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  1. Book ; Online: Phylogenomic, Biogeographic, and Evolutionary Research Trends in Arachnology

    Kuntner, Matjaž / Kuntner, Matjaž

    2022  

    Keywords Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical) ; BioGeoBEARS ; Caatinga ; dispersal ; Galapagos ; Neotropical ; speciation ; spiders ; tropical dry forests ; vicariance ; coin spider ; Nephilidae ; phylogenomics ; biogeography ; dispersal probability ; Arthropoda ; circular reasoning ; investigator bias ; paleontology ; Arachnida ; tissue ; X-rays ; micro-CT ; cerebrum ; nervous system ; neuroanatomy ; imaging ; Araneae ; biodiversity ; community ecology ; elevation ; Pantepui ; species turnover ; Tetragnatha ; dynamic disperser ; intermediate dispersal model of biogeography ; GAARlandia ; Tetragnathidae ; taxonomy ; taxonomic crisis ; species concepts ; data management ; monographic research ; molecular phylogeny ; divergence time ; relict group ; Linyphiidae ; phylogeny ; Caribbean biogeography ; arachnid ; araneae ; Micrathena ; long distance dispersal ; distribution ; diversity ; Salticidae ; target sequencing ; reduced representation sequencing (RRS) ; spider phylogenomics ; deep phylogeny ; molecular dating ; ancestral range analysis ; endemics ; founder-event ; intermediate dispersal model ; n/a
    Language 0|e
    Size 1 electronic resource (256 pages)
    Publisher MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publishing place Basel
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021610511
    ISBN 9783036541662 ; 3036541667
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Phylogenomic, Biogeographic, and Evolutionary Research Trends in Arachnology

    Matjaž Kuntner

    Diversity, Vol 14, Iss 347, p

    2022  Volume 347

    Abstract: Textbook knowledge tells us that arachnids are a hyper diverse clade of chelicerates that have taken on terrestrial lifestyles [.] ...

    Abstract Textbook knowledge tells us that arachnids are a hyper diverse clade of chelicerates that have taken on terrestrial lifestyles [.]
    Keywords n/a ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Discovering unknown Madagascar biodiversity: integrative taxonomy of raft spiders (Pisauridae:

    Yu, Kuang-Ping / Kuntner, Matjaž

    PeerJ

    2024  Volume 12, Page(s) e16781

    Abstract: Madagascar is a global biodiversity hotspot, but its biodiversity continues to be underestimated and understudied. Of raft spiders, ... ...

    Abstract Madagascar is a global biodiversity hotspot, but its biodiversity continues to be underestimated and understudied. Of raft spiders, genus
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Male ; Biodiversity ; Madagascar ; Spiders/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703241-3
    ISSN 2167-8359 ; 2167-8359
    ISSN (online) 2167-8359
    ISSN 2167-8359
    DOI 10.7717/peerj.16781
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Jumping spider invades an orb web to prey on a resident male

    Kuntner, Matjaž / Kuntner, Eva / Kuntner, Maj / Kuntner, Irena / Li, Daiqin

    Ecosphere. 2023 July, v. 14, no. 7 p.e4595-

    2023  

    Abstract: While surveying operational sex ratios of the giant golden orb weaver Nephila pilipes (Fabricius, 1793) in Singapore, we documented a stunning case of predatory behavior of a jumping spider Viciria pavesii Thorell, 1877. A female V. pavesii invaded a N. ... ...

    Abstract While surveying operational sex ratios of the giant golden orb weaver Nephila pilipes (Fabricius, 1793) in Singapore, we documented a stunning case of predatory behavior of a jumping spider Viciria pavesii Thorell, 1877. A female V. pavesii invaded a N. pilipes orb web that was occupied by the resident female and four males, and successfully captured, killed, and removed one of the Nephila males. Whether araneophagy in V. pavesii is opportunistic or a predatory ritual remains to be tested more precisely, but because the observed predatory event triggered an aggressive response by the N. pilipes alpha male, it is plausible that V. pavesii may engage in aggressive mimicry. We place our observation into the context of jumping spider cognition and behavioral tactics that are so far well understood only in a few spartaeine genera, notably Portia Karsch, 1878. Viciria Thorell, 1877, we argue, is another such jumping spider taxon worthy of behavioral scrutiny.
    Keywords Nephila pilipes ; Portia ; Singapore ; cognition ; females ; males ; predation ; spiders
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2572257-8
    ISSN 2150-8925
    ISSN 2150-8925
    DOI 10.1002/ecs2.4595
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Sex-specific trait architecture in a spider with sexual size dimorphism.

    Kralj-Fišer, Simona / Kuntner, Matjaž / Debes, Paul Vincent

    Journal of evolutionary biology

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 10, Page(s) 1428–1437

    Abstract: Sexual dimorphism, or sex-specific trait expression, may evolve when selection favours different optima for the same trait between sexes, that is, under antagonistic selection. Intra-locus sexual conflict exists when the sexually dimorphic trait under ... ...

