to enter clinical trials. Pharmacologic abrogation of the interaction with all four TEAD paralogs resulted in YAP eviction from chromatin and reduced Hippo-mediated transcription and induction of cell death. In vivo, deep tumor regression was observed in Hippo-driven mesothelioma xenografts at tolerated doses in animal models as well as in Hippo-altered cancer models outside mesothelioma. Importantly this also extended to larger tumor indications, such as lung, pancreatic and colorectal cancer, in combination with RTK, KRAS-mutant selective and MAPK inhibitors, leading to more efficacious and durable responses. Clinical evaluation of IAG933 is underway.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-1347
    ISSN (online) 2662-1347
    DOI 10.1038/s43018-024-00754-9
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  4. Article: Pathological gambling and mood disorders: clinical associations and treatment implications.

    Kim, Suck Won / Grant, Jon E / Eckert, Elke D / Faris, Patricia L / Hartman, Boyd K

    Journal of affective disorders

    2006  Volume 92, Issue 1, Page(s) 109–116

    Abstract: Background: The rapidly expanding gambling business has resulted in an increasing number of gamblers, and the problem is likely to get worse in the future. Traditionally, mood and gambling symptoms have been known to overlap. In the present review we ... ...

    Abstract Background: The rapidly expanding gambling business has resulted in an increasing number of gamblers, and the problem is likely to get worse in the future. Traditionally, mood and gambling symptoms have been known to overlap. In the present review we attempt to examine the diagnostic associations and implications for treatment.
    Method: Selected published papers on the frequencies of mood disorders among patients who have gambling disorder or gambling disorder among patients who have mood disorder have been reviewed. Recently emerging new treatment methods for gambling disorder have been reviewed and a brief summary has been added.
    Results: SCID based study results show a close link between gambling and mood disorders. The prevalence of manic disorder reaches to approximately one fourth of the pathological gambling disorder population. The prevalence of depression is much higher, reaching to over half of the population in some studies.
    Limitations: The studies included in the present paper involve inpatients, outpatients, subjects recruited through advertisements and prison populations. Thus the data need to be interpreted as such. Standardized assessment instruments are not used in all studies. Methodological issues such as primary or secondary nature of depression have not been addressed adequately in these studies. The findings, however, offer new insights for the assessment and treatment of complicated gambling disorder cases.
    Conclusions: A high prevalence rate of manic and depressive disorders has been recorded among pathological gambling disorder patients. A rational treatment approach to each defined subset of complicated gambling disorder is discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology ; Bipolar Disorder/therapy ; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy ; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/drug therapy ; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders/epidemiology ; Drug Therapy/methods ; Gambling/psychology ; Humans ; Mood Disorders/epidemiology ; Mood Disorders/therapy ; Prevalence ; Psychotherapy/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2005.12.040
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  5. Article: Evidence for a vagal pathophysiology for bulimia nervosa and the accompanying depressive symptoms.

    Faris, Patricia L / Eckert, Elke D / Kim, Suck-Won / Meller, William H / Pardo, Jose V / Goodale, Robert L / Hartman, Boyd K

    Journal of affective disorders

    2006  Volume 92, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–90

    Abstract: Background: The bilateral vagus nerves (Cranial X) provide both afferent and efferent connections between the viscera and the caudal medulla. The afferent branches increasingly are being recognized as providing significant input to the central nervous ... ...

