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Article ; Online: Prospective Evaluation of a Practical Guideline for Managing Positive Sterility Test Results in Cell Therapy Products.

Panch, Sandhya R / Bikkani, Thejaswi / Vargas, Vanessa / Procter, Jolynn / Atkins, James W / Guptill, Virginia / Frank, Karen M / Lau, Anna F / Stroncek, David F

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation

2018 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 172–178

Abstract: Product safety assurance is crucial for the clinical use of manufactured cellular therapies. A rational approach for delivering products that fail release criteria (because of potentially false-positive sterility results) is important to avoid ... ...

Abstract	Product safety assurance is crucial for the clinical use of manufactured cellular therapies. A rational approach for delivering products that fail release criteria (because of potentially false-positive sterility results) is important to avoid unwarranted wastage of highly personalized and costly therapies in critically ill patients where benefits may outweigh risk. Accurate and timely interpretation of microbial sterility assays represents a major challenge in cell therapies. We developed a systematic protocol for the assessment of positive microbial sterility test results using retrospective data from 2007 to 2016. This protocol was validated and applied prospectively between October 2016 and September 2017 to 13 products from which positive sterility results had been reported. Viable and nonviable environmental monitoring (EM) data were collected concurrently as part of a facility control assessment. Three of 13 (23%) positive sterility results were attributable to bone marrow collections that had been contaminated with skin flora during harvest; all were infused without pertinent infectious sequelae. Of the remaining 10, 1 was deemed a true positive and was discarded before infusion, whereas 9 were classified as false positives attributed to laboratory sampling and/or culturing processes. Three products deemed false positive were infused and 6 were withheld because of patient issues unrelated to microbial sterility results. No postinfusion-associated infectious complications were documented. Almost half of the positive EM findings were skin flora. Paired detection of an organism in both product and associated EM was identified in 1 case. Application of our validated protocol to positive product sterility test results allowed for systematic data compilation for regulatory evaluation and provided comprehensive information to clinical investigators to ensure timely and strategic management for product recipients.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Cells/microbiology ; Blood Cells/virology ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Disinfection ; Humans ; Quality Control ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	1474865-4
ISSN	1523-6536 ; 1083-8791
ISSN (online)	1523-6536
ISSN	1083-8791
DOI	10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.08.003
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Zs.A 5082: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 462: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Mouse current vocalization threshold measured with a neurospecific nociception assay: the effect of sex, morphine, and isoflurane.

Spornick, Nicholas / Guptill, Virginia / Koziol, Deloris / Wesley, Robert / Finkel, Julia / Quezado, Zenaide M N

Journal of neuroscience methods

2011 Volume 201, Issue 2, Page(s) 390–398

Abstract: Sine-wave electrical stimulation at frequencies 2000, 250, and 5Hz to respectively evaluate Aβ, Aδ, and C sensory neurons has recently been added to the armamentarium used to evaluate sensory neurons. We developed an automated nociception assay using ... ...

Abstract	Sine-wave electrical stimulation at frequencies 2000, 250, and 5Hz to respectively evaluate Aβ, Aδ, and C sensory neurons has recently been added to the armamentarium used to evaluate sensory neurons. We developed an automated nociception assay using sine-wave stimulation methodology to determine current vocalization threshold in response to 2000, 250, and 5Hz and examine the effects of sex, analgesics, and anesthetics in mice. At baseline, males had significantly higher mean current vocalization thresholds compared with female mice at 2000, 250, and 5Hz (p≤0.019). By 1h after intrathecal injections of morphine there were significant increases in current vocalization threshold percent changes from baseline that varied with doses (p=0.0001) and frequency used (p<0.0001). Specifically, with increasing doses of morphine, there were significantly greater increases in current vocalization threshold percent changes from baseline in response to 5Hz compared with 250 and 2000Hz stimulation in a significantly ordered pattern: 5Hz>250Hz (p<0.0001) and 250Hz>2000Hz (p=0.0002). Forty-five minutes after exposure, there were no effects of isoflurane on current vocalization thresholds at any frequency. Therefore, our findings suggest that this automated nociception assay using sine-wave stimulation in mice, can be valuable for measurements of the effects of sex, opioids, and anesthetics on the response to electrical stimuli that preferentially stimulate Aβ, Aδ, and C-sensory fibers in vivo. This investigation suggests the validation of this assay and supports its use to examine mechanisms of nociception in mice.
MeSH term(s)	Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology ; Anesthetics, Inhalation/pharmacology ; Animals ; Electric Stimulation/adverse effects ; Electric Stimulation/methods ; Female ; Isoflurane/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, 129 Strain ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Morphine/pharmacology ; Nociception/drug effects ; Nociception/physiology ; Pain Measurement/instrumentation ; Pain Measurement/methods ; Sensory Receptor Cells/drug effects ; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology ; Sex Characteristics ; Vocalization, Animal/drug effects ; Vocalization, Animal/physiology
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Morphine (76I7G6D29C) ; Isoflurane (CYS9AKD70P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-08-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	282721-9
ISSN	1872-678X ; 0165-0270
ISSN (online)	1872-678X
ISSN	0165-0270
DOI	10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.08.011
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Zs.A 1486: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase distinctively affect mouse nocifensive behavior.

