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Article ; Online: A multimodal domestic service robot interaction system for people with declined abilities to express themselves.

Qin, Chaolong / Song, Aiguo / Wei, Linhu / Zhao, Yu

2023 , Page(s) 1–20

Abstract: Driven by the shortage of qualified nurses and the increasing average age of the population, the ambient assisted living style using intelligent service robots and smart home systems has become an excellent choice to free up caregiver time and energy and ...

Abstract	Driven by the shortage of qualified nurses and the increasing average age of the population, the ambient assisted living style using intelligent service robots and smart home systems has become an excellent choice to free up caregiver time and energy and provide users with a sense of independence. However, users' unique environments and differences in abilities to express themselves through different interaction modalities make intention recognition and interaction between user and service system very difficult, limiting the use of these new nursing technologies. This paper presents a multimodal domestic service robot interaction system and proposes a multimodal fusion algorithm for intention recognition to deal with these problems. The impacts of short-term and long-term changes were taken into account. Implemented interaction modalities include touch, voice, myoelectricity gesture, visual gesture, and haptics. Users could freely choose one or more modalities through which to express themselves. Virtual games and virtual activities of independent living were designed for pre-training and evaluating users' abilities to use different interaction modalities in their unique environments. A domestic service robot interaction system was built, on which a set of experiments were carried out to test the system's stability and intention recognition ability in different scenarios. The experiment results show that the system is stable and effective and can adapt to different scenarios. In addition, the intention recognition rate in the experiments was 93.62%. Older adults could master the system quickly and use it to provide some assistance for their independent living.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2377721-7
ISSN	1861-2784 ; 1861-2776
ISSN (online)	1861-2784
ISSN	1861-2776
DOI	10.1007/s11370-023-00466-6
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Article ; Online: Waste to treasure: Electrocatalytic upcycling of n-valeraldehyde to octane by Zn-Co bimetallic oxide with atomic level cation defect.

Qin, Meichun / Wang, Mingyuan / Lei, Shuangying / Liu, Chaolong / Tang, Jianguo

Journal of hazardous materials

2023 Volume 465, Page(s) 133256

Abstract: n-Valeraldehyde is widely used in organic synthesis field as an important intermediate and feedstock, which makes it a significant class of environmental pollutants. In view of the high poisonous and harmful of n-valeraldehyde to human health and ... ...

Abstract	n-Valeraldehyde is widely used in organic synthesis field as an important intermediate and feedstock, which makes it a significant class of environmental pollutants. In view of the high poisonous and harmful of n-valeraldehyde to human health and ecological environment, it is important to develop green and sustainable technology to reduce the pollution of n-valeraldehyde. In this work, electrocatalytic n-valeraldehyde oxidation using Zn-Co bimetallic oxides was applied to control n-valeraldehyde contamination and highly valuable octane production. To further improve the performance of Zn-Co bimetallic oxides, atomic level Zn vacancies were created across the Zn-Co bimetallic oxides (d
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491302-1
ISSN	1873-3336 ; 0304-3894
ISSN (online)	1873-3336
ISSN	0304-3894
DOI	10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133256
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Article ; Online: Application of Noise Detection Using Confidence Learning in Lightweight Expression Recognition System

Yu Zhao / Aiguo Song / Chaolong Qin

Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 4808, p

2022 Volume 4808

Abstract: Facial expression is an important carrier to reflect psychological emotion, and the lightweight expression recognition system with small-scale and high transportability is the basis of emotional interaction technology of intelligent robots. With the ... ...

Abstract	Facial expression is an important carrier to reflect psychological emotion, and the lightweight expression recognition system with small-scale and high transportability is the basis of emotional interaction technology of intelligent robots. With the rapid development of deep learning, fine-grained expression classification based on the convolutional neural network has strong data-driven properties, and the quality of data has an important impact on the performance of the model. To solve the problem that the model has a strong dependence on the training dataset and weak generalization performance in real environments in a lightweight expression recognition system, an application method of confidence learning is proposed. The method modifies self-confidence and introduces two hyper-parameters to adjust the noise of the facial expression datasets. A lightweight model structure combining a deep separation convolution network and attention mechanism is adopted for noise detection and expression recognition. The effectiveness of dynamic noise detection is verified on datasets with different noise ratios. Optimization and model training is carried out on four public expression datasets, and the accuracy is improved by 4.41% on average in multiple test sample sets. A lightweight expression recognition system is developed, and the accuracy is significantly improved, which verifies the effectiveness of the application method.
Keywords	confidence learning ; expression recognition system ; dynamic noise adjustment ; datasets optimization ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Nor-LAAM loaded PLGA Microparticles for Treating Opioid Use Disorder.

