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Article ; Online: Diversitätsfaktoren in der Gastroenterologie.

Hof, Teresa / Thimme, Robert / Hasselblatt, Peter

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

2023 Volume 148, Issue 9, Page(s) 519–527

Abstract: Factors related to patient diversity may play a major role in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of intestinal and liver diseases and should be considered during diagnostic workup and therapeutic decisions. Here we discuss how diversity factors ... ...

Title translation	Diversity in gastroenterology - A focus on inflammatory bowel diseases.
Abstract	Factors related to patient diversity may play a major role in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of intestinal and liver diseases and should be considered during diagnostic workup and therapeutic decisions. Here we discuss how diversity factors such as gender, ethnicity, age and socioeconomic parameters may affect the manifestation and disease course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, i.e. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis). Consideration of such factors may help to pave the path towards personalized medicine approaches in clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Gastroenterology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy ; Crohn Disease/therapy
Language	German
Publishing date	2023-04-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	200446-x
ISSN	1439-4413 ; 0012-0472
ISSN (online)	1439-4413
ISSN	0012-0472
DOI	10.1055/a-1892-4878
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Article ; Online: Enhancing the brain MRI at ultra-high field systems using a meta-array structure.

Alipour, Akbar / Seifert, Alan C / Delman, Bradley N / Hof, Patrick R / Fayad, Zahi A / Balchandani, Priti

Medical physics

2023 Volume 50, Issue 12, Page(s) 7606–7618

Abstract: Background: The main advantage of ultra-high field (UHF) magnetic resonance neuroimaging is theincreased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared with lower field strength imaging. However, the wavelength effect associated with UHF MRI results in ... ...

Abstract	Background: The main advantage of ultra-high field (UHF) magnetic resonance neuroimaging is theincreased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared with lower field strength imaging. However, the wavelength effect associated with UHF MRI results in radiofrequency (RF) inhomogeneity, compromising whole brain coverage for many commercial coils. Approaches to resolving this issue of transmit field inhomogeneity include the design of parallel transmit systems (PTx), RF pulse design, and applying passive RF shimming such as high dielectric materials. However, these methods have some drawbacks such as unstable material parameters of dielectric pads, high-cost, and complexity of PTx systems. Metasurfaces are artificial structures with a unique platform that can control the propagation of the electromagnetic (EM) waves, and they are very promising for engineering EM device. Implementation of meta-arrays enhancing MRI has been explored previously in several studies. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of new meta-array technology on enhancing the brain MRI at 7T. A meta-array based on a hybrid structure consisting of an array of broadside-coupled split-ring resonators and high-permittivity materials was designed to work at the Larmor frequency of a 7 Tesla (7T) MRI scanner. When placed behind the head and neck, this construct improves the SNR in the region of the cerebellum,brainstem and the inferior aspect of the temporal lobes. Methods: Numerical electromagnetic simulations were performed to optimize the meta-array design parameters and determine the RF circuit configuration. The resultant transmit-efficiency and signal sensitivity improvements were experimentally analyzed in phantoms followed by healthy volunteers using a 7T whole-body MRI scanner equipped with a standard one-channel transmit, 32-channel receive head coil. Efficacy was evaluated through acquisition with and without the meta-array using two basic sequences: gradient-recalled-echo (GRE) and turbo-spin-echo (TSE). Results: Experimental phantom analysis confirmed two-fold improvement in the transmit efficiency and 1.4-fold improvement in the signal sensitivity in the target region. In vivo GRE and TSE images with the meta-array in place showed enhanced visualization in inferior regions of the brain, especially of the cerebellum, brainstem, and cervical spinal cord. Conclusion: Addition of the meta-array to commonly used MRI coils can enhance SNR to extend the anatomical coverage of the coil and improve overall MRI coil performance. This enhancement in SNR can be leveraged to obtain a higher resolution image over the same time slot or faster acquisition can be achieved with same resolution. Using this technique could improve the performance of existing commercial coils at 7T for whole brain and other applications.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Stem ; Head ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Radio Waves ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Equipment Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188780-4
ISSN	2473-4209 ; 0094-2405
ISSN (online)	2473-4209
ISSN	0094-2405
DOI	10.1002/mp.16801
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Article ; Online: Erfolgreiche Therapie einer idiopathischen postinfantilen Riesenzellhepatitis mit einem Calcineurininhibitor.

