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Article ; Online: Author Correction: Integrative single-cell characterization of a frugivorous and an insectivorous bat kidney and pancreas.

Gordon, Wei E / Baek, Seungbyn / Nguyen, Hai P / Kuo, Yien-Ming / Bradley, Rachael / Fong, Sarah L / Kim, Nayeon / Galazyuk, Alex / Lee, Insuk / Ingala, Melissa R / Simmons, Nancy B / Schountz, Tony / Cooper, Lisa Noelle / Georgakopoulos-Soares, Ilias / Hemberg, Martin / Ahituv, Nadav

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1777

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-024-44937-5
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Article ; Online: Effect of physical and occupational therapy on delirium duration in older emergency department patients who are hospitalized.

Jordano, James O / Vasilevskis, Eduard E / Duggan, Maria C / Welch, Sarah A / Schnelle, John F / Simmons, Sandra F / Ely, E Wesley / Han, Jin H

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open

2023 Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) e12857

Abstract: Objective: Delirium in older emergency department (ED) adults is associated with poorer long-term physical function and cognition. We sought to evaluate if the time to and intensity of physical and/or occupational therapy (PT/OT) are associated with the ...

Abstract	Objective: Delirium in older emergency department (ED) adults is associated with poorer long-term physical function and cognition. We sought to evaluate if the time to and intensity of physical and/or occupational therapy (PT/OT) are associated with the duration of ED delirium into hospitalization (ED delirium duration). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study conducted from March 2012 to November 2014 at an urban, academic, tertiary care hospital. Patients aged ≥65 years presenting to the ED and who received PT/OT during their hospitalization were included. Days from enrollment to the first PT/OT session and PT/OT duration relative to hospital length of stay (PT/OT intensity) were abstracted from the medical record. ED delirium duration was defined as the duration of delirium detected in the ED using the Brief Confusion Assessment Method. Data were analyzed using a proportional odds logistic regression adjusted for multiple variables. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: The median log PT/OT intensity was 0.5% (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.3%, 0.9%) and was associated with shorter delirium duration (adjusted OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-0.73). The median time to the first PT/OT session was 2 days (IQR: 1, 3 days) and was not associated with delirium duration (adjusted OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.82-1.27). Conclusion: In older hospitalized adults, higher PT/OT intensity may be a useful intervention to shorten delirium duration. Time to first PT/OT session was not associated with delirium duration but was initiated a full 2 days after the ED presentation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2688-1152
ISSN (online)	2688-1152
DOI	10.1002/emp2.12857
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Article ; Online: Pilot Implementation of a Nutrition-Focused Community-Health-Worker Intervention among Formerly Chronically Homeless Adults in Permanent Supportive Housing.

Hamilton, Jane E / Guevara, Diana C / Steinfeld, Sara F / Jose, Raina / Hmaidan, Farrah / Simmons, Sarah / Wong, Calvin W / Smith, Clara / Thibaudeau-Graczyk, Eva / Sharma, Shreela V

International journal of environmental research and public health

2024 Volume 21, Issue 1

Abstract: Food insecurity is a known health equity threat for formerly chronically homeless populations even after they transition into permanent housing. This project utilized a human-centered design methodology to plan and implement a nutrition-focused community- ...

Abstract	Food insecurity is a known health equity threat for formerly chronically homeless populations even after they transition into permanent housing. This project utilized a human-centered design methodology to plan and implement a nutrition-focused community-health-worker (CHW) intervention in permanent supportive housing (PSH). The project aimed to increase access to healthy foods, improve nutritional literacy, healthy cooking/eating practices, and build community/social connectedness among 140 PSH residents. Validated food-security screening conducted by CHWs identified low or very low food security among 64% of 83 residents who completed the baseline survey, which is similar to rates found in a previous study among formerly homeless populations placed in PSH. Major themes identified through an analysis of resident feedback include (1) lack of needed kitchenware/appliances for food preparation, (2) knowledge gaps on how to purchase and prepare healthier food, (3) positive perceptions of healthy food options, (4) expanded preferences for healthy, easy-to-prepare foods, (5) regaining cooking skills lost during homelessness, (6) positive experiences participating in group activities, (7) community re-entry, and (8) resident ownership. Preliminary findings suggest the use of a human-centered design methodology for planning and implementing this multi-level CHW intervention helped reduce food insecurity, engaged participants in learning and adopting healthy and safe cooking and eating practices, and fostered social connectedness and feelings of community among formerly chronically homeless PSH residents.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Ill-Housed Persons ; Social Problems ; Community Health Workers ; Cooking ; Diet, Healthy
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph21010108
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Article ; Online: Vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization among adolescent and pediatric SARS-CoV-2 cases between May 2021 and January 2022 in Ontario, Canada: A retrospective cohort study.