Ingabire, Diane / Qin, Chaolong / Meng, Tuo / Raynold, Aji Alex Moothendathu / Sudarjat, Hadi / Townsend, E Andrew / Pangeni, Rudra / Poudel, Sagun / Arriaga, Michelle / Zhao, Long / Chow, Woon N / Banks, Matthew / Xu, Qingguo

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: The treatment landscape for opioid use disorder (OUD) faces challenges stemming from the limited efficacy of existing medications, poor adherence to prescribed regimens, and a heightened risk of fatal overdose post-treatment cessation. Therefore, there ... ...

Abstract	The treatment landscape for opioid use disorder (OUD) faces challenges stemming from the limited efficacy of existing medications, poor adherence to prescribed regimens, and a heightened risk of fatal overdose post-treatment cessation. Therefore, there is a pressing need for innovative therapeutic strategies that enhance the effectiveness of interventions and the overall well-being of individuals with OUD. This study explored the therapeutic potential of nor-Levo-α-acetylmethadol (nor-LAAM) to treat OUD. We developed sustained release nor-LAAM-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MP) using a hydrophobic ion pairing (HIP) approach. The nor-LAAM-MP prepared using HIP with pamoic acid had high drug loading and exhibited minimal initial burst release and sustained release. The nor-LAAM-MP was further optimized for desirable particle size, drug loading, and release kinetics. The lead nor-LAAM-MP (F4) had a relatively high drug loading (11 wt.%) and an average diameter (19 µm) and maintained a sustained drug release for 4 weeks. A single subcutaneous injection of nor-LAAM-MP (F4) provided detectable nor-LAAM levels in rabbit plasma for at least 15 days. We further evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of nor-LAAM-MP (F4) in a well-established fentanyl-addiction rat model, and revealed a marked reduction in fentanyl choice and withdrawal symptoms in fentanyl-dependent rats. These findings provide insights into further developing long-acting nor-LAAM-MP for treating OUD. It has the potential to offer a new effective medication to the existing sparse armamentarium of products available to treat OUD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.04.08.588574
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Article ; Online: Development of lipophilic ester prodrugs of dolutegravir for intestinal lymphatic transport.

Chu, Yenju / Wong, Abigail / Chen, Haojie / Ji, Liuhang / Qin, Chaolong / Feng, Wanshan / Stocks, Michael J / Gershkovich, Pavel

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V

2023 Volume 191, Page(s) 90–102

Abstract: The establishment of latent cellular and anatomical viral reservoirs is a major obstacle to achieving a cure for people infected by HIV. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) are one of the most important anatomical reservoirs of HIV. Suboptimal levels of ... ...

Abstract	The establishment of latent cellular and anatomical viral reservoirs is a major obstacle to achieving a cure for people infected by HIV. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) are one of the most important anatomical reservoirs of HIV. Suboptimal levels of antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs in these difficult-to-penetrate viral reservoirs is one of the limitations of current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. This study aimed to design and assess highly lipophilic ester prodrugs of dolutegravir (DTG) formulated with long-chain triglyceride (LCT) for delivery of DTG to the viral reservoir in mesenteric lymph and MLNs. A number of alkyl ester prodrugs of DTG were designed based on the predicted affinity to chylomicrons (CM), and the six most promising prodrugs were selected and synthesised. The synthesised prodrugs were further assessed for their intestinal lymphatic transport potential and biotransformation in biorelevant media in vitro and ex vivo. DTG and the most promising prodrug (prodrug 5) were then assessed in pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in rats. Although oral administration of 5 mg/kg of unmodified DTG (an allometrically scaled dose from humans) with or without lipids achieved concentrations above protein binding-adjusted IC
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; Prodrugs/pharmacokinetics ; Esters ; Tissue Distribution ; Intestines ; Triglycerides/metabolism ; Administration, Oral
Chemical Substances	Prodrugs ; dolutegravir (DKO1W9H7M1) ; Esters ; Triglycerides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1065368-5
ISSN	1873-3441 ; 0939-6411
ISSN (online)	1873-3441
ISSN	0939-6411
DOI	10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.015
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Article ; Online: Distribution of lamivudine into lymph node HIV reservoir.

Wong, Abigail / Chu, Yenju / Chen, Haojie / Feng, Wanshan / Ji, Liuhang / Qin, Chaolong / Stocks, Michael J / Marlow, Maria / Gershkovich, Pavel

International journal of pharmaceutics

2023 Volume 648, Page(s) 123574

Abstract: Efficient delivery of antiretroviral agents to lymph nodes is important to decrease the size of the HIV reservoir within the lymphatic system. Lamivudine (3TC) is used in first-line regimens for the treatment of HIV. As a highly hydrophilic small ... ...

