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  1. Article ; Online: Respiratory viral infections during Hajj seasons.

    Alandijany, Thamir A

    Journal of infection and public health

    2023  Volume 17 Suppl 1, Page(s) 42–48

    Abstract: Respiratory viral infections pose a public health concern during mass gathering (MG) events. Sustainable and continuous surveillance of respiratory viruses remains a priority to early identify and prevent potential outbreaks. This article reviews recent ... ...

    Abstract Respiratory viral infections pose a public health concern during mass gathering (MG) events. Sustainable and continuous surveillance of respiratory viruses remains a priority to early identify and prevent potential outbreaks. This article reviews recent literature addressed the prevalence and diversity of circulating respiratory viruses during Hajj pilgrimage, one of the largest planned religious MG events held annually in Saudi Arabia. The variation between studies with respect to study design, sample size, time of sample collection (pre-, during, and pos-Hajj), type of participants (e.g., symptomatic vs. a symptomatic pilgrims), and laboratory procedure was highlighted. The majority of these studies were conducted on the 2019 Hajj season or earlier, prior to the emergence of COVID-19 which had significant impact on the past three Hajj seasons (2020, 2021, and 2022). A summary about key aspects related to organization of Hajj during COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of exceptional infection control strategies is provided.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Seasons ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Travel ; Islam ; Viruses ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Virus Diseases/epidemiology ; Virus Diseases/prevention & control ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2467587-8
    ISSN 1876-035X ; 1876-0341
    ISSN (online) 1876-035X
    ISSN 1876-0341
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.04.006
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  2. Article: Development of Serological Assays and Seroprevalence Studies of the New Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): Reports from Saudi Arabia.

    Alandijany, Thamir A / Faizo, Arwa A

    Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 12

    Abstract: Serological assays are valuable tools for tracking COVID-19 spread, estimation of herd immunity, and evaluation of vaccine effectiveness. Several reports from Saudi Arabia describe optimized in-house protocols that enable detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific ...

    Abstract Serological assays are valuable tools for tracking COVID-19 spread, estimation of herd immunity, and evaluation of vaccine effectiveness. Several reports from Saudi Arabia describe optimized in-house protocols that enable detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies and measurement of their neutralizing activity. Notably, there were variations in the approaches utilized to develop and validate these immunoassays in term of sample size, validation methodologies, and statistical analyses. The developed enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs) were based on the viral full-length spike (S), S1 subunit, and nucleocapsid (NP), and enabled detection of IgM and/or IgG. ELISAs were evaluated and validated against a microneutralization assay utilizing a local SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate, FDA-approved commercially available immunoassays, and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, the performance of the described assays was high, reaching up to 100% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity with no cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses. In-house immunoassays, along with commercially available kits, were subsequently applied in a number of sero-epidemiological studies aiming to estimate sero-positivity status among local populations including healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients, non-COVID-19 patients, and healthy blood donors. The reported seroprevalence rates differed widely among these studies, ranging from 0.00% to 32.2%. These variations are probably due to study period, targeted population, sample size, and performance of the immunoassays utilized. Indeed, lack of sero-positive cases were reported among healthy blood donors during the lockdown, while the highest rates were reported when the number of COVID-19 cases peaked in the country, particularly among healthcare workers working in referral hospitals and quarantine sites. In this review, we aim to (1) provide a critical discussion about the developed in-house immunoassays, and (2) summarize key findings of the sero-epidemiological studies and highlight strengths and weaknesses of each study.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2721009-1
    ISSN 2227-9032
    ISSN 2227-9032
    DOI 10.3390/healthcare9121730
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  3. Article ; Online: Exploration of Microbially Derived Natural Compounds against Monkeypox Virus as Viral Core Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors.

    Dubey, Amit / Alawi, Maha M / Alandijany, Thamir A / Alsaady, Isra M / Altwaim, Sarah A / Sahoo, Amaresh Kumar / Dwivedi, Vivek Dhar / Azhar, Esam Ibraheem

    Viruses

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 1

    Abstract: Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a member of ... ...

    Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a member of the
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Monkeypox virus/drug effects ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Biological Products/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-) ; Biological Products ; Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v15010251
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  4. Article ; Online: Development of Serological Assays and Seroprevalence Studies of the New Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)

    Thamir A. Alandijany / Arwa A. Faizo

    Healthcare, Vol 9, Iss 1730, p

    Reports from Saudi Arabia

    2021  Volume 1730

    Abstract: Serological assays are valuable tools for tracking COVID-19 spread, estimation of herd immunity, and evaluation of vaccine effectiveness. Several reports from Saudi Arabia describe optimized in-house protocols that enable detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific ...

    Abstract Serological assays are valuable tools for tracking COVID-19 spread, estimation of herd immunity, and evaluation of vaccine effectiveness. Several reports from Saudi Arabia describe optimized in-house protocols that enable detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies and measurement of their neutralizing activity. Notably, there were variations in the approaches utilized to develop and validate these immunoassays in term of sample size, validation methodologies, and statistical analyses. The developed enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs) were based on the viral full-length spike (S), S1 subunit, and nucleocapsid (NP), and enabled detection of IgM and/or IgG. ELISAs were evaluated and validated against a microneutralization assay utilizing a local SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate, FDA-approved commercially available immunoassays, and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, the performance of the described assays was high, reaching up to 100% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity with no cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses. In-house immunoassays, along with commercially available kits, were subsequently applied in a number of sero-epidemiological studies aiming to estimate sero-positivity status among local populations including healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients, non-COVID-19 patients, and healthy blood donors. The reported seroprevalence rates differed widely among these studies, ranging from 0.00% to 32.2%. These variations are probably due to study period, targeted population, sample size, and performance of the immunoassays utilized. Indeed, lack of sero-positive cases were reported among healthy blood donors during the lockdown, while the highest rates were reported when the number of COVID-19 cases peaked in the country, particularly among healthcare workers working in referral hospitals and quarantine sites. In this review, we aim to (1) provide a critical discussion about the developed in-house immunoassays, and (2) summarize key findings of the sero-epidemiological studies and highlight ...
    Keywords COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; epidemiology ; immunoassays ; ELISA ; micro-neutralization assay ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Rapid and Reliable Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Direct RT-LAMP.

    El-Kafrawy, Sherif A / El-Daly, Mai M / Hassan, Ahmed M / Harakeh, Steve M / Alandijany, Thamir A / Azhar, Esam I

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics12040828
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  6. Article ; Online: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: Current status and management practices.

    Alandijany, Thamir A / Faizo, Arwa A / Azhar, Esam I

    Journal of infection and public health

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) 839–842

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently a global threat to human population. The numbers of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 are escalating daily, putting health ... ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently a global threat to human population. The numbers of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 are escalating daily, putting health care systems worldwide under tremendous pressure. Policymakers in the affected countries have adopted varying strategies to deal with this crisis. As a result, the current COVID-19 status in terms of number of cases and deaths hugely varies between countries. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have managed to limit the massive spread of the infection among their populations by implementing proactive plans and timely decisions in response to COVID-19 outbreak; measures taken included suspension of flights, closure of educational institutes, curfew and lockdown of major cities, and provision of free-of-charge healthcare to patients. This review summarizes the COVID-19 status as of 18 May 2020 and highlights prevention and control measures applied in the GCC countries.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Health Plan Implementation ; Humans ; Middle East/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2467587-8
    ISSN 1876-035X ; 1876-0341
    ISSN (online) 1876-035X
    ISSN 1876-0341
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.020
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  7. Article: The Prevalence of Transfusion-Transmitted Infection Markers among Blood Donors at Saudi Hospital, Makkah.

    Kabrah, Saeed M / Alandijany, Thamir A / Felimban, Raed I / Alserihi, Raed F / Theyab, Abdulrahman / Ebid, Gamal T

    Clinical laboratory

    2023  Volume 69, Issue 2

    Abstract: Background: Testing of blood donors for markers of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) such as HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV, syphilis, and malaria is mandatory in Saudi Arabia. This study determined the prevalence of all tested TTIs among blood donors in ... ...