Hof, Teresa / Flohr, Felix / Thimme, Robert / Kurz, Philipp / Thiel, Jens

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

2021 Volume 146, Issue 3, Page(s) 193–197

Abstract: Introduction: Postinfantile giant cell hepatitis is a rare entity in adult hepatopathy caused by various etiologies that can be summarized by their characteristic giant cells in histopathologic examination. Frequently, association with autoimmune, ... ...

Title translation	A case of idiopathic postinfantile giant cell hepatitis treated with a calcineurin inhibitor.
Abstract	Introduction: Postinfantile giant cell hepatitis is a rare entity in adult hepatopathy caused by various etiologies that can be summarized by their characteristic giant cells in histopathologic examination. Frequently, association with autoimmune, infectious and hepatotoxic events is described. Therefore, therapy consists in treatment of underlying diseases and immunosuppression. History: We saw an 76-year-old patient due to histologically proven Postinfantile giant cell hepatitis. Despite administering budesonid as an initial attempt of treatment, no improvement in hepatitis was achieved. Hence, the patient was forwarded to us. Findings: Neither regarding the patient's history nor in laboratory and serological tests, nor in histopathological analysis of liver biopsies an underlying cause of giant cell hepatitis was identified. Therapy and course: Despite immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticoids alone, cyclophosphamide and a monoclonal anti-CD20-antibody, giant cell hepatitis was not controlled. Hence, we started treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor Tacrolimus combined with low-dose prednisolone and thus were able to lower patient's liver values and stabilize hepatitis. Conclusion: The good effectiveness of tacrolimus in our patient underlines the important role of calcineurin inhibitors in treating Postinfantile giant cell hepatitis, although rarely reported to date.
Language	German
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	200446-x
ISSN	1439-4413 ; 0012-0472
ISSN (online)	1439-4413
ISSN	0012-0472
DOI	10.1055/a-1323-5057
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Article ; Online: Reduced cortical neuron number and neuron density in schizophrenia with focus on area 24: a post-mortem case-control study.

Gaus, Richard / Popal, Melanie / Heinsen, Helmut / Schmitt, Andrea / Falkai, Peter / Hof, Patrick R / Schmitz, Christoph / Vollhardt, Alisa

European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience

2022 Volume 273, Issue 6, Page(s) 1209–1223

Abstract: ... alterations, with lower mean total neuron number in CGM (- 14.9%, P = 0.007) and in layer V of area 24 (- 21.1 ... P = 0.002), and lower mean total number of VENs (- 28.3%, P = 0.027). These data provide evidence ...

Abstract	Structural and functional abnormalities of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) have frequently been identified in schizophrenia. Alterations of von Economo neurons (VENs), a class of specialized projection neurons, have been found in different neuropsychiatric disorders and are also suspected in schizophrenia. To date, however, no definitive conclusions can be drawn about quantitative histologic changes in the ACC in schizophrenia because of a lack of rigorous, design-based stereologic studies. In the present study, the volume, total neuron number and total number of VENs in layer V of area 24 were determined in both hemispheres of postmortem brains from 12 male patients with schizophrenia and 11 age-matched male controls. To distinguish global from local effects, volume and total neuron number were also determined in the whole area 24 and whole cortical gray matter (CGM). Measurements were adjusted for hemisphere, age, postmortem interval and fixation time using an ANCOVA model. Compared to controls, patients with schizophrenia showed alterations, with lower mean total neuron number in CGM (- 14.9%, P = 0.007) and in layer V of area 24 (- 21.1%, P = 0.002), and lower mean total number of VENs (- 28.3%, P = 0.027). These data provide evidence for ACC involvement in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and complement neuroimaging findings of impaired ACC connectivity in schizophrenia. Furthermore, these results support the hypothesis that the clinical presentation of schizophrenia, particularly deficits in social cognition, is associated with pathology of VENs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Gyrus Cinguli/diagnostic imaging ; Gyrus Cinguli/pathology ; Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging ; Schizophrenia/pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Neurons/pathology ; Brain/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-09
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1045583-8
ISSN	1433-8491 ; 0175-758X ; 0940-1334
ISSN (online)	1433-8491
ISSN	0175-758X ; 0940-1334
DOI	10.1007/s00406-022-01513-6
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Article: ApoE Alzheimer's Disease Aβ-amyloid plaque morphology varies according to APOE isotype.

