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  1. Article ; Online: Divergent immune microenvironments in two tumor nodules from a patient with mismatch repair-deficient prostate cancer.

    Bergom, Hannah E / Sena, Laura A / Day, Abderrahman / Miller, Benjamin / Miller, Carly D / Lozada, John R / Zorko, Nicholas / Wang, Jinhua / Shenderov, Eugene / Lobo, Francisco Pereira / Caramella-Pereira, Fernanda / Marchionni, Luigi / Drake, Charles G / Lotan, Tamara / De Marzo, Angelo M / Hwang, Justin / Antonarakis, Emmanuel S

    NPJ genomic medicine

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 7

    Abstract: Patients with prostate cancer (PC) generally do not respond favorably to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which may be due to a low abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes even when mutational load is high. Here, we identified a patient who presented ... ...

    Abstract Patients with prostate cancer (PC) generally do not respond favorably to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which may be due to a low abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes even when mutational load is high. Here, we identified a patient who presented with high-grade primary prostate cancer with two adjacent tumor nodules. While both nodules were mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd), exhibited pathogenic MSH2 and MSH6 alterations, had a high tumor mutational burden (TMB), and demonstrated high microsatellite instability (MSI), they had markedly distinct immune phenotypes. The first displayed a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes ("hot nodule"), while the second displayed significantly fewer infiltrating lymphocytes ("cold nodule"). Whole-exome DNA analysis found that both nodules shared many identical mutations, indicating that they were derived from a single clone. However, the cold nodule appeared to be sub-clonal relative to the hot nodule, suggesting divergent evolution of the cold nodule from the hot nodule. Whole-transcriptome RNA analysis found that the cold nodule demonstrated lower expression of genes related to antigen presentation (HLA) and, paradoxically, classical tumor immune tolerance markers such as PD-L1 (CD274) and CTLA-4. Immune cell deconvolution suggested that the hot nodule was enriched not only in CD8+ and CD4 + T lymphocytes, but also in M1 macrophages, activated NK cells, and γδ T cells compared to the cold nodule. This case highlights that MMRd/TMB-high PC can evolve to minimize an anti-tumor immune response, and nominates downregulation of antigen presentation machinery (HLA loss) as a potential mechanism of adaptive immune evasion in PC.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2813848-X
    ISSN 2056-7944 ; 2056-7944
    ISSN (online) 2056-7944
    ISSN 2056-7944
    DOI 10.1038/s41525-024-00392-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Association of Blood Pressure Variability with Delirium in Patients with Critical Illness.

    Zorko Garbajs, Nika / Valencia Morales, Diana J / Singh, Tarun D / Herasevich, Vitaly / Hanson, Andrew C / Schroeder, Darrell R / Weingarten, Toby N / Gajic, Ognjen / Sprung, Juraj / Rabinstein, Alejandro A

    Neurocritical care

    2022  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 646–654

    Abstract: Background: The objective was to examine the association of blood pressure variability (BPV) during the first 24 h after intensive care unit admission with the likelihood of delirium and depressed alertness without delirium ("depressed alertness").: ... ...

    Abstract Background: The objective was to examine the association of blood pressure variability (BPV) during the first 24 h after intensive care unit admission with the likelihood of delirium and depressed alertness without delirium ("depressed alertness").
    Methods: This retrospective, observational, cohort study included all consecutive adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, from July 1, 2004, through October 31, 2015. The primary outcomes were delirium and delirium-free days, and the secondary outcomes included depressed alertness and depressed alertness-free days. Logistic regression was performed to determine the association of BPV with delirium and depressed alertness. Proportional odds regression was used to assess the association of BPV with delirium-free days and depressed alertness-free days.
    Results: Among 66,549 intensive care unit admissions, delirium was documented in 20.2% and depressed alertness was documented in 24.4%. Preserved cognition was documented in 55.4% of intensive care unit admissions. Increased systolic and diastolic BPV was associated with an increased odds of delirium and depressed alertness. The magnitude of the association per 5-mm Hg increase in systolic average real variability (the average of absolute value of changes between consecutive systolic blood pressure readings) was greater for delirium (odds ratio 1.34; 95% confidence interval 1.29-1.40; P < 0.001) than for depressed alertness (odds ratio 1.06; 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.10; P = 0.004). Increased systolic and diastolic BPV was associated with fewer delirium-free days but not with depressed alertness-free days.
    Conclusions: BPV in the first 24 h after intensive care unit admission is associated with an increased likelihood of delirium and fewer delirium-free days.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Blood Pressure ; Cohort Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Critical Illness ; Intensive Care Units ; Delirium/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2381896-7
    ISSN 1556-0961 ; 1541-6933
    ISSN (online) 1556-0961
    ISSN 1541-6933
    DOI 10.1007/s12028-022-01661-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Characteristics of radioactivity in the surface air along the 45°N zonal belt in South-Eastern Europe