Abstract	Efficient delivery of antiretroviral agents to lymph nodes is important to decrease the size of the HIV reservoir within the lymphatic system. Lamivudine (3TC) is used in first-line regimens for the treatment of HIV. As a highly hydrophilic small molecule, 3TC is not predicted to associate with chylomicrons and therefore should have negligible uptake into intestinal lymphatics following oral administration. Similarly, negligible amounts of 3TC are predicted to be transported into peripheral lymphatics following subcutaneous (SC) injection due to the faster flow rate of blood in comparison to lymph. In this work, we performed pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies of 3TC in rats following oral lipid-based, oral lipid-free, SC, and intravenous (IV) administrations. In the oral administration studies, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) had significantly higher 3TC concentrations compared to other lymph nodes, with mean tissue:serum ratios ranging from 1.4 to 2.9. However, cells and chylomicrons found in mesenteric lymph showed low-to-undetectable concentrations. In SC studies, administration-side (right) draining inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes had significantly higher concentrations (tissue:serum ratios as high as 3.2) than corresponding left-side nodes. In IV studies, lymph nodes had lower mean tissue:serum ratios ranging from 0.9 to 1.4. We hypothesize that following oral or SC administration, slower permeation of this hydrophilic molecule into blood capillaries may result in considerable passive 3TC penetration into lymphatic vessels. Further studies will be needed to clarify the mechanism of delivery of 3TC and similar antiretroviral drugs into the lymph nodes.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Lamivudine ; Tissue Distribution ; Lymph Nodes/metabolism ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; Chylomicrons/metabolism ; Chylomicrons/therapeutic use ; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacokinetics
Chemical Substances	Lamivudine (2T8Q726O95) ; Chylomicrons ; Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	428962-6
ISSN	1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
ISSN (online)	1873-3476
ISSN	0378-5173
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123574
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Article: Pharmacokinetics of vitamin dosage forms: A complete overview.

Sugandhi, Vrashabh V / Pangeni, Rudra / Vora, Lalitkumar K / Poudel, Sagun / Nangare, Sopan / Jagwani, Satveer / Gadhave, Dnyandev / Qin, Chaolong / Pandya, Anjali / Shah, Purav / Jadhav, Kiran / Mahajan, Hitendra S / Patravale, Vandana

Food science & nutrition

2023 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–83

Abstract: Vitamins are crucial for sustaining life because they play an essential role in numerous physiological processes. Vitamin deficiencies can lead to a wide range of severe health issues. In this context, there is a need to administer vitamin supplements ... ...

Abstract	Vitamins are crucial for sustaining life because they play an essential role in numerous physiological processes. Vitamin deficiencies can lead to a wide range of severe health issues. In this context, there is a need to administer vitamin supplements through appropriate routes, such as the oral route, to ensure effective treatment. Therefore, understanding the pharmacokinetics of vitamins provides critical insights into absorption, distribution, and metabolism, all of which are essential for achieving the desired pharmacological response. In this review paper, we present information on vitamin deficiencies and emphasize the significance of understanding vitamin pharmacokinetics for improved clinical research. The pharmacokinetics of several vitamins face various challenges, and thus, this work briefly outlines the current issues and their potential solutions. We also discuss the feasibility of enhanced nanocarrier-based pharmaceutical formulations for delivering vitamins. Recent studies have shown a preference for nanoformulations, which can address major limitations such as stability, solubility, absorption, and toxicity. Ultimately, the pharmacokinetics of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing vitamins can impede the treatment of diseases and disorders related to vitamin deficiency.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703010-6
ISSN	2048-7177
ISSN	2048-7177
DOI	10.1002/fsn3.3787
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Article ; Online: A potent neutralizing and protective antibody against a conserved continuous epitope on HSV glycoprotein D.

Tian, Rui / Ju, Fei / Yu, Mengqin / Liang, Zhiqi / Xu, Zilong / Zhao, Min / Qin, Yaning / Lin, Yanhua / Huang, Xiaoxuan / Chang, Yating / Li, Shaopeng / Ren, Wenfeng / Lin, Chaolong / Xia, Ningshao / Huang, Chenghao

Antiviral research

2022 Volume 201, Page(s) 105298

Abstract: Infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) remain a serious global health issue, and the medical countermeasures available thus far are limited. Virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NAbs) are crucial tools for ... ...