    Abstract Background: Testing of blood donors for markers of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) such as HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV, syphilis, and malaria is mandatory in Saudi Arabia. This study determined the prevalence of all tested TTIs among blood donors in the western region of Saudi Arabia.
    Methods: This retrospective study included 5,473 blood donors who attended the blood donation center at the Security Force Hospital (SFH) located in the western region of Saudi Arabia from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018. The prevalence of TTIs was determined and classified as per year, gender, age, type of donors (first-time vs. returned donors), category of donation (replacement vs. volunteer), and blood group.
    Results: All donors (100%) were screened for TTIs by serological assays and nucleic acid tests (NATs). "Reactive" samples to serological assays were as follow: 57 (1.07%) HBsAg, 292 (5.34%) HBsAb, 388 (7.1%) HBcAbs, 13 (0.24%) HCV, 5 (0.09%) HIV, 8 (0.15%) HTLV-I and -II, 21 (0.83%) syphilis, and 0 (0%) malaria. The NAT results for HBV, HCV, and HIV revealed 50 (0.91%), 1 (0.0002%), and 3 (0.05%) reactive samples, respectively. Reactive donations to screening serology tests of syphilis and HTLV-I/-II were neither confirmed nor declined by their corresponding confirmatory assays. Most "reactive" samples to TTI tests were associated with male gender, first-time donor, replacement donation, and O+ blood group.
    Conclusions: This study highlights the strong adherence to TTI testing policy and low prevalence of TTI markers among blood donors in the western region of Saudi Arabia.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Blood Donors ; Syphilis/diagnosis ; Syphilis/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Transfusion Reaction/epidemiology ; Hospitals ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Blood Group Antigens ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Blood Group Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1307629-2
    ISSN 1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
    ISSN 1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
    DOI 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.220427
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    Ud II Zs.170: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
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  8. Article: Lack of Evidence on Association between Iron Deficiency and COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Neutralizing Humoral Immunity.

    Faizo, Arwa A / Bawazir, Asma A / Almashjary, Majed N / Hassan, Ahmed M / Qashqari, Fadi S / Barefah, Ahmed S / El-Kafrawy, Sherif A / Alandijany, Thamir A / Azhar, Esam I

    Vaccines

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 2

    Abstract: Iron is a crucial micronutrient for immunity induction in response to infections and vaccinations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of iron deficiency on COVID-19-vaccine-induced humoral immunity. We investigated the effectiveness of COVID-19 ... ...

    Abstract Iron is a crucial micronutrient for immunity induction in response to infections and vaccinations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of iron deficiency on COVID-19-vaccine-induced humoral immunity. We investigated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx nCov-2019) in iron-deficient individuals (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines11020327
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  9. Article ; Online: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries

    Alandijany, Thamir A. / Faizo, Arwa A. / Azhar, Esam I.

    Journal of Infection and Public Health

    Current status and management practices

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) 839–842

    Keywords Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ; Infectious Diseases ; General Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 1876-0341
    DOI 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.020
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Substantial Changes in Selected Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Associations with Health Risk Assessments in Industrial Areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Singh, Bhupendra Pratap / Sohrab, Sayed Sartaj / Athar, Mohammad / Alandijany, Thamir A / Kumari, Saumya / Nair, Arathi / Kumari, Sweety / Mehra, Kriti / Chowdhary, Khyati / Rahman, Shakilur / Azhar, Esam Ibraheem

    Toxics

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 2

    Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments in many countries worldwide, including India, imposed several restriction measures, including lockdowns, to prevent the spread of the infection. COVID-19 lockdowns led to a reduction in gaseous and particulate ... ...

    Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments in many countries worldwide, including India, imposed several restriction measures, including lockdowns, to prevent the spread of the infection. COVID-19 lockdowns led to a reduction in gaseous and particulate pollutants in ambient air. In the present study, we investigated the substantial changes in selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) after the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and associations with health risk assessments in industrial areas. VOC data from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 were collected from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) website, to identify percentage changes in VOC levels before, during, and after COVID-19. The mean TVOC levels at all monitoring stations were 47.22 ± 30.15, 37.19 ± 37.19, and 32.81 ± 32.81 µg/m
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2733883-6
    ISSN 2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
    ISSN (online) 2305-6304
    ISSN 2305-6304
    DOI 10.3390/toxics11020165
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