    Ajtić, J. / Zorko, B. / Nečemer, M. / Sarvan, D. / Rajačić, M. / Krneta Nikolić, J. / Todorović, D. / Djurdjevic, V. / Vodenik, B. / Glavič Cindro, D. / Kožar Logar, J.

    International journal of environmental science and technology. 2022 Oct., v. 19, no. 10

    2022  

    Abstract: This study investigates the beryllium-7, lead-210 and caesium-137 activity concentrations in aerosol filter samples collected monthly along the 45°N zonal belt over 1991–2019. Sampling was performed in three locations, one in Serbia and two in Slovenia, ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates the beryllium-7, lead-210 and caesium-137 activity concentrations in aerosol filter samples collected monthly along the 45°N zonal belt over 1991–2019. Sampling was performed in three locations, one in Serbia and two in Slovenia, and the Slovenian data records are published here for the first time. The activity concentrations were determined by standard gamma spectrometry. The obtained results are in general agreement with the literature data for Europe. The data sets at different sites display similarities in measurement ranges, overall means and seasonal cycles. Still, statistical tests show significant differences among the radionuclides’ concentrations across the locations. To investigate underlying processes that affect radioactivity in the surface air in this region, multivariate statistical concepts are applied to the radionuclides’ concentrations and local meteorological parameters. Discriminant analysis shows that all three sites are well separated from each other. Principal component analysis gives common pattern of interconnection between the observables: temperature has a stronger influence on the behaviour of beryllium-7 and lead-210 than that of caesium-137, but a negative correlation of the radionuclides’ concentrations with precipitation seems the strongest for caesium-137. Principal component analysis also shows local differences in the degree of relationship between the meteorological parameters and activity concentrations of the investigated radionuclides. This is an important finding for future atmospheric transport studies.
    Keywords aerosols ; air ; discriminant analysis ; environmental science ; gamma spectrometry ; principal component analysis ; radioactivity ; technology ; temperature ; Serbia ; Slovenia ; Southern European region
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-10
    Size p. 9719-9730.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2230399-6
    ISSN 1735-2630 ; 1735-1472
    ISSN (online) 1735-2630
    ISSN 1735-1472
    DOI 10.1007/s13762-021-03814-0
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Measurement and reporting of physical rehabilitation interventions in pediatric critical care: a scoping review.

    Zorko, David J / Reid, Julie C / Unger, Janelle / McCaskell, Devin / Saddik, Maisa / Choong, Karen / Kho, Michelle E