Finkel, Julia / Guptill, Virginia / Khaibullina, Alfia / Spornick, Nicholas / Vasconcelos, Olavo / Liewehr, David J / Steinberg, Seth M / Quezado, Zenaide M N

Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry

2011 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 81–88

Abstract: Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) have been shown to modulate thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical hypersensitivity in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, little is known about the effect of NOSs on baseline function of sensory nerve fibers. Using ... ...

Abstract	Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) have been shown to modulate thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical hypersensitivity in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, little is known about the effect of NOSs on baseline function of sensory nerve fibers. Using genetic deficiency and pharmacologic inhibition of NOSs, we examined the impact of the three isoforms NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 on baseline nocifensive behavior by measuring current vocalization threshold in response to electrical stimulation at 5, 250, 2000 Hz that preferentially stimulate C, Aδ, and Aβ fibers. In response to 5, 250 and 2000 Hz, NOS1-deficient animals had significantly higher current vocalization thresholds compared with wild-type. Genetic deficiency of NOS2 was associated with higher current vocalization thresholds in response to 5 Hz (C-fiber) stimulation. In contrast, NOS3-deficient animals had an overall weak trend toward lower current vocalization thresholds at 5 Hz and significantly lower current vocalization threshold compared with wild-type animals at 250 and 2000 Hz. Therefore, NOSs distinctively affect baseline mouse current vocalization threshold and appear to play a role on nocifensive response to electrical stimulation of sensory nerve fibers.
MeSH term(s)	Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Cerebral Cortex/chemistry ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Female ; Isoenzymes ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology ; Nitrates/analysis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism ; Nitrites/analysis ; Nociception/physiology ; Pain Measurement ; Spinal Cord/chemistry ; Spinal Cord/metabolism ; Vocalization, Animal/physiology
Chemical Substances	Enzyme Inhibitors ; Isoenzymes ; Nitrates ; Nitrites ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39) ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (V55S2QJN2X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1362794-6
ISSN	1089-8611 ; 1089-8603
ISSN (online)	1089-8611
ISSN	1089-8603
DOI	10.1016/j.niox.2011.12.004
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Zs.A 4677: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Disruption of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 can affect survival, bacterial clearance, and cytokine gene expression during murine sepsis.

Guptill, Virginia / Cui, Xizhong / Khaibullina, Alfia / Keller, Jason M / Spornick, Nicholas / Mannes, Andrew / Iadarola, Michael / Quezado, Zenaide M N