    Abstract Background: The bilateral vagus nerves (Cranial X) provide both afferent and efferent connections between the viscera and the caudal medulla. The afferent branches increasingly are being recognized as providing significant input to the central nervous system for modulation of complex behaviors. In this paper, we review evidence from our laboratory that increases in vagal afferent activity are involved in perpetuating binge-eating and vomiting in bulimia nervosa. Preliminary findings are also presented which suggest that a subgroup of depressions may have a similar pathophysiology.
    Methods: Two main approaches were used to study the role of vagal afferents. Ondansetron (ONDAN), a 5-HT3 antagonist, was used as a pharmacological tool for inhibiting or reducing vagal afferent neurotransmission. Second, somatic pain detection thresholds were assessed for monitoring a physiological process known to be modulated by vagal afferents, including the gastric branches involved in meal termination and satiety. High levels of vagal activity result in an increase in pain detection thresholds. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was used to identify higher cortical brain areas activated by vagal stimulation produced by proximal gastric distention in normal eating subjects.
    Results: Double-blind treatment of severe bulimia nervosa subjects with ONDAN resulted in a rapid and significant decrease in binge-eating and vomiting compared to placebo controls. The decrease in abnormal eating episodes was accompanied by a return of normal satiety. Pain detection thresholds measured weekly over the course of the treatment protocol were found to dynamically fluctuate in association with bulimic episodes. Thresholds were the most elevated during periods of short-term abstinence from the behaviors, suggesting that not engaging in a binge/vomit episode is accompanied by an increase in vagal activity. ONDAN also resulted in abolition of the fluctuations in pain thresholds. Depressive symptoms in these subjects also were reduced by ONDAN. Like pain thresholds, depressive symptoms varied dynamically with the bulimic behaviors, with BDI scores increasing (more depressed) as more time elapsed since the last bulimic episode. PET studies indicated that mechanical distention of the stomach with a balloon (a non-nutritive stimulus) was associated with the activation of several brain loci, including those associated with vagal activation (parabrachial nucleus), emotive aspects of eating (lateral inferior frontal and orbitofrontal), and depressive symptoms (anterior cingulate).
    Conclusions: The results of the ONDAN study in bulimia nervosa subjects suggest that cyclic increases in vagal activity drive the urge to binge-eat and vomit. The alterations in vagal firing patterns are possibly a physiological adaptation to the high levels of vagal stimulation initially provided by voluntarily binge-eating and vomiting for weight control. The depressive symptoms that occur in association with the urge to binge-eat are also likely due to the cyclic increase in vagal activity. This suggestion is supported by the reduction of depressive symptoms during ONDAN treatment in bulimia subjects and PET imaging studies in normal eating subjects showing that brain loci classically involved in depression are activated by vagal stimulation administered by mechanical gastric distention. In normal eating individuals, depressions accompanying visceral diseases may also be vagally mediated. Ondansetron and other drugs known to modulate vagal activity may be helpful in treating depressions of this origin.
    MeSH term(s) Bulimia Nervosa/drug therapy ; Bulimia Nervosa/epidemiology ; Bulimia Nervosa/physiopathology ; Depression/diagnosis ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Humans ; Neurons, Afferent/drug effects ; Ondansetron/pharmacology ; Ondansetron/therapeutic use ; Pain/diagnosis ; Pain/drug therapy ; Pain/epidemiology ; Pain/physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology ; Serotonin Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Vagus Nerve/drug effects ; Vagus Nerve/physiopathology
    Chemical Substances Serotonin Antagonists ; Ondansetron (4AF302ESOS)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-03-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2005.12.047
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  6. Article: De-stabilization of the positive vago-vagal reflex in bulimia nervosa.

    Faris, Patricia L / Hofbauer, Randall D / Daughters, Randall / Vandenlangenberg, Erin / Iversen, Laureen / Goodale, Robert L / Maxwell, Robert / Eckert, Elke D / Hartman, Boyd K

    Physiology & behavior

    2008  Volume 94, Issue 1, Page(s) 136–153

    Abstract: Bulimia nervosa is characterized by consuming large amounts of food over a defined period with a loss of control over the eating. This is followed by a compensatory behavior directed at eliminating the consumed calories, usually vomiting. Current ... ...

