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Article ; Online: Predicting respiratory failure and outcome in pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Roodbol, Joyce / Korinthenberg, Rudolf / Venema, Esmee / de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / Lingsma, Hester F / Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E / Jacobs, Bart C

European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society

2023 Volume 44, Page(s) 18–24

Abstract: Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has a highly variable clinical course and outcome as indicated by the risk of developing respiratory failure and residual inability to walk. Prognostic models as Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has a highly variable clinical course and outcome as indicated by the risk of developing respiratory failure and residual inability to walk. Prognostic models as Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score (EGRIS) developed in adult patients are inaccurate in children. Our aim was to determine the prognostic factors of respiratory failure and inability to walk in children with GBS and to develop a new clinical prognostic model for individual patients (EGRIS-Kids). Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed using the data of children (younger than 18 years) fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for GBS from the NINDS. This study was performed in two independent cohorts from centers in Germany, Switzerland, Austria (N = 265, collected 1989-2002) and The Netherlands (N = 156, collected 1987-2016). The predicted main outcomes were occurrence of respiratory failure during the disease course and inability to walk independent at one year after diagnosis. Results: In the combined cohort of 421 children, 79 (19%) required mechanical ventilation and one patient died. The EGRIS-kids was developed including: age, cranial nerve involvement and GBS disability score at admission, resulting in a 9 point score predicting risks of respiratory failure ranging from 4 to 50% (AUC = 0.71). A lower GBS disability score at nadir was the strongest predictor of recovery to independent walking (at one month: OR 0.43 95%CI 0.25-0.74). Conclusions: EGRIS-Kids and GBS disability score at admission accurately predict the risk of respiratory failure and inability to walk respectively in children with GBS, as tools to personalize the monitoring and treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Child ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Disease Progression ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Respiration, Artificial
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1397146-3
ISSN	1532-2130 ; 1090-3798
ISSN (online)	1532-2130
ISSN	1090-3798
DOI	10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.02.007
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Zs.A 4867: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Acute flaccid myelitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome in children: A comparative study with evaluation of diagnostic criteria.

Helfferich, Jelte / Roodbol, Joyce / de Wit, Marie-Claire / Brouwer, Oebele F / Jacobs, Bart C

European journal of neurology

2021 Volume 29, Issue 2, Page(s) 593–604

Abstract: Background and purpose: Differentiation between acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) can be difficult, particularly in children. Our objective was to improve the diagnostic accuracy by giving recommendations based on a ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: Differentiation between acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) can be difficult, particularly in children. Our objective was to improve the diagnostic accuracy by giving recommendations based on a comparison of clinical features and diagnostic criteria in children with AFM or GBS. Methods: A cohort of 26 children with AFM associated with enterovirus D68 was compared to a cohort of 156 children with GBS. The specificity of the Brighton criteria, used for GBS diagnosis, was evaluated in the AFM cohort and the specificity of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) AFM diagnostic criteria in the GBS cohort. Results: Children with AFM compared to those with GBS had a shorter interval between onset of weakness and nadir (3 vs. 8 days, p < 0.001), more often had asymmetric limb weakness (58% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), and less frequently had sensory deficits (0% vs. 40%, p < 0.001). In AFM, cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte counts were higher, whereas protein concentrations were lower. Spinal cord lesions on magnetic resonance imaging were only found in AFM patients. No GBS case fulfilled CDC criteria for definite AFM. Of the AFM cases, 8% fulfilled the Brighton criteria for GBS, when omitting the criterion of excluding an alternate diagnosis. Conclusions: Despite the overlap in clinical presentation, we found distinctive early clinical and diagnostic characteristics for differentiating AFM from GBS in children. Diagnostic criteria for AFM and GBS usually perform well, but some AFM cases may fulfill clinical diagnostic criteria for GBS. This underlines the need to perform diagnostic tests early to exclude AFM in children suspected of atypical GBS.
MeSH term(s)	Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/complications ; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/diagnosis ; Child ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Humans ; Myelitis/diagnosis ; Neuromuscular Diseases/complications ; Neuromuscular Diseases/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1280785-0
ISSN	1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
ISSN (online)	1468-1331
ISSN	1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
DOI	10.1111/ene.15170
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Zs.A 4738: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Motor nerve excitability after childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Drenthen, Judith / Roodbol, Joyce / Maathuis, Ellen M / Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E / Blok, Joleen H / de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / Jacobs, Bart C

Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS

2017 Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 100–105

Abstract: Residual motor nerve dysfunction after pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) was determined in an observational cross-sectional cohort study in patients who previously developed GBS during childhood (<18 years). Ulnar motor nerve dysfunction was ... ...

Abstract	Residual motor nerve dysfunction after pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) was determined in an observational cross-sectional cohort study in patients who previously developed GBS during childhood (<18 years). Ulnar motor nerve dysfunction was defined by compound motor action potential (CMAP) scan in patients after a follow up of at least 1 year compared with age-matched healthy controls, in relation to clinical course and outcome. A total of 37 persons previously diagnosed with GBS in childhood were included with a mean age at current examination of 20.6 years (4-39 years). The median time between diagnosis and follow-up was 11 years (range: 1-22 years). CMAP scanning indicated ulnar motor nerve dysfunction in 25 (68%) participants. The most frequent abnormality was a reduction in nerve excitability observed both in those with residual limb weakness and in the majority of those with complete recovery. CMAP scan characteristics were not related to prognostic factors or outcome. In conclusion, GBS in childhood results in residual motor nerve excitability disturbances, even in those completely recovered, probably reflecting altered physiology of regenerated peripheral nerves.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1364009-4
ISSN	1529-8027 ; 1085-9489
ISSN (online)	1529-8027
ISSN	1085-9489
DOI	10.1111/jns.12213
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Article ; Online: Diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children and validation of the Brighton criteria.

Roodbol, Joyce / de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / van den Berg, Bianca / Kahlmann, Vivienne / Drenthen, Judith / Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E / Jacobs, Bart C

Journal of neurology

2017 Volume 264, Issue 5, Page(s) 856–861

Abstract: To describe the key diagnostic features of pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and validate the Brighton criteria. Retrospective cohort study of all children (<18 years) diagnosed with GBS between 1987 and 2013 at Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus ... ...

Abstract	To describe the key diagnostic features of pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and validate the Brighton criteria. Retrospective cohort study of all children (<18 years) diagnosed with GBS between 1987 and 2013 at Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam. Clinical information was collected and the sensitivity of the Brighton criteria was calculated. 67 children (35 boys) were included, with a median age of 5.0 years [interquartile range (IQR) 3.0-10.0 years]. Bilateral limb weakness was present at hospital admission in 93% of children, and at nadir in all patients. Children presented with tetraparesis in 70% or with paraparesis in 23%. Reduced reflexes in paretic limbs were observed at hospital admission in 82% and during follow-up in all children. The progressive phase lasted median 6 days (IQR 3-8 days) and less than 4 weeks in all children. A monophasic disease course was seen in 97%, including 5 children with a treatment-related fluctuation. Two children had a later relapse at 9 weeks and 19 weeks after onset. 77% of the children showed an elevated protein level in CSF. Nerve conduction studies showed evidence for a poly(radiculo)neuropathy in 91% of the children. 46 children had a complete data set, the sensitivity of the Brighton criteria level 1 was 72% (95% CI 57-84) and 96% (95% CI 85-99) for level 2 and 98% (95% CI 88-100) for level 3. The majority of the pediatric GBS patients presented in this cohort fulfilled the current diagnostic criteria.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187050-6
ISSN	1432-1459 ; 0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
ISSN (online)	1432-1459
ISSN	0340-5354 ; 0012-1037 ; 0939-1517 ; 1619-800X
DOI	10.1007/s00415-017-8429-8
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Article ; Online: Long-term outcome of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children.

