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Book ; Online: Dendritic spines: From shape to function

Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / Heck, Nicolas

2016

Abstract: One fundamental requisite for a comprehensive view on brain function and cognition is the understanding of the neuronal network activity of the brain. Neurons are organized into complex networks, interconnected through synapses. The main sites for ... ...

Abstract	One fundamental requisite for a comprehensive view on brain function and cognition is the understanding of the neuronal network activity of the brain. Neurons are organized into complex networks, interconnected through synapses. The main sites for excitatory synapses in the brain are thin protrusions called dendritic spines that emerge from dendrites. Dendritic spines have a distinct morphology with a specific molecular organization. They are considered as subcellular compartments that constrain diffusion and influence signal processing by the neuron and, hence, spines are functional integrative units for which morphology and function are tightly coupled. The density of spines along the dendrite reflects the levels of connectivity within the neuronal network. Furthermore, the relevance of studying dendritic spines is emphasized by the observation that their morphology changes with synaptic plasticity and is altered in many psychiatric disorders. The present Research Topic deals with some of the most recent findings concerning dendritic spine structure and function, showing that, in order to understand how brain neuronal activity operates, these two factors should be regarded as being intrinsically linked
Keywords	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; Science (General)
Size	1 electronic resource (235 p.)
Publisher	Frontiers Media SA
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT020091193
ISBN	9782889197668 ; 2889197662
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: A biologically inspired repair mechanism for neuronal reconstructions with a focus on human dendrites.

Groden, Moritz / Moessinger, Hannah M / Schaffran, Barbara / DeFelipe, Javier / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / Cuntz, Hermann / Jedlicka, Peter

PLoS computational biology

2024 Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) e1011267

Abstract: Investigating and modelling the functionality of human neurons remains challenging due to the technical limitations, resulting in scarce and incomplete 3D anatomical reconstructions. Here we used a morphological modelling approach based on optimal wiring ...

Abstract	Investigating and modelling the functionality of human neurons remains challenging due to the technical limitations, resulting in scarce and incomplete 3D anatomical reconstructions. Here we used a morphological modelling approach based on optimal wiring to repair the parts of a dendritic morphology that were lost due to incomplete tissue samples. In Drosophila, where dendritic regrowth has been studied experimentally using laser ablation, we found that modelling the regrowth reproduced a bimodal distribution between regeneration of cut branches and invasion by neighbouring branches. Interestingly, our repair model followed growth rules similar to those for the generation of a new dendritic tree. To generalise the repair algorithm from Drosophila to mammalian neurons, we artificially sectioned reconstructed dendrites from mouse and human hippocampal pyramidal cell morphologies, and showed that the regrown dendrites were morphologically similar to the original ones. Furthermore, we were able to restore their electrophysiological functionality, as evidenced by the recovery of their firing behaviour. Importantly, we show that such repairs also apply to other neuron types including hippocampal granule cells and cerebellar Purkinje cells. We then extrapolated the repair to incomplete human CA1 pyramidal neurons, where the anatomical boundaries of the particular brain areas innervated by the neurons in question were known. Interestingly, the repair of incomplete human dendrites helped to simulate the recently observed increased synaptic thresholds for dendritic NMDA spikes in human versus mouse dendrites. To make the repair tool available to the neuroscience community, we have developed an intuitive and simple graphical user interface (GUI), which is available in the TREES toolbox (www.treestoolbox.org).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Dendrites/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Pyramidal Cells/physiology ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Drosophila ; Mammals
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2193340-6
ISSN	1553-7358 ; 1553-734X
ISSN (online)	1553-7358
ISSN	1553-734X
DOI	10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011267
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Structural Analysis of Human and Mouse Dendritic Spines Reveals a Morphological Continuum and Differences across Ages and Species.

Ofer, Netanel / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / DeFelipe, Javier / Yuste, Rafael

eNeuro

2022 Volume 9, Issue 3

Abstract: Dendritic spines have diverse morphologies, with a wide range of head and neck sizes, and these morphologic differences likely generate different functional properties. To explore how this morphologic diversity differs across species and ages we analyzed ...