    Abstract Sexual dimorphism, or sex-specific trait expression, may evolve when selection favours different optima for the same trait between sexes, that is, under antagonistic selection. Intra-locus sexual conflict exists when the sexually dimorphic trait under antagonistic selection is based on genes shared between sexes. A common assumption is that the presence of sexual-size dimorphism (SSD) indicates that sexual conflict has been, at least partly, resolved via decoupling of the trait architecture between sexes. However, whether and how decoupling of the trait architecture between sexes has been realized often remains unknown. We tested for differences in architecture of adult body size between sexes in a species with extreme SSD, the African hermit spider (Nephilingis cruentata), where adult female body size greatly exceeds that of males. Specifically, we estimated the sex-specific importance of genetic and maternal effects on adult body size among individuals that we laboratory-reared for up to eight generations. Quantitative genetic model estimates indicated that size variation in females is to a larger extent explained by direct genetic effects than by maternal effects, but in males to a larger extent by maternal than by genetic effects. We conclude that this sex-specific body-size architecture enables body-size evolution to proceed much more independently than under a common architecture to both sexes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1465318-7
    ISSN 1420-9101 ; 1010-061X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9101
    ISSN 1010-061X
    DOI 10.1111/jeb.14217
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A spider mating plug functions to protect sperm.

    Jiang, He / Zhan, Yongjia / Wu, Qingqing / Zhang, Huitao / Kuntner, Matjaž / Tu, Lihong

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0301290

    Abstract: Mating plugs in animals are ubiquitous and are commonly interpreted to be products of mating strategies. In spiders, however, mating plugs may also take on functions beyond female remating prevention. Due to the vagaries of female genital (spermathecal) ... ...

    Abstract Mating plugs in animals are ubiquitous and are commonly interpreted to be products of mating strategies. In spiders, however, mating plugs may also take on functions beyond female remating prevention. Due to the vagaries of female genital (spermathecal) anatomy, most spiders face the problem of having to secure additional, non-anatomical, protection for transferred sperm. Here, we test the hypothesis that mating plugs, rather than (or in addition to) being adaptations for mating strategies, may serve as sperm protection mechanism. Based on a comparative study on 411 epigyna sampled from 36 families, 187 genera, 330 species of entelegyne spiders, our results confirm the necessity of a sperm protection mechanism. We divided the entelegyne spermathecae into four types: SEG, SED, SCG and SCD. We also studied detailed morphology of epigynal tracts in the spider Diphya wulingensis having the SEG type spermathecae, using 3D-reconstruction based on semi thin histological series section. In this species, we hypothesize that two distinct types of mating plug, the sperm plug and the secretion plug, serve different functions. Morphological details support this: sperm plugs are formed on a modified spermathecal wall by the spilled sperm, and function as a temporary protection mechanism to prevent sperm from leaking and desiccating, while secretion plugs function in postcopulation both as a permanent protection mechanism, and to prevent additional mating. Furthermore, with the modified spermathecal wall of S2 stalk, the problem of shunt of sperm input and output, and the possibility of female multiple mating have been resolved. Variation in spermathecal morphology also suggests that the problem of sperm protection might be resolved in different ways in spiders. Considering mating plugs of varying shapes and origins in the vast morphospace of spiders, we conclude that mating plugs might serve different purposes that relate both to mating strategies, as well as to sperm protection.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Male ; Female ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Spiders/anatomy & histology ; Semen ; Reproduction ; Spermatozoa
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0301290
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The new Australian leaf-curling orb-weaving spider genus Leviana (Araneae, Araneidae)

    Framenau, Volker W. / Kuntner, Matjaž

    Evolutionary Systematics. 2022 July 13, v. 6, no. 2 p.103-133

    2022  

    Abstract: AbstractThe new Australian orb-weaving spider genus Leviana gen. nov. is described to include five species, all known from both sexes: Leviana dimidiata (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (type species) (= Epeira sylvicola Rainbow, 1897 syn. nov.), L. ... ...

    Abstract AbstractThe new Australian orb-weaving spider genus Leviana gen. nov. is described to include five species, all known from both sexes: Leviana dimidiata (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (type species) (= Epeira sylvicola Rainbow, 1897 syn. nov.), L. cincinnata sp. nov., L. folium sp. nov., L. minima sp. nov. and L. mulieraria (Keyserling, 1887) comb. nov. Male pedipalp morphology, specifically the presence of a single patella spine and the median apophysis forming an arch over the radix, place Leviana gen. nov. in the informal Australian ‘backobourkiine’ clade; however, the genus differs from all other genera of this group by the presence of a spine inside the basal median apophysis arch of the male pedipalp, an epigyne that is wider than long with a scape that is approximately as long as the epigyne (but often broken off) and a lack of humeral humps on the elongate ovoid abdomen. In addition, unlike any other backobourkiine, Leviana gen. nov. incorporate a rolled leaf as retreat into the periphery of their web. Leviana gen. nov. species exhibit only a moderate sexual size dimorphism with female to male ratios between 1.3 and 1.7. Leviana gen. nov. occurs in eastern Australia from northern Queensland in the north to Victoria in the south, with a single tropical species, L. mulieraria comb. nov., spreading into northern Western Australia.
    Keywords Araneidae ; abdomen ; females ; leaves ; males ; sexual dimorphism ; Queensland ; Western Australia ; Taxonomy ; systematics ; backobourkiines ; new genus ; leaf retreat
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0713
    Size p. 103-133.
    Publishing place Pensoft Publishers
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2535-0730
    DOI 10.3897/evolsyst.6.83573
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Preface to the section of the Proceedings of the 27th European Congress of Arachnology, Ljubljana, 2012 Sept. 2-7