Caesar, Ina / Nilsson, K Peter R / Hammarstrom, Per / Lindgren, Mikael / Prokop, Stefan / Heppner, Frank L / Schmeidler, James / Haroutunian, Vahram / Holtzman, David M / Hof, Patrick R / Gandy, Sam

Research square

2023

Abstract: ... fluorescence imaging with an amyloidspecific, conformation-sensing probe, p-FTAA, to elucidate protein aggregate ...

Abstract	Background: The apolipoprotein E ( Methods: We have employed hyperspectral fluorescence imaging with an amyloidspecific, conformation-sensing probe, p-FTAA, to elucidate protein aggregate structure and morphology in fresh frozen prefrontal cortex samples from human postmortem AD brain tissue samples from patients homozygous for either Results: As expected Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that one mechanism by which the
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-2524641/v1
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Article ; Online: Determining the Functional Oligomeric State of Membrane-Associated Protein Oligomers Forming Membrane Pores on Giant Lipid Vesicles.

Singh, Vandana / Macharová, Sabína / Riegerová, Petra / Steringer, Julia P / Müller, Hans-Michael / Lolicato, Fabio / Nickel, Walter / Hof, Martin / Šachl, Radek

Analytical chemistry

2023 Volume 95, Issue 23, Page(s) 8807–8815

Abstract: Several peripheral membrane proteins are known to form membrane pores through multimerization. In many cases, in biochemical reconstitution experiments, a complex distribution of oligomeric states has been observed that may, in part, be irrelevant to ... ...

Abstract	Several peripheral membrane proteins are known to form membrane pores through multimerization. In many cases, in biochemical reconstitution experiments, a complex distribution of oligomeric states has been observed that may, in part, be irrelevant to their physiological functions. This phenomenon makes it difficult to identify the functional oligomeric states of membrane lipid interacting proteins, for example, during the formation of transient membrane pores. Using fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) as an example, we present a methodology applicable to giant lipid vesicles by which functional oligomers can be distinguished from nonspecifically aggregated proteins without functionality. Two distinct populations of fibroblast growth factor 2 were identified with (i) dimers to hexamers and (ii) a broad population of higher oligomeric states of membrane-associated FGF2 oligomers significantly distorting the original unfiltered histogram of all detectable oligomeric species of FGF2. The presented statistical approach is relevant for various techniques for characterizing membrane-dependent protein oligomerization.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/metabolism ; Membranes ; Lipids ; Protein Multimerization
Chemical Substances	Membrane Proteins ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (103107-01-3) ; Lipids
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1508-8
ISSN	1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
ISSN (online)	1520-6882
ISSN	0003-2700
DOI	10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05692
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Article ; Online: Mortality following elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in women.

