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Article ; Online: Radiographic Imaging of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Case-Based Review.

Washington, Lacey / O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Christensen, Jared D / McAdams, H Page

Infectious disease clinics of North America

2024 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–33

Abstract: The chest radiograph is the most common imaging examination performed in most radiology departments, and one of the more common indications for these studies is suspected infection. Radiologists must therefore be aware of less common radiographic ... ...

Abstract	The chest radiograph is the most common imaging examination performed in most radiology departments, and one of the more common indications for these studies is suspected infection. Radiologists must therefore be aware of less common radiographic patterns of pulmonary infection if they are to add value in the interpretation of chest radiographs for this indication. This review uses a case-based format to illustrate a range of imaging findings that can be associated with acute pulmonary infection and highlight findings that should prompt investigation for diseases other than community-acquired pneumonia to prevent misdiagnosis and delays in appropriate management.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Radiography, Thoracic/methods ; Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Diagnostic Errors ; Community-Acquired Infections/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1077676-x
ISSN	1557-9824 ; 0891-5520
ISSN (online)	1557-9824
ISSN	0891-5520
DOI	10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.008
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Article ; Online: MR Imaging for the Evaluation of Diffuse Lung Disease: Where Are We?

O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Driehuys, Bastiaan / Mammarappallil, Joseph

Radiologic clinics of North America

2022 Volume 60, Issue 6, Page(s) 1021–1032

Abstract: Patients with diffuse lung diseases require thorough medical and social history and physical examinations, coupled with a multitude of laboratory tests, pulmonary function tests, and radiologic imaging to discern and manage the specific disease. This ... ...

Abstract	Patients with diffuse lung diseases require thorough medical and social history and physical examinations, coupled with a multitude of laboratory tests, pulmonary function tests, and radiologic imaging to discern and manage the specific disease. This review summarizes the current state of imaging of various diffuse lung diseases by hyperpolarized MR imaging. The potential of hyperpolarized MR imaging as a clinical tool is outlined as a novel imaging approach that enables further understanding of the cause of diffuse lung diseases, permits earlier detection of disease progression before that found with pulmonary function tests, and can delineate physiologic response to lung therapies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Xenon Isotopes
Chemical Substances	Xenon Isotopes
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	215712-3
ISSN	1557-8275 ; 0033-8389
ISSN (online)	1557-8275
ISSN	0033-8389
DOI	10.1016/j.rcl.2022.06.007
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Article ; Online: Portable Chest Radiography: Must-Know Findings and Mimics.

Strickland, Leah R / Henry, Travis S / McAdams, H Page / Tailor, Tina D / O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Heyneman, Laura E

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc

2023 Volume 43, Issue 9, Page(s) e220132

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603172-9
ISSN	1527-1323 ; 0271-5333
ISSN (online)	1527-1323
ISSN	0271-5333
DOI	10.1148/rg.220132
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Article ; Online: Radiographic Imaging of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Case-Based Review.

Washington, Lacey / O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Christensen, Jared D / McAdams, H Page

Radiologic clinics of North America

2022 Volume 60, Issue 3, Page(s) 371–381

Abstract	The chest radiograph is the most common imaging examination performed in most radiology departments, and one of the more common indications for these studies is suspected infection. Radiologists must therefore be aware of less common radiographic patterns of pulmonary infection if they are to add value in the interpretation of chest radiographs for this indication. This review uses a case-based format to illustrate a range of imaging findings that can be associated with acute pulmonary infection and highlight findings that should prompt investigation for diseases other than community-acquired pneumonia to prevent misdiagnosis and delays in appropriate management.
MeSH term(s)	Community-Acquired Infections/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Pneumonia/diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Radiography, Thoracic/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	215712-3
ISSN	1557-8275 ; 0033-8389
ISSN (online)	1557-8275
ISSN	0033-8389
DOI	10.1016/j.rcl.2022.01.011
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Article ; Online: Image quality of photon counting and energy integrating chest CT - Prospective head-to-head comparison on same patients.

Schwartz, Fides R / Ria, Francesco / McCabe, Cindy / Zarei, Mojtaba / Rajagopal, Jayasai / Molvin, Lior / Marin, Daniele / O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Kalisz, Kevin R / Tailor, Tina D / Washington, Lacey / Henry, Travis / Samei, Ehsan

European journal of radiology

2023 Volume 166, Page(s) 111014

Abstract: Purpose: To prospectively compare the image quality of high-resolution, low-dose photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) with standard energy-integrating-detector CT (EID) on the same patients.: Method: IRB-approved, prospective study; patients received ...