    Kuntner, Matjaz

    Arachnologische Mitteilungen, Vol 45, Pp 1-

    2013  Volume 3

    Abstract: Preface to the section of the Proceedings of the 27th European Congress of Arachnology, Ljubljana, 2012 Sept. 2- ... ...

    Abstract Preface to the section of the Proceedings of the 27th European Congress of Arachnology, Ljubljana, 2012 Sept. 2-7
    Keywords Preface ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Language German
    Publishing date 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Arachnologische Gesellschaft (ARAGES)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Spider webs as eDNA samplers: Biodiversity assessment across the tree of life.

    Gregorič, Matjaž / Kutnjak, Denis / Bačnik, Katarina / Gostinčar, Cene / Pecman, Anja / Ravnikar, Maja / Kuntner, Matjaž

    Molecular ecology resources

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 7, Page(s) 2534–2545

    Abstract: The concept of environmental DNA (eDNA) utilizes nucleic acids of organisms directly from the environment. Recent breakthrough studies have successfully detected a wide spectrum of prokaryotic and eukaryotic eDNA from a variety of environments, ranging ... ...

    Abstract The concept of environmental DNA (eDNA) utilizes nucleic acids of organisms directly from the environment. Recent breakthrough studies have successfully detected a wide spectrum of prokaryotic and eukaryotic eDNA from a variety of environments, ranging from ancient to modern, and from terrestrial to aquatic. With their diversity and ubiquity in nature, spider webs might act as powerful biofilters and could thus represent a promising new source of eDNA, but their utility under natural field conditions is severely understudied. Here, we bridge this knowledge gap to establish spider webs as a source of eDNA with far reaching implications. First, we conducted a field study to track specific arthropod targets from different spider webs. We then used high-throughput amplicon sequencing of taxonomic barcodes to investigate the utility of spider web eDNA for biodiversity monitoring of animals, fungi and bacteria. Our results show that genetic remains on spider webs allow the detection of even the smallest target organisms. We also demonstrate that eDNA from spider webs is useful in research of community compositions across the different domains of life, with potentially highly detailed temporal and spatial information.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biodiversity ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods ; DNA, Environmental ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Spiders/genetics
    Chemical Substances DNA, Environmental
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2406833-0
    ISSN 1755-0998 ; 1755-098X
    ISSN (online) 1755-0998
    ISSN 1755-098X
    DOI 10.1111/1755-0998.13629
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Exploring diversification drivers in golden orbweavers.

    Turk, Eva / Kralj-Fišer, Simona / Kuntner, Matjaž

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 9248

    Abstract: Heterogeneity in species diversity is driven by the dynamics of speciation and extinction, potentially influenced by organismal and environmental factors. Here, we explore macroevolutionary trends on a phylogeny of golden orbweavers (spider family ... ...

    Abstract Heterogeneity in species diversity is driven by the dynamics of speciation and extinction, potentially influenced by organismal and environmental factors. Here, we explore macroevolutionary trends on a phylogeny of golden orbweavers (spider family Nephilidae). Our initial inference detects heterogeneity in speciation and extinction, with accelerated extinction rates in the extremely sexually size dimorphic Nephila and accelerated speciation in Herennia, a lineage defined by highly derived, arboricolous webs, and pronounced island endemism. We evaluate potential drivers of this heterogeneity that relate to organisms and their environment. Primarily, we test two continuous organismal factors for correlation with diversification in nephilids: phenotypic extremeness (female and male body length, and sexual size dimorphism as their ratio) and dispersal propensity (through range sizes as a proxy). We predict a bell-shaped relationship between factor values and speciation, with intermediate phenotypes exhibiting highest diversification rates. Analyses using SSE-class models fail to support our two predictions, suggesting that phenotypic extremeness and dispersal propensity cannot explain patterns of nephilid diversification. Furthermore, two environmental factors (tropical versus subtropical and island versus continental species distribution) indicate only marginal support for higher speciation in the tropics. Although our results may be affected by methodological limitations imposed by a relatively small phylogeny, it seems that the tested organismal and environmental factors play little to no role in nephilid diversification. In the phylogeny of golden orbweavers, the recent hypothesis of universal diversification dynamics may be the simplest explanation of macroevolutionary patterns.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biological Evolution ; Body Size ; Extinction, Biological ; Genetic Speciation ; Phylogeny ; Sex Characteristics ; Spiders/genetics ; Spiders/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-88555-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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