LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 458

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Value creation and the internal goods of business.

    Bernacchio, Caleb / Couch, Robert

    Frontiers in sociology

    2023  Volume 7, Page(s) 980816

    Abstract: In his early work, Moore argues that business itself was a MacIntyrean practice. He later rejected this view in response to criticisms from Beadle and others. Most subsequent work, including that of Moore, adopted a view of organizations, including firms, ...

    Abstract In his early work, Moore argues that business itself was a MacIntyrean practice. He later rejected this view in response to criticisms from Beadle and others. Most subsequent work, including that of Moore, adopted a view of organizations, including firms, as institutions that house a core practice. We first recount Moore's early view, defend and it from various criticisms. We then briefly review research in management and finance arguing that this research supports a view of business consonant with Moore's early view. Thus, we argue that business is a distinct practice that integrates various productive and auxiliary practices to facilitate mutually beneficial transactions. We conclude by discussing implications of this view, noting that it might be viewed as a classical liberal appropriation of the MacIntyrean framework, and arguing that it poses a challenge to MacIntyreans working with a neo-Aristotelian perspective.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2297-7775
    ISSN (online) 2297-7775
    DOI 10.3389/fsoc.2022.980816
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) with Higher Whole Blood Selenium Levels Have Improved Survival and Altered Immune Responses.

    Tsuchida, Dana Y / Gentzkow, Morgan F / Spaan, Robert S / Burco, Julia / Couch, Claire E / Spaan, Johannie M / Epps, Clinton W / Beechler, Brianna R

    Journal of wildlife diseases

    2024  

    Abstract: Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) are herbivorous ungulates that live in forage-poor areas of the American west. The trace minerals that herbivores derive from forage are important for immune function. Therefore, identifying trace minerals that affect ... ...

    Abstract Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) are herbivorous ungulates that live in forage-poor areas of the American west. The trace minerals that herbivores derive from forage are important for immune function. Therefore, identifying trace minerals that affect immune function in bighorn sheep could provide important insights into disease susceptibility and population health in threatened populations. We sought to determine whether trace mineral composition in blood or plasma correlates to survival and determine whether immunologic parameters correlate with any trace minerals that affect survival. We used data collected from 2016 to 2018 as part of a large study on bighorn sheep in southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada, US. We measured the survival of 135 bighorn sheep during the 8-mo monitoring period, including general metrics of immune function and trace mineral levels. We found that animals with higher selenium had improved survival over the monitoring period, with higher peripheral blood mononuclear cell activity (lymphocytes and monocytes) and lower bacterial killing ability in an in vitro assay. This suggests that bighorn sheep may have altered immune function when selenium levels are low, making them more likely to die during the 8-mo monitoring period. Future work should consider whether habitat management strategies that increase selenium intake might improve disease resistance and survival in bighorn sheep in selenium-poor areas.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410709-3
    ISSN 1943-3700 ; 0090-3558
    ISSN (online) 1943-3700
    ISSN 0090-3558
    DOI 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00042
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Surgical Approach and Body Mass Index Impact Risk of Wound Complications Following Total Hip Arthroplasty.

    Salmons, Harold I / Larson, Dirk R / Couch, Cory G / Bingham, Joshua S / Ledford, Cameron K / Trousdale, Robert T / Taunton, Michael J / Wyles, Cody C

    The Journal of arthroplasty

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Previous studies have suggested that wound complications may differ by surgical approach after total hip arthroplasty (THA), with particular attention toward the direct anterior approach (DAA). However, there is a paucity of data documenting ...

    Abstract Background: Previous studies have suggested that wound complications may differ by surgical approach after total hip arthroplasty (THA), with particular attention toward the direct anterior approach (DAA). However, there is a paucity of data documenting wound complication rates by surgical approach and the impact of concomitant patient factors, namely body mass index (BMI). This investigation sought to determine the rates of wound complications by surgical approach and identify BMI thresholds that portend differential risk.
    Methods: This multicenter study retrospectively evaluated all primary THA patients from 2010 to 2023. Patients were classified by skin incision as having a laterally based approach (posterior or lateral approach) or DAA (longitudinal incision). We identified 17,111 patients who had 11,585 laterally based (68%) and 5,526 (32%) DAA THAs. The mean age was 65 years (range, 18 to 100), 8,945 patients (52%) were women, and the mean BMI was 30 (range, 14 to 79). Logistic regression and cut-point analyses were performed to identify an optimal BMI cutoff, overall and by approach, with respect to the risk of wound complications at 90 days.
    Results: The 90-day risk of wound complications was higher in the DAA group versus the laterally based group, with an absolute risk of 3.6% versus 2.6% and a multivariable adjusted odds ratio of 1.5 (P < .001). Cut-point analyses demonstrated that the risk of wound complications increased steadily for both approaches, but most markedly above a BMI of 33.
    Conclusions: Wound complications were higher after longitudinal incision DAA THA compared to laterally based approaches, with a 1% higher absolute risk and an adjusted odds ratio of 1.5. Furthermore, BMI was an independent risk factor for wound complications regardless of surgical approach, with an optimal cut-point BMI of 33 for both approaches. These data can be used by surgeons to help consider the risks and benefits of approach selection.
    Level of evidence: Level III.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632770-9
    ISSN 1532-8406 ; 0883-5403
    ISSN (online) 1532-8406
    ISSN 0883-5403
    DOI 10.1016/j.arth.2024.03.047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article: Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment.

