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  1. Article: The Pattern of Midface Fractures in Jordan: A Retrospective Review of Medical Records.

    Bataineh, Anwar B / Khader, Yousef

    Journal of emergencies, trauma, and shock

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) 167–170

    Abstract: Introduction: Midface fracture incidence and trauma patterns vary across countries, due to socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural factors. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the etiology, pattern, and treatment of midface fractures in ...

    Abstract Introduction: Midface fracture incidence and trauma patterns vary across countries, due to socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural factors. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the etiology, pattern, and treatment of midface fractures in North of Jordan during 2018-2021.
    Methods: This single-center retrospective study was based on the review of the medical records of patients who had suffered midface fractures and were treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the King Abdullah University Hospital. The dataset for this investigation spanned the 4-year period from January 2018 to December 2021.
    Results: During the 4-year period, 267 patients presented with 376 different maxillofacial fractures. Of those, 140 patients had 250 midface fractures, with a mean of 1.79 per patient. Their age ranged from 2 to 68 years (mean [standard deviation] = 25.8 [12.0] years). The most frequent injury cause was road traffic accidents (RTA) (
    Conclusions: Midface fractures were more common among males, and primarily occurred in the orbital floor due to the high incidence of RTAs. Maxillary fractures were mostly of the LeFort I Type and ORIF was the most common treatment modality.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-17
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2461111-6
    ISSN 0974-519X ; 0974-2700
    ISSN (online) 0974-519X
    ISSN 0974-2700
    DOI 10.4103/jets.jets_42_23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Management of interdental papillary defects using subperiosteal hyaluronic acid injection overlay technique: a prospective longitudinal clinical study.

    Hamadeh, Wiam / Alhabashneh, Rola / Abdelhafez, Reem / Khader, Yousef

    Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985)

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: Currently, there is no established treatment protocol to treat Interdental papillary loss. This research aimed to evaluate the outcomes of interdental papillary reconstruction using minimally invasive surgery, with injectable hyaluronic acid ( ...

    Abstract Objective: Currently, there is no established treatment protocol to treat Interdental papillary loss. This research aimed to evaluate the outcomes of interdental papillary reconstruction using minimally invasive surgery, with injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) gel.
    Materials and methods: Seventeen patients were included, each with five sites of class 1 papillary recession; (forty sites in the upper jaw and forty-five sites in the lower jaw). Subperiosteal tunneling was performed through a horizontal incision made apical to the base of the papilla without penetrating it. The free gingival sulcus was sealed by 000 retraction cord. After that a total of 0.2-0.6 mL HA was injected gradually. The incision was sutured with polyglycolic sutures. Treated sites underwent clinical and digital evaluation at three follow up time points (1 month, 3 months and 6 months).
    Results: The interdental papillary defect height in the upper jaw sites significantly reduced by 60%, 66%, and 42% at 1 month, 3 and 6 months, respectively. Also, in lower jaw sites, the reduction was of about 54%, 55%, and 40% at the same follow up time points. Regarding interdental papillary defect surface area in the upper jaw the reduction was about 65%, 71%, and 45% at 1 month, 3 and 6 months. In the lower jaw, a reduction of about 60%, 64%, and 48% was noticed at the same time points. Regarding patients' pain level score, during the day of surgery, sixteen patients reported pain, the average pain score out of 10 was 3.94, and eleven patients (64.7%) needed to take analgesics. The pain generally subsided in the following days. Also, at the day of the treatment twelve out of the seventeen patients (70.6%) reported mild difficulty in speaking and eating. No complication, hypersensitivity or allergy was noted in any patient.
    Conclusion: Subperiosteal tunneling with HA injection demonstrates clinical improvements in papilla height and papillary recession surface area reduction after 3 months of follow-up with reduction in improvement after 6 months.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7436-6
    ISSN 1936-7163 ; 0033-6572
    ISSN (online) 1936-7163
    ISSN 0033-6572
    DOI 10.3290/j.qi.b4920305
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Management of interdental papillary defects using subperiosteal hyaluronic acid injection overlay technique: a prospective longitudinal clinical study.

