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  1. Article ; Online: Maintaining mimicry diversity: optimal warning colour patterns differ among microhabitats in Amazonian clearwing butterflies.

    Willmott, Keith R / Robinson Willmott, Julia C / Elias, Marianne / Jiggins, Chris D

    Proceedings. Biological sciences

    2016  Volume 284, Issue 1855

    Abstract: Mimicry is one of the best-studied examples of adaptation, and recent studies have provided new insights into the role of mimicry in speciation and diversification. Classical Müllerian mimicry theory predicts convergence in warning signal among protected ...

    Abstract Mimicry is one of the best-studied examples of adaptation, and recent studies have provided new insights into the role of mimicry in speciation and diversification. Classical Müllerian mimicry theory predicts convergence in warning signal among protected species, yet tropical butterflies are exuberantly diverse in warning colour patterns, even within communities. We tested the hypothesis that microhabitat partitioning in aposematic butterflies and insectivorous birds can lead to selection for different colour patterns in different microhabitats and thus help maintain mimicry diversity. We measured distribution across flight height and topography for 64 species of clearwing butterflies (Ithomiini) and their co-mimics, and 127 species of insectivorous birds, in an Amazon rainforest community. For the majority of bird species, estimated encounter rates were non-random for the two most abundant mimicry rings. Furthermore, most butterfly species in these two mimicry rings displayed the warning colour pattern predicted to be optimal for anti-predator defence in their preferred microhabitats. These conclusions were supported by a field trial using butterfly specimens, which showed significantly different predation rates on colour patterns in two microhabitats. We therefore provide the first direct evidence to support the hypothesis that different mimicry patterns can represent stable, community-level adaptations to differing biotic environments.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Biological Mimicry ; Birds ; Butterflies ; Color ; Ecosystem ; Ecuador ; Pigmentation ; Predatory Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209242-6
    ISSN 1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    ISSN (online) 1471-2954
    ISSN 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    DOI 10.1098/rspb.2017.0744
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Developing an automated risk management tool to minimize bird and bat mortality at wind facilities.

    Robinson Willmott, Julia / Forcey, Greg M / Hooton, Lauren A

    Ambio

    2015  Volume 44 Suppl 4, Page(s) 557–571

    Abstract: A scarcity of baseline data is a significant barrier to understanding and mitigating potential impacts of offshore development on birds and bats. Difficult and sometimes unpredictable conditions coupled with high expense make gathering such data a ... ...

    Abstract A scarcity of baseline data is a significant barrier to understanding and mitigating potential impacts of offshore development on birds and bats. Difficult and sometimes unpredictable conditions coupled with high expense make gathering such data a challenge. The Acoustic and Thermographic Offshore Monitoring (ATOM) system combines thermal imaging with acoustic and ultrasound sensors to continuously monitor bird and bat abundance, flight height, direction, and speed. ATOM's development and potential capabilities are discussed, and illustrated using onshore and offshore test data obtained over 16 months in the eastern USA. Offshore deployment demonstrated birds tending to fly into winds and activity declining sharply in winds >10 km h(-1). Passerines showed distinct seasonal changes in flight bearing and flew higher than non-passerines. ATOM data could be used to automatically shut down wind turbines to minimize collision mortality while simultaneously providing information for modeling activity in relation to weather and season.
    MeSH term(s) Animal Migration ; Animals ; Automatic Data Processing/methods ; Birds/physiology ; Chiroptera/physiology ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Longevity ; Renewable Energy ; Risk Management/methods ; Wind
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120759-3
    ISSN 1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
    ISSN (online) 1654-7209
    ISSN 0044-7447
    DOI 10.1007/s13280-015-0707-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The distribution of manta rays in the western North Atlantic Ocean off the eastern United States.

    Farmer, Nicholas A / Garrison, Lance P / Horn, Calusa / Miller, Margaret / Gowan, Timothy / Kenney, Robert D / Vukovich, Michelle / Willmott, Julia Robinson / Pate, Jessica / Harry Webb, D / Mullican, Timothy J / Stewart, Joshua D / Bassos-Hull, Kim / Jones, Christian / Adams, Delaney / Pelletier, Nicole A / Waldron, Jordan / Kajiura, Stephen

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 6544

    Abstract: In 2018, the giant manta ray was listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We integrated decades of sightings and survey effort data from multiple sources in a comprehensive species distribution modeling (SDM) framework to evaluate the ... ...