Abstract	Dendritic spines have diverse morphologies, with a wide range of head and neck sizes, and these morphologic differences likely generate different functional properties. To explore how this morphologic diversity differs across species and ages we analyzed 3D confocal reconstructions of ∼8000 human spines and ∼1700 mouse spines, labeled by intracellular injections in fixed tissue. Using unsupervised algorithms, we computationally separated spine heads and necks and systematically measured morphologic features of spines in apical and basal dendrites from cortical pyramidal cells. Human spines had unimodal distributions of parameters, without any evidence of morphologic subtypes. Their spine necks were longer and thinner in apical than in basal spines, and spine head volumes of an 85-year-old individual were larger than those of a 40-year-old individual. Human spines had longer and thicker necks and larger head volumes than mouse spines. Our results indicate that human spines form part of a continuum, are larger and longer than those of mice, and become larger with increasing adult age. These morphologic differences in spines across species could generate functional differences in biochemical and electrical spine compartmentalization, or in synaptic properties, across species and ages.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dendrites ; Dendritic Spines ; Humans ; Mice ; Pyramidal Cells
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2800598-3
ISSN	2373-2822 ; 2373-2822
ISSN (online)	2373-2822
ISSN	2373-2822
DOI	10.1523/ENEURO.0039-22.2022
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Variation in Pyramidal Cell Morphology Across the Human Anterior Temporal Lobe.

Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / Rojo, Concepcion / Kastanauskaite, Asta / DeFelipe, Javier

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

2021 Volume 31, Issue 8, Page(s) 3592–3609

Abstract: Pyramidal neurons are the most abundant and characteristic neuronal type in the cerebral cortex and their dendritic spines are the main postsynaptic elements of cortical excitatory synapses. Previous studies have shown that pyramidal cell structure ... ...

Abstract	Pyramidal neurons are the most abundant and characteristic neuronal type in the cerebral cortex and their dendritic spines are the main postsynaptic elements of cortical excitatory synapses. Previous studies have shown that pyramidal cell structure differs across layers, cortical areas, and species. However, within the human cortex, the pyramidal dendritic morphology has been quantified in detail in relatively few cortical areas. In the present work, we performed intracellular injections of Lucifer Yellow at several distances from the temporal pole. We found regional differences in pyramidal cell morphology, which showed large inter-individual variability in most of the morphological variables measured. However, some values remained similar in all cases. The smallest and least complex cells in the most posterior temporal region showed the greatest dendritic spine density. Neurons in the temporal pole showed the greatest sizes with the highest number of spines. Layer V cells were larger, more complex, and had a greater number of dendritic spines than those in layer III. The present results suggest that, while some aspects of pyramidal structure are conserved, there are specific variations across cortical regions, and species.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Dendrites ; Dendritic Spines/ultrastructure ; Epilepsy/pathology ; Epilepsy/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Individuality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuroimaging ; Neurons/ultrastructure ; Pyramidal Cells/ultrastructure ; Temporal Lobe/cytology ; Temporal Lobe/ultrastructure
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1077450-6
ISSN	1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
ISSN (online)	1460-2199
ISSN	1047-3211
DOI	10.1093/cercor/bhab034
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Human Purkinje cells outperform mouse Purkinje cells in dendritic complexity and computational capacity.

Masoli, Stefano / Sanchez-Ponce, Diana / Vrieler, Nora / Abu-Haya, Karin / Lerner, Vitaly / Shahar, Tal / Nedelescu, Hermina / Rizza, Martina Francesca / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / DeFelipe, Javier / Yarom, Yosef / Munoz, Alberto / D'Angelo, Egidio

Communications biology

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 5

Abstract: Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are among the largest neurons in the brain and have been extensively investigated in rodents. However, their morphological and physiological properties remain poorly understood in humans. In this study, we utilized high- ... ...