    Hamadeh, Wiam / Alhabashneh, Rola / Abdelhafez, Reem / Khader, Yousef

    Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985)

    2024  Volume 55, Issue 3, Page(s) 180–189

    Abstract: Objective: Currently, there is no established treatment protocol to treat interdental papillary loss. This research aimed to evaluate the outcomes of interdental papillary reconstruction using minimally invasive surgery, with injectable hyaluronic acid ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Currently, there is no established treatment protocol to treat interdental papillary loss. This research aimed to evaluate the outcomes of interdental papillary reconstruction using minimally invasive surgery, with injectable hyaluronic acid gel.
    Method and materials: Seventeen patients were included, each with five sites of class 1 papillary recession (40 sites in the maxilla and 45 sites in the mandible). Subperiosteal tunneling was performed through a horizontal incision made apical to the base of the papilla without penetrating it. The free gingival sulcus was sealed by 000 retraction cord. A total of 0.2 to 0.6 mL hyaluronic acid was injected gradually. The incision was sutured with polyglycolic sutures. Treated sites underwent clinical and digital evaluation at three follow-up time points (1 month, 3 months, and 6 months).
    Results: The interdental papillary defect height in the maxillary sites significantly reduced by 60%, 66%, and 42% at 1, 3, and 6 months, respectively. In mandibular sites, the reduction was 54%, 55%, and 40% at the same follow-up time points. Regarding interdental papillary defect surface area in the maxilla, the reduction was 65%, 71%, and 45% at 1, 3, and 6 months. In the mandible, a reduction of 60%, 64%, and 48% was noticed at the same time points. Regarding patients' pain level score, during the day of surgery, 16 patients reported pain; the average pain score out of 10 was 3.94, and 11 patients (64.7%) needed to take analgesics. The pain generally subsided in the following days. At the day of treatment, 12 out of the 17 patients (70.6%) reported mild difficulty in speaking and eating. No complication, hypersensitivity, or allergy was noted in any patient.
    Conclusion: Subperiosteal tunneling with hyaluronic acid injection demonstrates clinical improvements in papilla height and papillary recession surface area reduction after 3 months of follow-up, with reduction in improvement after 6 months.
    Clinical significance: Adjunctive use of hyaluronic acid injection with minimally invasive surgery in interdental papillary management may improve clinical and esthetic outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gingiva/surgery ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Maxilla ; Pain ; Prospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Hyaluronic Acid (9004-61-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Clinical Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7436-6
    ISSN 1936-7163 ; 0033-6572
    ISSN (online) 1936-7163
    ISSN 0033-6572
    DOI 10.3290/j.qi.b5128447
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Assessment of knowledge, perception, and practice patterns of Jordanian optometrists during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional online survey.

    Haddad, Mera F / Khader, Yousef

    International journal of ophthalmology

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) 1729–1735

    Abstract: Aim: To investigate knowledge, risk perception, and attitude towards corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and infection control measures among optometrists in Jordan.: Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed through social media platforms ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To investigate knowledge, risk perception, and attitude towards corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and infection control measures among optometrists in Jordan.
    Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed through social media platforms to optometrists registered with the Jordanian syndicate and Jordanian association of optics. Information on participants' socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of clinical features of COVID-19, risk assessment and infection control measures for preventing disease transmission were collected.
    Results: A total of 135 optometrists (80 females and 55 males) with a mean age of 32±10y responded to the survey. Most optometrists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms, modes of transmission and measures for preventing COVID-19 and transmission in the ophthalmic setup. However, more than half of the optometrists did not receive any training about protection or infection control by their employers at their work place. Social media was the most common source of information on COVID-19 (76%). Most optometrists (85.2%) thought that the virus could be detected in tears, and 45.9% thought that red eye is a symptom of COVID-19.
    Conclusion: Optometrists in Jordan are aware of the clinical features and preventive measures related to COVID-19 infection. However, training on infection control is lacking and needs to be improved. Guidelines by international professional optometric associations should be promoted through regional and national associations to all registered optometrists and access to peer review. Journals should be encouraged to ensure that the knowledge about the pandemic is up to date and accurate.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-18
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2663246-9
    ISSN 2227-4898 ; 2222-3959
    ISSN (online) 2227-4898
    ISSN 2222-3959
    DOI 10.18240/ijo.2022.11.01
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents and adults in the Middle East and North Africa region: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Al-Wardat, Mohammad / Etoom, Mohammad / Almhdawi, Khader A / Hawamdeh, Ziad / Khader, Yousef