Anesthesiology

2011 Volume 114, Issue 5, Page(s) 1190–1199

Abstract: Background: Previous studies suggest that the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel has a role in sepsis, but it is unclear whether its effect on survival and immune response is beneficial or harmful.: Methods: We studied the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies suggest that the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel has a role in sepsis, but it is unclear whether its effect on survival and immune response is beneficial or harmful. Methods: We studied the effects of genetic (Trpv1-knockout vs. wild-type [WT] mice) and pharmacologic disruption of TRPV1 with resiniferatoxin (an agonist) or capsazepine (an antagonist) on mortality, bacterial clearance, and cytokine expression during lipopolysaccharide or cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis. Results: After cecal ligation and puncture, genetic disruption of TRPV1 in Trpv1-knockout versus WT mice was associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.23-3.81; P = 0.01). Furthermore, pharmacologic disruption of TRPV1 with intrathecal resiniferatoxin, compared with vehicle, increased mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.05-3.2; P = 0.03) in WT, but not in Trpv1-knockout, mice. After lipopolysaccharide, neither genetic (Trpv1 knockout) nor pharmacologic disruption of TRPV1 with resiniferatoxin had significant effect on survival compared with respective controls. In contrast, after lipopolysaccharide, pharmacologic disruption of TRPV1 with capsazepine, compared with vehicle, increased mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.02-3.61; P = 0.04) in WT animals. Furthermore, after cecal ligation and puncture, increased mortality in resiniferatoxin-treated WT animals was associated with higher blood bacterial count (P = 0.0004) and higher nitrate/nitrite concentrations and down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor α expression (P = 0.004) compared with controls. Conclusions: Genetic or pharmacologic disruption of TRPV1 can affect mortality, blood bacteria clearance, and cytokine response in sepsis in patterns that may vary according to the sepsis-inducing event and the method of TRPV1 disruption.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bacterial Load/drug effects ; Bacterial Load/genetics ; Capsaicin/administration & dosage ; Capsaicin/analogs & derivatives ; Cecum/surgery ; Cytokines/blood ; Cytokines/drug effects ; Cytokines/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Diterpenes/administration & dosage ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Gene Expression/genetics ; Ligation ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Peritoneal Lavage ; Peritoneum/drug effects ; Peritoneum/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sepsis/genetics ; Sepsis/metabolism ; Survival Analysis ; TRPV Cation Channels/drug effects ; TRPV Cation Channels/genetics ; TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Diterpenes ; Lipopolysaccharides ; TRPV Cation Channels ; TRPV1 protein, mouse ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; resiniferatoxin (A5O6P1UL4I) ; capsazepine (LFW48MY844) ; Capsaicin (S07O44R1ZM)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	269-0
ISSN	1528-1175 ; 0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
ISSN	0003-3022
DOI	10.1097/ALN.0b013e318212515b
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Uk I Zs.133: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 199: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Sickle cell disease in mice is associated with sensitization of sensory nerve fibers.

Kenyon, Nicholas / Wang, Li / Spornick, Nicholas / Khaibullina, Alfia / Almeida, Luis Ef / Cheng, Yao / Wang, Jichuan / Guptill, Virginia / Finkel, Julia C / Quezado, Zenaide M N

Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)

2014 Volume 240, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–98

Abstract: The pain phenotype in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients is highly variable. A small percentage of SCD patients experience many vaso-occlusive crises/year, 5% of patients account for over 30% of pain episodes, while 39% report few episodes of severe pain. ...

Abstract	The pain phenotype in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients is highly variable. A small percentage of SCD patients experience many vaso-occlusive crises/year, 5% of patients account for over 30% of pain episodes, while 39% report few episodes of severe pain. Clearly, a better understanding of the pathobiology of SCD is needed to improve its therapy. Humanized sickle cell mice recapitulate several phenotypes of SCD patients and provide a model for the study of SCD pain. Researchers have shown that one strain of humanized SCD mice, the BERK strain, has abnormal pain phenotype. However, the nociception phenotype of another humanized SCD mouse strain, the Townes strain, has not been described. In a large cross-sectional study of BERK and Townes SCD mice, we examined thermosensory response and sensory nerve fiber function using sine-wave electrical stimulation at 2000, 250, and 5 Hz to stimulate preferentially Aβ, Aδ, and C sensory nerve fibers, respectively. We found that BERK and Townes mice, compared to respective controls, had decreases in 2000, 250, and 5 Hz current vocalization thresholds in patterns that suggest sensitization of a broad spectrum of sensory nerve fibers. In addition, the pattern of sensitization of sensory fibers varied according to strain, sex, age, and mouse genotype. In a similarly variable pattern, Townes and BERKs also had significantly altered sensitivity to noxious thermal stimuli in agreement with what has been shown by others. In summary, the analysis of somatosensory function using sine-wave electrical stimulation in humanized sickle cell mice suggests that in SCD, both myelinated and unmyelinated, fibers are sensitized. The pattern of sensory fiber sensitization is distinct from that observed in pain models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. These findings raise the possibility that sensitization of a broad spectrum of sensory fibers might contribute to the altered and variable nociception phenotype in SCD.
MeSH term(s)	Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications ; Animals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Mice, Transgenic ; Nerve Fibers/physiology ; Pain/etiology ; Pain/physiopathology ; Sensation Disorders/etiology ; Sensation Disorders/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-07-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	4015-0
ISSN	1535-3699 ; 1525-1373 ; 0037-9727
ISSN (online)	1535-3699 ; 1525-1373
ISSN	0037-9727
DOI	10.1177/1535370214544275
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Ua VI Zs.111: Show issues

