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  1. Article ; Online: Epigenetic and transcriptional responses in circulating leukocytes are associated with future decompensation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    McClain, Micah T / Zhbannikov, Ilya / Satterwhite, Lisa L / Henao, Ricardo / Giroux, Nicholas S / Ding, Shengli / Burke, Thomas W / Tsalik, Ephraim L / Nix, Christina / Balcazar, Jorge Prado / Petzold, Elizabeth A / Shen, Xiling / Woods, Christopher W

    iScience

    2023  Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 108288

    Abstract: To elucidate host response elements that define impending decompensation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we enrolled subjects hospitalized with COVID-19 who were matched for disease severity and comorbidities at the time of admission. We performed combined ... ...

    Abstract To elucidate host response elements that define impending decompensation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we enrolled subjects hospitalized with COVID-19 who were matched for disease severity and comorbidities at the time of admission. We performed combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at admission and compared subjects who improved from their moderate disease with those who later clinically decompensated and required invasive mechanical ventilation or died. Chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic immune profiles were markedly altered between the two groups, with strong signals in CD4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108288
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Epigenetic and transcriptional responses in circulating leukocytes are associated with future decompensation during SARS-CoV-2 infection

    Micah T. McClain / Ilya Zhbannikov / Lisa L. Satterwhite / Ricardo Henao / Nicholas S. Giroux / Shengli Ding / Thomas W. Burke / Ephraim L. Tsalik / Christina Nix / Jorge Prado Balcazar / Elizabeth A. Petzold / Xiling Shen / Christopher W. Woods

    iScience, Vol 27, Iss 1, Pp 108288- (2024)

    1481  

    Abstract: Summary: To elucidate host response elements that define impending decompensation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we enrolled subjects hospitalized with COVID-19 who were matched for disease severity and comorbidities at the time of admission. We performed ... ...

    Abstract Summary: To elucidate host response elements that define impending decompensation during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we enrolled subjects hospitalized with COVID-19 who were matched for disease severity and comorbidities at the time of admission. We performed combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at admission and compared subjects who improved from their moderate disease with those who later clinically decompensated and required invasive mechanical ventilation or died. Chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic immune profiles were markedly altered between the two groups, with strong signals in CD4+ T cells, inflammatory T cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells. Multiomic signature scores at admission were tightly associated with future clinical deterioration (auROC 1.0). Epigenetic and transcriptional changes in PBMCs reveal early, broad immune dysregulation before typical clinical signs of decompensation are apparent and thus may act as biomarkers to predict future severity in COVID-19.
    Keywords Health sciences ; Molecular mechanism of gene regulation ; Epigenetics ; Immune response ; Components of the immune system ; Virology ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Author Correction: Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.

    Giroux, Nicholas S / Ding, Shengli / McClain, Micah T / Burke, Thomas W / Petzold, Elizabeth / Chung, Hong A / Rivera, Grecia O / Wang, Ergang / Xi, Rui / Bose, Shree / Rotstein, Tomer / Nicholson, Bradly P / Chen, Tianyi / Henao, Ricardo / Sempowski, Gregory D / Denny, Thomas N / De Ussel, Maria Iglesias / Satterwhite, Lisa L / Ko, Emily R /
    Ginsburg, Geoffrey S / Kraft, Bryan D / Tsalik, Ephraim L / Shen, Xiling / Woods, Christopher W

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 6462

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-33323-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Exploring the dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Canada.

    Milwid, Rachael M / Li, Michael / Fazil, Aamir / Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu / Doyle, Carla M / Xia, Yiqing / Cox, Joseph / Grace, Daniel / Dvorakova, Milada / Walker, Steven C / Mishra, Sharmistha / Ogden, Nicholas H

    Journal of medical virology

    2023  Volume 95, Issue 12, Page(s) e29256

    Abstract: The 2022 mpox outbreak predominantly impacted gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM). Two models were developed to support situational awareness and management decisions in Canada. A compartmental model characterized epidemic drivers ... ...

    Abstract The 2022 mpox outbreak predominantly impacted gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM). Two models were developed to support situational awareness and management decisions in Canada. A compartmental model characterized epidemic drivers at national/provincial levels, while an agent-based model (ABM) assessed municipal-level impacts of vaccination. The models were parameterized and calibrated using empirical case and vaccination data between 2022 and 2023. The compartmental model explored: (1) the epidemic trajectory through community transmission, (2) the potential for transmission among non-gbMSM, and (3) impacts of vaccination and the proportion of gbMSM contributing to disease transmission. The ABM incorporated sexual-contact data and modeled: (1) effects of vaccine uptake on disease dynamics, and (2) impacts of case importation on outbreak resurgence. The calibrated, compartmental model followed the trajectory of the epidemic, which peaked in July 2022, and died out in December 2022. Most cases occurred among gbMSM, and epidemic trajectories were not consistent with sustained transmission among non-gbMSM. The ABM suggested that unprioritized vaccination strategies could increase the outbreak size by 47%, and that consistent importation (≥5 cases per 10 000) is necessary for outbreak resurgence. These models can inform time-sensitive situational awareness and policy decisions for similar future outbreaks.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Homosexuality, Male ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Canada/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.29256
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Machine learning-based predictive modeling of resilience to stressors in pregnant women during COVID-19: A prospective cohort study.