Tedjawirja, V N / Alberga, A J / Hof, M H P / Vahl, A C / Koelemay, M J W / Balm, R

The British journal of surgery

2022 Volume 109, Issue 4, Page(s) 340–345

Abstract: Background: Previous studies have focused on patient-related risk factors to explain the higher mortality risk in women undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hospital-related factors ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies have focused on patient-related risk factors to explain the higher mortality risk in women undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hospital-related factors influence outcomes following AAA repair in women. Methods: Patients undergoing elective AAA repair in 61 hospitals in the Netherlands were identified from the Dutch Surgical Aneurysm Audit registry (2013-2018). A mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of sex on in-hospital and/or 30-day mortality. This analysis accounted for possible correlation of outcomes among patients who were treated in the same hospital, by adding a hospital-specific random effect to the statistical model. The analysis adjusted for patient-related risk factors and hospital volume of open surgical repair (OSR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Results: Some 12 034 patients were included in the analysis. The mortality rate was higher in women than among men: 53 of 1780 (3.0 per cent) versus 152 of 10 254 (1.5 per cent) respectively. Female sex was significantly associated with mortality after correction for patient- and hospital-related factors (odds ratio 1.68, 95 per cent c.i. 1.20 to 2.37). OSR volume was associated with lower mortality (OR 0.91 (0.85 to 0.95) per 10-procedure increase) whereas no such relationship was identified with EVAR volume (OR 1.03 (1.01 to 1.05) per 10-procedure increase). Conclusion: Women are at higher risk of death after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair irrespective of patient- and hospital-related factors.
MeSH term(s)	Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods ; Elective Surgical Procedures/methods ; Endovascular Procedures/methods ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2985-3
ISSN	1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
ISSN (online)	1365-2168
ISSN	0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
DOI	10.1093/bjs/znab465
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Article ; Online: Feasibility and uptake of a digital mental health intervention for depression among Lebanese and Syrian displaced people in Lebanon: a qualitative study.

Abi Ramia, Jinane / Abi Hana, Racha / Noun, Philip / Cuijpers, Pim / Carswell, Kenneth / Van't Hof, Edith / Heim, Eva / Zoghbi, Edwina / Sijbrandij, Marit / El Chammay, Rabih

Frontiers in public health

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) 1293187

Abstract: Introduction: Digital interventions are increasingly regarded as a potential solution for the inaccessibility of mental health treatment across low-and-middle-income settings, especially for common mental disorders. Step-by-Step (SbS) is a digital, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Digital interventions are increasingly regarded as a potential solution for the inaccessibility of mental health treatment across low-and-middle-income settings, especially for common mental disorders. Step-by-Step (SbS) is a digital, guided self-help intervention for depression found effective in two Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) in Lebanon. For research implementation and further scale-up, this paper reports the results of a qualitative evaluation of SbS among the Lebanese and others and displaced Syrians in Lebanon. Methods: Thirty-four Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were executed with participants of the RCTs, SbS staff members, and external stakeholders. Questions garnered feedback about the feasibility, acceptability, enabling factors, and barriers to adhering to the research, implementation, and the SbS intervention. A thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo, and key themes, topics, and recommendations, on research methods and the intervention itself, were generated and reported. Results: Results showed a high level of acceptability of SbS among Lebanese and Syrians and identified sub-groups for whom acceptance or use might be lower, such as older adults and people with limited access to the internet or smartphones. Furthermore, interviews identified the main enabling factors and barriers to adherence related to the research design, content, and delivery approach. Barriers related to feasibility included lengthy assessments as part of the RCTs, and mistrust related to delays in study compensations. Other common challenges were forgetting login credentials, poor internet connection, being busy and competing needs. Enabling factors and best practices included motivating participants to use the intervention through the weekly support provided by helpers, setting an oral contract for commitment, and dividing the compensations into several installments as part of the RCTs. Recommendations regarding sustainability were given. Discussion: The findings show that overall, SbS is feasible, acceptable, and much needed in Lebanon among the Lebanese and Syrians. This assessment identifies reasons for low adherence to the research and the intervention and presents improvement solutions. Recommendations generated in this paper inform the upscale of SbS and the planning, design, and implementation of future digital interventions in research and service provision settings in the mental health field.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Humans ; Depression/therapy ; Feasibility Studies ; Lebanon ; Mental Health ; Middle Eastern People ; Syria ; Digital Health ; Qualitative Research ; Refugees/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1293187
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Article ; Online: Global change impacts on bird biodiversity in South Asia

Imran Khaliq / Matthias Biber / Diana E. Bowler / Christian Hof

PeerJ, Vol 11, p e

potential effects of future land-use and climate change on avian species richness in Pakistan

2023 Volume 16212

Abstract: Evaluating the impact of future changes in land-use and climate on species communities, especially species richness, is one of the most important challenges of current research in ecology and conservation. The impact of environmental changes on species ... ...