    Abstract Bulimia nervosa is characterized by consuming large amounts of food over a defined period with a loss of control over the eating. This is followed by a compensatory behavior directed at eliminating the consumed calories, usually vomiting. Current treatments include antidepressants and/or behavioral therapies. Consensus exists that these treatments are not very effective and are associated with high relapse rates. We review evidence from literature and present original data to evaluate the hypothesis that bulimia involves alterations in vago-vagal function. Evidence in support of this include (1) laboratory studies consistently illustrate deficits in meal size, meal termination, and satiety in bulimia; (2) basic science studies indicate that meal size and satiation are under vagal influences; (3) anatomical, behavioral and physiological data suggest that achieving satiety and the initiation of emesis involve common neural substrates; (4) abnormal vagal and vago-vagal reflexive functions extend to non-eating activational stimuli; and (5) studies from our laboratory modulating vagal activation have shown significant effects on binge/vomit frequencies and suggest a return of normal satiation. We propose a model for the pathophysiology of bulimia based upon de-stabilization of a bi-stable positive vago-vagal feedback loop. This model is not meant to be complete, but rather to stimulate anatomical, psychobiological, and translational neuroscience experiments aimed at elucidating the pathophysiology of bulimia and developing novel treatment strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Bulimia Nervosa/etiology ; Bulimia Nervosa/physiopathology ; Bulimia Nervosa/therapy ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/classification ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/physiopathology ; Humans ; Reflex/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission/physiology ; Vagus Nerve/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 3907-x
    ISSN 1873-507X ; 0031-9384
    ISSN (online) 1873-507X
    ISSN 0031-9384
    DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.11.036
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  7. Article: Functional neuroimaging of gastric distention.

    Stephan, Elke / Pardo, José V / Faris, Patricia L / Hartman, Boyd K / Kim, Suck W / Ivanov, Emil H / Daughters, Randy S / Costello, Patricia A / Goodale, Robert L

    Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract

    2003  Volume 7, Issue 6, Page(s) 740–749

    Abstract: This study aimed to measure brain activation during gastric distention as a way to investigate short-term satiety. We estimated regional cerebral blood flow with positron emission tomography (15O-water) during gastric balloon inflation and deflation in ... ...

    Abstract This study aimed to measure brain activation during gastric distention as a way to investigate short-term satiety. We estimated regional cerebral blood flow with positron emission tomography (15O-water) during gastric balloon inflation and deflation in 18 healthy young women. The contrast between inflated minus deflated conditions showed activation in the following four key regions that were identified a priori: dorsal brain stem; left inferior frontal gyrus; bilateral insula; and right subgenual, anterior cingulate cortex. Extant neuroimaging literature provides context for these areas as follows: the brain stem represents vagal projection zones for visceral afferent processing; the inferior frontal gyrus serves as a convergence zone for processing food-related stimuli; and both the insula and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex respond to emotional stimulation. The identification of neural correlates of gastric distention is a key step in the discovery of new treatments for obesity. New therapies could intervene by modifying the perception of gastric distention, an important contributor to meal termination and short-term satiety. This first study of brain activation during nonpainful, proximal gastric distention provides the groundwork for future research to discover novel treatments for obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/physiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Gastric Balloon ; Gastric Dilatation ; Humans ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Tomography, Emission-Computed ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-04-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2012365-6
    ISSN 1934-3213 ; 1873-4626 ; 1091-255X
    ISSN (online) 1934-3213 ; 1873-4626
    ISSN 1091-255X
    DOI 10.1016/s1091-255x(03)00071-4
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  8. Article ; Online: TSH levels are associated with increased risk of thyroid carcinoma in patients with nodular disease.

    Fighera, Tayane Muniz / Perez, Camila Luhm Silva / Faris, Nadia / Scarabotto, Patricia Cristina / da Silva, Thamires Tixiliski / Cavalcanti, Teresa Cristina Santos / Mesa Junior, Cleo Otaviano / Miasaki, Fabiola / da Paz Filho, Gilberto Jorge / de Carvalho, Gisah Amaral

    Endokrynologia Polska

    2015  Volume 66, Issue 6, Page(s) 480–485

    Abstract: ... with serum TSH levels above 1.64 mU/L (p < 0.001). This relationship persisted even when the subgroup ... increases evident in patients with serum TSH greater than 1.64 mU/L. ...

