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  1. Article ; Online: Zoonotic mosquito-borne arboviruses: Spillover, spillback, and realistic mitigation strategies.

    Campos, Rafael K / Rossi, Shannan L / Tesh, Robert B / Weaver, Scott C

    Science translational medicine

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 718, Page(s) eadj2166

    Abstract: Emerging zoonotic mosquito-borne viruses pose increasing health threats because of growing mosquito population, geographic expansions, and control challenges. We emphasize the need for global preparedness to effectively mitigate the health, societal, and ...

    Abstract Emerging zoonotic mosquito-borne viruses pose increasing health threats because of growing mosquito population, geographic expansions, and control challenges. We emphasize the need for global preparedness to effectively mitigate the health, societal, and economic impacts of spillover by these viruses through proactive measures of prediction, surveillance, prevention, and treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arboviruses ; Arbovirus Infections/prevention & control ; Culicidae
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2518854-9
    ISSN 1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
    ISSN (online) 1946-6242
    ISSN 1946-6234
    DOI 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj2166
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6941: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Testicular pathological alterations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Ly, Judy / Campos, Rafael K / Hager-Soto, E Eldridge / Camargos, Vidyleison N / Rossi, Shannan L

    Frontiers in reproductive health

    2023  Volume 5, Page(s) 1229622

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused one of the pandemics with the highest mortalities with millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of cases to ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused one of the pandemics with the highest mortalities with millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of cases to date. Due to its potential for airborne transmission, many studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 primarily as a respiratory disease. However, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 to non-respiratory organs has been experimentally demonstrated and clinically observed. During autopsy studies, histopathological lesions, and disruption of the blood-testes barrier (BTB) have been observed in the male reproductive tract. Here, we review findings from both autopsy cases and animal models that demonstrate testicular disease due to COVID-19 and present an overview of the pathological alterations that occur in the testes resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection and explore its potential mechanisms.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2673-3153
    ISSN (online) 2673-3153
    DOI 10.3389/frph.2023.1229622
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: CD8

    Campos, Rafael K / Liang, Yuejin / Azar, Sasha R / Ly, Judy / Camargos, Vidyleison Neves / Hager-Soto, E Eldridge / Eyzaguirre, Eduardo / Sun, Jiaren / Rossi, Shannan L

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2024  

    Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) causes human testicular inflammation and alterations in sperm parameters and causes testicular damage in mouse models. The involvement of individual immune cells in testicular damage is not fully understood. We detected virus in the ... ...

    Abstract Zika virus (ZIKV) causes human testicular inflammation and alterations in sperm parameters and causes testicular damage in mouse models. The involvement of individual immune cells in testicular damage is not fully understood. We detected virus in the testes of the interferon (IFN) α/β receptor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.01.22.575592
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Yellow Fever Emergence: Role of Heterologous Flavivirus Immunity in Preventing Urban Transmission.

    Shinde, Divya P / Plante, Jessica A / Scharton, Dionna / Mitchell, Brooke / Walker, Jordyn / Azar, Sasha R / Campos, Rafael K / Sacchetto, Lívia / Drumond, Betânia P / Vasilakis, Nikos / Plante, Kenneth S / Weaver, Scott C

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2024  

    Abstract: During major, recent yellow fever (YF) epidemics in Brazil, human cases were attributed only to spillover infections from sylvatic transmission with no evidence of human amplification. Furthermore, the historic absence of YF in Asia, despite abundant ... ...

    Abstract During major, recent yellow fever (YF) epidemics in Brazil, human cases were attributed only to spillover infections from sylvatic transmission with no evidence of human amplification. Furthermore, the historic absence of YF in Asia, despite abundant peridomestic
    One-sentence summary: Immunity from dengue and Zika viruses suppresses yellow fever viremia, preventing infection of mosquitoes and reducing the risk of epidemics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.03.03.583168
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 decontamination of skin with disinfectants active during and after application.

    Campos, R K / Mirchandani, D / Rafael, G / Saada, N / McMahon, R / Weaver, S C

    The Journal of hospital infection

    2021  Volume 111, Page(s) 35–39

    Abstract: Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in high levels of exposure of medical workers to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hand decontamination is one of the actions recommended to reduce the risk of ... ...

    Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in high levels of exposure of medical workers to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hand decontamination is one of the actions recommended to reduce the risk of infection.
    Aim: Two disinfectants - BIAKŌS antimicrobial skin and wound cleanser (AWC) and AWC2 (Sanara MedTech, Fort Worth, TX, USA) - were tested to determine whether they can inactivate SARS-CoV-2 upon contact or as a coating applied before contact with the virus.
    Methods: The ability of AWC and AWC2 to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 was tested in liquid and dried form on plastic surfaces and porcine skin.
    Findings: AWC and AWC2 were effective in reducing the infectious titre of SARS-CoV-2 in liquid form during application and in dried form 4 h after application. Virus on skin was reduced up to 2 log
    Conclusion: Application of AWC and AWC2 to skin reduces the level of SARS-CoV-2 and the risk of infection.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Topical ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Hand Disinfection/methods ; Hand Sanitizers/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Skin/virology
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Hand Sanitizers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 779366-2
    ISSN 1532-2939 ; 0195-6701
    ISSN (online) 1532-2939
    ISSN 0195-6701
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.02.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1586: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  6. Article ; Online: Testicular pathological alterations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection

    Judy Ly / Rafael K. Campos / E. Eldridge Hager-Soto / Vidyleison N. Camargos / Shannan L. Rossi

    Frontiers in Reproductive Health, Vol

    2023  Volume 5

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused one of the pandemics with the highest mortalities with millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of cases to ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused one of the pandemics with the highest mortalities with millions of deaths and hundreds of millions of cases to date. Due to its potential for airborne transmission, many studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 primarily as a respiratory disease. However, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 to non-respiratory organs has been experimentally demonstrated and clinically observed. During autopsy studies, histopathological lesions, and disruption of the blood-testes barrier (BTB) have been observed in the male reproductive tract. Here, we review findings from both autopsy cases and animal models that demonstrate testicular disease due to COVID-19 and present an overview of the pathological alterations that occur in the testes resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection and explore its potential mechanisms.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; testes ; male reproductive tract ; testicular disease ; COVID-19 ; Reproduction ; QH471-489 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus V3526 Vaccine RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Mutants Increase Vaccine Safety Through Restricted Tissue Tropism in a Murine Model.

    Haines, Clint A / Campos, Rafael K / Azar, Sasha R / Warmbrod, K Lane / Kautz, Tiffany F / Forrester, Naomi L / Rossi, Shannan L

    Zoonoses (Burlington, Mass.)

    2022  Volume 2

    Abstract: Background: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an arbovirus endemic to the Americas. There are no approved vaccines or antivirals. TC-83 and V3526 are the best-characterized vaccine candidates for VEEV. Both are live-attenuated vaccines and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an arbovirus endemic to the Americas. There are no approved vaccines or antivirals. TC-83 and V3526 are the best-characterized vaccine candidates for VEEV. Both are live-attenuated vaccines and have been associated with safety concerns, albeit less so for V3526. A previous attempt to improve the TC-83 vaccine focused on further attenuating the vaccine by adding mutations that altered the error incorporation rate of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).
    Methods: The research presented here examines the impact of these RdRp mutations in V3526 by cloning the 3X and 4X strains, assessing vaccine efficacy against challenge in adult female CD-1 mice, examining neutralizing antibody titers, investigating vaccine tissue tropism, and testing the stability of the mutant strains.
    Results: Our results show that the V3526 RdRp mutants exhibited reduced tissue tropism in the spleen and kidney compared to wild-type V3526, while maintaining vaccine efficacy. Illumina sequencing showed that the RdRp mutations could revert to wild-type V3526.
    Conclusions: The observed genotypic reversion is likely of limited concern because wild-type V3526 is still an effective vaccine capable of providing protection. Our results indicate that the V3526 RdRp mutants may be a safer vaccine design than the original V3526.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    DOI 10.15212/zoonoses-2021-0016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Epidemic Alphaviruses: Ecology, Emergence and Outbreaks.

