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  1. Article ; Online: Investigating the genome diversity of B. cereus and evolutionary aspects of B. anthracis emergence.

    Papazisi, Leka / Rasko, David A / Ratnayake, Shashikala / Bock, Geoff R / Remortel, Brian G / Appalla, Lakshmi / Liu, Jia / Dracheva, Tatiana / Braisted, John C / Shallom, Shamira / Jarrahi, Behnam / Snesrud, Erik / Ahn, Susie / Sun, Qiang / Rilstone, Jennifer / Okstad, Ole Andreas / Kolstø, Anne-Brit / Fleischmann, Robert D / Peterson, Scott N

    Genomics

    2011  Volume 98, Issue 1, Page(s) 26–39

    Abstract: ... of seven diverse B. cereus strains to identify novel sequences encoded in those genomes. The novel genes ... pXO1) and capsule genes (pXO2) represents a crucial landmark dictating the emergence of B. anthracis ...

    Abstract Here we report the use of a multi-genome DNA microarray to investigate the genome diversity of Bacillus cereus group members and elucidate the events associated with the emergence of Bacillus anthracis the causative agent of anthrax-a lethal zoonotic disease. We initially performed directed genome sequencing of seven diverse B. cereus strains to identify novel sequences encoded in those genomes. The novel genes identified, combined with those publicly available, allowed the design of a "species" DNA microarray. Comparative genomic hybridization analyses of 41 strains indicate that substantial heterogeneity exists with respect to the genes comprising functional role categories. While the acquisition of the plasmid-encoded pathogenicity island (pXO1) and capsule genes (pXO2) represents a crucial landmark dictating the emergence of B. anthracis, the evolution of this species and its close relatives was associated with an overall shift in the fraction of genes devoted to energy metabolism, cellular processes, transport, as well as virulence.
    MeSH term(s) Bacillus anthracis/genetics ; Bacillus anthracis/pathogenicity ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Bacterial ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Phylogeny ; Virulence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 356334-0
    ISSN 1089-8646 ; 0888-7543
    ISSN (online) 1089-8646
    ISSN 0888-7543
    DOI 10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.03.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for Bacillus cereus group bacteria.

    Tourasse, Nicolas J / Jolley, Keith A / Kolstø, Anne-Brit / Økstad, Ole Andreas

    Research in microbiology

    2023  Volume 174, Issue 6, Page(s) 104050

    Abstract: ... as warm-blooded animals including humans. While B. cereus is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of human disease ... species, and B. cereus group bacteria have been subject to analysis with a wide variety of phylogenetic ... typing systems. Here we present, based on analyses of 173 complete genomes from B. cereus group species ...

    Abstract Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) employs a strategy where the set of orthologous genes common to all members of a group of organisms are used for phylogenetic analysis of the group members. The Bacillus cereus group consists of species with pathogenicity towards insect species as well as warm-blooded animals including humans. While B. cereus is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of human disease conditions, including emesis and diarrhoea, Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic species with toxicity toward insect larvae, and therefore used as a biological pesticide worldwide. Bacillus anthracis is a classical obligate pathogen causing anthrax, an acute lethal condition in herbivores as well as humans, and which is endemic in many parts of the world. The group also includes a range of additional species, and B. cereus group bacteria have been subject to analysis with a wide variety of phylogenetic typing systems. Here we present, based on analyses of 173 complete genomes from B. cereus group species available in public databases, the identification of a set of 1568 core genes which were used to create a core genome multilocus typing scheme for the group which is implemented in the PubMLST system as an open online database freely available to the community. The new cgMLST system provides unprecedented resolution over existing phylogenetic analysis schemes covering the B. cereus group.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Bacillus ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Bacillus cereus/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Bacillus anthracis/genetics ; Genome, Bacterial/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-08
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1004220-9
    ISSN 1769-7123 ; 0923-2508
    ISSN (online) 1769-7123
    ISSN 0923-2508
    DOI 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104050
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  3. Article ; Online: SuperCAT: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis).

    Tourasse, Nicolas J / Kolstø, Anne-Brit

    Nucleic acids research

    2007  Volume 36, Issue Database issue, Page(s) D461–8

    Abstract: ... pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and ... B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents. To characterize the population structure and ... MLST data from all five schemes for the B. cereus group, accessible at http://mlstoslo.uio.no ...