    BMJ open

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e078849

    Abstract: Objectives: To systematically estimate the overall prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.: Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To systematically estimate the overall prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
    Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.
    Data sources: Medline and Scopus databases were comprehensively and systematically searched between 1990 and February 2023.
    Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: We included all cross-sectional or cohort studies that diagnosed ADHD using validated diagnostic tools (eg, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, ADHD rating scales and ADHD diagnostic interview) or non-validated tools (eg, brain imaging techniques, computerised cognitive tests and quantitative electroencephalography).
    Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers performed the data extraction independently using standardised data collection sheet. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Individualised and pooled event rate and upper and lower limit at 95% CI were calculated according to the ADHD cases and the total sample size using a random-effect model. The subgroup prevalence analyses according to ADHD subtypes, gender, MENA country and age were also performed.
    Results: A total of 63 articles met the inclusion criteria involving 849 902 participants. The overall prevalence of ADHD was 10.3% (95% CI 0.081 to 0.129). The prevalence rate ranged from 1.3% (Yemen) to 22.2% (Iran). Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence in adults was 13.5 and 10.1 in children and adolescents. Males exhibited significantly higher prevalence compared with females as these were 11.1% and 7%, respectively. Attention-deficit subtype was significantly the most prevalent (46.7%) compared with hyperactivity/impulsivity (33.7%) and combined types (20.6%).
    Conclusion: The overall prevalence of ADHD was high in the MENA region. It is crucial to allocate more attention and resources towards the prevention and treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents and adults within the region.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Africa, Northern/epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Middle East/epidemiology ; Prevalence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078849
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Comparative analysis of the trueness of linear measurements using direct and indirect scanning protocols compared to actual clinical measurements.

    Abdelhafez, Reem S / Mustafa, Noor M / Khader, Yousef S

    Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 263–269

    Abstract: Objectives: To assess the trueness of digital measurements using direct and indirect scanning approaches compared to the actual clinical measurements.: Materials and methods: The crown length, width, and width/length ratio were measured in 36 ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To assess the trueness of digital measurements using direct and indirect scanning approaches compared to the actual clinical measurements.
    Materials and methods: The crown length, width, and width/length ratio were measured in 36 anterior maxillary teeth using three different methods. The first was clinically using a digital caliper, the second was by scanning the teeth using a digital scanner and the third was by making an impression of the teeth, constructing a stone cast in the lab, and scanning it to obtain digital measurements. Bland-Altman test and intraclass correlation were used to assess the data and make comparisons.
    Results: Measurements taken using both approaches were highly reliable, with intraclass correlations ranging from 0.934 to 0.977 (p ≤ 0.000). Bland-Altman plot reflected a minimal mean difference between measurements especially in crown width measurements. Crown width/crown length measurement displayed the highest mean difference.
    Conclusions: Both direct and indirect optical surface scans showed similar high trueness in linear measurements of teeth. A higher discrepancy was detected in the crown width/length ratio.
    Clinical significance: Digital dentistry is the new era in patient management. The use of conventional impression techniques and physical dental casts is associated with several disadvantages. Scanning dental casts to convert physical records into digital ones has multiple advantages. Optical surface scans (digital models) of the dentition are currently being more broadly used and advocated in the different dental disciplines including the construction of surgical guides for esthetic crown lengthening procedures. The trueness and reliability of linear measurements are of paramount importance to allow for proper fit and predictable outcomes. In this study, the trueness of these linear measurements obtained using direct and indirect methods was compared to the actual clinical measurements.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Dental Impression Technique ; Models, Dental ; Computer-Aided Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2043146-6
    ISSN 1708-8240 ; 1496-4155
    ISSN (online) 1708-8240
    ISSN 1496-4155
    DOI 10.1111/jerd.13122
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  7. Article ; Online: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Pulpotomy versus Root Canal Therapy in Mature Teeth with Irreversible Pulpitis: Outcome, Quality of Life, and Patients' Satisfaction.