    Abstract In 2018, the giant manta ray was listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We integrated decades of sightings and survey effort data from multiple sources in a comprehensive species distribution modeling (SDM) framework to evaluate the distribution of giant manta rays off the eastern United States, including the Gulf of Mexico. Manta rays were most commonly detected at productive nearshore and shelf-edge upwelling zones at surface thermal frontal boundaries within a temperature range of approximately 20-30 °C. SDMs predicted highest nearshore occurrence off northeastern Florida during April, with the distribution extending northward along the shelf-edge as temperatures warm, leading to higher occurrences north of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina from June to October, and then south of Savannah, Georgia from November to March as temperatures cool. In the Gulf of Mexico, the highest nearshore occurrence was predicted around the Mississippi River delta from April to June and again from October to November. SDM predictions will allow resource managers to more effectively protect manta rays from fisheries bycatch, boat strikes, oil and gas activities, contaminants and pollutants, and other threats.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Elasmobranchii ; Endangered Species ; Fisheries ; Georgia ; Skates, Fish ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-10482-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Developing an automated risk management tool to minimize bird and bat mortality at wind facilities

    Robinson Willmott, Julia / Greg M. Forcey / Lauren A. Hooton

    Ambio. 2015 Nov., v. 44, no. Supplement 4

    2015  

    Abstract: A scarcity of baseline data is a significant barrier to understanding and mitigating potential impacts of offshore development on birds and bats. Difficult and sometimes unpredictable conditions coupled with high expense make gathering such data a ... ...

    Abstract A scarcity of baseline data is a significant barrier to understanding and mitigating potential impacts of offshore development on birds and bats. Difficult and sometimes unpredictable conditions coupled with high expense make gathering such data a challenge. The Acoustic and Thermographic Offshore Monitoring (ATOM) system combines thermal imaging with acoustic and ultrasound sensors to continuously monitor bird and bat abundance, flight height, direction, and speed. ATOM’s development and potential capabilities are discussed, and illustrated using onshore and offshore test data obtained over 16 months in the eastern USA. Offshore deployment demonstrated birds tending to fly into winds and activity declining sharply in winds >10 km h⁻¹. Passerines showed distinct seasonal changes in flight bearing and flew higher than non-passerines. ATOM data could be used to automatically shut down wind turbines to minimize collision mortality while simultaneously providing information for modeling activity in relation to weather and season.
    Keywords acoustics ; birds ; chemical elements ; Chiroptera ; flight ; image analysis ; models ; monitoring ; mortality ; Passeriformes ; risk management ; seasonal variation ; thermography ; wind ; wind turbines ; Eastern United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-11
    Size p. 557-571.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 120759-3
    ISSN 1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
    ISSN (online) 1654-7209
    ISSN 0044-7447
    DOI 10.1007/s13280-015-0707-z
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  5. Article ; Online: The distribution of manta rays in the western North Atlantic Ocean off the eastern United States

    Nicholas A. Farmer / Lance P. Garrison / Calusa Horn / Margaret Miller / Timothy Gowan / Robert D. Kenney / Michelle Vukovich / Julia Robinson Willmott / Jessica Pate / D. Harry Webb / Timothy J. Mullican / Joshua D. Stewart / Kim Bassos-Hull / Christian Jones / Delaney Adams / Nicole A. Pelletier / Jordan Waldron / Stephen Kajiura

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 20

    Abstract: Abstract In 2018, the giant manta ray was listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We integrated decades of sightings and survey effort data from multiple sources in a comprehensive species distribution modeling (SDM) framework to ... ...

    Abstract Abstract In 2018, the giant manta ray was listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We integrated decades of sightings and survey effort data from multiple sources in a comprehensive species distribution modeling (SDM) framework to evaluate the distribution of giant manta rays off the eastern United States, including the Gulf of Mexico. Manta rays were most commonly detected at productive nearshore and shelf-edge upwelling zones at surface thermal frontal boundaries within a temperature range of approximately 20–30 °C. SDMs predicted highest nearshore occurrence off northeastern Florida during April, with the distribution extending northward along the shelf-edge as temperatures warm, leading to higher occurrences north of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina from June to October, and then south of Savannah, Georgia from November to March as temperatures cool. In the Gulf of Mexico, the highest nearshore occurrence was predicted around the Mississippi River delta from April to June and again from October to November. SDM predictions will allow resource managers to more effectively protect manta rays from fisheries bycatch, boat strikes, oil and gas activities, contaminants and pollutants, and other threats.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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