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  1. Article ; Online: Distinguishing between attention-deficit hyperactivity and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in children: clinical guidelines.

    Peadon, Elizabeth / Elliott, Elizabeth J

    Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

    2010  Volume 6, Page(s) 509–515

    Abstract: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are the physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetal alcohol exposure. The behavioral phenotype of children with FASD includes difficulties with executive function, memory, planning, processing speed, and ... ...

    Abstract Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are the physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetal alcohol exposure. The behavioral phenotype of children with FASD includes difficulties with executive function, memory, planning, processing speed, and attention. Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is diagnosed in up to 94% of individuals with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure, the exact relationship between FASD and ADHD is unclear. There is some evidence that ADHD in FASD may be a specific clinical subtype and thus may require a different treatment approach. Although traditional behavioral observation scales may not distinguish between the two groups, there is evidence that children with FASD have a different profile on the four-factor model of attention than children with ADHD who do not have FASD. There is a paucity of good scientific evidence on effective interventions for individuals with ADHD and FASD. There is weak evidence that children with FASD and ADHD may have a better response to dexamphetamine than methylphenidate. There is a strong need for larger, high quality studies to examine the relationship between ADHD and FASD and identify effective treatments because management of inattention and hyperactivity may improve learning and ameliorate the common secondary disabilities associated with FASD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-09-07
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2186503-6
    ISSN 1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
    ISSN (online) 1178-2021
    ISSN 1176-6328
    DOI 10.2147/ndt.s7256
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  2. Article ; Online: Distinguishing between attention-deficit hyperactivity and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in children

    Elizabeth Peadon / Elizabeth J Elliott

    Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2010, Iss Issue 1, Pp 509-

    clinical guidelines

    2010  Volume 515

    Abstract: Elizabeth Peadon, Elizabeth J ElliottDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney ...

    Abstract Elizabeth Peadon, Elizabeth J ElliottDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaAbstract: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are the physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetal alcohol exposure. The behavioral phenotype of children with FASD includes difficulties with executive function, memory, planning, processing speed, and attention. Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is diagnosed in up to 94% of individuals with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure, the exact relationship between FASD and ADHD is unclear. There is some evidence that ADHD in FASD may be a specific clinical subtype and thus may require a different treatment approach. Although traditional behavioral observation scales may not distinguish between the two groups, there is evidence that children with FASD have a different profile on the four-factor model of attention than children with ADHD who do not have FASD. There is a paucity of good scientific evidence on effective interventions for individuals with ADHD and FASD. There is weak evidence that children with FASD and ADHD may have a better response to dexamphetamine than methylphenidate. There is a strong need for larger, high quality studies to examine the relationship between ADHD and FASD and identify effective treatments because management of inattention and hyperactivity may improve learning and ameliorate the common secondary disabilities associated with FASD.Keywords: fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    Keywords Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Neurology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dove Medical Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Childhood Hearing Australasian Medical Professionals network: Consensus guidelines on investigation and clinical management of childhood hearing loss.

    Sung, Valerie / Downie, Lilian / Paxton, Georgia A / Liddle, Karen / Birman, Catherine S / Chan, Wei Wei / Cottier, Carolyn / Harris, Alison / Hunter, Matthew / Peadon, Elizabeth / Peacock, Kenneth / Roddick, Laurence / Rose, Elizabeth / Saunders, Kerryn / Amor, David J

    Journal of paediatrics and child health

    2019  Volume 55, Issue 9, Page(s) 1013–1022

    MeSH term(s) Australia ; Child, Preschool ; Congresses as Topic ; Consensus ; Disease Management ; Electrocardiography ; Guidelines as Topic ; Health Personnel ; Hearing Loss/diagnosis ; Hearing Loss/etiology ; Hearing Loss/genetics ; Hearing Loss/therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ophthalmology ; Thyroid Gland/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-14
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1024476-1
    ISSN 1440-1754 ; 1034-4810
    ISSN (online) 1440-1754
    ISSN 1034-4810
    DOI 10.1111/jpc.14508
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  4. Article: Whooping cough: are health-care workers putting children at risk?