Roodbol, Joyce / de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / Aarsen, Femke K / Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E / Jacobs, Bart C

Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS

2014 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 121–126

Abstract: The objective of this study is to determine the long-term outcome and consequences of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in children. This is an observational cross-sectional cohort study of children diagnosed with GBS (0-18 years old) at the Sophia Children' ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study is to determine the long-term outcome and consequences of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in children. This is an observational cross-sectional cohort study of children diagnosed with GBS (0-18 years old) at the Sophia Children's Hospital in Rotterdam from 1987 to 2009. All patients were invited for a structured interview, questionnaires, and full neurologic exam to record their current clinical condition focused on complaints and symptoms, neurological deficits, disabilities, behavior, and quality of life. Thirty-seven patients participated, 23 were now adults, with a median age of 20 years (range 4-39 years) and a median follow-up time of 11 years (range 1-22 years). Residual complaints were reported by 24 (65%) patients, including paresthesias (38%), unsteadiness of gait in the dark (37%), painful hands or feet (24%), and severe fatigue (22%). Four patients had severe neurological deficits, including facial diplegia and limb weakness. Two patients had had a recurrence of GBS. In 10 patients (26%), GBS had a negative impact on their school career. Questionnaires identified a wide range of behavioral problems. Quality of life was below normal on the subscale vitality, and above normal on the subscales social functioning and positive emotions in the adult group. Most children show good recovery of neurological deficits after GBS, but many have persisting long-term residual complaints and symptoms that may lead to psychosocial problems interfering with participation in daily life.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Behavioral Symptoms/etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholestyramine Resin ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Children ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/epidemiology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/psychology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Netherlands ; Neurologic Examination ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Cholestyramine Resin (11041-12-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1364009-4
ISSN	1529-8027 ; 1085-9489
ISSN (online)	1529-8027
ISSN	1085-9489
DOI	10.1111/jns5.12068
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Article ; Online: Severe childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: a case series.

Meyer Sauteur, Patrick M / Roodbol, Joyce / Hackenberg, Annette / de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / Vink, Cornelis / Berger, Christoph / Jacobs, Enno / van Rossum, Annemarie M C / Jacobs, Bart C

Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS

2015 Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 72–78

Abstract: We report seven children with recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and severe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) that presented to two European medical centres from 1992 to 2012. Severe GBS was defined as the occurrence of respiratory failure, central ... ...

Abstract	We report seven children with recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and severe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) that presented to two European medical centres from 1992 to 2012. Severe GBS was defined as the occurrence of respiratory failure, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, or death. Five children had GBS, one Bickerstaff brain stem encephalitis (BBE), and one acute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (A-CIDP). The five patients with severe GBS were derived from an original cohort of 66 children with GBS. In this cohort, 17 children (26%) had a severe form of GBS and 47% of patients with M. pneumoniae infection presented with severe GBS. Of the seven patients in this case series, five were mechanically ventilated and four had CNS involvement (two were comatose). Most patients presented with non-specific clinical symptoms (nuchal rigidity and ataxia) and showed a rapidly progressive disease course (71%). Antibodies against M. pneumoniae were detected in all patients and were found to be intrathecally synthesised in two cases (GBS and BBE), which proves intrathecal infection. One patient died and only two patients recovered completely. These cases illustrate that M. pneumoniae infection in children can be followed by severe and complicated forms of GBS. Non-specific clinical features of GBS in such patients may predispose a potentially life-threatening delay in diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Progression ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae/pathogenicity ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/complications ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1364009-4
ISSN	1529-8027 ; 1085-9489
ISSN (online)	1529-8027
ISSN	1085-9489
DOI	10.1111/jns.12121
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Article ; Online: CSF Findings in Relation to Clinical Characteristics, Subtype, and Disease Course in Patients With Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Al-Hakem, Helle / Doets, Alex Y / Stino, Amro Maher / Zivkovic, Sasha A / Andersen, Henning / Willison, Hugh J / Cornblath, David R / Gorson, Kenneth C / Islam, Zhahirul / Mohammad, Quazi Deen / Sindrup, Søren Hein / Kusunoki, Susumu / Davidson, Amy / Casasnovas, Carlos / Bateman, Kathleen / Miller, James A L / van den Berg, Bianca / Verboon, Christine / Roodbol, Joyce /