    Taha, Nessrin A / Abuzaid, Alaa M / Khader, Yousef S

    Journal of endodontics

    2023  Volume 49, Issue 6, Page(s) 624–631.e2

    Abstract: Introduction: Vital pulp therapy is increasingly practiced as an alternative treatment to root canal therapy (RCT) in teeth with carious pulp exposure. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome, quality of life (QOL), and patients' satisfaction ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Vital pulp therapy is increasingly practiced as an alternative treatment to root canal therapy (RCT) in teeth with carious pulp exposure. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome, quality of life (QOL), and patients' satisfaction after full pulpotomy and RCT in mature teeth with irreversible pulpitis.
    Methods: Sixty mature permanent molar teeth with carious pulp exposure and a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 30). The first group was treated with full pulpotomy using Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France), and the second group was treated with RCT. The pain level was recorded preoperatively and at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days. Clinical and radiographic assessments were performed at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups; 1 case in each group did not attend. Based on the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire and 7 semantic differential scales, QOL, and patients' satisfaction were evaluated and compared statistically.
    Results: Pulpotomy and RCT had comparable success rates (27/29, 93%). Pain levels at day 1 after pulpotomy were significantly lower than after RCT (P = .037), less patients required analgesics (P = .028), and pulpotomy provided pain relief in a shorter time compared with RCT. Both treatments improved the Oral Health Impact Profile QOL of patients without significant differences (60.29, 64.1% at 1 year). Patients' satisfaction with pulpotomy was higher than RCT in terms of the time involved, intraoperative pain, pleasantness, and cost (P < .05).
    Conclusions: Full pulpotomy could be an alternative treatment to RCT in mature teeth with carious pulp exposure and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis based on the clinical and radiographic success rates and patients' satisfaction.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pulpotomy ; Pulpitis/surgery ; Pulpitis/drug therapy ; Patient Satisfaction ; Root Canal Therapy ; Calcium Compounds/therapeutic use ; Silicates/therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Calcium Compounds ; Silicates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752412-2
    ISSN 1878-3554 ; 0099-2399
    ISSN (online) 1878-3554
    ISSN 0099-2399
    DOI 10.1016/j.joen.2023.04.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents and adults in the Middle East and North Africa region

    Yousef Khader / Khader A Almhdawi / Mohammad Al-Wardat / Mohammad Etoom / Ziad Hawamdeh

    BMJ Open, Vol 14, Iss

    a systematic review and meta-analysis

    2024  Volume 1

    Abstract: Objectives To systematically estimate the overall prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted ...

    Abstract Objectives To systematically estimate the overall prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.Data sources Medline and Scopus databases were comprehensively and systematically searched between 1990 and February 2023.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies We included all cross-sectional or cohort studies that diagnosed ADHD using validated diagnostic tools (eg, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, ADHD rating scales and ADHD diagnostic interview) or non-validated tools (eg, brain imaging techniques, computerised cognitive tests and quantitative electroencephalography).Data extraction and synthesis Two reviewers performed the data extraction independently using standardised data collection sheet. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Individualised and pooled event rate and upper and lower limit at 95% CI were calculated according to the ADHD cases and the total sample size using a random-effect model. The subgroup prevalence analyses according to ADHD subtypes, gender, MENA country and age were also performed.Results A total of 63 articles met the inclusion criteria involving 849 902 participants. The overall prevalence of ADHD was 10.3% (95% CI 0.081 to 0.129). The prevalence rate ranged from 1.3% (Yemen) to 22.2% (Iran). Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence in adults was 13.5 and 10.1 in children and adolescents. Males exhibited significantly higher prevalence compared with females as these were 11.1% and 7%, respectively. Attention-deficit subtype was significantly the most prevalent (46.7%) compared with hyperactivity/impulsivity (33.7%) and combined types (20.6%).Conclusion The overall prevalence of ADHD was high in the MENA region. It is crucial to ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: HIV- related knowledge, attitude, practices, and stigma among healthcare providers caring for HIV in Jordan: Identification of several organizational challenges.