    Couch, Kenneth A / Fairlie, Robert W / Xu, Huanan

    Journal of public economics

    2020  Volume 192, Page(s) 104287

    Abstract: This paper provides early evidence of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on minority unemployment in the United States. In the first month following March adoptions of social distancing measures by states, unemployment rose to 14.5% but a much higher ... ...

    Abstract This paper provides early evidence of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on minority unemployment in the United States. In the first month following March adoptions of social distancing measures by states, unemployment rose to 14.5% but a much higher 24.4% when we correct for potential data misclassification noted by the BLS. Using the official definition, unemployment in April 2020 among African-Americans rose by less than what would have been anticipated (to 16.6%) based on previous recessions, and the long-term ordering of unemployment across racial/ethnic groups was altered with Latinx unemployment (18.2%) rising for the first time to the highest among major groups. Difference-in-difference estimates confirm that the initial gap in unemployment between whites and blacks in April was not different than in periods prior to the pandemic; however, the racial gap expanded as unemployment for whites declined in the next two months but was largely stagnant for blacks. The initially large gap in unemployment between whites and Latinx in April was sustained in May and June as unemployment declined similarly for both groups. Non-linear decompositions show a favorable industry distribution partly protected black employment during the early stages of the pandemic, but that an unfavorable occupational distribution and lower average skills levels placed them at higher risk of job losses. An unfavorable occupational distribution and lower skills contributed to a sharply widened Latinx-white unemployment gap that moderated over time as rehiring occurred. These findings of disproportionate impacts on minority unemployment raise important concerns regarding lost earnings and wealth, and longer-term consequences of the pandemic on racial inequality in the United States.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-14
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1460611-2
    ISSN 1879-2316 ; 0047-2727
    ISSN (online) 1879-2316
    ISSN 0047-2727
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104287
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article: A payback approach to generational inequity

    Couch, Robert B

    Public budgeting & finance Vol. 36, No. 4 , p. 94-110

    2016  Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) 94–110

    Author's details Robert B. Couch
    Language English
    Publisher Wiley-Blackwell
    Publishing place Hoboken, NJ
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 871999-8 ; 2029127-9
    ISSN 1540-5850 ; 0275-1100
    ISSN (online) 1540-5850
    ISSN 0275-1100
    Database ECONomics Information System

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Radiographic Accuracy of Malseated Dual-Mobility Liners Varies Based on Implant Design.

    Rames, Richard D / Couch, Cory G / Sierra, Rafael J / Berry, Daniel J / Trousdale, Robert T / Abdel, Matthew P

    The Journal of arthroplasty

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 7 Suppl 2, Page(s) S438–S442

    Abstract: Background: Dual-mobility constructs have gained popularity to mitigate dislocations after high-risk primary and revision total hip arthroplasties. Contemporary data have indicated that malseating of modular dual-mobility liners occurs in up to 6% of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Dual-mobility constructs have gained popularity to mitigate dislocations after high-risk primary and revision total hip arthroplasties. Contemporary data have indicated that malseating of modular dual-mobility liners occurs in up to 6% of cases. The purpose of this cadaveric-based radiographic study was to determine the ability to accurately determine if modular dual-mobility liners were seated.
    Methods: There were 10 hips (5 cadaveric pelvic specimens) used to implant modular dual-mobility liners of 2 designs. One had a liner that seated flush and the other had an extended rim. There were 20 constructs that were well-seated and 20 constructs were intentionally malseated. A comprehensive series of radiographs was reviewed by 2 blinded surgeons. Statistical analyses included Chi-squared testing, logistic regressions, and kappa statistics.
    Results: Radiographic assessment of liner malseating was not accurate with an elevated rim design with misdiagnosis in 40% (16 of 40). The flush design had diagnostic errors in 5% (2 of 40; P = .0002). Logistic regressions demonstrated a significantly higher risk of misdiagnosing a malseated liner in the elevated rim group (odds ratio 13). There were 12 of 16 misdiagnoses in the elevated rim group failing to recognize a malseated liner. Each surgeon had almost perfect agreement for intraobserver reliability for flush designs (k 0.90) and fair agreement in the elevated rim design (k 0.35).
    Conclusion: A comprehensive series of plain radiographs can reliably detect a malseated modular dual-mobility liner with a flush rim design in 95% of cases. However, elevated rim designs are more difficult to accurately identify malseating on plain radiographs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Hip Prosthesis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Prosthesis Design ; Prosthesis Failure ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Reoperation ; Cadaver
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632770-9
    ISSN 1532-8406 ; 0883-5403
    ISSN (online) 1532-8406
    ISSN 0883-5403
    DOI 10.1016/j.arth.2023.05.020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in REGARDS.