Simmons, Alison E / Amoako, Afia / Grima, Alicia A / Murison, Kiera R / Buchan, Sarah A / Fisman, David N / Tuite, Ashleigh R

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) e0283715

Abstract: ... cases caused by Omicron. The calculation of E-values, which quantifies how strong an unmeasured ...

Abstract	Background: Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been shown to reduce risk of infection as well as severe disease among those with breakthrough infection in adults. The latter effect is particularly important as immune evasion by Omicron variants appears to have made vaccines less effective at preventing infection. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the protection conferred by mRNA vaccination against hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 in adolescent and pediatric populations. Methods: We retrospectively created a cohort of reported SARS-CoV-2 case records from Ontario's Public Health Case and Contact Management Solution among those aged 4 to 17 linked to vaccination records from the COVaxON database on January 19, 2022. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between vaccination and hospitalization among SARS-CoV-2 cases prior to and during the emergence of Omicron. Results: We included 62 hospitalized and 27,674 non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 cases, with disease onset from May 28, 2021 to December 4, 2021 (Pre-Omicron) and from December 23, 2021 to January 9, 2022 (Omicron). Among adolescents, two mRNA vaccine doses were associated with an 85% (aOR = 0.15; 95% CI: [0.04, 0.53]; p<0.01) lower likelihood of hospitalization among SARS-CoV-2 cases caused by Omicron. Among children, one mRNA vaccine dose was associated with a 79% (aOR = 0.21; 95% CI: [0.03, 0.77]; p<0.05) lower likelihood of hospitalization among SARS-CoV-2 cases caused by Omicron. The calculation of E-values, which quantifies how strong an unmeasured confounder would need to be to nullify our findings, suggest that these effects are unlikely to be explained by unmeasured confounding. Conclusions: Despite immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 variants, vaccination continues to be associated with a lower likelihood of hospitalization among adolescent and pediatric Omicron (B.1.1.529) SARS-CoV-2 cases, even when the vaccines do not prevent infection. Continued efforts are needed to increase vaccine uptake among adolescent and pediatric populations.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Hospitalization ; mRNA Vaccines ; Ontario/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Vaccine Efficacy
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; mRNA Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0283715
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Article ; Online: Enhancing long-term smoking abstinence among individuals with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer (Project ACCESS): protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Vidrine, Jennifer I / Fennell, Bethany Shorey / Simmons, Vani N / Sutton, Steven K / Jones, Sarah R / Woodward, Honor W / Hoogland, Charles E / Vidrine, Damon J

BMC public health

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 1284

Abstract: ... increase in smoking abstinence at 12 months (i.e., 26.4% vs. 11.9%). This treatment effect was no longer ...

Abstract	Background: The prevalence of smoking among cervical cancer survivors is high and evidence-based smoking cessation interventions are critically needed. This paper describes the study design, methods, and data analysis plans for a randomized clinical trial (RCT) designed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel, personally tailored SMS-delivered text-based digital treatment adjuvant designed to enhance the long-term efficacy of a "Motivation And Problem-Solving" (MAPS) approach for smoking cessation among individuals with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer. MAPS is a phone counseling approach designed to facilitate long-term abstinence that comprises 6 counseling calls over 12 months. The current trial is evaluating the efficacy of MAPS+, which comprises all MAPS components plus a 24-month digital treatment adjuvant. This trial represents a logical extension of our previous RCT, which compared the efficacy of MAPS to a quitline control condition and found that MAPS resulted in greater than a 2-fold increase in smoking abstinence at 12 months (i.e., 26.4% vs. 11.9%). This treatment effect was no longer significant at 18 months, suggesting that efficacy dissipated as time from the end of treatment increased. The primary aim of the current trial is to compare the efficacy of MAPS + and ST in facilitating long-term abstinence. Methods: Individuals who smoke and have a history of cervical cancer or CIN (N = 340) are recruited throughout Florida and randomly assigned to Standard Treatment [ST] or MAPS+. ST participants are electronically connected with the Florida Quitline. MAPS + consists of 6 proactive MAPS-based counseling calls over 12 months plus the novel, personally tailored, text message-based treatment adjuvant delivered over 24 months. All participants receive 12 weeks of combination nicotine replacement therapy (patch and lozenge) and are followed for 24 months. Participant recruitment commenced in December 2022 and is ongoing. Discussion: This study builds on promising results from our recent trial which found that MAPS was associated with substantially higher abstinence from smoking at the end of the 12-month treatment period. Finding that this low-burden, personally tailored digital treatment adjuvant improves the long-term efficacy of MAPS would have important clinical and public health implications. Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry NCT05645146; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05645146 Registered on December 9, 2022.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/therapy ; Smoking Cessation/methods ; Text Messaging ; Counseling/methods ; Smoking ; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-023-16189-3
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Article ; Online: In-Clinic vs. Online Recruitment of Women with a History of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Cervical Cancer to a Smoking Cessation Trial: A Post-hoc Comparison of Participant Characteristics, Study Retention, and Cessation Outcomes.