Leonhard, Sonja E / Arends, Samuel / Luijten, Linda W G / Benedetti, Luana / Kuwabara, Satoshi / Van den Bergh, Peter / Monges, Soledad / Marfia, Girolama A / Shahrizaila, Nortina / Galassi, Giuliana / Pereon, Yann / Bürmann, Jan / Kuitwaard, Krista / Kleyweg, Ruud P / Marchesoni, Cintia / Sedano Tous, María J / Querol, Luis / Martín-Aguilar, Lorena / Wang, Yuzhong / Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo / Rinaldi, Simon / Schenone, Angelo / Pardo, Julio / Vermeij, Frederique H / Waheed, Waqar / Lehmann, Helmar C / Granit, Volkan / Stein, Beth / Cavaletti, Guido / Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Gerardo / Barroso, Fabio A / Visser, Leo H / Katzberg, Hans D / Dardiotis, Efthimios / Attarian, Shahram / van der Kooi, Anneke J / Eftimov, Filip / Wirtz, Paul W / Samijn, Johnny P A / Gilhuis, H Jacobus / Hadden, Robert D M / Holt, James K L / Sheikh, Kazim A / Kolb, Noah / Karafiath, Summer / Vytopil, Michal / Antonini, Giovanni / Feasby, Thomas E / Faber, Catharina / Kramers, Hans / Busby, Mark / Roberts, Rhys C / Silvestri, Nicholas J / Fazio, Raffaella / van Dijk, Gert W / Garssen, Marcel P J / Verschuuren, Jan / Harbo, Thomas / Jacobs, Bart C

Neurology

2023 Volume 100, Issue 23, Page(s) e2386–e2397

Abstract: Background and objectives: To investigate CSF findings in relation to clinical and electrodiagnostic subtypes, severity, and outcome of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) based on 1,500 patients in the International GBS Outcome Study.: Methods: ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: To investigate CSF findings in relation to clinical and electrodiagnostic subtypes, severity, and outcome of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) based on 1,500 patients in the International GBS Outcome Study. Methods: Albuminocytologic dissociation (ACD) was defined as an increased protein level (>0.45 g/L) in the absence of elevated white cell count (<50 cells/μL). We excluded 124 (8%) patients because of other diagnoses, protocol violation, or insufficient data. The CSF was examined in 1,231 patients (89%). Results: In 846 (70%) patients, CSF examination showed ACD, which increased with time from weakness onset: ≤4 days 57%, >4 days 84%. High CSF protein levels were associated with a demyelinating subtype, proximal or global muscle weakness, and a reduced likelihood of being able to run at week 2 (odds ratio [OR] 0.42, 95% CI 0.25-0.70; Discussion: ACD is a common finding in GBS, but normal protein levels do not exclude this diagnosis. High CSF protein level is associated with an early severe disease course and a demyelinating subtype. Elevated CSF cell count, rarely ≥50 cells/μL, is compatible with GBS after a thorough exclusion of alternative diagnoses. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence that CSF ACD (defined by the Brighton Collaboration) is common in patients with GBS.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Cell Count ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Progression ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/cerebrospinal fluid ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/pathology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/physiopathology ; Internationality ; Miller Fisher Syndrome/cerebrospinal fluid ; Miller Fisher Syndrome/diagnosis ; Miller Fisher Syndrome/pathology ; Miller Fisher Syndrome/physiopathology ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	207147-2
ISSN	1526-632X ; 0028-3878
ISSN (online)	1526-632X
ISSN	0028-3878
DOI	10.1212/WNL.0000000000207282
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Article ; Online: Dreigende respiratoire insufficiëntie bij kinderen door guillain-barrésyndroom.