Abstract	Purpose: To prospectively compare the image quality of high-resolution, low-dose photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) with standard energy-integrating-detector CT (EID) on the same patients. Method: IRB-approved, prospective study; patients received same-day non-contrast CT on EID and PCD-CT (NAEOTOM Alpha, blinded) with clinical protocols. Four blinded radiologists evaluated subsegmental bronchial wall definition, noise, and overall image quality in randomized order (0 = worst; 100 = best). Cases were quantitatively compared using the average Global-Noise-Index (GNI), Noise-Power-Spectrum average frequency (f Results: Sixty patients were prospectively imaged (27 men, mean age 67 ± 10 years, mean BMI 27.9 ± 6.5, 15.9-49.4 kg/m Conclusion: Though PCD-CT had higher measured and perceived noise, it offered equivalent or better diagnostic quality compared to EID at lower radiation doses, due to its improved resolution.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Clinical Protocols ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Photons ; Prospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-26
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	138815-0
ISSN	1872-7727 ; 0720-048X
ISSN (online)	1872-7727
ISSN	0720-048X
DOI	10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111014
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Article: Noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension with hyperpolarised

Bier, Elianna A / Alenezi, Fawaz / Lu, Junlan / Wang, Ziyi / Mammarappallil, Joseph G / O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Erkanli, Alaattin / Driehuys, Bastiaan / Rajagopal, Sudarshan

ERJ open research

2022 Volume 8, Issue 2

Abstract: Background: The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains challenging. Pre- and post-capillary PH have different signatures on noninvasive : Methods: 129: Results: For pre-capillary PH, : Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential ...

Abstract	Background: The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains challenging. Pre- and post-capillary PH have different signatures on noninvasive Methods: 129 Results: For pre-capillary PH, Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential to develop
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2827830-6
ISSN	2312-0541
ISSN	2312-0541
DOI	10.1183/23120541.00035-2022
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Article ; Online: Noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension with hyperpolarised 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy

Elianna A. Bier / Fawaz Alenezi / Junlan Lu / Ziyi Wang / Joseph G. Mammarappallil / Bryan O'Sullivan-Murphy / Alaattin Erkanli / Bastiaan Driehuys / Sudarshan Rajagopal

ERJ Open Research, Vol 8, Iss

2022 Volume 2

Abstract: Background The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains challenging. Pre- and post-capillary PH have different signatures on noninvasive 129Xe gas-exchange magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic MR spectroscopy (MRS). We tested the accuracy ...

Abstract	Background The diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains challenging. Pre- and post-capillary PH have different signatures on noninvasive 129Xe gas-exchange magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic MR spectroscopy (MRS). We tested the accuracy of 129Xe MRI/MRS to diagnose PH status compared to right heart catheterisation (RHC). Methods 129Xe MRI/MRS from 93 subjects was used to develop a diagnostic algorithm, which was tested in 32 patients undergoing RHC on the same day (n=20) or within 5 months (42±40 days) (n=12). Three expert readers, blinded to RHC, used 129Xe MRI/MRS to classify subjects as pre-capillary PH, post-capillary PH, no PH and no interstitial lung disease (ILD), or ILD. Results For pre-capillary PH, 129Xe MRI/MRS diagnostic accuracy was 75% (95% CI 66–84) with a sensitivity of 67% (95% CI 54–79) and a specificity of 86% (95% CI 75–96); for post-capillary PH accuracy was 69% (95% CI 59–78) with sensitivity of 54% (95% CI 34–74) and specificity of 74% (95% CI 63–84). The model performed well in straightforward cases of pre-capillary PH but was less accurate in its diagnosis in the presence of mixed disease, particularly in the presence of ILD or combined post- and pre-capillary PH. Conclusion This study demonstrates the potential to develop 129Xe MRI/MRS into a modality with good accuracy in detecting pre- and post-capillary PH. Furthermore, the combination of 129Xe dynamic MRS and gas-exchange MRI uniquely provide concurrent, noninvasive assessment of both haemodynamics and gas-exchange impairment that may aid in the detection of PH.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	European Respiratory Society
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: ER stress as a trigger for β-cell dysfunction and autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes.

