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  1. AU=Leng Shuguang
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  1. Artikel ; Online: Cisplatin in the era of PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy.

    Duan, Mingrui / Leng, Shuguang / Mao, Peng

    Pharmacology & therapeutics

    2024  Band 258, Seite(n) 108642

    Abstract: Platinum compounds such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are widely used in chemotherapy. Cisplatin induces cytotoxic DNA damage that blocks DNA replication and gene transcription, leading to arrest of cell proliferation. Although platinum ... ...

    Abstract Platinum compounds such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are widely used in chemotherapy. Cisplatin induces cytotoxic DNA damage that blocks DNA replication and gene transcription, leading to arrest of cell proliferation. Although platinum therapy alone is effective against many tumors, cancer cells can adapt to the treatment and gain resistance. The mechanisms for cisplatin resistance are complex, including low DNA damage formation, high DNA repair capacity, changes in apoptosis signaling pathways, rewired cell metabolisms, and others. Drug resistance compromises the clinical efficacy and calls for new strategies by combining cisplatin with other therapies. Exciting progress in cancer treatment, particularly development of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, opened a new chapter to combine cisplatin with these new cancer therapies. In this Review, we discuss how platinum synergizes with PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy to bring new hope to cancer patients.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Cisplatin/therapeutic use ; Cisplatin/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Animals ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
    Chemische Substanzen Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors ; Cisplatin (Q20Q21Q62J) ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-04-16
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 194735-7
    ISSN 1879-016X ; 0163-7258
    ISSN (online) 1879-016X
    ISSN 0163-7258
    DOI 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108642
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel: Maternal exposure to metal components of PM2.5 and low birth weight in New Mexico, USA.

    Huang, Yanhong / Gong, Xi / Liu, Lin / Luo, Li / Leng, Shuguang / Lin, Yan

    Research square

    2023  

    Abstract: Infants with low birth weight (LBW) are more likely to have health problems than normal weight infants. In studies examining the associations between particulate matter (PM) exposures and LBW, there is a tendency to focus on ... ...

    Abstract Infants with low birth weight (LBW) are more likely to have health problems than normal weight infants. In studies examining the associations between particulate matter (PM) exposures and LBW, there is a tendency to focus on PM
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-03-31
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2666605/v1
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Maternal exposure to metal components of PM

    Huang, Yanhong / Gong, Xi / Liu, Lin / Luo, Li / Leng, Shuguang / Lin, Yan

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2023  Band 30, Heft 43, Seite(n) 98526–98535

    Abstract: Infants with low birth weight (LBW) are more likely to have health problems than normal weight infants. In studies examining the associations between particulate matter (PM) exposures and LBW, there is a tendency to focus on ... ...

    Abstract Infants with low birth weight (LBW) are more likely to have health problems than normal weight infants. In studies examining the associations between particulate matter (PM) exposures and LBW, there is a tendency to focus on PM
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Infant ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Particulate Matter ; Maternal Exposure ; New Mexico ; Metals ; Birth Weight ; Infant, Low Birth Weight
    Chemische Substanzen Particulate Matter ; Metals
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-08-23
    Erscheinungsland Germany
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-023-29291-1
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel: Computational risk modeling of underground coal mines based on NIOSH employment demographics.

    Beeche, Cameron A / Garcia, Maria Acevedo / Leng, Shuguang / Roghanchi, Pedram / Pu, Jiantao

    Safety science

    2023  Band 164

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the feasibility of predicting the risk of underground coal mine operations using data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).: Methods: A total of 22,068 data entries from 3,982 unique ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the feasibility of predicting the risk of underground coal mine operations using data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
    Methods: A total of 22,068 data entries from 3,982 unique underground coal mines from 1990 to 2020 were extracted from the NIOSH mine employment database. We defined the risk index of a mine as the ratio between the number of injuries and the size of the mine. Several machine learning models were used to predict the risk of a mine based on its employment demographics (i.e., number of underground employees, number of surface employees, and coal production). Based on these models, a mine was classified into a "low-risk" or "high-risk" category and assigned with a fuzzy risk index. Risk probabilities were then computed to generate risk profiles and identify mines with potential hazards.
    Results: NIOSH mine demographic features yielded a prediction performance with an AUC of 0.724 (95% CI 0.717-0.731) based on the last 31-years' mine data and an AUC of 0.738 (95% CI: 0.726, 0.749) on the last 16-years' mine data. Fuzzy risk score shows that risk is greatest in mines with an average of 621 underground employees and a production of 4,210,150 tons. The ratio of tons/employee maximizes the risk at 16,342.18 tons/employee.
    Conclusion: It is possible to predict the risk of underground coal mines based on their employee demographics and optimizing the allocation and distribution of employees in coal mines can help minimize the risk of accidents and injuries.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-19
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1074634-1
    ISSN 1879-1042 ; 0925-7535
    ISSN (online) 1879-1042
    ISSN 0925-7535
    DOI 10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106170
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel: Pan-cancer mutational signature surveys correlated mutational signature with geospatial environmental exposures and viral infections.