Abstract	Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are among the largest neurons in the brain and have been extensively investigated in rodents. However, their morphological and physiological properties remain poorly understood in humans. In this study, we utilized high-resolution morphological reconstructions and unique electrophysiological recordings of human Purkinje cells ex vivo to generate computational models and estimate computational capacity. An inter-species comparison showed that human Purkinje cell had similar fractal structures but were larger than those of mouse Purkinje cells. Consequently, given a similar spine density (2/μm), human Purkinje cell hosted approximately 7.5 times more dendritic spines than those of mice. Moreover, human Purkinje cells had a higher dendritic complexity than mouse Purkinje cells and usually emitted 2-3 main dendritic trunks instead of one. Intrinsic electro-responsiveness was similar between the two species, but model simulations revealed that the dendrites could process ~6.5 times (n = 51 vs. n = 8) more input patterns in human Purkinje cells than in mouse Purkinje cells. Thus, while human Purkinje cells maintained spike discharge properties similar to those of rodents during evolution, they developed more complex dendrites, enhancing computational capacity.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Purkinje Cells/physiology ; Cerebellum/physiology ; Neurons ; Dendrites/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-023-05689-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Editorial: Dendritic spines: from shape to function.

Heck, Nicolas / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth

Frontiers in neuroanatomy

2015 Volume 9, Page(s) 101

Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2452969-2
ISSN	1662-5129
ISSN	1662-5129
DOI	10.3389/fnana.2015.00101
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Article ; Online: Human Purkinje cells outperform mouse Purkinje cells in dendritic complexity and computational capacity

Stefano Masoli / Diana Sanchez-Ponce / Nora Vrieler / Karin Abu-Haya / Vitaly Lerner / Tal Shahar / Hermina Nedelescu / Martina Francesca Rizza / Ruth Benavides-Piccione / Javier DeFelipe / Yosef Yarom / Alberto Munoz / Egidio D’Angelo

Communications Biology, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2024 Volume 18

Abstract: Abstract Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are among the largest neurons in the brain and have been extensively investigated in rodents. However, their morphological and physiological properties remain poorly understood in humans. In this study, we ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are among the largest neurons in the brain and have been extensively investigated in rodents. However, their morphological and physiological properties remain poorly understood in humans. In this study, we utilized high-resolution morphological reconstructions and unique electrophysiological recordings of human Purkinje cells ex vivo to generate computational models and estimate computational capacity. An inter-species comparison showed that human Purkinje cell had similar fractal structures but were larger than those of mouse Purkinje cells. Consequently, given a similar spine density (2/μm), human Purkinje cell hosted approximately 7.5 times more dendritic spines than those of mice. Moreover, human Purkinje cells had a higher dendritic complexity than mouse Purkinje cells and usually emitted 2–3 main dendritic trunks instead of one. Intrinsic electro-responsiveness was similar between the two species, but model simulations revealed that the dendrites could process ~6.5 times (n = 51 vs. n = 8) more input patterns in human Purkinje cells than in mouse Purkinje cells. Thus, while human Purkinje cells maintained spike discharge properties similar to those of rodents during evolution, they developed more complex dendrites, enhancing computational capacity.
Keywords	Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparing basal dendrite branches in human and mouse hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with Bayesian networks.

Mihaljević, Bojan / Larrañaga, Pedro / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / DeFelipe, Javier / Bielza, Concha

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 18592

Abstract: Pyramidal neurons are the most common cell type in the cerebral cortex. Understanding how they differ between species is a key challenge in neuroscience. A recent study provided a unique set of human and mouse pyramidal neurons of the CA1 region of the ... ...

Abstract	Pyramidal neurons are the most common cell type in the cerebral cortex. Understanding how they differ between species is a key challenge in neuroscience. A recent study provided a unique set of human and mouse pyramidal neurons of the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and used it to compare the morphology of apical and basal dendritic branches of the two species. The study found inter-species differences in the magnitude of the morphometrics and similarities regarding their variation with respect to morphological determinants such as branch type and branch order. We use the same data set to perform additional comparisons of basal dendrites. In order to isolate the heterogeneity due to intrinsic differences between species from the heterogeneity due to differences in morphological determinants, we fit multivariate models over the morphometrics and the determinants. In particular, we use conditional linear Gaussian Bayesian networks, which provide a concise graphical representation of the independencies and correlations among the variables. We also extend the previous study by considering additional morphometrics and by formally testing whether a morphometric increases or decreases with the distance from the soma. This study introduces a multivariate methodology for inter-species comparison of morphology.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; Dendrites/physiology ; Female ; Hippocampus/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Models, Neurological ; Pyramidal Cells/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-73617-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Classification of GABAergic interneurons by leading neuroscientists.