    Peadon, Elizabeth / Cooper, Carolyn

    Journal of paediatrics and child health

    2007  Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 398–402

    Abstract: Aim: To explore the attitudes and knowledge of health-care workers (HCW) towards whooping cough and an adult whooping cough booster for HCW.: Methods: HCW at Fairfield Health Service, who had clinical contact with infants or children, were sent a ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To explore the attitudes and knowledge of health-care workers (HCW) towards whooping cough and an adult whooping cough booster for HCW.
    Methods: HCW at Fairfield Health Service, who had clinical contact with infants or children, were sent a self-administered questionnaire.
    Results: Questionnaires were completed by 135 staff, giving a response rate of 74%. Thirty-five per cent were not known to be immunised against whooping cough. Fifty-nine per cent of doctors were known to be immunised, 33% of allied health staff and 28% of nurses. The rates of immunisation between the professional groups were significantly different (chi2 = 8.2 with 2 degrees of freedom; P = 0.017). Thirty-nine per cent of HCW did not know that primary immunisation did not provide lifelong protection. Twenty-seven per cent did not agree that HCW should be offered an adult whooping cough booster. Staff who felt at risk of contracting whooping cough were more likely to recommend that a booster should be offered (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.22-6.04; P = 0.019). Doctors were less likely to recommend that a booster should be offered (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.15-0.87; P = 0.028).
    Conclusions: HCW have low rates of immunity to whooping cough and misconceptions about whooping cough infection and immunisation. Over a quarter of HCW did not agree that a booster should be offered. An ongoing education programme addressing the attitudes and misconceptions identified in this study is a crucial component of the campaign to increase the uptake of adult whooping cough booster immunisation by HCW.
    MeSH term(s) Attitude of Health Personnel ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary/utilization ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; New South Wales ; Pertussis Vaccine/therapeutic use ; Risk Assessment ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Whooping Cough/immunology ; Whooping Cough/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Pertussis Vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-05
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1024476-1
    ISSN 1440-1754 ; 1034-4810
    ISSN (online) 1440-1754
    ISSN 1034-4810
    DOI 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01087.x
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  5. Article: Teenage smoking in pregnancy and birthweight: a population study, 2001-2004.

    Peadon, Elizabeth M / Bower, Carol I / Elliott, Elizabeth J

    The Medical journal of Australia

    2008  Volume 189, Issue 4, Page(s) 237–238

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Australia/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Maternal Age ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Smoking/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-08-18
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Comment ; Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186082-3
    ISSN 1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
    ISSN (online) 1326-5377
    ISSN 0025-729X
    DOI 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb02005.x
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  6. Article ; Online: 'I enjoy teaching but...': Paediatricians' attitudes to teaching medical students and junior doctors.

    Peadon, Elizabeth / Caldwell, Patrina H Y / Oldmeadow, Wendy

    Journal of paediatrics and child health

    2010  Volume 46, Issue 11, Page(s) 647–652

    Abstract: Aim: To explore consultant paediatricians' attitudes, motivations, and barriers to training medical students and junior doctors.: Methods: Qualitative research involving 24 paediatricians (with a diversity of specialties, experience, age, gender, ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To explore consultant paediatricians' attitudes, motivations, and barriers to training medical students and junior doctors.
    Methods: Qualitative research involving 24 paediatricians (with a diversity of specialties, experience, age, gender, teaching activity and employment status) from a tertiary paediatric hospital and clinical school in Sydney, Australia. Participants were engaged in semi-structured focus group discussions which explored their attitudes to teaching medical students and junior doctors, their role and experience of teaching, their training in medical education, perceived barriers to teaching, and possible solutions to these barriers. Data from the transcriptions of the focus group discussions were coded using the constant comparative method and analysed for themes using NVivo 7 software. Differences in responses between participants were explored.
    Results: All participants reported enjoying teaching. However, a number of factors which occurred at the consultant, learner and institution level affected the enjoyment or challenge of teaching. Consultant factors included time commitments, knowledge of and confidence in the learner's course, and comfort with teaching. Learner factors included level of knowledge, attendance, interest and enthusiasm, and cultural changes. Institution factors included acknowledgement of teaching contribution, communication, teaching support and resources, and attitude to teaching. These factors and the consultant's relationship with the learner and institution impacted on their ownership, involvement, and commitment to teaching.
    Conclusions: Consultant paediatricians identified challenges to their involvement and commitment to teaching. Actions to address these challenges and improve the relationship between the consultant and the learner and the consultant and the institution may enhance the consultant's commitment to teaching.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Faculty, Medical ; Female ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; New South Wales ; Pediatrics/education ; Qualitative Research ; Students, Medical ; Teaching
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-11
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1024476-1
    ISSN 1440-1754 ; 1034-4810
    ISSN (online) 1440-1754
    ISSN 1034-4810
    DOI 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01823.x
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  7. Article ; Online: Need to establish a national diagnostic capacity for foetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