    Bai, Judy / Ma, Katherine / Xia, Shangyang / Geng, Richard / Shen, Claire / Jiang, Limin / Gong, Xi / Yu, Hui / Leng, Shuguang / Guo, Yan

    Computational and structural biotechnology journal

    2023  Band 21, Seite(n) 5413–5422

    Abstract: Background: Cancer has been disproportionally affecting minorities. Genomic-based cancer disparity analyses have been less common than conventional epidemiological studies. In the past decade, mutational signatures have been established as ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cancer has been disproportionally affecting minorities. Genomic-based cancer disparity analyses have been less common than conventional epidemiological studies. In the past decade, mutational signatures have been established as characteristic footprints of endogenous or exogenous carcinogens.
    Methods: Integrating datasets of diverse cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas and geospatial environmental risks of the registry hospitals from the United States Environmental Protection Agency, we explored mutational signatures from the aspect of racial disparity concerning pollutant exposures. The raw geospatial environmental exposure data were refined to 449 air pollutants archived and modeled from 2007 to 2017 and aggregated to the census county level. Additionally, hepatitis B and C viruses and human papillomavirus infection statuses were incorporated into analyses for skin cancer, cervical cancer, and liver cancer.
    Results: Mutation frequencies of key oncogenic genes varied substantially between different races. These differences were further translated into differences in mutational signatures. Survival analysis revealed that the increased pollution level is associated with worse survival. The analysis of the oncogenic virus revealed that aflatoxin, an affirmed carcinogen for liver cancer, was higher in Asian liver cancer patients than in White patients. The aflatoxin mutational signature was exacerbated by hepatitis infection for Asian patients but not for White patients, suggesting a predisposed genetic or genomic disadvantage for Asians concerning aflatoxin.
    Conclusions: Environmental pollutant exposures increase a mutational signature level and worsen cancer prognosis, presenting a definite adverse risk factor for cancer patients.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-20
    Erscheinungsland Netherlands
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2694435-2
    ISSN 2001-0370
    ISSN 2001-0370
    DOI 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.041
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Lung Effects of Household Air Pollution.

    Qiu, Anna Y / Leng, Shuguang / McCormack, Meredith / Peden, David B / Sood, Akshay

    The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

    2022  Band 10, Heft 11, Seite(n) 2807–2819

    Abstract: Biomass fuel smoke, secondhand smoke, and oxides of nitrogen are common causes of household air pollution (HAP). Almost 2.4 billion people worldwide use solid fuels for cooking and heating, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Wood combustion for ... ...

    Abstract Biomass fuel smoke, secondhand smoke, and oxides of nitrogen are common causes of household air pollution (HAP). Almost 2.4 billion people worldwide use solid fuels for cooking and heating, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. Wood combustion for household heating is also common in many areas of high-income countries, and minorities are particularly vulnerable. HAP in low- and middle-income countries is associated with asthma, acute respiratory tract infections in adults and children, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and respiratory mortality. Although wood smoke exposure levels in high-income countries are typically lower than in lower-income countries, it is similarly associated with accelerated lung function decline, higher prevalence of airflow obstruction and chronic bronchitis, and higher all-cause and respiratory cause-specific mortality. Household air cleaners with high-efficiency particle filters have mixed effects on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease outcomes. Biomass fuel interventions in low-income countries include adding chimneys to cookstoves, improving biomass fuel combustion stoves, and switching fuel to liquid petroleum gas. Still, the impact on health outcomes is inconsistent. In high-income countries, strategies for reducing biomass fuel-related HAP are centered on community-level woodstove changeout programs, although the results are again inconsistent. In addition, initiatives to encourage home smoking bans have mixed success in households with children. Environmental solutions to reduce HAP have varying success in reducing pollutants and health problems. Improved understanding of indoor air quality factors and actions that prevent degradation or improve polluted indoor air may lead to enhanced environmental health policies, but health outcomes must be rigorously examined.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Air Pollution ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Cooking/methods ; Asthma/epidemiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Lung
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-09-02
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2843237-X
    ISSN 2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
    ISSN (online) 2213-2201
    ISSN 2213-2198
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.08.031
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Industrial air pollution and low birth weight in New Mexico, USA.

    Gong, Xi / Huang, Yanhong / Duong, Jenny / Leng, Shuguang / Zhan, F Benjamin / Guo, Yan / Lin, Yan / Luo, Li

    Journal of environmental management

    2023  Band 348, Seite(n) 119236

    Abstract: In recent decades, the low birth weight (LBW) rate in New Mexico has consistently exceeded the Unites States average. Maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy may be a significant contributor to LBW in offspring. This study investigated the ... ...

