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  1. Article ; Online: Are Antibiotics Helpful for Older Adults with Delirium and Pyuria or Bacteriuria?

    Reppas-Rindlisbacher, Christina / Kandel, Christopher

    NEJM evidence

    2023  Volume 2, Issue 9, Page(s) EVIDtt2300119

    Abstract: Antibiotics for Delirium and Pyuria or BacteriuriaDelirium is common among hospitalized older adults, frequently leading to initiation of antibiotics when pyuria or bacteriuria is detected. However, it is difficult to determine if pyuria or bacteriuria ... ...

    Abstract Antibiotics for Delirium and Pyuria or BacteriuriaDelirium is common among hospitalized older adults, frequently leading to initiation of antibiotics when pyuria or bacteriuria is detected. However, it is difficult to determine if pyuria or bacteriuria is the cause of delirium or incidentally identified. This article proposes a trial to assess if treatment with antibiotics hastens delirium resolution.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Pyuria/drug therapy ; Bacteriuria/drug therapy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Delirium/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2766-5526
    ISSN (online) 2766-5526
    DOI 10.1056/EVIDtt2300119
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  2. Article ; Online: Case 14-2017: A Man with Pain and Swelling of the Left Calf and a Purpuric Rash.

    Kandel, Christopher / Kandel, Gabor

    The New England journal of medicine

    2017  Volume 377, Issue 6, Page(s) 601

    MeSH term(s) Edema ; Exanthema ; Humans ; Male ; Pain ; Purpura
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017--10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc1707419
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  3. Article ; Online: Kidney and Cancer Outcomes with Standard Versus Alternative Chemotherapy Regimens for First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma.

    Côté, Gabrielle / Alqaisi, Husam / Chan, Christopher T / Jiang, Di Maria / Kandel, Christopher / Pelletier, Karyne / Wald, Ron / Sridhar, Srikala S / Kitchlu, Abhijat

    Kidney360

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 9, Page(s) e1203–e1211

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/drug therapy ; Cisplatin/therapeutic use ; Gemcitabine/therapeutic use ; Kidney ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Carboplatin/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over
    Chemical Substances Cisplatin (Q20Q21Q62J) ; Gemcitabine ; Carboplatin (BG3F62OND5) ; Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2641-7650
    ISSN (online) 2641-7650
    DOI 10.34067/KID.0000000000000214
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  4. Article ; Online: Optimising detection and prevention of prosthetic joint infections.

    Kandel, Christopher / Daneman, Nick

    BMJ quality & safety

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 5, Page(s) 349–351

    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Humans ; Quality Improvement ; Surgical Wound Infection
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2592912-4
    ISSN 2044-5423 ; 2044-5415
    ISSN (online) 2044-5423
    ISSN 2044-5415
    DOI 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-009070
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  5. Article ; Online: A direct lateral entorhinal cortex to hippocampal CA2 circuit conveys social information required for social memory.

    Lopez-Rojas, Jeffrey / de Solis, Christopher A / Leroy, Felix / Kandel, Eric R / Siegelbaum, Steven A

    Neuron

    2022  Volume 110, Issue 9, Page(s) 1559–1572.e4

    Abstract: The hippocampus is essential for different forms of declarative memory, including social memory, the ability to recognize and remember a conspecific. Although recent studies identify the importance of the dorsal CA2 region of the hippocampus in social ... ...

    Abstract The hippocampus is essential for different forms of declarative memory, including social memory, the ability to recognize and remember a conspecific. Although recent studies identify the importance of the dorsal CA2 region of the hippocampus in social memory storage, little is known about its sources of social information. Because CA2, like other hippocampal regions, receives its major source of spatial and non-spatial information from the medial and lateral subdivisions of entorhinal cortex (MEC and LEC), respectively, we investigated the importance of these inputs for social memory. Whereas MEC inputs to CA2 are dispensable, the direct inputs to CA2 from LEC are both selectively activated during social exploration and required for social memory. This selective behavioral role of LEC is reflected in the stronger excitatory drive it provides to CA2 compared with MEC. Thus, a direct LEC → CA2 circuit is tuned to convey social information that is critical for social memory.
    MeSH term(s) Entorhinal Cortex ; Hippocampus ; Mental Recall
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 808167-0
    ISSN 1097-4199 ; 0896-6273
    ISSN (online) 1097-4199
    ISSN 0896-6273
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.01.028
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  6. Article: Current trend of antibiotic prescription and management for peritonsillar abscess: A cross-sectional study.