    Nichols, Emily S / Pathak, Harini S / Bgeginski, Roberta / Mottola, Michelle F / Giroux, Isabelle / Van Lieshout, Ryan J / Mohsenzadeh, Yalda / Duerden, Emma G

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) e0272862

    Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women have been at high risk for psychological distress. Lifestyle factors may be modifiable elements to help reduce and promote resilience to prenatal stress. We used Machine-Learning (ML) algorithms applied to ... ...

    Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women have been at high risk for psychological distress. Lifestyle factors may be modifiable elements to help reduce and promote resilience to prenatal stress. We used Machine-Learning (ML) algorithms applied to questionnaire data obtained from an international cohort of 804 pregnant women to determine whether physical activity and diet were resilience factors against prenatal stress, and whether stress levels were in turn predictive of sleep classes. A support vector machine accurately classified perceived stress levels in pregnant women based on physical activity behaviours and dietary behaviours. In turn, we classified hours of sleep based on perceived stress levels. This research adds to a developing consensus concerning physical activity and diet, and the association with prenatal stress and sleep in pregnant women. Predictive modeling using ML approaches may be used as a screening tool and to promote positive health behaviours for pregnant women.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Female ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Pandemics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology ; Pregnant Women/psychology ; Prospective Studies ; Stress, Psychological/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0272862
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Prenatal and postpartum maternal mental health and neonatal motor outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Papadopoulos, Alissa / Nichols, Emily S / Mohsenzadeh, Yalda / Giroux, Isabelle / Mottola, Michelle F / Van Lieshout, Ryan J / Duerden, Emma G

    Journal of affective disorders reports

    2022  Volume 10, Page(s) 100387

    Abstract: Background: Rates of prenatal and postpartum stress and depression in pregnant individuals have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perinatal maternal mental health has been linked to worse motor development in offspring, with motor deficits ... ...

    Abstract Background: Rates of prenatal and postpartum stress and depression in pregnant individuals have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perinatal maternal mental health has been linked to worse motor development in offspring, with motor deficits appearing in infancy and early childhood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between prenatal and postpartum stress and depression and motor outcome in infants born during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Methods: One hundred and seventeen participants completed an online prospective survey study at two timepoints: during pregnancy and within 2 months postpartum. Depression was self-reported using the Edinburgh Perinatal/Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and stress via the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Mothers reported total infant motor ability (fine and gross) using the interRAI 0-3 Developmental Domains questionnaire.
    Results: Prenatal (EPDS median=10.0, interquartile range[IQR]=6.0 - 14.0,
    Conclusions: Prenatal and postpartum depression, but not stress, was associated with early infant motor abilities. Preterm and low-birth weight infants whose mothers reported elevated depressive symptoms maybe at-risk of experiencing poor motor outcomes. These results highlight the importance of identifying pre- and postnatal maternal mental health issues, especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-9153
    ISSN (online) 2666-9153
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100387
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Mucosal-associated invariant T cell responses differ by sex in COVID-19.

    Yu, Chen / Littleton, Sejiro / Giroux, Nicholas S / Mathew, Rose / Ding, Shengli / Kalnitsky, Joan / Yang, Yuchen / Petzold, Elizabeth / Chung, Hong A / Rivera, Grecia O / Rotstein, Tomer / Xi, Rui / Ko, Emily R / Tsalik, Ephraim L / Sempowski, Gregory D / Denny, Thomas N / Burke, Thomas W / McClain, Micah T / Woods, Christopher W /
    Shen, Xiling / Saban, Daniel R

    Med (New York, N.Y.)

    2021  Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) 755–772.e5

    Abstract: Background: Sexual dimorphisms in immune responses contribute to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the mechanisms governing this disparity remain incompletely understood.: Methods: We carried out sex-balanced sampling of peripheral ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual dimorphisms in immune responses contribute to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the mechanisms governing this disparity remain incompletely understood.
    Methods: We carried out sex-balanced sampling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals with confirmed COVID-19, uninfected close contacts, and healthy control individuals for 36-color flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing.
    Findings: Our results revealed a pronounced reduction of circulating mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in infected females. Integration of published COVID-19 airway tissue datasets suggests that this reduction represented a major wave of MAIT cell extravasation during early infection in females. Moreover, MAIT cells from females possessed an immunologically active gene signature, whereas cells from males were pro-apoptotic.
    Conclusions: Our findings uncover a female-specific protective MAIT cell profile, potentially shedding light on reduced COVID-19 susceptibility in females.
    Funding: This work was supported by NIH/NIAID (U01AI066569 and UM1AI104681), the Defense Advanced Projects Agency (DARPA; N66001-09-C-2082 and HR0011-17-2-0069), the Veterans Affairs Health System, and Virology Quality Assurance (VQA; 75N93019C00015). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of the National Institutes of Health. COVID-19 samples were processed under Biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) with aerosol management enhancement or BSL-3 in the Duke Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, which received partial support for construction from NIH/NIAID (UC6AI058607).
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 2666-6340
    ISSN (online) 2666-6340
    DOI 10.1016/j.medj.2021.04.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.