O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Urano, Fumihiko

Diabetes

2012 Volume 61, Issue 4, Page(s) 780–781

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/physiology ; Female ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/cytology ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology ; Stress, Physiological/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80085-5
ISSN	1939-327X ; 0012-1797
ISSN (online)	1939-327X
ISSN	0012-1797
DOI	10.2337/db12-0091
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Article ; Online: Pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated by the IRE1 pathway contributes to pre-insulitic beta cell apoptosis in a virus-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes.

Yang, Chaoxing / Diiorio, Philip / Jurczyk, Agata / O'Sullivan-Murphy, Bryan / Urano, Fumihiko / Bortell, Rita

Diabetologia

2013 Volume 56, Issue 12, Page(s) 2638–2646

Abstract: Aims/hypothesis: We hypothesised that pathological endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to beta cell death during development of type 1 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of beta cell ER stress and the signalling pathways ... ...

Abstract	Aims/hypothesis: We hypothesised that pathological endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to beta cell death during development of type 1 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of beta cell ER stress and the signalling pathways involved during discrete stages of autoimmune diabetes progression. The virus-inducible BBDR rat model was used to systematically interrogate the three main ER stress signalling pathways (IRE1 [inositol-requiring protein-1], PERK [double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR)-like ER kinase] and ATF6 [activating transcription factor 6]) in pancreatic beta cells during type 1 diabetes development. Methods: ER stress and apoptotic markers were assessed by immunoblot analyses of isolated pancreatic islets and immunofluorescence staining of pancreas sections from control and virus-induced rats. Various time points were analysed: (1) early stages preceding the development of insulitis and (2) a late stage during onset and progression of insulitis, which precedes overt hyperglycaemia. Results: The IRE1 pathway, including its downstream component X-box-binding protein 1, was specifically activated in pancreatic beta cells of virus-induced rats at early stages preceding the development of insulitis. Furthermore, ER stress-specific pro-apoptotic caspase 12 and effector caspase 3 were also activated at this stage. Activation of PERK and its downstream effector pro-apoptotic CHOP (CCAAT/-enhancer-binding-protein homologous protein), only occurred during late stages of diabetes induction concurrent with insulitis, whereas ATF6 activation in pancreatic beta cells was similar in control and virus-induced rats. Conclusions/interpretation: Activation of the IRE1 pathway and ER stress-specific pro-apoptotic caspase 12, before the development of insulitis, are indicative of ER stress-mediated beta cell damage. The early occurrence of pathological ER stress and death in pancreatic beta cells may contribute to the initiation and/or progression of virus-induced autoimmune diabetes.
MeSH term(s)	Activating Transcription Factor 6/metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Female ; Immunoblotting ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor CHOP/metabolism ; eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Activating Transcription Factor 6 ; Atf6 protein, rat ; Ddit3 protein, rat ; Membrane Proteins ; Transcription Factor CHOP (147336-12-7) ; Ern2 protein, rat (EC 2.7.1.-) ; PERK kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; eIF-2 Kinase (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-10-01
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1694-9
ISSN	1432-0428 ; 0012-186X
ISSN (online)	1432-0428
ISSN	0012-186X
DOI	10.1007/s00125-013-3044-4
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Article: Role of ultrasound in the evaluation of first-trimester pregnancies in the acute setting.

Murugan, Venkatesh A / Murphy, Bryan O'Sullivan / Dupuis, Carolyn / Goldstein, Alan / Kim, Young H

Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea)

2019 Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 178–189

Abstract: In patients presenting for an evaluation of pregnancy in the first trimester, transvaginal ultrasound is the modality of choice for establishing the presence of an intrauterine pregnancy; evaluating pregnancy viability, gestational age, and multiplicity; ...

Abstract	In patients presenting for an evaluation of pregnancy in the first trimester, transvaginal ultrasound is the modality of choice for establishing the presence of an intrauterine pregnancy; evaluating pregnancy viability, gestational age, and multiplicity; detecting pregnancy-related complications; and diagnosing ectopic pregnancy. In this pictorial review article, the sonographic appearance of a normal intrauterine gestation and the most common complications of pregnancy in the first trimester in the acute setting are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-16
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775801-1
ISSN	2288-5943 ; 2288-5919
ISSN (online)	2288-5943
ISSN	2288-5919
DOI	10.14366/usg.19043
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