    Disability and rehabilitation

    2020  Volume 43, Issue 23, Page(s) 3417–3424

    Abstract: Purpose: To describe and evaluate physical rehabilitation research in critically ill children, including physical rehabilitation intervention reporting.: Methods: We searched five electronic databases to 31 December 2018 for prospective physical ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To describe and evaluate physical rehabilitation research in critically ill children, including physical rehabilitation intervention reporting.
    Methods: We searched five electronic databases to 31 December 2018 for prospective physical rehabilitation studies conducted in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). Screening was conducted independently in duplicate. Study characteristics, outcomes, and interventions were extracted from included studies. Quality of study reporting was assessed using standardized tools. Completeness of physical rehabilitation intervention reporting was assessed using the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT).
    Results: We included 20 studies enrolling a total of 2644 patients. Median (Q1,Q3) sample size was 57 (44,104). Seven studies (35%) were randomized controlled trials. Eleven studies (55%) evaluated respiratory interventions, most commonly multicomponent chest physiotherapy (73%). Nine studies (45%) evaluated physical activity interventions, most commonly progressive mobility (56%). The majority of stated outcomes (92.5%) were limited to the PICU setting. Median [Q1,Q3] quality of study reporting was good (77.2% [66.7%,87.4%]), and completeness of physical rehabilitation intervention reporting was moderate (61.9% [45.9%,71.5%]).
    Conclusion: Physical rehabilitation studies in critically ill children were small, and focused on evaluating respiratory-based interventions and short-term PICU-based outcomes. Reporting of physical rehabilitation interventions was suboptimal. Use of CERT may improve design and reporting in future studies.Implications for rehabilitationWhile physical rehabilitation research in critically ill children is a growing field, there are currently few studies evaluating physical rehabilitation interventions in this population.Physical rehabilitation studies to date have been small, focused on evaluating respiratory-based interventions and short-term outcomes limited to the PICU setting.The reporting of physical rehabilitation interventions in this population is suboptimal, making it challenging for clinicians to reproduce interventions and appraise their efficacy or safety.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Consensus ; Critical Care ; Exercise ; Humans ; Prospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1104775-6
    ISSN 1464-5165 ; 0963-8288
    ISSN (online) 1464-5165
    ISSN 0963-8288
    DOI 10.1080/09638288.2020.1735538
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Decontamination interventions for the reuse of surgical mask personal protective equipment: a systematic review.

    Zorko, D J / Gertsman, S / O'Hearn, K / Timmerman, N / Ambu-Ali, N / Dinh, T / Sampson, M / Sikora, L / McNally, J D / Choong, K

    The Journal of hospital infection

    2020  Volume 106, Issue 2, Page(s) 283–294

    Abstract: Background: The high demand for personal protective equipment during the novel coronavirus outbreak has prompted the need to develop strategies to conserve supply. Little is known regarding decontamination interventions to allow for surgical mask reuse.! ...

    Abstract Background: The high demand for personal protective equipment during the novel coronavirus outbreak has prompted the need to develop strategies to conserve supply. Little is known regarding decontamination interventions to allow for surgical mask reuse.
    Aim: To identify and synthesize data from original research evaluating interventions to decontaminate surgical masks for the purpose of reuse.
    Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Global Health, the WHO COVID-19 database, Google Scholar, DisasterLit, preprint servers, and prominent journals from inception to April 8
    Findings: Seven studies met eligibility criteria: one evaluated the effects of heat and chemical interventions applied after mask use on mask performance, and six evaluated interventions applied prior to mask use to enhance antimicrobial properties and/or mask performance. Mask performance and germicidal effects were evaluated with heterogeneous test conditions. Safety outcomes were infrequently evaluated. Mask performance was best preserved with dry heat decontamination. Good germicidal effects were observed in salt-, N-halamine-, and nanoparticle-coated masks.
    Conclusion: There is limited evidence on the safety or efficacy of surgical mask decontamination. Given the heterogeneous methods used in studies to date, we are unable to draw conclusions on the most efficacious and safe intervention for decontaminating surgical masks.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Decontamination/methods ; Decontamination/standards ; Equipment Reuse/standards ; Equipment Reuse/statistics & numerical data ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Masks/standards ; Masks/statistics & numerical data ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Personal Protective Equipment/standards ; Personal Protective Equipment/statistics & numerical data ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Protective Devices/standards ; Respiratory Protective Devices/statistics & numerical data ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 779366-2
    ISSN 1532-2939 ; 0195-6701
    ISSN (online) 1532-2939
    ISSN 0195-6701
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.07.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Magnetic inhomogeneity on a triangular lattice: the magnetic-exchange versus the elastic energy and the role of disorder.

