Article ; Online: Association between Hypokalemia and Albuminuria in a Japanese General Population.
2023 Volume 147, Issue 7, Page(s) 417–423
Abstract: Introduction: Hypokalemia is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is a risk factor for mortality. Albuminuria is an early manifestation of CKD. We investigated the association between hypokalemia and the prevalence of ... ...
| Abstract | Introduction: Hypokalemia is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is a risk factor for mortality. Albuminuria is an early manifestation of CKD. We investigated the association between hypokalemia and the prevalence of albuminuria in a Japanese general population. Methods: We analyzed the data of 18,289 subjects who underwent annual health checkups in 2018. We categorized them into four groups according to their concentration of serum potassium (sK) and performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the association between hypokalemia and the prevalence of albuminuria in this population. Hypokalemia was defined as having an sK = 3.1-3.5 mEq/L. After dividing the subjects into those with/without renal dysfunction, those with/without hypertension, and those with/without hyperglycemia, we examined the association between hypokalemia and albuminuria in each group. Results: Compared to the subjects with sK = 4.1-4.5 mEq/L, the subjects with hypokalemia had a significantly high prevalence of albuminuria: multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.84-3.96). The subgroup analyses showed the following multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of the subjects: without renal dysfunction, 3.08 (2.00-4.73); with renal dysfunction, 2.05 (0.89-4.69); without hypertension, 2.89 (1.36-6.16); with hypertension, 2.60 (1.67-4.04); without hyperglycemia, 2.49 (1.62-3.84); and with hyperglycemia, 3.55 (1.43-8.79). Conclusions: Hypokalemia was significantly associated with the high prevalence of albuminuria in general population. Regardless of the presence/absence of renal dysfunction, hypertension, or hyperglycemia, hypokalemia was positively associated with the prevalence of albuminuria, and the associations were significant except for the subjects with renal dysfunction. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Hypokalemia/complications ; Hypokalemia/epidemiology ; Albuminuria/complications ; Albuminuria/epidemiology ; East Asian People ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Hyperglycemia/complications ; Prevalence ; Glomerular Filtration Rate |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-02-01 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 207121-6 |
| ISSN | 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186 ; 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766 |
| ISSN (online) | 2235-3186 ; 1423-0186 |
| ISSN | 1660-8151 ; 0028-2766 |
| DOI | 10.1159/000529424 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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