    Azar, Sasha R / Campos, Rafael K / Bergren, Nicholas A / Camargos, Vidyleison N / Rossi, Shannan L

    Microorganisms

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 8

    Abstract: Over the past century, the emergence/reemergence of arthropod-borne zoonotic agents has been a growing public health concern. In particular, agents from the ... ...

    Abstract Over the past century, the emergence/reemergence of arthropod-borne zoonotic agents has been a growing public health concern. In particular, agents from the genus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8081167
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Aedes aegypti

    Azar, Sasha R / Campos, Rafael K / Yun, Ruimei / Strange, Taylor / Rossi, Shannan L / Hanley, Kathryn A / Vasilakis, Nikos / Weaver, Scott C

    Viruses

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 4

    Abstract: Chronic conditions like type II diabetes (T2DM) have long been known to exacerbate many infectious diseases. For many arboviruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV), severe outcomes, morbidity and mortality usually only occur in patients with such pre-existing ...

    Abstract Chronic conditions like type II diabetes (T2DM) have long been known to exacerbate many infectious diseases. For many arboviruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV), severe outcomes, morbidity and mortality usually only occur in patients with such pre-existing conditions. However, the effects of T2DM and other pre-existing conditions on human blood (e.g., hypo/hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia) that may impact infectivity of arboviruses for vectors is largely unexplored. We investigated whether the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes was affected when the mosquitoes fed on "diabetic" bloodmeals, such as bloodmeals composed of artificially glycosylated erythrocytes or those from viremic, diabetic mice (LEPRDB/DB). Increasing glycosylation of erythrocytes from hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) values of 5.5-5.9 to 6.2 increased the infection rate of a Galveston, Texas strain of Ae. aegypti to ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at a bloodmeal titer of 4.14 log10 FFU/mL from 0.0 to 40.9 and 42.9%, respectively. ZIKV was present in the blood of viremic LEPRDB/DB mice at similar levels as isogenic control C57BL/6J mice (3.3 log10 FFU/mL and 3.6 log10 FFU/mL, respectively. When mice sustained a higher ZIKV viremia of 4.6 log10 FFU/mL, LEPRDB/DB mice infected 36.3% of mosquitoes while control C57BL/6J mice with a viremia of 4.2 log10 FFU/mL infected only 4.1%. Additionally, when highly susceptible Ae. aegypti Rockefeller mosquitoes fed on homozygous LEPRDB/DB, heterozygous LEPRWT/DB, and control C57BL/6J mice with viremias of ≈ 4 log10 FFU/mL, 54%, 15%, and 33% were infected, respectively. In total, these data suggest that the prevalence of T2DM in a population may have a significant impact on ZIKV transmission and indicates the need for further investigation of the impacts of pre-existing metabolic conditions on arbovirus transmission.
    MeSH term(s) Aedes ; Animals ; Arboviruses ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mosquito Vectors ; Viremia ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v14040665
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: SARS-CoV-2 Infects Hamster Testes

    Campos, Rafael K. / Camargos, Vidyleison N. / Azar, Sasha R. / Haines, Clint A. / Eyzaguirre, Eduardo J. / Rossi, Shannan L.

    Microorganisms. 2021 June 17, v. 9, no. 6

    2021  

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect millions of people worldwide. Although SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory virus, there is growing concern that the disease could cause damage and pathology outside the lungs, including in the genital tract. Studies ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect millions of people worldwide. Although SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory virus, there is growing concern that the disease could cause damage and pathology outside the lungs, including in the genital tract. Studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection can damage the testes and reduce testosterone levels, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown and evidence of virus replication in testicular cells is lacking. We infected golden Syrian hamsters intranasally, a model for mild human COVID-19, and detected viral RNA in testes samples without histopathological changes up to one month post-infection. Using an ex vivo infection model, we detected SARS-CoV-2 replication in hamster testicular cells. Taken together, our data raise the possibility that testes damage observed in severe cases of COVID-19 could be partly explained by direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of the testicular cells.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; RNA ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; hamsters ; histopathology ; humans ; models ; testes ; testosterone ; virus replication ; viruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0617
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9061318
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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