    Abstract The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as B. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, B. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and B. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents. To characterize the population structure and epidemiology of these bacteria, five separate multilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemes have been developed, which makes results difficult to compare. Therefore, we have developed a database that compiles and integrates MLST data from all five schemes for the B. cereus group, accessible at http://mlstoslo.uio.no/. Supertree techniques were used to combine the phylogenetic information from analysis of all schemes and datasets, in order to produce an integrated view of the B. cereus group population. The database currently contains strain information and sequence data for 1029 isolates and 26 housekeeping gene fragments, which can be searched by keywords, MLST scheme, or sequence similarity. Supertrees can be browsed according to various criteria such as species, isolate source, or genetic distance, and subtrees containing strains of interest can be extracted. Besides analysis of the available data, the user has the possibility to enter her/his own sequences and compare them to the database and/or include them into the supertree reconstructions.
    MeSH term(s) Bacillus anthracis/classification ; Bacillus anthracis/genetics ; Bacillus cereus/classification ; Bacillus cereus/genetics ; Bacillus thuringiensis/classification ; Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Internet ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; User-Computer Interface
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-11-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gkm877
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  4. Article: Genetic structure of population of Bacillus cereus and B. thuringiensis isolates associated with periodontitis and other human infections.

    Helgason, E / Caugant, D A / Olsen, I / Kolstø, A B

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2000  Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 1615–1622

    Abstract: ... with periodontitis belonged to a single lineage, suggesting that specific clones of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis ...

    Abstract The genetic diversity and relationships among 35 Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates recovered from marginal and apical periodontitis in humans and from various other human infections were investigated using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. The strains were isolated in Norway, except for three strains isolated from periodontitis patients in Brazil. The genetic diversity of these strains was compared to that of 30 isolates from dairies in Norway and Finland. Allelic variation in 13 structural gene loci encoding metabolic enzymes was analyzed. Twelve of the 13 loci were polymorphic, and 48 unique electrophoretic types (ETs) were identified, representing multilocus genotypes. The mean genetic diversity among the 48 genotypes was 0.508. The genetic diversity of each source group of isolates varied from 0.241 (periodontal infection) to 0.534 (dairy). Cluster analysis revealed two major groups separated at a genetic distance of greater than 0.6. One cluster, ETs 1 to 13, included solely isolates from dairies, while the other cluster, ETs 14 to 49, included all of the human isolates as well as isolates from dairies in Norway and Finland. The isolates were serotyped using antiflagellar antiserum. A total of 14 distinct serotypes were observed. However, little association between serotyping and genotyping was seen. Most of the strains were also analyzed with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, showing the presence of extrachromosomal DNA in the size range of 15 to 600 kb. Our results indicate a high degree of heterogeneity among dairy strains. In contrast, strains isolated from humans had their genotypes in one cluster. Most strains from patients with periodontitis belonged to a single lineage, suggesting that specific clones of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis are associated with oral infections.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacillus cereus/genetics ; Bacillus cereus/isolation & purification ; Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics ; Bacillus thuringiensis/isolation & purification ; Dairying ; Electrophoresis/methods ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Enzymes/analysis ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Periodontitis/microbiology ; Serotyping
    Chemical Substances Enzymes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/JCM.38.4.1615-1622.2000
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Genetic diversity of Bacillus cereus/B. thuringiensis isolates from natural sources.

    Helgason, E / Caugant, D A / Lecadet, M M / Chen, Y / Mahillon, J / Lövgren, A / Hegna, I / Kvaløy, K / Kolstø, A B

    Current microbiology

    1998  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 80–87

    Abstract: The genetic diversity and relationships among 154 Bacillus cereus/B. thuringiensis isolates ... serotyped with B. thuringiensis flagellar antisera, and 28 distinct serotypes were identified. In general ... that B. cereus/B. thuringiensis from soil exhibit a high degree of recombination. ...