    Mutch, Raewyn / Peadon, Elizabeth M / Elliott, Elizabeth J / Bower, Carol

    Journal of paediatrics and child health

    2009  Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 79–81

    Abstract: Alcohol exposure in pregnancy can induce a broad range of physical and developmental defects in the child, collectively known as foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). In Australia, there are proven gaps in our knowledge and practice for recognising ... ...

    Abstract Alcohol exposure in pregnancy can induce a broad range of physical and developmental defects in the child, collectively known as foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). In Australia, there are proven gaps in our knowledge and practice for recognising and diagnosing FASD. The challenge for the Australian health professional is agreeing on a model for diagnosing and treating FASD. The diagnostic method must be evidence based, sensitive and specific, and account for other exposures during pregnancy and early life events. Training in application of the diagnostic method needs to be readily available in metropolitan and regional Australia. The University of Washington FASD 4-digit diagnostic code fulfils all of these best practice criteria, recommending itself as the method of choice.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Australia ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/diagnosis ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-03
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1024476-1
    ISSN 1440-1754 ; 1034-4810
    ISSN (online) 1440-1754
    ISSN 1034-4810
    DOI 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01464.x
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  8. Article ; Online: Systematic review of interventions for children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.

    Peadon, Elizabeth / Rhys-Jones, Biarta / Bower, Carol / Elliott, Elizabeth J

    BMC pediatrics

    2009  Volume 9, Page(s) 35

    Abstract: Background: Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) may have significant neurobehavioural problems persisting into adulthood. Early diagnosis may decrease the risk of adverse life outcomes. However, little is known about effective ... ...

    Abstract Background: Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) may have significant neurobehavioural problems persisting into adulthood. Early diagnosis may decrease the risk of adverse life outcomes. However, little is known about effective interventions for children with FASD. Our aim is to conduct a systematic review of the literature to identify and evaluate the evidence for pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for children with FASD.
    Methods: We did an electronic search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL and ERIC for clinical studies (Randomized controlled trials (RCT), quasi RCT, controlled trials and pre- and post-intervention studies) which evaluated pharmacological, behavioural, speech therapy, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, psychosocial and educational interventions and early intervention programs. Participants were aged under 18 years with a diagnosis of a FASD. Selection of studies for inclusion and assessment of study quality was undertaken independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was not possible due to diversity in the interventions and outcome measures.
    Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Methodological weaknesses were common, including small sample sizes; inadequate study design and short term follow up. Pharmacological interventions, evaluated in two studies (both RCT) showed some benefit from stimulant medications. Educational and learning strategies (three RCT) were evaluated in seven studies. There was some evidence to suggest that virtual reality training, cognitive control therapy, language and literacy therapy, mathematics intervention and rehearsal training for memory may be beneficial strategies. Three studies evaluating social communication and behavioural strategies (two RCT) suggested that social skills training may improve social skills and behaviour at home and Attention Process Training may improve attention.
    Conclusion: There is limited good quality evidence for specific interventions for managing FASD, however seven randomized controlled trials that address specific functional deficits of children with FASD are underway or recently completed.
    MeSH term(s) Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System/drug therapy ; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System/rehabilitation ; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System/therapy ; Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy ; Behavior Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Communication Disorders/etiology ; Communication Disorders/rehabilitation ; Communication Disorders/therapy ; Early Intervention, Educational/statistics & numerical data ; Exercise Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/drug therapy ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/rehabilitation ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Learning Disabilities/drug therapy ; Learning Disabilities/etiology ; Learning Disabilities/therapy ; Male ; Methylphenidate/therapeutic use ; Occupational Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Physical Therapy Modalities/statistics & numerical data ; Pregnancy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data ; Social Support ; Speech Therapy/statistics & numerical data
    Chemical Substances Antipsychotic Agents ; Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Methylphenidate (207ZZ9QZ49)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-05-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2041342-7
    ISSN 1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
    ISSN (online) 1471-2431
    ISSN 1471-2431
    DOI 10.1186/1471-2431-9-35
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  9. Article ; Online: International survey of diagnostic services for children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.