de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / Roodbol, Joyce / de Hoog, Matthijs / Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E / Jacobs, Bart C

Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde

2011 Volume 155, Issue 42, Page(s) A3808

Abstract: Early recognition of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is crucial to anticipate and adequately respond to possible respiratory insufficiency. Young children with GBS frequently have non-specific complaints and are more difficult to examine, which may cause a ...

Title translation	Imminent respiratory insufficiency in children resulting from Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Abstract	Early recognition of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is crucial to anticipate and adequately respond to possible respiratory insufficiency. Young children with GBS frequently have non-specific complaints and are more difficult to examine, which may cause a significant delay in diagnosing GBS. We present 3 children, all boys, aged 22 months, 7 years and 4 years respectively, with GBS in whom the diagnosis was missed upon admission, resulting in a failure to appreciate the risk of acute respiratory insufficiency. Two children had to undergo emergency intubation, and one of these cases had a fatal outcome. Young children with GBS often present with pain and refusal to walk, or with difficulty swallowing, and are often initially misdiagnosed with e.g. tonsillitis or coxitis. These nonspecific symptoms can be a first sign of a progressive polyradiculoneuropathy and should prompt a full neurological examination and timely referral to a paediatric neurological centre with Intensive Care facilities.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Respiratory Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Time Factors
Language	Dutch
Publishing date	2011
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	82073-8
ISSN	1876-8784 ; 0028-2162
ISSN (online)	1876-8784
ISSN	0028-2162
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Article ; Online: Mycoplasma pneumoniae triggering the Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-control study.

Meyer Sauteur, Patrick M / Huizinga, Ruth / Tio-Gillen, Anne P / Roodbol, Joyce / Hoogenboezem, Theo / Jacobs, Enno / van Rijn, Monique / van der Eijk, Annemiek A / Vink, Cornelis / de Wit, Marie-Claire Y / van Rossum, Annemarie M C / Jacobs, Bart C

Annals of neurology

2016 Volume 80, Issue 4, Page(s) 566–580

Abstract: Objective: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute postinfectious immune-mediated polyneuropathy. Although preceding respiratory tract infections with Mycoplasma pneumoniae have been reported in some cases, the role of M. pneumoniae in the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute postinfectious immune-mediated polyneuropathy. Although preceding respiratory tract infections with Mycoplasma pneumoniae have been reported in some cases, the role of M. pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of GBS remains unclear. We here cultured, for the first time, M. pneumoniae from a GBS patient with antibodies against galactocerebroside (GalC), which cross-reacted with the isolate. This case prompted us to unravel the role of M. pneumoniae in GBS in a case-control study. Methods: We included 189 adults and 24 children with GBS and compared them to control cohorts for analysis of serum antibodies against M. pneumoniae (n = 479) and GalC (n = 198). Results: Anti-M. pneumoniae immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies were detected in GBS patients and healthy controls in 3% and 0% of adults (p = 0.16) and 21% and 7% of children (p = 0.03), respectively. Anti-GalC antibodies (IgM and/or IgG) were found in 4% of adults and 25% of children with GBS (p = 0.001). Anti-GalC-positive patients showed more-frequent preceding respiratory symptoms, cranial nerve involvement, and a better outcome. Anti-GalC antibodies correlated with anti-M. pneumoniae antibodies (p < 0.001) and cross-reacted with different M. pneumoniae strains. Anti-GalC IgM antibodies were not only found in GBS patients with M. pneumoniae infection, but also in patients without neurological disease (8% vs 9%; p = 0.87), whereas anti-GalC IgG was exclusively found in patients with GBS (9% vs 0%; p = 0.006). Interpretation: M. pneumoniae infection is associated with GBS, more frequently in children than adults, and elicits anti-GalC antibodies, of which specifically anti-GalC IgG may contribute to the pathogenesis of GBS. Ann Neurol 2016;80:566-580.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Galactosylceramides/immunology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoplasma Infections/complications ; Mycoplasma Infections/immunology ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae/immunology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Autoantibodies ; Galactosylceramides ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; galactocerebroside
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80362-5
ISSN	1531-8249 ; 0364-5134
ISSN (online)	1531-8249
ISSN	0364-5134
DOI	10.1002/ana.24755
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Article ; Online: An International Perspective on Preceding Infections in Guillain-Barré Syndrome: The IGOS-1000 Cohort.