    Wu, Vincent / Manojlovic Kolarski, Mirko / Kandel, Christopher E / Monteiro, Eric / Chan, Yvonne

    Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) 183–187

    Abstract: Objective: There are no consensus guidelines for managing peritonsillar abscess (PTA) despite its prevalence. In order to devise best practice guidelines, current practice patterns must first be established.: Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, ...

    Abstract Objective: There are no consensus guidelines for managing peritonsillar abscess (PTA) despite its prevalence. In order to devise best practice guidelines, current practice patterns must first be established.
    Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, surveying Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery trainees (residents and fellows) and consultant (academic and community). The primary outcome was the type and duration of outpatient antibiotic prescription. Secondary outcomes included differences in workup, management, prescription, and follow-up.
    Results: There were 57 respondents to the survey; 24 (42%) trainees (residents/fellows) and 33 (58%) consultants. On average, each respondent managed an average of 15.2 (SD 11.2) PTAs within the last year. All respondents prescribed oral antibiotics, with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid being the most common (61%). Trainees prescribed amoxicillin-clavulanic acid more often than consultants (n = 21, 88% vs n = 14, 42%,
    Conclusion: We found heterogeneity in the management of PTAs, with variability in the outpatient antibiotic prescription. This study highlighted the wide range of management strategies employed along with differences in workup, investigation, post-discharge analgesic prescription, and follow-up arrangements.
    Level of evidence: 5.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2378-8038
    ISSN 2378-8038
    DOI 10.1002/lio2.538
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  7. Article ; Online: Evaluating the impact of a SIMPlified LaYered consent process on recruitment of potential participants to the

    Ong, Sean W X / Lee, Todd C / Fowler, Robert A / Mahar, Robert / Pinto, Ruxandra L / Rishu, Asgar / Petrella, Lina / Whiteway, Lyn / Cheng, Matthew / McDonald, Emily / Johnstone, Jennie / Mertz, Dominik / Kandel, Christopher / Somayaji, Ranjani / Davis, Joshua S / Tong, Steven Y C / Daneman, Nick

    BMJ open

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e083239

    Abstract: Introduction: Informed consent forms (ICFs) for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) can be onerous and lengthy. The process has the potential to overwhelm patients with information, leading them to miss elements of the study that are critical for an ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Informed consent forms (ICFs) for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) can be onerous and lengthy. The process has the potential to overwhelm patients with information, leading them to miss elements of the study that are critical for an informed decision. Specifically, overly long and complicated ICFs have the potential to increase barriers to trial participation for patients with mild cognitive impairment, those who do not speak English as a first language or among those with lower medical literacy. In turn, this can influence trial recruitment, completion and external validity.
    Methods and analysis: SIMPLY-SNAP is a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, two-arm parallel-group superiority RCT, nested within a larger trial, the
    Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the ethics review board (Sunnybrook Health Sciences Research Ethics Board) at sites in Ontario. We will disseminate study results via the SNAP trial group and other collaborating clinical trial networks.
    Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT06168474; www.
    Clinicaltrials: gov).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Informed Consent ; Ontario ; Treatment Outcome ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Multicenter Studies as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083239
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  8. Article ; Online: The Use of Rifampin in Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies.

    Kruse, Colin C / Ekhtiari, Seper / Oral, Ismet / Selznick, Asher / Mundi, Raman / Chaudhry, Harman / Pincus, Daniel / Wolfstadt, Jesse / Kandel, Christopher E

    The Journal of arthroplasty

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 8, Page(s) 1650–1657

    Abstract: Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Rifampin is an antibiotic with the ability to penetrate bacterial biofilms, and thus has been considered as a potentially important adjunct ...