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Article ; Online: In a model of Batten disease, palmitoyl protein thioesterase-1 deficiency is associated with brown adipose tissue and thermoregulation abnormalities.

Khaibullina, Alfia / Kenyon, Nicholas / Guptill, Virginia / Quezado, Martha M / Wang, Li / Koziol, Deloris / Wesley, Robert / Moya, Pablo R / Zhang, Zhongjian / Saha, Arjun / Mukherjee, Anil B / Quezado, Zenaide M N

PloS one

2012 Volume 7, Issue 11, Page(s) e48733

Abstract: Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a deficiency of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1). We have previously shown that children with INCL have increased risk of hypothermia during anesthesia ...

Abstract	Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a deficiency of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1). We have previously shown that children with INCL have increased risk of hypothermia during anesthesia and that PPT1-deficiency in mice is associated with disruption of adaptive energy metabolism, downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we hypothesized that Ppt1-knockout mice, a well-studied model of INCL that shows many of the neurologic manifestations of the disease, would recapitulate the thermoregulation impairment observed in children with INCL. We also hypothesized that when exposed to cold, Ppt1-knockout mice would be unable to maintain body temperature as in mice thermogenesis requires upregulation of Pgc-1α and uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp-1) in brown adipose tissue. We found that the Ppt1-KO mice had lower basal body temperature as they aged and developed hypothermia during cold exposure. Surprisingly, this inability to maintain body temperature during cold exposure in Ppt1-KO mice was associated with an adequate upregulation of Pgc-1α and Ucp-1 but with lower levels of sympathetic neurotransmitters in brown adipose tissue. In addition, during baseline conditions, brown adipose tissue of Ppt1-KO mice had less vacuolization (lipid droplets) compared to wild-type animals. After cold stress, wild-type animals had significant decreases whereas Ppt1-KO had insignificant changes in lipid droplets compared with baseline measurements, thus suggesting that Ppt1-KO had less lipolysis in response to cold stress. These results uncover a previously unknown phenotype associated with PPT1 deficiency, that of altered thermoregulation, which is associated with impaired lipolysis and neurotransmitter release to brown adipose tissue during cold exposure. These findings suggest that INCL should be added to the list of neurodegenerative diseases that are linked to alterations in peripheral metabolic processes. In addition, extrapolating these findings clinically, impaired thermoregulation and hypothermia are potential risks in patients with INCL.
MeSH term(s)	Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/abnormalities ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/pathology ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/physiopathology ; Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation/physiology ; Cold Temperature ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hot Temperature ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism ; NAD/metabolism ; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses/enzymology ; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses/pathology ; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses/physiopathology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism ; Thiolester Hydrolases/deficiency ; Thiolester Hydrolases/metabolism ; Uncoupling Protein 1 ; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus/pathology ; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Ion Channels ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Ucp1 protein, mouse ; Uncoupling Protein 1 ; NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Thiolester Hydrolases (EC 3.1.2.-) ; palmitoyl-protein thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.22)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-11-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0048733
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Article ; Online: In a model of Batten disease, palmitoyl protein thioesterase-1 deficiency is associated with brown adipose tissue and thermoregulation abnormalities.