    Zorko, A / Kokalj, J / Komelj, M / Adamopoulos, O / Luetkens, H / Arčon, D / Lappas, A

    Scientific reports

    2015  Volume 5, Page(s) 9272

    Abstract: Inhomogeneity in the ground state is an intriguing, emergent phenomenon in magnetism. Recently, it has been observed in the magnetostructural channel of the geometrically frustrated α-NaMnO2, for the first time in the absence of active charge degrees of ... ...

    Abstract Inhomogeneity in the ground state is an intriguing, emergent phenomenon in magnetism. Recently, it has been observed in the magnetostructural channel of the geometrically frustrated α-NaMnO2, for the first time in the absence of active charge degrees of freedom. Here we report an in-depth numerical and local-probe experimental study of the isostructural sister compound CuMnO2 that emphasizes and provides an explanation for the crucial differences between the two systems. The experimentally verified, much more homogeneous, ground state of the stoichiometric CuMnO2 is attributed to the reduced magnetoelastic competition between the counteracting magnetic-exchange and elastic-energy contributions. The comparison of the two systems additionally highlights the role of disorder and allows the understanding of the puzzling phenomenon of phase separation in uniform antiferromagnets.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/srep09272
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Physical rehabilitation interventions in the intensive care unit: a scoping review of 117 studies.

    Reid, Julie C / Unger, Janelle / McCaskell, Devin / Childerhose, Laura / Zorko, David J / Kho, Michelle E

    Journal of intensive care

    2018  Volume 6, Page(s) 80

    Abstract: Background: Physical rehabilitation (PR) interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) can improve patients' functional outcomes, yet systematic reviews identified discordant effects and poor reporting. We conducted a scoping review to determine the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Physical rehabilitation (PR) interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) can improve patients' functional outcomes, yet systematic reviews identified discordant effects and poor reporting. We conducted a scoping review to determine the extent of ICU PR interventions and how they were reported and measured.
    Methods: We searched five databases from inception to December 2016 for prospective studies evaluating adult ICU PR interventions. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts for inclusion. We assessed completeness of reporting using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, or Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence guidelines, as appropriate. For planned PR interventions, we evaluated reporting with the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) and assessed intervention and control groups separately. We calculated completeness of reporting scores for each study; scores represented the proportion of reported items. We compared reporting between groups using Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni corrections and
    Results: We screened 61,774 unique citations, reviewed 1429 full-text publications, and included 117: 39 randomized trials, 30 case series, 9 two-group comparison, 14 before-after, and 25 cohort. Interventions included neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) (14.5%), passive/active exercises (15.4%), cycling (6.8%), progressive mobility (32.5%), and multicomponent (29.9%). The median (first,third quartiles) study reporting score was 75.9% (62.5, 86.7) with no significant differences between reporting guidelines. Of 87 planned intervention studies, the median CERT score was 55.6%(44.7,75.0); cycling had the highest (85.0%(62.2,93.8)), and NMES and multicomponent the lowest (50.0% (39.5, 70.3) and 50.0% (41.5, 58.8), respectively) scores. Authors reported intervention groups better than controls (
    Conclusions: We identified important reporting deficiencies in ICU PR interventions, limiting clinical implementation and future trial development.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2739853-5
    ISSN 2052-0492
    ISSN 2052-0492
    DOI 10.1186/s40560-018-0349-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Real-Time Monitoring of Cation Dissolution/Deintercalation Kinetics from Transition-Metal Oxides in Organic Environments.

    Lopes, Pietro P / Zorko, Milena / Hawthorne, Krista L / Connell, Justin G / Ingram, Brian J / Strmcnik, Dusan / Stamenkovic, Vojislav R / Markovic, Nenad M

    The journal of physical chemistry letters

    2018  Volume 9, Issue 17, Page(s) 4935–4940

    Abstract: The future of high-voltage rechargeable batteries is closely tied to the fundamental understanding of the processes that lead to the potential-dependent degradation of electrode materials and organic electrolytes. To date, however, there have been no ... ...