    Saad, Randa K / Khader, Yousef / Aqel, Ashraf Jamil / Satyanarayana, Srinath / Wilson, Nevin / Abaza, Hiba

    Heliyon

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) e24423

    Abstract: Background: There is a paucity of data on Healthcare Providers (HCPs) caring for people living with HIV in Jordan.: Objective: We aimed to understand HCPs' knowledge, attitude, stigma, and practices, to assess the gaps in HIV care in Jordan.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: There is a paucity of data on Healthcare Providers (HCPs) caring for people living with HIV in Jordan.
    Objective: We aimed to understand HCPs' knowledge, attitude, stigma, and practices, to assess the gaps in HIV care in Jordan.
    Methods: We conducted recorded in-depth interviews with all five HCPs working at the only HIV Service Center in Jordan, using semi-structured questions in 2021. Content analysis was performed.
    Results: Several organizational challenges were identified. Only one had received HIV training. All were uncertain of updated recommendations with little knowledge of international guidelines, vertical transmission, contraception, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and prophylaxis. Four HCPs perform counseling, focusing on easing anxieties, risk modification, and the importance of treatment adherence. However, their counseling on contraception, risk of transmission, STIs, and NCDs is inadequate, and they have little-to-no experience with prophylaxis. Most had a positive attitude towards people living with HIV, especially HCPs working at the center the longest, encouraging marriage and reproduction. Most do not approve of mandatory testing, or of breaching patient confidentiality. They repetitively described risky behavior as 'immoral behavior', empathizing more with patients who caught HIV through blood transfusion or birth, and demonstrating embedded stigmatized beliefs. They reported people living with HIV experience anticipated stigma and stigma by their general community including by other HCPs.
    Conclusion: This is the first study on HCPs caring for people living with HIV in Jordan. It highlights the suboptimal knowledge, practices, and stigma which improve with greater participatory exposure to HIV care. HCPs had an overall positive attitude, more evident in HCPs working at the clinic the longest.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24423
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Excess Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan: Secondary Data Analysis.

    Khader, Yousef / Al Nsour, Mohannad

    JMIR public health and surveillance

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 10, Page(s) e32559

    Abstract: Background: All-cause mortality and estimates of excess deaths are commonly used in different countries to estimate the burden of COVID-19 and assess its direct and indirect effects.: Objective: This study aimed to analyze the excess mortality during ...

    Abstract Background: All-cause mortality and estimates of excess deaths are commonly used in different countries to estimate the burden of COVID-19 and assess its direct and indirect effects.
    Objective: This study aimed to analyze the excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan in April-December 2020.
    Methods: Official data on deaths in Jordan for 2020 and previous years (2016-2019) were obtained from the Department of Civil Status. We contrasted mortality rates in 2020 with those in each year and the pooled period 2016-2020 using a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) measure. Expected deaths for 2020 were estimated by fitting the overdispersed Poisson generalized linear models to the monthly death counts for the period of 2016-2019.
    Results: Overall, a 21% increase in standardized mortality (SMR 1.21, 95% CI 1.19-1.22) occurred in April-December 2020 compared with the April-December months in the pooled period 2016-2019. The SMR was more pronounced for men than for women (SMR 1.26, 95% CI 1.24-1.29 vs SMR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10-1.14), and it was statistically significant for both genders (P<.05). Using overdispersed Poisson generalized linear models, the number of expected deaths in April-December 2020 was 12,845 (7957 for women and 4888 for men). The total number of excess deaths during this period was estimated at 4583 (95% CI 4451-4716), with higher excess deaths in men (3112, 95% CI 3003-3221) than in women (1503, 95% CI 1427-1579). Almost 83.66% of excess deaths were attributed to COVID-19 in the Ministry of Health database. The vast majority of excess deaths occurred in people aged 60 years or older.
    Conclusions: The reported COVID-19 death counts underestimated mortality attributable to COVID-19. Excess deaths could reflect the increased deaths secondary to the pandemic and its containment measures. The majority of excess deaths occurred among old age groups. It is, therefore, important to maintain essential services for the elderly during pandemics.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Jordan/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pandemics ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-07
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2369-2960
    ISSN (online) 2369-2960
    DOI 10.2196/32559
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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