Alfia Khaibullina / Nicholas Kenyon / Virginia Guptill / Martha M Quezado / Li Wang / Deloris Koziol / Robert Wesley / Pablo R Moya / Zhongjian Zhang / Arjun Saha / Anil B Mukherjee / Zenaide M N Quezado

PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e

2012 Volume 48733

Abstract	Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a deficiency of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1). We have previously shown that children with INCL have increased risk of hypothermia during anesthesia and that PPT1-deficiency in mice is associated with disruption of adaptive energy metabolism, downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we hypothesized that Ppt1-knockout mice, a well-studied model of INCL that shows many of the neurologic manifestations of the disease, would recapitulate the thermoregulation impairment observed in children with INCL. We also hypothesized that when exposed to cold, Ppt1-knockout mice would be unable to maintain body temperature as in mice thermogenesis requires upregulation of Pgc-1α and uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp-1) in brown adipose tissue. We found that the Ppt1-KO mice had lower basal body temperature as they aged and developed hypothermia during cold exposure. Surprisingly, this inability to maintain body temperature during cold exposure in Ppt1-KO mice was associated with an adequate upregulation of Pgc-1α and Ucp-1 but with lower levels of sympathetic neurotransmitters in brown adipose tissue. In addition, during baseline conditions, brown adipose tissue of Ppt1-KO mice had less vacuolization (lipid droplets) compared to wild-type animals. After cold stress, wild-type animals had significant decreases whereas Ppt1-KO had insignificant changes in lipid droplets compared with baseline measurements, thus suggesting that Ppt1-KO had less lipolysis in response to cold stress. These results uncover a previously unknown phenotype associated with PPT1 deficiency, that of altered thermoregulation, which is associated with impaired lipolysis and neurotransmitter release to brown adipose tissue during cold exposure. These findings suggest that INCL should be added to the list of neurodegenerative diseases that are linked to alterations in peripheral metabolic processes. In addition, extrapolating these findings clinically, impaired thermoregulation and hypothermia are potential risks in patients with INCL.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii in dogs in North America.

Beall, Melissa J / Alleman, A Rick / Breitschwerdt, Ed B / Cohn, Leah A / Couto, C Guillermo / Dryden, Michael W / Guptill, Lynn C / Iazbik, Cristina / Kania, Stephen A / Lathan, Patty / Little, Susan E / Roy, Alma / Sayler, Katherine A / Stillman, Brett A / Welles, Elizabeth G / Wolfson, Wendy / Yabsley, Michael J

Parasites & vectors

2012 Volume 5, Page(s) 29

Abstract: ... region (Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia). Seroreactivity to E ...

Abstract	Background: This study evaluated the exposure of dogs to three different Ehrlichia spp. in the south and central regions of the United States where vector-borne disease prevalence has been previously difficult to ascertain, particularly beyond the metropolitan areas. Methods: Dog blood samples (n = 8,662) were submitted from 14 veterinary colleges, 6 private veterinary practices and 4 diagnostic laboratories across this region. Samples were tested for E. canis, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii specific antibodies using peptide microtiter ELISAs. Results: Overall, E. canis, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii seroprevalence was 0.8%, 2.8%, and 5.1%, respectively. The highest E. canis seroprevalence (2.3%) was found in a region encompassing Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. E. chaffeensis seroreactivity was 6.6% in the central region (Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma) and 4.6% in the southeast region (Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia). Seroreactivity to E. ewingii was also highest in the central region (14.6%) followed by the southeast region (5.9%). The geospatial pattern derived from E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii seropositive samples was similar to previous reports based on E. chaffeensis seroreactivity in white-tailed deer and the distribution of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) cases reported by the CDC. Conclusions: The results of this study provide the first large scale regional documentation of exposure to E. canis, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii in pet dogs, highlighting regional differences in seroprevalence and providing the basis for heightened awareness of these emerging vector-borne pathogens by veterinarians and public health agencies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Arachnid Vectors/microbiology ; Dog Diseases/diagnosis ; Dog Diseases/epidemiology ; Dogs ; Ehrlichia/immunology ; Ehrlichia canis/immunology ; Ehrlichia chaffeensis/immunology ; Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis ; Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology ; Ehrlichiosis/veterinary ; Humans ; O Antigens ; Peptides ; Public Health ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Species Specificity ; Ticks/microbiology ; United States/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; O Antigens ; Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-5-29
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Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia canis , Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii in dogs in North America

Beall Melissa J / Alleman A Rick / Breitschwerdt Ed B / Cohn Leah A / Couto C Guillermo / Dryden Michael W / Guptill Lynn C / Iazbik Cristina / Kania Stephen A / Lathan Patty / Little Susan E / Roy Alma / Sayler Katherine A / Stillman Brett A / Welles Elizabeth G / Wolfson Wendy / Yabsley Michael J

Parasites & Vectors, Vol 5, Iss 1, p

2012 Volume 29

Abstract: ... region (Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia). Seroreactivity to E ...