    Giroux, Nicholas S / Ding, Shengli / McClain, Micah T / Burke, Thomas W / Petzold, Elizabeth / Chung, Hong A / Rivera, Grecia O / Wang, Ergang / Xi, Rui / Bose, Shree / Rotstein, Tomer / Nicholson, Bradly P / Chen, Tianyi / Henao, Ricardo / Sempowski, Gregory D / Denny, Thomas N / De Ussel, Maria Iglesias / Satterwhite, Lisa L / Ko, Emily R /
    Ginsburg, Geoffrey S / Kraft, Bryan D / Tsalik, Ephraim L / Shen, Xiling / Woods, Christopher

    Research square

    2022  

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease prior to anti-spike protein ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease prior to anti-spike protein IgG seroconversion has not been defined. We performed the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from outpatients with mild or moderate symptom severity at different stages of clinical illness. Early in the disease course prior to IgG seroconversion, modifications in chromatin accessibility associate with mild or moderate symptoms are already robust and include severity-associated changes in accessibility of genes in interleukin signaling, regulation of cell differentiation and cell morphology. Furthermore, single-cell analyses revealed evolution of the chromatin accessibility landscape and transcription factor motif accessibility for individual PBMC cell types over time. The most extensive remodeling occurred in CD14+ monocytes, where sub-populations with distinct chromatin accessibility profiles were observed prior to seroconversion. Mild symptom severity is marked by upregulation classical antiviral pathways including those regulating IRF1 and IRF7, whereas in moderate disease these classical antiviral signals diminish suggesting dysregulated and less effective responses. Together, these observations offer novel insight into the epigenome of early mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggest that detection of chromatin remodeling in early disease may offer promise for a new class of diagnostic tools for COVID-19.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1479864/v1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.

    Giroux, Nicholas S / Ding, Shengli / McClain, Micah T / Burke, Thomas W / Petzold, Elizabeth / Chung, Hong A / Rivera, Grecia O / Wang, Ergang / Xi, Rui / Bose, Shree / Rotstein, Tomer / Nicholson, Bradly P / Chen, Tianyi / Henao, Ricardo / Sempowski, Gregory D / Denny, Thomas N / De Ussel, Maria Iglesias / Satterwhite, Lisa L / Ko, Emily R /
    Ginsburg, Geoffrey S / Kraft, Bryan D / Tsalik, Ephraim L / Shen, Xiling / Woods, Christopher W

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 11714

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease prior to anti-spike protein ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease prior to anti-spike protein IgG seroconversion has not been defined. We performed the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from outpatients with mild or moderate symptom severity at different stages of clinical illness. Early in the disease course prior to IgG seroconversion, modifications in chromatin accessibility associated with mild or moderate symptoms were already robust and included severity-associated changes in accessibility of genes in interleukin signaling, regulation of cell differentiation and cell morphology. Furthermore, single-cell analyses revealed evolution of the chromatin accessibility landscape and transcription factor motif accessibility for individual PBMC cell types over time. The most extensive remodeling occurred in CD14+ monocytes, where sub-populations with distinct chromatin accessibility profiles were observed prior to seroconversion. Mild symptom severity was marked by upregulation of classical antiviral pathways, including those regulating IRF1 and IRF7, whereas in moderate disease, these classical antiviral signals diminished, suggesting dysregulated and less effective responses. Together, these observations offer novel insight into the epigenome of early mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggest that detection of chromatin remodeling in early disease may offer promise for a new class of diagnostic tools for COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents ; COVID-19/genetics ; Chromatin/genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/genetics ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroconversion ; Severity of Illness Index
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Chromatin ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-15668-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: fastMitoCalc: an ultra-fast program to estimate mitochondrial DNA copy number from whole-genome sequences.

    Qian, Yong / Butler, Thomas J / Opsahl-Ong, Krista / Giroux, Nicholas S / Sidore, Carlo / Nagaraja, Ramaiah / Cucca, Francesco / Ferrucci, Luigi / Abecasis, Gonçalo R / Schlessinger, David / Ding, Jun

    Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)

    2017  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1422668-6
    ISSN 1367-4811 ; 1367-4803
    ISSN (online) 1367-4811
    ISSN 1367-4803
    DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw835
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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