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  1. Article ; Online: Study on the chemical constituents and mechanism of Kai-Xin-San based on UPLC-Q-Exactive MS and network pharmacology.

    Shang, Bingxian / Jia, Shuhe / Zhang, Tong / Gao, Feng / Lu, Mingjun / Chen, Kedian / Jiao, Jingyi / Dai, Ziqi / Zeng, Qi / Xu, Bing / Lei, Haimin

    Journal of ethnopharmacology

    2023  Volume 322, Page(s) 117652

    Abstract: ... the characteristics of multi-components and multi-targets to treat diseases. Kai-Xin-San is a TCM formula applied ... of the study: To explore the effective components of Kai-Xin-San, investigate the effect of Kai-Xin-San ... on angiogenesis, screen and verify the related targets and possible mechanisms of Kai-Xin-San against VD ...

    Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance: Vascular disease (VD) is a kind of common disease harmful to the health of the middle-aged and elderly, which has the characteristics of long treatment cycle and high recurrence rate, and without effective method to treat so far. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of multi-components and multi-targets to treat diseases. Kai-Xin-San is a TCM formula applied for treating psychiatric diseases such as depression in China for thousands of years, and it has been used in clinical treatment of VD. But up to now, its active composition and mechanism are not clear.
    Aim of the study: To explore the effective components of Kai-Xin-San, investigate the effect of Kai-Xin-San on angiogenesis, screen and verify the related targets and possible mechanisms of Kai-Xin-San against VD.
    Materials and methods: UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS was performed to identify the chemical components of Kai-Xin-San. The mechanism of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways of Kai-Xin-San in the treatment of VD were explored by network pharmacology. And then, quail chick chorioallantoic membrane (qCAM) assays were used to evaluate the vascular protective activity of Kai-Xin-San. Evaluation of angiogenesis by calculating the relative vessels area. The levels of VEGFA and Akt1 in qCAM were measured by RT-PCR. Twenty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group, model group, Donepezil (0.45 mg/kg) group, Kai-Xin-San low dose group (0.1575 g/kg), Kai-Xin-San high dose group (0.63 g/kg). Two-vessel occlusion (2-VO) rat model is established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Kai-Xin-San pretreatment. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining is conducted to detect the morphological changes of neurons in the hippocampus.
    Results: Data showed that 62 compounds were identified in Kai-Xin-San. The network pharmacology results showed 73 compounds in Kai-Xin-San play a role in the treatment of VD, such as Ginsenoside Rh
    Conclusion: The complex chemical components of Kai-Xin-San play a synergistic role in the treatment of VD, and involve multiple pathways and targets. To protect blood vessels by promoting angiogenesis is one of the potential mechanisms of Kai-Xin-San in the treatment of VD. This study reveals that Kai-Xin-San protects the 2-VO model rats from ischemic injury by alleviating neuron damage in the hippocampus.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Network Pharmacology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis ; Molecular Docking Simulation
    Chemical Substances Kai-Xin-San ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-25
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 134511-4
    ISSN 1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
    ISSN (online) 1872-7573
    ISSN 0378-8741
    DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117652
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  2. Article: Kai-Xin-San protects against mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease through SIRT3/NLRP3 pathway.

    Su, ShiJie / Chen, Gongcan / Gao, Minghuang / Zhong, Guangcheng / Zhang, Zerong / Wei, Dongyun / Luo, Xue / Wang, Qi

    Chinese medicine

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 26

    Abstract: Background: Kai-Xin-San (KXS) has been reported to have a good curative impact on dementia ...

    Abstract Background: Kai-Xin-San (KXS) has been reported to have a good curative impact on dementia. The purpose of the study was to determine whether KXS might ameliorate cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice and to evaluate its neuroprotective mechanism.
    Methods: APP/PS1 mice were employed as an AD animal model; Aβ
    Results: The results indicated that KXS protected APP/PS1 mice against cognitive impairments. KXS suppressed neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress among APP/PS1 mice. KXS and KXS-containing serum improved mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic and neurotrophic factors regarding APP/PS1 mice. In addition, KXS and KXS-containing serum enhanced mitochondrial SIRT3 expression and reduced NLRP3 inflammasome expression in APP/PS1 mice.
    Conclusion: KXS improves cognitive dysfunction among APP/PS1 mice via regulating SIRT3-mediated neuronal cell apoptosis. These results suggested that KXS was proposed as a neuroprotective agent for AD progression.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2260322-0
    ISSN 1749-8546
    ISSN 1749-8546
    DOI 10.1186/s13020-023-00722-y
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  3. Article ; Online: Professor HUANG Sheng-Kai.