Leonhard, Sonja E / van der Eijk, Annemiek A / Andersen, Henning / Antonini, Giovanni / Arends, Samuel / Attarian, Shahram / Barroso, Fabio A / Bateman, Kathleen J / Batstra, Manou R / Benedetti, Luana / van den Berg, Bianca / Van den Bergh, Peter / Bürmann, Jan / Busby, Mark / Casasnovas, Carlos / Cornblath, David R / Davidson, Amy / Doets, Alex Y / van Doorn, Pieter A /

Dornonville de la Cour, Charlotte / Feasby, Thomas E / Fehmi, Janev / Garcia-Sobrino, Tania / Goldstein, Jonathan M / Gorson, Kenneth C / Granit, Volkan / Hadden, Robert D M / Harbo, Thomas / Hartung, Hans-Peter / Hasan, Imran / Holbech, Jakob V / Holt, James K L / Jahan, Israt / Islam, Zhahirul / Karafiath, Summer / Katzberg, Hans D / Kleyweg, Ruud P / Kolb, Noah / Kuitwaard, Krista / Kuwahara, Motoi / Kusunoki, Susumu / Luijten, Linda W G / Kuwabara, Satoshi / Lee Pan, Edward / Lehmann, Helmar C / Maas, Marijke / Martín-Aguilar, Lorena / Miller, James A L / Mohammad, Quazi Deen / Monges, Soledad / Nedkova-Hristova, Velina / Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo / Pardo, Julio / Pereon, Yann / Querol, Luis / Reisin, Ricardo / Van Rijs, Wouter / Rinaldi, Simon / Roberts, Rhys C / Roodbol, Joyce / Shahrizaila, Nortina / Sindrup, Søren Hein / Stein, Beth / Cheng-Yin, Tan / Tankisi, Hatice / Tio-Gillen, Anne P / Sedano Tous, María J / Verboon, Christine / Vermeij, Frederique H / Visser, Leo H / Huizinga, Ruth / Willison, Hugh J / Jacobs, Bart C

Neurology

2022 Volume 99, Issue 12, Page(s) e1299–e1313

Abstract: Background and objectives: Infections play a key role in the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and have been associated with specific clinical features and disease severity. The clinical variation of GBS across geographical regions has been ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Infections play a key role in the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and have been associated with specific clinical features and disease severity. The clinical variation of GBS across geographical regions has been suggested to be related to differences in the distribution of preceding infections, but this has not been studied on a large scale. Methods: We analyzed the first 1,000 patients included in the International GBS Outcome Study with available biosamples (n = 768) for the presence of a recent infection with Results: Serologic evidence of a recent infection with Discussion: Across geographical regions, the distribution of infections was similar, but the association between infection and clinical phenotype differed. A mismatch between symptom reporting and serologic results and the high frequency of coinfections demonstrate the importance of broad serologic testing in identifying the most likely infectious trigger. The association between infections and outcome indicates their value for future prognostic models.
MeSH term(s)	Campylobacter Infections/complications ; Campylobacter Infections/epidemiology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Internationality
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	207147-2
ISSN	1526-632X ; 0028-3878
ISSN (online)	1526-632X
ISSN	0028-3878
DOI	10.1212/WNL.0000000000200885
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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