    Abstract The future of high-voltage rechargeable batteries is closely tied to the fundamental understanding of the processes that lead to the potential-dependent degradation of electrode materials and organic electrolytes. To date, however, there have been no methods able to provide quantitative, in situ and in real time information about the electrode dissolution kinetics and concomitant electrolyte decomposition during charge/discharge. We describe the development of such a method, which is of both fundamental and technological significance. Our novel approach enables simultaneous and independent measurements of transition-metal cation dissolution rates from different oxide hosts (Co
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1948-7185
    ISSN (online) 1948-7185
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01936
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: The role of an interface in stabilizing reaction intermediates for hydrogen evolution in aprotic electrolytes.

    Castelli, Ivano E / Zorko, Milena / Østergaard, Thomas M / Martins, Pedro F B D / Lopes, Pietro P / Antonopoulos, Byron K / Maglia, Filippo / Markovic, Nenad M / Strmcnik, Dusan / Rossmeisl, Jan

    Chemical science

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 15, Page(s) 3914–3922

    Abstract: By combining idealized experiments with realistic quantum mechanical simulations of an interface, we investigate electro-reduction reactions of HF, water and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) on the single crystal (111) facets of Au, Pt, Ir and Cu in organic ... ...

    Abstract By combining idealized experiments with realistic quantum mechanical simulations of an interface, we investigate electro-reduction reactions of HF, water and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) on the single crystal (111) facets of Au, Pt, Ir and Cu in organic aprotic electrolytes, 1 M LiPF
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2559110-1
    ISSN 2041-6539 ; 2041-6520
    ISSN (online) 2041-6539
    ISSN 2041-6520
    DOI 10.1039/c9sc05768d
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Association of blood pressure variability with short- and long-term cognitive outcomes in patients with critical illness.

    Garbajs, Nika Zorko / Singh, Tarun D / Valencia Morales, Diana J / Herasevich, Vitaly / Warner, David O / Martin, David P / Knopman, David S / Petersen, Ronald C / Hanson, Andrew C / Jennissen, Andrew J / Schroeder, Darrell R / Weingarten, Toby N / Gajic, Ognjen / Rabinstein, Alejandro A / Sprung, Juraj

    Journal of critical care

    2022  Volume 71, Page(s) 154107

    Abstract: Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV), a modifiable risk factor, can compromise cerebral perfusion in critically ill patients. We studied the association between BPV in the intensive care unit (ICU) and short- and long-term cognitive outcomes.: ...

    Abstract Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV), a modifiable risk factor, can compromise cerebral perfusion in critically ill patients. We studied the association between BPV in the intensive care unit (ICU) and short- and long-term cognitive outcomes.
    Methods: All patients were ≥50 years old. The short-term cognitive end points were delirium and depressed alertness without delirium. The long-term outcome was change in the slope of longitudinal cognitive scores. Primary BPV measure was average real variability (ARV) of systolic blood pressure. Associations were assessed with multivariable multinominal logistic regression and linear mixed effects models.
    Results: Of 794 patients (1130 admissions) 185 developed delirium and 274 developed depressed alertness. There was a dose-response association of 24-h systolic ARV with delirium (adjusted OR, 95% CI 2.15 per 5 mm Hg increase, 1.31-3.06, P < 0.017) and with depressed alertness (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.18-3.03, P < 0.008). For 371 patients with available longitudinal cognitive scores, the decline in cognitive trajectory was accelerated after discharge (annual change OR -0.097, 95% CI -0.122 to -0.073). This acceleration increased with delirium (additional decline -0.132 [-0.233 to 0.030], P = 0.011). We found no significant association between BPV and post-ICU cognitive trajectory.
    Conclusions: BPV was associated with increased likelihood of delirium in the ICU. Delirium, but not BPV, was associated with long-term cognitive decline.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Pressure ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Critical Illness/psychology ; Delirium ; Humans ; Middle Aged
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632818-0
    ISSN 1557-8615 ; 0883-9441
    ISSN (online) 1557-8615
    ISSN 0883-9441
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.154107
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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