Fennell, Bethany Shorey / Jones, Sarah R / Sutton, Steven K / Hoogland, Charles E / Cottrell-Daniels, Cherell / Wetter, David W / Shih, Ya-Chen Tina / Simmons, Vani N / Stephens, Yesenia P / Vidrine, Damon J / Vidrine, Jennifer I

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2024

Abstract: ... and presented with a different clinical profile (i.e., more likely to have CIN vs. cancer and to have ...

Abstract	Introduction: Recruiting special populations to smoking cessation trials is challenging and approaches beyond in-clinic recruitment may be beneficial. This secondary analysis of data from a smoking cessation RCT for individuals with a history of cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) explored differences associated with in-clinic vs. online recruitment. Methods: Participants were recruited from clinics within a university-based NCI-designated cancer center (n=87) and online nationally via Facebook (n=115). Baseline measures included sociodemographics, smoking history, and cancer or CIN history. Study retention and smoking abstinence were assessed 12 months post-baseline. Group differences in baseline characteristics were evaluated. Retention and abstinence were evaluated while controlling for group differences and predictors. Results: Participants recruited online (vs. in-clinic) had higher educational attainment (p=.01) and health literacy (p=.003). They were more likely to have CIN vs. cancer, to be further from the time of diagnosis, and to have completed active treatment (p values<.001). While controlling for these group differences and independent predictors, retention was higher among participants recruited online (log-likelihood χ2(1)=11.41, p<.001). There were no recruitment differences in self-reported (p=.90) or biochemically confirmed smoking abstinence (p=.18). Conclusions: Compared to individuals recruited in-person, individuals recruited online were more educated, had higher health literacy, and presented with a different clinical profile (i.e., more likely to have CIN vs. cancer and to have completed active treatment). There were few differences in participant characteristics between recruitment approaches, and no differences on any smoking-related variables. Online recruitment has the potential to improve enrollment of cancer survivors to smoking cessation trials. Implications: People with a history of CIN or cervical cancer recruited to a smoking cessation RCT online (vs. in-clinic) were more likely to have a diagnosis of CIN vs. cancer and were more educated and health literate. Participants recruited online were more likely to be retained in the study and there were no differences in smoking abstinence rates at 12-months. Incorporating online recruitment increased the reach of tobacco treatment efforts to a larger and more diverse sample. This could reduce the burden of tobacco-related disease, improve CIN and cancer treatment outcomes, and reduce secondary malignancies and morbidity among this underserved group.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntae049
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Article ; Online: Vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization among adolescent and pediatric SARS-CoV-2 cases between May 2021 and January 2022 in Ontario, Canada

Alison E Simmons / Afia Amoako / Alicia A Grima / Kiera R Murison / Sarah A Buchan / David N Fisman / Ashleigh R Tuite

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 3, p e

A retrospective cohort study.

2023 Volume 0283715

Abstract: ... cases caused by Omicron. The calculation of E-values, which quantifies how strong an unmeasured ...

Abstract	Background Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been shown to reduce risk of infection as well as severe disease among those with breakthrough infection in adults. The latter effect is particularly important as immune evasion by Omicron variants appears to have made vaccines less effective at preventing infection. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the protection conferred by mRNA vaccination against hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 in adolescent and pediatric populations. Methods We retrospectively created a cohort of reported SARS-CoV-2 case records from Ontario's Public Health Case and Contact Management Solution among those aged 4 to 17 linked to vaccination records from the COVaxON database on January 19, 2022. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between vaccination and hospitalization among SARS-CoV-2 cases prior to and during the emergence of Omicron. Results We included 62 hospitalized and 27,674 non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 cases, with disease onset from May 28, 2021 to December 4, 2021 (Pre-Omicron) and from December 23, 2021 to January 9, 2022 (Omicron). Among adolescents, two mRNA vaccine doses were associated with an 85% (aOR = 0.15; 95% CI: [0.04, 0.53]; p<0.01) lower likelihood of hospitalization among SARS-CoV-2 cases caused by Omicron. Among children, one mRNA vaccine dose was associated with a 79% (aOR = 0.21; 95% CI: [0.03, 0.77]; p<0.05) lower likelihood of hospitalization among SARS-CoV-2 cases caused by Omicron. The calculation of E-values, which quantifies how strong an unmeasured confounder would need to be to nullify our findings, suggest that these effects are unlikely to be explained by unmeasured confounding. Conclusions Despite immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 variants, vaccination continues to be associated with a lower likelihood of hospitalization among adolescent and pediatric Omicron (B.1.1.529) SARS-CoV-2 cases, even when the vaccines do not prevent infection. Continued efforts are needed to increase vaccine uptake among adolescent and pediatric ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Integrative single-cell characterization of a frugivorous and an insectivorous bat kidney and pancreas.