    Abstract The genetic diversity and relationships among 154 Bacillus cereus/B. thuringiensis isolates recovered from soil samples from five geographic areas in Norway were investigated with multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE). Cluster analysis revealed two major groups (designated cluster I and cluster II) separated at genetic distance greater than 0.55. Cluster I included 62 electrophoretic types (ETs) originating from all five locations, whereas, in cluster II, all but one isolate were from the same location. The isolates were also serotyped with B. thuringiensis flagellar antisera, and 28 distinct serotypes were identified. In general, serotyping did not show correlation to the genetic diversity of the isolates. The presence of IS231- and IS240-like transposable elements was detected in 14% of the strains of cluster II only. Parasporal crystals were observed in three strains; ten other strains were toxic to Trichoplusia ni. We conclude that B. cereus/B. thuringiensis from soil exhibit a high degree of recombination.
    MeSH term(s) Bacillus cereus/classification ; Bacillus cereus/genetics ; Bacillus cereus/isolation & purification ; Bacillus thuringiensis/classification ; Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics ; Bacillus thuringiensis/isolation & purification ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins ; DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Endotoxins/metabolism ; Genetic Variation ; Hemolysin Proteins ; Norway ; Pest Control, Biological ; Phylogeny ; Serotyping ; Soil Microbiology
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Bacterial Toxins ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Endotoxins ; Hemolysin Proteins ; insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 134238-1
    ISSN 1432-0991 ; 0343-8651
    ISSN (online) 1432-0991
    ISSN 0343-8651
    DOI 10.1007/s002849900343
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for Bacillus cereus group bacteria

    Tourasse, Nicolas J. / Jolley, Keith A. / Kolstø, Anne-Brit / Økstad, Ole Andreas

    Research in Microbiology. 2023 July, Aug., v. 174, no. 6 p.104050-

    2023  

    Abstract: ... as warm-blooded animals including humans. While B. cereus is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of human disease ... species, and B. cereus group bacteria have been subject to analysis with a wide variety of phylogenetic ... typing systems. Here we present, based on analyses of 173 complete genomes from B. cereus group species ...

    Abstract Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) employs a strategy where the set of orthologous genes common to all members of a group of organisms are used for phylogenetic analysis of the group members. The Bacillus cereus group consists of species with pathogenicity towards insect species as well as warm-blooded animals including humans. While B. cereus is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of human disease conditions, including emesis and diarrhoea, Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic species with toxicity toward insect larvae, and therefore used as a biological pesticide worldwide. Bacillus anthracis is a classical obligate pathogen causing anthrax, an acute lethal condition in herbivores as well as humans, and which is endemic in many parts of the world. The group also includes a range of additional species, and B. cereus group bacteria have been subject to analysis with a wide variety of phylogenetic typing systems. Here we present, based on analyses of 173 complete genomes from B. cereus group species available in public databases, the identification of a set of 1568 core genes which were used to create a core genome multilocus typing scheme for the group which is implemented in the PubMLST system as an open online database freely available to the community. The new cgMLST system provides unprecedented resolution over existing phylogenetic analysis schemes covering the B. cereus group.
    Keywords Bacillus anthracis ; Bacillus cereus ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; anthrax ; biopesticides ; databases ; diarrhea ; genome ; human diseases ; insects ; microbiology ; multilocus sequence typing ; opportunistic pathogens ; pathogenicity ; phylogeny ; research ; toxicity ; vomiting ; Bacillus cereus group ; cgMLST ; Core genome ; chewBBACA ; PubMLST
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Publishing place Elsevier Masson SAS
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1004220-9
    ISSN 1769-7123 ; 0923-2508
    ISSN (online) 1769-7123
    ISSN 0923-2508
    DOI 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104050
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Investigating the genome diversity of B. cereus and evolutionary aspects of B. anthracis emergence

    Papazisi, Leka / Rasko, David A / Ratnayake, Shashikala / Bock, Geoff R / Remortel, Brian G / Appalla, Lakshmi / Liu, Jia / Dracheva, Tatiana / Braisted, John C / Shallom, Shamira / Jarrahi, Behnam / Snesrud, Erik / Ahn, Susie / Sun, Qiang / Rilstone, Jennifer / Økstad, Ole Andreas / Kolstø, Anne-Brit / Fleischmann, Robert D / Peterson, Scott N

    Genomics. 2011 July, v. 98, no. 1

    2011  

    Abstract: ... of seven diverse B. cereus strains to identify novel sequences encoded in those genomes. The novel genes ... pXO1) and capsule genes (pXO2) represents a crucial landmark dictating the emergence of B. anthracis ...