Abstract	Infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) remain a serious global health issue, and the medical countermeasures available thus far are limited. Virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NAbs) are crucial tools for studying host-virus interactions and designing effective vaccines, and the discovery and development of these NAbs could be one approach to treat or prevent HSV infection. Here, we report the isolation of five HSV NAbs from mice immunized with both HSV-1 and HSV-2. Among these were two antibodies that potently cross-neutralized both HSV-1 and HSV-2 with the 50% virus-inhibitory concentrations (IC
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Epitopes ; Herpes Simplex/drug therapy ; Herpes Simplex/prevention & control ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Herpesvirus 2, Human ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Epitopes ; Viral Envelope Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	306628-9
ISSN	1872-9096 ; 0166-3542
ISSN (online)	1872-9096
ISSN	0166-3542
DOI	10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105298
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Article ; Online: Vegetable oils composition affects the intestinal lymphatic transport and systemic bioavailability of co-administered lipophilic drug cannabidiol.

Feng, Wanshan / Qin, Chaolong / Abdelrazig, Salah / Bai, Ziyu / Raji, Mekha / Darwish, Randa / Chu, YenJu / Ji, Liuhang / Gray, David A / Stocks, Michael J / Constantinescu, Cris S / Barrett, David A / Fischer, Peter M / Gershkovich, Pavel

International journal of pharmaceutics

2022 Volume 624, Page(s) 121947

Abstract: Although natural sesame oil has been shown to facilitate the lymphatic delivery and oral bioavailability of the highly lipophilic drug cannabidiol (CBD), considerable variability remains an unresolved challenge. Vegetable oils differ substantially in ... ...

Abstract	Although natural sesame oil has been shown to facilitate the lymphatic delivery and oral bioavailability of the highly lipophilic drug cannabidiol (CBD), considerable variability remains an unresolved challenge. Vegetable oils differ substantially in composition, which could lead to differences in promotion of intestinal lymphatic transport of lipophilic drugs. Therefore, the differences in composition of sesame, sunflower, peanut, soybean, olive and coconut oils and their corresponding role as vehicles in promoting CBD lymphatic targeting and bioavailability were investigated in this study. The comparative analysis suggests that the fatty acids profile of vegetable oils is overall similar to the fatty acids profile in the corresponding chylomicrons in rat lymph. However, arachidonic acid (C20:4), was introduced to chylomicrons from endogenous nondietary sources. Overall, fatty acid composition of natural vegetable oils vehicles affected the intestinal lymphatic transport and bioavailability of CBD following oral administration in this work. Olive oil led to the highest concentration of CBD in the lymphatic system and in the systemic circulation in comparison to the other natural vegetable oils following oral administration in rats.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Availability ; Cannabidiol ; Chylomicrons ; Fatty Acids ; Lymphatic System ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Plant Oils/chemistry ; Rats
Chemical Substances	Chylomicrons ; Fatty Acids ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Plant Oils ; Cannabidiol (19GBJ60SN5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	428962-6
ISSN	1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
ISSN (online)	1873-3476
ISSN	0378-5173
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121947
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Article ; Online: Prestimulation of CD2 confers resistance to HIV-1 latent infection in blood resting CD4 T cells.

He, Sijia / Guo, Jia / Fu, Yajing / Spear, Mark / Qin, Chaolong / Fu, Shuai / Cui, Zongqiang / Jin, Wenwen / Xu, Xuehua / Chen, Wanjun / Shang, Hong / Wu, Yuntao

iScience

2021 Volume 24, Issue 11, Page(s) 103305

Abstract: HIV-1 infects blood CD4 T cells through the use of CD4 and CXCR4 or CCR5 receptors, which can be targeted through blocking viral binding to CD4/CXCR4/CCR5 or virus-cell fusion. Here we describe a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 nuclear entry can also be ... ...

Abstract	HIV-1 infects blood CD4 T cells through the use of CD4 and CXCR4 or CCR5 receptors, which can be targeted through blocking viral binding to CD4/CXCR4/CCR5 or virus-cell fusion. Here we describe a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 nuclear entry can also be blocked through targeting a non-entry receptor, CD2. Cluster of differentiation 2 (CD2) is an adhesion molecule highly expressed on human blood CD4, particularly, memory CD4 T cells. We found that CD2 ligation with its cell-free ligand LFA-3 or anti-CD2 antibodies rendered blood resting CD4 T cells highly resistant to HIV-1 infection. We further demonstrate that mechanistically, CD2 binding initiates competitive signaling leading to cofilin activation and localized actin polymerization around CD2, which spatially inhibits HIV-1-initiated local actin polymerization needed for viral nuclear migration. Our study identifies CD2 as a novel target to block HIV-1 infection of blood resting T cells.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2021.103305
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