Abstract	Abstract Background This study evaluated the exposure of dogs to three different Ehrlichia spp. in the south and central regions of the United States where vector-borne disease prevalence has been previously difficult to ascertain, particularly beyond the metropolitan areas. Methods Dog blood samples (n = 8,662) were submitted from 14 veterinary colleges, 6 private veterinary practices and 4 diagnostic laboratories across this region. Samples were tested for E. canis , E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii specific antibodies using peptide microtiter ELISAs. Results Overall, E. canis , E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii seroprevalence was 0.8%, 2.8%, and 5.1%, respectively. The highest E. canis seroprevalence (2.3%) was found in a region encompassing Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. E. chaffeensis seroreactivity was 6.6% in the central region (Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma) and 4.6% in the southeast region (Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia). Seroreactivity to E. ewingii was also highest in the central region (14.6%) followed by the southeast region (5.9%). The geospatial pattern derived from E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii seropositive samples was similar to previous reports based on E. chaffeensis seroreactivity in white-tailed deer and the distribution of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) cases reported by the CDC. Conclusions The results of this study provide the first large scale regional documentation of exposure to E. canis , E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii in pet dogs, highlighting regional differences in seroprevalence and providing the basis for heightened awareness of these emerging vector-borne pathogens by veterinarians and public health agencies.
Keywords	Ehrlichia ; E. canis ; E. chaffeensis ; E. ewingii ; dog ; tick ; prevalence ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Science ; Q ; DOAJ:Microbiology ; DOAJ:Biology ; DOAJ:Biology and Life Sciences ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Internal medicine ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Seroprevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii in dogs in North America

Parasites & vectors. 2012 Dec., v. 5, no. 1

2012

Abstract: ... region (Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia). Seroreactivity to E ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the exposure of dogs to three different Ehrlichia spp. in the south and central regions of the United States where vector-borne disease prevalence has been previously difficult to ascertain, particularly beyond the metropolitan areas. METHODS: Dog blood samples (n = 8,662) were submitted from 14 veterinary colleges, 6 private veterinary practices and 4 diagnostic laboratories across this region. Samples were tested for E. canis, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii specific antibodies using peptide microtiter ELISAs. RESULTS: Overall, E. canis, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii seroprevalence was 0.8%, 2.8%, and 5.1%, respectively. The highest E. canis seroprevalence (2.3%) was found in a region encompassing Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. E. chaffeensis seroreactivity was 6.6% in the central region (Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma) and 4.6% in the southeast region (Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia). Seroreactivity to E. ewingii was also highest in the central region (14.6%) followed by the southeast region (5.9%). The geospatial pattern derived from E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii seropositive samples was similar to previous reports based on E. chaffeensis seroreactivity in white-tailed deer and the distribution of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) cases reported by the CDC. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide the first large scale regional documentation of exposure to E. canis, E. chaffeensis and E. ewingii in pet dogs, highlighting regional differences in seroprevalence and providing the basis for heightened awareness of these emerging vector-borne pathogens by veterinarians and public health agencies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Arachnid Vectors/microbiology ; Dog Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology ; Dogs ; Ehrlichia canis/immunology ; Ehrlichia chaffeensis/immunology ; Ehrlichia/immunology ; Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis/epidemiology/veterinary ; Humans ; O Antigens/diagnostic use ; Peptides/diagnostic use ; Public Health ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Species Specificity ; Ticks/microbiology
Keywords	antibodies ; blood ; disease prevalence ; dogs ; Ehrlichia canis ; Ehrlichia chaffeensis ; Ehrlichia ewingii ; ehrlichiosis ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; humans ; Odocoileus virginianus ; pathogens ; public health ; seroprevalence ; universities ; veterinarians ; veterinary clinics ; United States ; Arkansas ; Georgia ; Kansas ; Louisiana ; Maryland ; Missouri ; North Carolina ; Oklahoma ; South Carolina ; Tennessee ; Texas ; Virginia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-12
Size	p. 29.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-5-29
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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