    Abstract Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Rifampin is an antibiotic with the ability to penetrate bacterial biofilms, and thus has been considered as a potentially important adjunct in the prevention and treatment of PJI. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate and summarize the use of rifampin in TJA, particularly in the context of PJI.
    Methods: A literature search of all relevant electronic databases was performed. All comparative studies assessing the use of rifampin in the context of TJA were included. Descriptive data are reported, and a meta-analysis was performed using all studies which compared the addition of rifampin to standard care in treating PJI.
    Results: A total of 33 studies met inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of 22 studies comparing the addition of rifampin to standard care for treating PJI found a significant reduction in failure rates (26.0% vs 35.9%; odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.43-0.86). The protective effect of rifampin was maintained in studies which included exchange arthroplasty as a treatment strategy, but not in studies only using an implant retention strategy. Among studies reporting adverse events of rifampin, there was a 20.5% adverse event rate.
    Conclusion: Overall, rifampin appears to confer a protective effect against treatment failure following PJI. This treatment effect is particularly pronounced in the context of exchange arthroplasty. Further high-level evidence is needed to clarify the exact indications and doses of rifampin which can most effectively act as an adjunct in the treatment of PJI.
    Level of evidence: Level III, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Level I-III Studies.
    MeSH term(s) Arthritis, Infectious/etiology ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects ; Humans ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Rifampin/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Rifampin (VJT6J7R4TR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 632770-9
    ISSN 1532-8406 ; 0883-5403
    ISSN (online) 1532-8406
    ISSN 0883-5403
    DOI 10.1016/j.arth.2022.03.072
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  9. Article ; Online: Case 10-2011: Fever, confusion, and liver failure.

    Kandel, Christopher / Kandel, Gabor

    The New England journal of medicine

    2011  Volume 365, Issue 2, Page(s) 185–6; author reply 187

    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/adverse effects ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune/etiology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha/adverse effects ; Liver Failure/etiology ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Ribavirin/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Interferon-alpha ; Ribavirin (49717AWG6K)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc1104834#SA1
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  10. Article ; Online: Yeast derlin Dfm1 employs a chaperone-like function to resolve misfolded membrane protein stress.

    Kandel, Rachel / Jung, Jasmine / Syau, Della / Kuo, Tiffany / Songster, Livia / Horn, Casey / Chapman, Claire / Aguayo, Analine / Duttke, Sascha / Benner, Christopher / Neal, Sonya E

    PLoS biology

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) e3001950

    Abstract: Protein aggregates are a common feature of diseased and aged cells. Membrane proteins comprise a quarter of the proteome, and yet, it is not well understood how aggregation of membrane proteins is regulated and what effects these aggregates can have on ... ...

    Abstract Protein aggregates are a common feature of diseased and aged cells. Membrane proteins comprise a quarter of the proteome, and yet, it is not well understood how aggregation of membrane proteins is regulated and what effects these aggregates can have on cellular health. We have determined in yeast that the derlin Dfm1 has a chaperone-like activity that influences misfolded membrane protein aggregation. We establish that this function of Dfm1 does not require recruitment of the ATPase Cdc48 and it is distinct from Dfm1's previously identified function in dislocating misfolded membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cytosol for degradation. Additionally, we assess the cellular impacts of misfolded membrane proteins in the absence of Dfm1 and determine that misfolded membrane proteins are toxic to cells in the absence of Dfm1 and cause disruptions to proteasomal and ubiquitin homeostasis.
    MeSH term(s) Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones/metabolism ; Protein Folding ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Dfm1 protein, S cerevisiae ; Membrane Proteins ; Molecular Chaperones ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2126776-5
    ISSN 1545-7885 ; 1544-9173
    ISSN (online) 1545-7885
    ISSN 1544-9173
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001950
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