    Peadon, Elizabeth / Fremantle, Emily / Bower, Carol / Elliott, Elizabeth J

    BMC pediatrics

    2008  Volume 8, Page(s) 12

    Abstract: Background: Early diagnosis and intervention for children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) reduces the risk of developing a range of secondary social, emotional and behavioural problems and provides an opportunity for prevention of further ... ...

    Abstract Background: Early diagnosis and intervention for children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) reduces the risk of developing a range of secondary social, emotional and behavioural problems and provides an opportunity for prevention of further alcohol exposed pregnancies. The objective of this study was to describe specialist clinical service provision for the diagnosis and assessment of children exposed to alcohol in pregnancy.
    Methods: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) diagnostic clinics were identified through literature and internet searches. Clinics were sent a questionnaire asking for information on the clinic population, clinic staff, assessment process and other services provided.
    Results: Questionnaires were completed for 34 clinics: 29 were in North America, 2 in Africa, 2 in Europe and 1 in South America. No clinics were identified in Asia or Australasia. There was a variety of funding sources, services offered, clinic populations, staff and methods of assessment. Thirty-three clinics had a multi-disciplinary team. In 32 clinics, at least one member of the team had specialist training in assessment of FASD. Neurobehavioural assessment was completed in 32 clinics. Eleven clinics used more than one set of diagnostic criteria or an adaptation of published criteria.
    Conclusion: Diagnostic services are concentrated in North America. Most responding clinics are using a multidisciplinary approach with neurobehavioural assessment as recommended in published guidelines. Agreement on diagnostic criteria would enable comparison of clinical and research data, and enhance FASD research particularly for intervention trials.
    MeSH term(s) Ambulatory Care Facilities/organization & administration ; Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data ; Behavior Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Case Management/statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/diagnosis ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/therapy ; Health Care Surveys ; Humans ; Mental Health Services/statistics & numerical data ; Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Care Team ; Physical Therapy Modalities/statistics & numerical data ; Pregnancy ; Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data ; Speech Therapy/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041342-7
    ISSN 1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
    ISSN (online) 1471-2431
    ISSN 1471-2431
    DOI 10.1186/1471-2431-8-12
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  10. Article: Impacts of national surveillance for uncommon conditions in childhood.

    Zurynski, Yvonne A / Peadon, Elizabeth / Bower, Carol / Elliott, Elizabeth J

    Journal of paediatrics and child health

    2007  Volume 43, Issue 11, Page(s) 724–731

    Abstract: The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) facilitates the conduct of national collaborative research that is consistent with national health priorities, has potential to impact on public health, and addresses gaps in knowledge. Since 1993 ... ...

    Abstract The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) facilitates the conduct of national collaborative research that is consistent with national health priorities, has potential to impact on public health, and addresses gaps in knowledge. Since 1993 paediatricians and other child health specialists have contributed monthly data on rare childhood conditions to the APSU. Over 40 conditions, including infectious diseases, injuries, vaccine-preventable diseases and genetic disorders have been studied. Information on epidemiology, frequency, diagnosis, management and short-term outcomes of these conditions is collected and provides evidence to support changes to clinical practice, prevention policy and allocation of health resources. In this review we give examples of the value of information gathered through the APSU surveillance system in the last 14 years.
    MeSH term(s) Accidents/statistics & numerical data ; Australia/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Pediatrics/methods ; Population Surveillance/methods ; Public Health Practice ; Rare Diseases/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-11
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1024476-1
    ISSN 1440-1754 ; 1034-4810
    ISSN (online) 1440-1754
    ISSN 1034-4810
    DOI 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01216.x
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