Mihaljević, Bojan / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / Bielza, Concha / Larrañaga, Pedro / DeFelipe, Javier

Scientific data

2019 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 221

Abstract: There is currently no unique catalog of cortical GABAergic interneuron types. In 2013, we asked 48 leading neuroscientists to classify 320 interneurons by inspecting images of their morphology. That study was the first to quantify the degree of agreement ...

Abstract	There is currently no unique catalog of cortical GABAergic interneuron types. In 2013, we asked 48 leading neuroscientists to classify 320 interneurons by inspecting images of their morphology. That study was the first to quantify the degree of agreement among neuroscientists in morphology-based interneuron classification, showing high agreement for the chandelier and Martinotti types, yet low agreement for most of the remaining types considered. Here we present the dataset containing the classification choices by the neuroscientists according to interneuron type as well as to five prominent morphological features. These data can be used as crisp or soft training labels for learning supervised machine learning interneuron classifiers, while further analyses can try to pinpoint anatomical characteristics that make an interneuron especially difficult or especially easy to classify.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; GABAergic Neurons/classification ; GABAergic Neurons/cytology ; Humans ; Interneurons/classification ; Interneurons/cytology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Dataset ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2775191-0
ISSN	2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
ISSN (online)	2052-4463
ISSN	2052-4463
DOI	10.1038/s41597-019-0246-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Patterns of Dendritic Basal Field Orientation of Pyramidal Neurons in the Rat Somatosensory Cortex.

Leguey, Ignacio / Benavides-Piccione, Ruth / Rojo, Concepción / Larrañaga, Pedro / Bielza, Concha / DeFelipe, Javier

eNeuro

2019 Volume 5, Issue 6

Abstract: The study of neuronal dendritic orientation is of interest because it is related to how neurons grow dendrites to establish the synaptic input that neurons receive. The dendritic orientations of neurons in the nervous system vary, ranging from rather ... ...

Abstract	The study of neuronal dendritic orientation is of interest because it is related to how neurons grow dendrites to establish the synaptic input that neurons receive. The dendritic orientations of neurons in the nervous system vary, ranging from rather heterogeneously distributed (asymmetric) to homogeneously distributed (symmetric) dendritic arbors. Here, we analyze the dendritic orientation of the basal dendrites of intracellularly labeled pyramidal neurons from horizontal sections of Layers II-VI of the hindlimb somatosensory (S1HL) cortex of 14-d-old (P14) rats. We used circular statistics and proposed two new graphical descriptive representations of the neuron. We found that the dendritic pattern of most neurons was asymmetric. Furthermore, we found that there is a mixture of different types of orientations within any given group of neurons in any cortical layer. In addition, we investigated whether dendritic orientation was related to the physical location within the brain with respect to the anterior, dorsal, posterior and ventral directions. Generally, there was a preference towards the anterior orientation. A comparison between layers revealed that the preference for the anterior orientation was more pronounced in neurons located in Layers II, III, IV, and Va than for the neurons located in Layers Vb and VI. The dorsal orientation was the least preferred orientation in all layers, except for Layers IV and Va, where the ventral orientation had the lowest preference. Therefore, the orientation of basal dendritic arbors of pyramidal cells is variable and asymmetric, although a majority has a single orientation with a preference for the anterior direction in P14 rats.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Axons/physiology ; Dendrites/physiology ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Pyramidal Cells/cytology ; Pyramidal Cells/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Software ; Somatosensory Cortex/cytology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2800598-3
ISSN	2373-2822 ; 2373-2822
ISSN (online)	2373-2822
ISSN	2373-2822
DOI	10.1523/ENEURO.0142-18.2018
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