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 12

Abstract: Frugivory evolved multiple times in mammals, including bats. However, the cellular and molecular components driving it remain largely unknown. Here, we use integrative single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq) on insectivorous (Eptesicus fuscus; ... ...

Abstract	Frugivory evolved multiple times in mammals, including bats. However, the cellular and molecular components driving it remain largely unknown. Here, we use integrative single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq) on insectivorous (Eptesicus fuscus; big brown bat) and frugivorous (Artibeus jamaicensis; Jamaican fruit bat) bat kidneys and pancreases and identify key cell population, gene expression and regulatory differences associated with the Jamaican fruit bat that also relate to human disease, particularly diabetes. We find a decrease in loop of Henle and an increase in collecting duct cells, and differentially active genes and regulatory elements involved in fluid and electrolyte balance in the Jamaican fruit bat kidney. The Jamaican fruit bat pancreas shows an increase in endocrine and a decrease in exocrine cells, and differences in genes and regulatory elements involved in insulin regulation. We also find that these frugivorous bats share several molecular characteristics with human diabetes. Combined, our work provides insights from a frugivorous mammal that could be leveraged for therapeutic purposes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Chiroptera ; Pancreas ; Kidney ; Epithelial Cells ; Diabetes Mellitus
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-44186-y
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Article ; Online: The Association Between Financial Resources Strain and Self-Reported Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Simmons, Ervin M / Firkey, Madison K / Sheinfil, Alan Z / Ramos, Jeremy M / Woolf-King, Sarah E

Journal of health care for the poor and underserved

2021 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 2222–2232

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between financial resources strain and self-reported ART adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) who are living with HIV. Secondary data analyses were conducted with a sample of HIV- ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between financial resources strain and self-reported ART adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) who are living with HIV. Secondary data analyses were conducted with a sample of HIV-positive MSM (N = 77) who participated in a daily diary study on substance use and sexual behavior. Logistic regression was used to model the odds of self-reported ART adherence associated with financial resources strain. The adjusted model revealed a significant association between financial resources strain and self-reported ART adherence such that financially strained participants were 78.4% less likely to have "excellent" self-reported adherence ability compared with non-financially strained participants (aOR = .216, 95% CI [.063, .749], p = .016). Financial resources strain may negatively influence ART adherence. Future research should consider objectively measuring ART adherence. Health care providers might consider assessing patients' financial situation to identify those at-risk for nonadherence.
MeSH term(s)	HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Medication Adherence ; Self Report ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexual and Gender Minorities
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1142637-8
ISSN	1548-6869 ; 1049-2089
ISSN (online)	1548-6869
ISSN	1049-2089
DOI	10.1353/hpu.2021.0194
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Zs.A 3605: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Imaging Characteristics of and Multidisciplinary Management Considerations for Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia and Flat Epithelial Atypia: Review of Current Literature.

Harper, Laura K / Carnahan, Molly B / Bhatt, Asha A / Simmons, Curtis L / Patel, Bhavika K / Downs, Erinn / Pockaj, Barbara A / Yancey, Kristina / Eversman, Sarah E / Sharpe, Richard E

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc

2023 Volume 43, Issue 10, Page(s) e230016

Abstract: High-risk lesions of the breast are frequently encountered in percutaneous biopsy specimens. While benign, these lesions have historically undergone surgical excision due to their potential to be upgraded to malignancy. However, there is emerging ... ...

Abstract	High-risk lesions of the breast are frequently encountered in percutaneous biopsy specimens. While benign, these lesions have historically undergone surgical excision due to their potential to be upgraded to malignancy. However, there is emerging evidence that a tailored management approach should be considered to reduce overtreatment of these lesions. Flat epithelial atypia (FEA) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) are two of the most commonly encountered high-risk lesions. FEA has been shown to have a relatively low rate of progression to malignancy, and some guidelines are now recommending observation over routine excision in select cases. Selective observation may be reasonable in cases where the target lesion is small and completely removed at biopsy and when there are no underlying risk factors, such as a history of breast cancer or genetic mutation or concurrent ADH. ADH has the highest potential upgrade rate to malignancy of all the high-risk lesions. Most society guidelines continue to recommend surgical excision of this lesion. More recently, some literature suggests that ADH lesions that appear completely removed at biopsy, involve limited foci (less than two or three) with no necrosis or significant atypia, manifest as a small group of mammographic calcifications, or demonstrate no enhancement at MRI may be reasonable for observation. Ultimately, management of all high-risk lesions must be based on a multidisciplinary approach that considers all patient, radiologic, clinical, and histopathologic factors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603172-9
ISSN	1527-1323 ; 0271-5333
ISSN (online)	1527-1323
ISSN	0271-5333
DOI	10.1148/rg.230016
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