    Abstract Here we report the use of a multi-genome DNA microarray to investigate the genome diversity of Bacillus cereus group members and elucidate the events associated with the emergence of Bacillus anthracis the causative agent of anthrax—a lethal zoonotic disease. We initially performed directed genome sequencing of seven diverse B. cereus strains to identify novel sequences encoded in those genomes. The novel genes identified, combined with those publicly available, allowed the design of a “species” DNA microarray. Comparative genomic hybridization analyses of 41 strains indicate that substantial heterogeneity exists with respect to the genes comprising functional role categories. While the acquisition of the plasmid-encoded pathogenicity island (pXO1) and capsule genes (pXO2) represents a crucial landmark dictating the emergence of B. anthracis, the evolution of this species and its close relatives was associated with an overall shift in the fraction of genes devoted to energy metabolism, cellular processes, transport, as well as virulence.
    Keywords Bacillus anthracis ; Bacillus cereus ; DNA microarrays ; anthrax ; comparative genomic hybridization ; energy metabolism ; evolution ; genes ; pathogenicity islands ; virulence
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-07
    Size p. 26-39.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 356334-0
    ISSN 1089-8646 ; 0888-7543
    ISSN (online) 1089-8646
    ISSN 0888-7543
    DOI 10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.03.008
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Genetic diversity of Bacillus cereus/B. thuringiensis isolates from natural sources

    Helgason, E / Caugant, D.A / Lecadet, M.M / Chen, Y / Mahillon, J / Lovgren, A / Hegna, I / Kvaloy, K / Kolsto, A.B

    Current microbiology. Aug 1998. v. 37 (2)

    1998  

    Abstract: The genetic diversity and relationships among 154 Bacillus cereus/B. thuringiensis isolates ... serotyped with B. thuringiensis flagellar antisera, and 28 distinct serotypes were identified. In general ... that B. cereus/B. thuringiensis from soil exhibit a high degree of recombination. ...

    Abstract The genetic diversity and relationships among 154 Bacillus cereus/B. thuringiensis isolates recovered from soil samples from five geographic areas in Norway were investigated with multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE). Cluster analysis revealed two major groups (designated cluster I and cluster II) separated at genetic distance greater than 0.55. Cluster I included 62 electrophoretic types (ETs) originating from all five locations, whereas, in cluster II, all but one isolate were from the same location. The isolates were also serotyped with B. thuringiensis flagellar antisera, and 28 distinct serotypes were identified. In general, serotyping did not show correlation to the genetic diversity of the isolates. The presence of IS231- and IS240-like transposable elements was detected in 14% of the strains of cluster II only. Parasporal crystals were observed in three strains; ten other strains were toxic to Trichoplusia ni. We conclude that B. cereus/B. thuringiensis from soil exhibit a high degree of recombination.
    Keywords Bacillus thuringiensis ; soil bacteria ; geographical distribution ; toxicity ; Trichoplusia ni ; Norway
    Language English
    Dates of publication 1998-08
    Size p. 80-87.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 134238-1
    ISSN 1432-0991 ; 0343-8651
    ISSN (online) 1432-0991
    ISSN 0343-8651
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Et allmenndannende naturfag. Fagets betydning for demokratisk deltakelse

    Stein Dankert Kolstø

    Nordina: Nordic Studies in Science Education, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 82-

    2012  Volume 99

    Abstract: ... Jorde & B. Bungum, ISBN 82-05-31477-2), utgitt på Gyldendal Akademisk i. Kapitlet gjengis i NorDiNa ...

    Abstract Artikkelen har vært trykket i boka Naturfagdidaktikk – perspektiver, forskning, utvikling (Red.: D. Jorde & B. Bungum, ISBN 82-05-31477-2), utgitt på Gyldendal Akademisk i. Kapitlet gjengis i NorDiNa etter avtale med forlaget og forfatteren.
    Keywords Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Science ; Q
    Language Danish
    Publishing date 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Oslo
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Et allmenndannende naturfag. Fagets betydning for demokratisk deltakelse

    Stein Dankert Kolstø

    Nordina: Nordic Studies in Science Education, Vol 2, Iss

    2012  Volume 3

    Abstract: ... Jorde & B. Bungum, ISBN 82-05-31477-2), utgitt på Gyldendal Akademisk i. Kapitlet gjengis i NorDiNa ...

    Abstract Artikkelen har vært trykket i boka Naturfagdidaktikk – perspektiver, forskning, utvikling (Red.: D. Jorde & B. Bungum, ISBN 82-05-31477-2), utgitt på Gyldendal Akademisk i. Kapitlet gjengis i NorDiNa etter avtale med forlaget og forfatteren.
    Keywords Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Science ; Q
    Language Danish
    Publishing date 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher University of Oslo
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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