    Hu, Yi-Zhong / Gao, Ling

    Acta pharmacologica Sinica

    2016  Volume 37, Issue 12, Page(s) 1645

    MeSH term(s) China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacology/education ; Pharmacology/history
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1360774-1
    ISSN 1745-7254 ; 0253-9756 ; 1671-4083
    ISSN (online) 1745-7254
    ISSN 0253-9756 ; 1671-4083
    DOI 10.1038/aps.2016.132
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  4. Article: Qing-Kai-Ling Injection Induces Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction

    Gao, Yuan / Qi, Ruijuan / Zhang, Xiaoyu / Xu, Xudong / Han, Yixin / Fei, Qiaoling / Wang, Xiaojing / Cai, Runlan / Sun, Guibo / Qi, Yun

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2020  Volume 10, Page(s) 1524

    Abstract: Background and Objective: ...

    Abstract Background and Objective:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2019.01524
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  5. Article ; Online: Classic Prescription, Kai-Xin-San, Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease as an Effective Multitarget Treatment: From Neurotransmitter to Protein Signaling Pathway.

    Guo, Sirui / Wang, Jiahong / Xu, Huarong / Rong, Weiwei / Gao, Cheng / Yuan, Ziyue / Xie, Fucheng / Bi, Kaishun / Zhang, Zhou / Li, Qing

    Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

    2019  Volume 2019, Page(s) 9096409

    Abstract: ... in multiple pathomechanisms of AD. The anti-AD effect with multiple action targets of Kai-Xin-San (KXS ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disease caused by complicated disease-causing factors. Unsatisfactorily, curative effects of approved anti-AD drugs were not good enough due to their actions on single-target, which led to desperate requirements for more effective drug therapies involved in multiple pathomechanisms of AD. The anti-AD effect with multiple action targets of Kai-Xin-San (KXS), a classic prescription initially recorded in
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use ; Male ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology ; Rats
    Chemical Substances Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Kai-Xin-San
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1942-0994
    ISSN (online) 1942-0994
    DOI 10.1155/2019/9096409
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  6. Article ; Online: High-throughput lipidomics analysis to discover lipid biomarkers and profiles as potential targets for evaluating efficacy of Kai-Xin-San against APP/PS1 transgenic mice based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS.

    Zhang, Ai-Hua / Ma, Zhi-Ming / Kong, Ling / Gao, Hong-Lei / Sun, Hui / Wang, Xiang-Qian / Yu, Jing-Bo / Han, Ying / Yan, Guang-Li / Wang, Xi-Jun

    Biomedical chromatography : BMC

    2019  Volume 34, Issue 2, Page(s) e4724

    Abstract: ... development of AD is closely related to lipid metabolism disorders. To reveal the influence of Kai-Xin-San ...

    Abstract Lipid metabolism has a significant function in the central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related senile disease characterized by central nerve degeneration. The pathological development of AD is closely related to lipid metabolism disorders. To reveal the influence of Kai-Xin-San (KXS) on lipid metabolism in APP/PSI transgenic mice and potential therapeutic targets for treating AD, brain tissue samples were collected and analyzed by high-throughput lipidomics based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The collected raw data were processed by multivariate data analysis to discover the potential biomarkers and lipid metabolic profiles. Compared with the control wild-type mouse group, nine potential lipid biomarkers were found in the AD model group, of which seven were up-regulated and two were down-regulated. Orally administrated KXS can reverse the changes in these potential biomarkers. Compared with the model group, a total of six differential metabolites showed a recovery trend and may be potential targets for KXS to treat AD. This study showed that high-throughput lipidomics can be used to discover the perturbed pathways and lipid biomarkers as potential targets to reveal the therapeutic effects of KXS.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Lipidomics/methods ; Lipids/analysis ; Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Kai-Xin-San ; Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632848-9
    ISSN 1099-0801 ; 0269-3879
    ISSN (online) 1099-0801
    ISSN 0269-3879
    DOI 10.1002/bmc.4724
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    Zs.A 2166: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: The memory enhancement effect of Kai Xin San on cognitive deficit induced by simulated weightlessness in rats.

    Qiong, Wang / Yong-Liang, Zhang / Ying-Hui, Li / Shan-Guang, Chen / Jiang-Hui, Gao / Yi-Xi, Chen / Ning, Jiang / Xin-Min, Liu

    Journal of ethnopharmacology

    2016  Volume 187, Page(s) 9–16

    Abstract: ... The traditional Chinese herbal formula Kai Xin San (KXS) has been used to treat amnesia for thousands years. It is ...

    Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance: It is vital for astronauts to develop effective countermeasures to prevent their decline of cognitive performance in microgravity to make space-flight missions successful. The traditional Chinese herbal formula Kai Xin San (KXS) has been used to treat amnesia for thousands years. It is a traditional complex prescription comprising of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), hoelen (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf), polygala (Polygala tenaifolia Willd), and acorus (Acorus tatarinowii Schott). Previous study showed KXS could improve CMS-induced memory impairment in rats.
    Material and methods: In this paper, a unique environmental factor-microgravity (weightlessness) was simulated as hindlimb suspension (HLS) by tail in rats for two weeks as the HLS animal model. The KXS at the doses of 0.3 or 0.6g/kg p.o. daily was administrated to HLS rats for two weeks at the same time of HLS, the memory behavior tests were investigated with Morris water maze (MWM) and Shuttle Box (SB) test. The levels of ROS, 8-OHdG and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in the serum, and AChE and ChAT activity in the brain of rats were determined by ELISA or biochemical analysis.
    Results: After HLS for two weeks, the escape latency and the swimming distance were significantly increased in the MWM test in rats in the HLS group, compared with control group. The percent of swimming distance in target quadrant and the number of target crossing was significantly decreased in rats in the HLS group compared with the control group. Performance in the SB test showed, the numbers and the distance of active avoidance was decreased from day 4 to day 7, the time spent in electric area was increased in rats in the HLS group compared with the control group. Administration of KXS 0.3 or 0.6g/kg to the HLS rats for two weeks significantly reduced the escape latency and the swimming distance, increased the percentage of swimming distance in target quadrant and the number of target crossings (P<0.01, compared with the HLS group) in the MWM test. Similar treatment with KXS increased the numbers and the distance of active avoidance (P<0.01, compared with the HLS group) and reduced the time spent in electric area after training 3 days in the SB test (P<0.01, compared with the HLS group). The HLS induced the increase of the ROS, 8-OHdG and 3-NT in the serum of rats, but has little influence on the AChE, ChAT activity in the brain. Only the AChE activity in the cortex and the ChAT activity in the hippocampus had some changes in rats in the HLS model group. After administration of KXS 0.6g/kg for two weeks, the abnormal levels of ROS, 8-OHdG, 3-NT were found reversed in the serum of rats (P<0.05, compared with HLS model group). And KXS 0.3g/kg was found reversed the increased AChE activity in the cortex.
    Conclusions: Experimental results from this study show that KXS may improve memory deficiency induced by HLS, its mechanisms are major related to antioxidant activities, rather than the central cholinergic system.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/metabolism ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism ; Cognition Disorders/blood ; Cognition Disorders/drug therapy ; Cognition Disorders/metabolism ; Deoxyguanosine/analogs & derivatives ; Deoxyguanosine/blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use ; Escape Reaction/drug effects ; Hindlimb Suspension ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species/blood ; Swimming ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives ; Tyrosine/blood ; Weightlessness/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Kai-Xin-San ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; 3-nitrotyrosine (3604-79-3) ; Tyrosine (42HK56048U) ; 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine (88847-89-6) ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.6) ; Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) ; Deoxyguanosine (G9481N71RO)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-01
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 134511-4
    ISSN 1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
    ISSN (online) 1872-7573
    ISSN 0378-8741
    DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.070
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  8. Article: WU Ying-kai, a pioneer in cardiothoracic surgery in China.

    Wang, Zhong-gao / Balas, Panagiotis

    Chinese medical journal

    2008  Volume 121, Issue 2, Page(s) 190–191

    MeSH term(s) China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Thoracic Surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-01-20
    Publishing country China
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127089-8
    ISSN 0366-6999 ; 1002-0187
    ISSN 0366-6999 ; 1002-0187
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  9. Article ; Online: Comparative pharmacokinetic study of the components of Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San in normal and vascular dementia rats by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.

    Shi, Yiwei / Cao, Cheng / Zhu, Yue / Gao, Ting / Yang, Wen / Liu Mingzhu Qi, Mengqiu / Huang, Renjie / Qian, Dawei / Duan, Jin-Ao

    Journal of separation science

    2018  Volume 41, Issue 12, Page(s) 2504–2516

    Abstract: ... of extracts of Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San in normal and vascular dementia rats. The developed method was precise and ...