Abstract	Evaluating the impact of future changes in land-use and climate on species communities, especially species richness, is one of the most important challenges of current research in ecology and conservation. The impact of environmental changes on species richness depends on its sensitivity (i.e., how strongly a given level of change influences the ecological community) and its exposure (i.e., the amount of change that occurs). To examine the sensitivity, exposure, and potential impact of future environmental conditions on bird communities, we compiled data on bird species richness for Pakistan—a neglected region in macro- or country-scale studies. Since bird species richness strongly varies across seasons due to the seasonal occurrence of migratory species in winter, we compared both wintering (migratory plus resident species) and breeding (resident species only) bird richness. We found breeding and wintering species richness to be sensitive to temperature, precipitation and rainfed cropland by being positively related to these factors. Exposure varied regionally, with projected temperature changes being most profound in northern regions while the strongest projected precipitation changes occurred in central and southern regions. The projected impact of future environmental change were highly heterogeneous across the country and differed between the wintering and breeding communities. Overall, the most negatively impacted region was projected to be the Khyber Pakhtunkha province in the North of Pakistan, due to reductions in precipitation and rainfed cropland, resulting in a projected negative impact, especially on wintering species richness. By highlighting the regional and seasonal bird communities most at risk, our findings provide useful information for policy makers to help devise new policies for mitigating negative impacts of future environmental changes on birds within Pakistan.
Keywords	Species richness ; Birds ; Climate change ; Land-use ; Pakistan ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Long-term outcomes, quality of life, and costs of treatment modalities for T1-T2 lip carcinomas.

van Hof, Kira S / Wakkee, Marlies / Sewnaik, Aniel / Herkendaal, Aimée F / Tans, Lisa / Mast, Hetty / van den Bos, Renate R / Mureau, Marc A M / Offerman, Marinella P J / Baatenburg de Jong, Robert J

Oral diseases

2023

Abstract: Purpose: Early stage lip squamous cell carcinoma (lip SCC) can be treated with conventional excision, Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), or brachytherapy. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the medical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, ...

Abstract	Purpose: Early stage lip squamous cell carcinoma (lip SCC) can be treated with conventional excision, Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), or brachytherapy. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the medical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, and costs of these treatments. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of T1-T2 lip SSCs treated between 1996 and 2019. Medical outcomes, recurrences, and survival were retrieved from medical records. Facial appearance, facial function, and Quality of Life (QoL) were measured with the Face-Q H&N and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires. Costs were also calculated. Results: Of the 336 lip SCCs, 122 were treated with excision, 139 with MMS, and 75 with brachytherapy. Locally, the recurrence rate was 2.7% and regionally 4.8%. There were 2% disease-related deaths. T2-stage and poor tumor differentiation were associated with recurrences. Posttreatment QoL, facial function, and appearance were rated as good. Brachytherapy was the most expensive treatment modality. Conclusion: Early-stage lip SCC has a good prognosis, with a disease-specific survival of 98.2% after a median follow-up of 36 months, there was a high QoL and satisfaction at long-term follow-up. Based on the costs and the risk of locoregional recurrences, we believe that, for most noncomplex lip SCCs, MMS would be the most logical treatment option.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-31
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1290529-x
ISSN	1601-0825 ; 1354-523X
ISSN (online)	1601-0825
ISSN	1354-523X
DOI	10.1111/odi.14723
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