    Abstract In recent decades, the low birth weight (LBW) rate in New Mexico has consistently exceeded the Unites States average. Maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy may be a significant contributor to LBW in offspring. This study investigated the links between maternal residential exposure to air pollution from industrial sources and the risk of LBW in offspring. The analysis included 22,375 LBW cases and 233,340 controls. It focused on 14 common chemicals listed in the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) and monitoring datasets, which have abundant monitoring samples. The Emission Weighted Proximity Model (EWPM) was used to calculate maternal air pollution exposure intensity. Adjusted odds ratios (adjORs) were calculated using binary logistic regressions to examine the association between maternal residential air pollution exposure and LBW, while controlling for potential confounders, such as the maternal age, race/ethnicity, gestational age, prenatal care, education level, consumption of alcohol during pregnancy, public health regions, child's sex, and the year of birth. Multiple comparison correction was applied using the False Discovery Rate approach. The results showed that maternal residential exposure to 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, benzene, chlorine, ethylbenzene, and styrene had significant positive associations with LBW in offspring, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.10 to 1.13. These five chemicals remained as significant risk factors after dividing the estimated exposure intensities into four categories. In addition, significant linear trends were found between LBW and maternal exposure to each of the five identified chemicals. Furthermore, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was identified as a risk factor to LBW for the first time. The findings of this study should be confirmed through additional epidemiological, biological, and toxicological studies.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; New Mexico ; Male
    Chemische Substanzen Air Pollutants ; pseudocumene (34X0W8052F)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-10-17
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119236
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Isolation and initial propagation of guinea pig adenovirus (GPAdV) in

    Kajon, Adriana E / Li, Xiaoxin / Gonzalez, Gabriel / Core, Susan / Hofmann-Sieber, Helga / Leng, Shuguang

    F1000Research

    2019  Band 8, Seite(n) 1597

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adenoviridae ; Animals ; Australia ; Cell Line ; Guinea Pigs ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-09-05
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402 ; 2046-1402
    ISSN (online) 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.20135.2
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Ambient air pollutants and hospital visits for pneumonia: a case-crossover study in Qingdao, China.

    Zhang, Jianzhong / Ren, Dunqiang / Cao, Xue / Wang, Tao / Geng, Xue / Li, Xin / Tang, Jinglong / Leng, Shuguang / Wang, Hongmei / Zheng, Yuxin

    BMC public health

    2021  Band 21, Heft 1, Seite(n) 66

    Abstract: Background: Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the outcome of these surveys. To explore the relationship between atmospheric pollution and hospital visits for pneumonia under the climate and pollution conditions in Qingdao, we carried out this study.
    Methods: The medical records of pneumonia patients were gathered from the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University during Jan 1st, 2014, and Dec 31st,2018. Daily concentrations of PM
    Results: In the single pollutant model, with interquartile range increment of the density of PM
    Conclusions: Our study found a significant relationship between short-term uncovering to PM
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Air Pollutants/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Cross-Over Studies ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Particulate Matter/adverse effects ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Pneumonia/epidemiology
    Chemische Substanzen Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-01-07
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-020-10065-0
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Isolation and initial propagation of guinea pig adenovirus (GPAdV) in Cavia porcellus cell lines [version 2; peer review

    Adriana E. Kajon / Xiaoxin Li / Gabriel Gonzalez / Susan Core / Helga Hofmann-Sieber / Shuguang Leng

    F1000Research, Vol

    2 approved]

    2020  Band 8

    Abstract: Background: The lack of adequate in vitro systems to isolate and propagate guinea pig adenovirus (GPAdV), a prevalent cause of respiratory illness of varaible severity in laboratory guinea pig colonies worldwide, has precluded its formal characterization ...

    Abstract Background: The lack of adequate in vitro systems to isolate and propagate guinea pig adenovirus (GPAdV), a prevalent cause of respiratory illness of varaible severity in laboratory guinea pig colonies worldwide, has precluded its formal characterization to allow for the development of comprehensive diagnostic assays, and for the execution of complex pathogenesis and basic virology studies. Methods: Two strains of GPAdV were isolated in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) cell cultures from frozen archival infected animal tissue originated from colony outbreaks of pneumonia in Australia and the Czech Republic in 1996. Results: Commercially available guinea pig cell lines from colorectal carcinoma (GPC-16), fetal fibroblast (104-C1) and lung fibroblast (JH4 C1), and the tracheal epithelial cell line GPTEC-T developed in this study were able to support viral infection and early propagation. Sufficient viral DNA was recovered from cell cultures to PCR-amplify and obtain sequence data for the complete hexon gene and partial DNA polymerase and penton base genes. Phylogenetic analysis for the three regions of the genome provided strong evidence confirming GPAdV as a unique species in the genus Mastadenovirus. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the feasibility of propagating GPAdV in cultures of immortalized lines of GP cells of a variety of types, thus establishing a critical foundation for the development of a robust culture platform for virus stock production and titration. The generation and analysis of whole GPAdV genome sequences will provide additional data for a comprehensive description of the genetic organization of the viral genome and for a better assessment of genetic diversity between the two isolated strains.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 572
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag F1000 Research Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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