    Ament, Zsuzsanna / Patki, Amit / Bhave, Varun M / Kijpaisalratana, Naruchorn / Jones, Alana C / Couch, Catharine A / Stanton, Robert J / Rist, Pamela M / Cushman, Mary / Judd, Suzanne E / Long, D Leann / Irvin, M Ryan / Kimberly, W Taylor

    Translational stroke research

    2024  

    Abstract: We examined associations between lipidomic profiles and incident ischemic stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Plasma lipids (n = 195) were measured from baseline blood samples, and lipids were ... ...

    Abstract We examined associations between lipidomic profiles and incident ischemic stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Plasma lipids (n = 195) were measured from baseline blood samples, and lipids were consolidated into underlying factors using exploratory factor analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to test associations between lipid factors and incident stroke, linear regressions to determine associations between dietary intake and lipid factors, and the inverse odds ratio weighting (IORW) approach to test mediation. The study followed participants over a median (IQR) of 7 (3.4-11) years, and the case-cohort substudy included 1075 incident ischemic stroke and 968 non-stroke participants. One lipid factor, enriched for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid), was inversely associated with stroke risk in a base model (HR = 0.84; 95%CI 0.79-0.90; P = 8.33 × 10
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2541897-X
    ISSN 1868-601X ; 1868-4483
    ISSN (online) 1868-601X
    ISSN 1868-4483
    DOI 10.1007/s12975-024-01256-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: The Impacts of COVID-19 on Minority Unemployment

    Couch, Kenneth A. / Fairlie, Robert W. / Xu, Huanan

    SSRN Electronic Journal ; ISSN 1556-5068

    First Evidence from April 2020 CPS Microdata

    2020  

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.2139/ssrn.3604814
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment

    Couch, Kenneth A. / Fairlie, Robert W. / Xu, Huanan

    Journal of Public Economics

    2020  Volume 192, Page(s) 104287

    Keywords Economics and Econometrics ; Finance ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1460611-2
    ISSN 1879-2316 ; 0047-2727
    ISSN (online) 1879-2316
    ISSN 0047-2727
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104287
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Conflict of interest disclosure in orthopaedic and general surgical trauma literature.

    Tisherman, Robert T / Couch, Brandon K / Reddy, Rajiv P / Tisherman, Samuel A / Shaw, Jeremy D

    Injury

    2021  Volume 52, Issue 8, Page(s) 2148–2153

    Abstract: Significance: Financial relationships between industry and physicians are a key aspect for the advancement of surgical practice and training, but these relationships also result in a conflict of interest with respect to research. Financial payments to ... ...

    Abstract Significance: Financial relationships between industry and physicians are a key aspect for the advancement of surgical practice and training, but these relationships also result in a conflict of interest with respect to research. Financial payments to physicians are public within the United States in the Open Payments Database, but the rate of accurate financial disclosure of payments has not previously been studied in trauma surgery publications.
    Objective: To determine the rate of accurate financial disclosure in major surgical trauma journals compared with the Open Payments Database.
    Materials and methods: The names of all authors publishing in The Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, Injury, and The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery between 2015 and 2018 were obtained from MEDLINE. Non-physicians, physicians outside of the United States, physicians without payments in the Open Payments Database, and physicians with payments types of only "Food and Drink" were excluded. Financial disclosure statements were obtained from the journal websites and manually compared against Open Payments Database entries the year prior to submission and during the year of submission up until 3 months prior to publication for each individual physician. Main outcomes were accuracy of disclosure published with each article, total amount of payments received (disclosure or undisclosed), surgical subspecialty of the reporting physician. Statistical comparisons were made using Chi-square testing with significance defined as p<0.05.
    Results: Between 2015 and 2018, 5070 articles were published involving 28,948 authors. 2945 authors met inclusion criteria. 490 authors accurately disclosed their financial relationships with industry (16.6%). The median value of undisclosed payments was $22,140 [IQR $6465, $77,221] which was significantly less than the medial value of disclosed payment of $66,433 [IQR $24,624, $161,886], p<0.001 Orthopaedic surgeons disclosed at a higher rate (26.3%, 479/1818) than general surgeons (4.8%, 47/971), p<0.001.
    Conclusions: Physician-industry relationships are key for advancing surgical practice and providing training to physicians. These relationships are not inherently unethical, but there is consistently high inaccuracy of financial disclosure across multiple trauma surgery journals which may indicate the need for further education on financial disclosures during surgical training or active obtainment of publicly available financial disclosures by journals.
    MeSH term(s) Conflict of Interest ; Databases, Factual ; Disclosure ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Physicians ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218778-4
    ISSN 1879-0267 ; 0020-1383
    ISSN (online) 1879-0267
    ISSN 0020-1383
    DOI 10.1016/j.injury.2021.03.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top