    Abstract Introduction: Several studies have shown an increased risk of thyroid malignancies in patients with elevated TSH levels, even if these levels fell within the normal range. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TSH and risk of malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules.
    Material and methods: We included 622 patients with thyroid nodules evaluated by fine needle aspiration and/or thyroidectomy and diagnosed by cytology or histology. Clinical and laboratory data, such as gender, weight, ultrasound findings, serum TSH, and free T4, were obtained from medical records or collected during each patient's first visit to our centre, prior to any intervention.
    Results: Thyroid cancer was more prevalent in males (p = 0.012) and in patients with a solitary nodule (p < 0.01). Malignant tumours were predominantly solid, whereas benign tumours were solid or mixed (p = 0.053). The carcinoma risk in patients with thyroid nodules increased with increasing serum TSH concentration, with a significant elevation in patients with serum TSH levels above 1.64 mU/L (p < 0.001). This relationship persisted even when the subgroup of patients undergoing thyroidectomy was analysed separately. Patients with follicular lesions presented with significantly higher TSH levels compared to patients with benign cytology (p < 0.001). We also found correlation between elevated TSH and tumour size (p = 0.005).
    Conclusions: Our results suggest that in patients with nodular thyroid disease the carcinoma risk rose in parallel with serum TSH concentration, with significant increases evident in patients with serum TSH greater than 1.64 mU/L.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk ; Thyroid Neoplasms/blood ; Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyrotropin/blood
    Chemical Substances Thyrotropin (9002-71-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 419270-9
    ISSN 2299-8306 ; 0423-104X
    ISSN (online) 2299-8306
    ISSN 0423-104X
    DOI 10.5603/EP.a2015.0059
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  9. Article ; Online: 2023 Canadian Surgery Forum: Sept. 20-23, 2023.

    Brière, Raphaëlle / Émond, Marce / Benhamed, Axel / Blanchard, Pierre-Gilles / Drolet, Sébastien / Habashi, Rogeh / Golbon, Bahar / Shellenberger, Jonas / Pasternak, Jesse / Merchant, Shaila / La, Julie / Sawhney, Monakshi / Brogly, Susan / Cadili, Lina / Horkoff, Michael / Ainslie, Scott / Demetrick, Jeffrey / Chai, Brian / Wiseman, Kevin /
    Hwang, Hamish / Alhumoud, Zainab / Salem, Amro / Lau, Rebecca / Aw, Katherine / Nessim, Carolyn / Gawad, Nada / Alibhai, Kameela / Towaij, Chelsea / Doan, Danielle / Raîche, Isabelle / Valji, Rahim / Turner, Simon / Balmes, Patricia Nicole / Hameed, S Morad / Tan, Jun Guang Kendric / Wijesuriya, Ruwan / Hew, Nicole Lee Chui / Lund, Matthew / Hawel, Jeffrey / Gregor, Jamie / Leslie, Ken / Lenet, Tori / McIsaac, Daniel / Hallet, Julie / Jerath, Angela / Lalu, Manoj / Nicholls, Stuart / Presseau, Justin / Tinmouth, Alan / Verret, Michael / Wherrett, Christopher / Fergusson, Dean / Martel, Guillaume / Sharma, Sahil / McKechnie, Tyler / Talwar, Gaurav / Patel, Janhavi / Heimann, Luke / Doumouras, Aristithes / Hong, Dennis / Eskicioglu, Cagla / Wang, Christine / Guo, Michael / Huang, Longlong / Sun, Shaun / Davis, Noelle / Wang, Julian / Skulsky, Samuel / Sikora, Lindsey / Son, Hyo Jin / Gee, Denise / Gomez, David / Jung, James / Selvam, Rajajee / Seguin, Nieve / Zhang, Lisa / Lacaille-Ranger, Ariane / Moloo, Husein / Follett, Alicia / Holly / Organ, Michael / Pace, David / Balvardi, Saba / Kaneva, Pepa / Semsar-Kazerooni, Koorosh / Mueller, Carmen / Vassiliou, Melina / Al Mahroos, Mohammed / Fiore, Julio F / Schwartzman, Kevin / Feldman, Liane / Karimuddin, Ahmer / Liu, Gui Ping / Crump, Trafford / Sutherland, Jason / Hickey, Kala / Bonisteel, Erin M / Umali, Jurgienne / Dogar, Ibrahim / Warden, Geoffrey / Boone, Darrell / Mathieson, Alexander / Hogan, Michael / Li, Yiran / Best, Gordon / Leong, Rachel / Wiseman, Sam / Alaoui, Ahmed Amine / Hajjar, Roy / Wassef, Evelyne / Metellus, Danny Sebastien / Dagbert, François / Loungnarath, Rasmy / Ratelle, Richard / Schwenter, Frank / Debroux, Éric / Wassef, Ramses / Gagnon-Konamna, Marianne / Pomp, Alfons / Richard, Carole S / Sebajang, Herawaty / Santos, Manuela M / Shi, Ge / Leung, Regina / Lim, Christina / Knowles, Sarah / Parmar, Simran / Debru, Estifanos / Mohamed, Fardowsa / Anakin, Megan / Lee, Yung / 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    Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie

    2023  Volume 66, Issue 6 Suppl 1, Page(s) S54–S136

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-13
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410651-9
    ISSN 1488-2310 ; 0008-428X
    ISSN (online) 1488-2310
    ISSN 0008-428X
    DOI 10.1503/cjs.014223
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Effect of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on the dynamic association between bulimic behaviors and pain thresholds.

    Faris, Patricia L / Won Kim, Suck / Meller, William H / Goodale, Robert L / Hofbauer, Randall D / Oakman, Scott A / Howard, Lynn A / Stevens, Eric R / Eckert, Elke D / Hartman, Boyd K

    Pain

    1998  Volume 77, Issue 3, Page(s) 297–303

    Abstract: Thresholds for detection of both pressure and thermal pain are elevated in patients with bulimia nervosa. The present study was aimed at determining (1) if pressure pain detection thresholds (PDT) varied dynamically with the primary disease symptoms of ... ...

    Abstract Thresholds for detection of both pressure and thermal pain are elevated in patients with bulimia nervosa. The present study was aimed at determining (1) if pressure pain detection thresholds (PDT) varied dynamically with the primary disease symptoms of binge eating and vomiting and (2) if the elevation in PDT was effected by treatment with ondansetron (ONDAN), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. PDT was defined as the mean of the minimal amount of pressure (measured in g) perceived as painful when exerted by a 1 mm2 blunted point onto the center of the ventral surface of the ungual phalanx of digits 2-5 of the non-dominant hand. Fourteen female patients with severe bulimia nervosa (currently >seven binge/vomit episodes per week; > 2 years illness duration) served as participants. PDT were evaluated at weekly intervals during the course of ongoing treatment studies (double-blind and 'open' label) investigating the therapeutic effects of ONDAN. Data were analyzed by random regression analyses, allowing for the repeated-measures and non-orthogonal design. Data collected from 14 patients under the no-drug condition indicated that PDT increased over the interval between binge/vomit episodes, with significant elevations occurring at times when patients had naturally exceeded their average inter-binge interval. Eleven of these 14 patients underwent 4 weeks of ONDAN treatment. Under this drug condition, the time since the last binge/vomit episode was no longer a significant predictor of PDT. These patients also experienced a significant reduction in the frequency of bulimic behaviors, a finding reported in detail elsewhere. The above finding from untreated patients support the involvement of a common underlying mechanism driving both the increase in pain detection thresholds and the occurrence of the next bulimic episode. This possibility is further supported by the findings that ONDAN treatment is associated with a significant moderation of both variables. The effect of ONDAN may be mediated by blockade of afferent vagal neurotransmission, although other mechanisms must be considered.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Bulimia/drug therapy ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nociceptors/drug effects ; Ondansetron/administration & dosage ; Pain Threshold/drug effects ; Physical Stimulation ; Pressure ; Receptors, Serotonin/physiology ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 ; Serotonin Antagonists/administration & dosage ; Vagus Nerve/physiology ; Vomiting/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Serotonin ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3 ; Serotonin Antagonists ; Ondansetron (4AF302ESOS)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 193153-2
    ISSN 1872-6623 ; 0304-3959
    ISSN (online) 1872-6623
    ISSN 0304-3959
    DOI 10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00108-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1158: Show issues Location:
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