    Abstract A fast, sensitive, and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of geniposide, polygalaxanthone III, 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose, α-asarone, β-asarone, poricoic acid A, poricoic acid B, dehydrotumulosic acid, deoxyschizandrin, schizandrin B, and kaempferide in plasma after oral administration of extracts of Jia-Wei-Kai-Xin-San in normal and vascular dementia rats. The developed method was precise and accurate within the linearity range of the analytes. The lower limits of quantification were 1.04-2.68 ng/mL for all the analytes. Both intra- and inter day precision and accuracy of the analytes were all within accepted criteria. The mean extraction recoveries of the analytes and the internal standard from rat plasma were all >60.0%. The validated method had been successfully applied to compare pharmacokinetic profiles of the analytes in plasma of normal and vascular dementia rat treated with herbal extracts. Results indicated that differences existed between normal and vascular dementia model rats except dehydrotumulosic acid and kaempferide, which might be due to the pathology of vascular dementia and pharmacological effect of the analytes. These pharmacokinetic studies might benefit for the mechanism exploration and clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine formulae.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Dementia, Vascular/blood ; Dementia, Vascular/drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma/chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
    Chemical Substances Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Kai-Xin-San
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-23
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Comparative Study ; Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2047990-6
    ISSN 1615-9314 ; 1615-9306
    ISSN (online) 1615-9314
    ISSN 1615-9306
    DOI 10.1002/jssc.201701144
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  10. Article: The memory enhancement effect of Kai Xin San on cognitive deficit induced by simulated weightlessness in rats

    Qiong, Wang / Chen Shan-guang / Chen Yi-Xi / Gao Jiang-hui / Jiang Ning / Li Ying-hui / Liu Xin-Min / Zhang Yong-liang

    Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2016 July 01, v. 187

    2016  

    Abstract: ... herbal formula Kai Xin San (KXS) has been used to treat amnesia for thousands years. It is a traditional ...

    Abstract It is vital for astronauts to develop effective countermeasures to prevent their decline of cognitive performance in microgravity to make space-flight missions successful. The traditional Chinese herbal formula Kai Xin San (KXS) has been used to treat amnesia for thousands years. It is a traditional complex prescription comprising of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), hoelen (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf), polygala (Polygala tenaifolia Willd), and acorus (Acorus tatarinowii Schott). Previous study showed KXS could improve CMS-induced memory impairment in rats.In this paper, a unique environmental factor—microgravity (weightlessness) was simulated as hindlimb suspension (HLS) by tail in rats for two weeks as the HLS animal model. The KXS at the doses of 0.3 or 0.6g/kg p.o. daily was administrated to HLS rats for two weeks at the same time of HLS, the memory behavior tests were investigated with Morris water maze (MWM) and Shuttle Box (SB) test. The levels of ROS, 8-OHdG and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in the serum, and AChE and ChAT activity in the brain of rats were determined by ELISA or biochemical analysis.After HLS for two weeks, the escape latency and the swimming distance were significantly increased in the MWM test in rats in the HLS group, compared with control group. The percent of swimming distance in target quadrant and the number of target crossing was significantly decreased in rats in the HLS group compared with the control group. Performance in the SB test showed, the numbers and the distance of active avoidance was decreased from day 4 to day 7, the time spent in electric area was increased in rats in the HLS group compared with the control group.Administration of KXS 0.3 or 0.6g/kg to the HLS rats for two weeks significantly reduced the escape latency and the swimming distance, increased the percentage of swimming distance in target quadrant and the number of target crossings (P<0.01, compared with the HLS group) in the MWM test. Similar treatment with KXS increased the numbers and the distance of active avoidance (P<0.01, compared with the HLS group) and reduced the time spent in electric area after training 3 days in the SB test (P<0.01, compared with the HLS group).The HLS induced the increase of the ROS, 8-OHdG and 3-NT in the serum of rats, but has little influence on the AChE, ChAT activity in the brain. Only the AChE activity in the cortex and the ChAT activity in the hippocampus had some changes in rats in the HLS model group.After administration of KXS 0.6g/kg for two weeks, the abnormal levels of ROS, 8-OHdG, 3-NT were found reversed in the serum of rats (P<0.05, compared with HLS model group). And KXS 0.3g/kg was found reversed the increased AChE activity in the cortex.Experimental results from this study show that KXS may improve memory deficiency induced by HLS, its mechanisms are major related to antioxidant activities, rather than the central cholinergic system.
    Keywords acetylcholinesterase ; Acorus gramineus ; amnesia ; animal models ; antioxidant activity ; blood serum ; cognition ; cognitive disorders ; cortex ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; hippocampus ; memory ; microgravity ; Panax ginseng ; Polygala ; rats ; space flight ; swimming ; traditional medicine ; Wolfiporia cocos ; zero gravity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0701
    Size p. 9-16.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ireland Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 134511-4
    ISSN 1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
    ISSN (online) 1872-7573
    ISSN 0378-8741
    DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.070
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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