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Article ; Online: Quantified impacts of non-pharmaceutical interventions on influenza circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic in 13 African countries, 2020-2022.

Gharpure, Radhika / Olsen, Sonja J / Davis, William W

2024 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) e13241

Abstract: Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for SARS-CoV-2 disrupted circulation of influenza. We used data from 13 African countries and generalized linear models to identify associations between levels of NPIs, using the Oxford Stringency Index, and ... ...

Abstract	Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for SARS-CoV-2 disrupted circulation of influenza. We used data from 13 African countries and generalized linear models to identify associations between levels of NPIs, using the Oxford Stringency Index, and seasonal influenza activity, using parameters derived from 2020-2022 seasonal influenza surveillance. We found that for each step increase in school closings, the average percentage of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza across the influenza season dropped by 20% (95% CI: 1-38%); no other NPI was significant. These findings may inform interventions to slow influenza circulation in pandemics and possibly during seasonal epidemics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Africa/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2274538-5
ISSN	1750-2659 ; 1750-2640
ISSN (online)	1750-2659
ISSN	1750-2640
DOI	10.1111/irv.13241
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Book: Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2016-17 influenza season

Grohskopf, Lisa A. / Sokolow, Leslie Z. / Broder, Karen R. / Olsen, Sonja J. / Karron, Ruth A. / Jernigan, Daniel B. / Bresee, Joseph S.

(Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports ; vol. 65, no. 5 (August 26, 2016))

2016

Author's details	Lisa A. Grohskopf, MD; Leslie Z. Sokolow, MSc, MPH; Karen R. Broder, MD; Sonja J. Olsen, PhD; Ruth A. Karron, MD; Daniel B. Jernigan, MD; Joseph S. Bresee, MD
Series title	Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports ; vol. 65, no. 5 (August 26, 2016) Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Collection	Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Language	English
Size	52 Seiten
Publisher	U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Publishing place	Atlanta, GA
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT019210893
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: The role of non-pharmaceutical interventions on influenza circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic in nine tropical Asian countries.

Davis, William W / Mott, Joshua A / Olsen, Sonja J

Influenza and other respiratory viruses

2022 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 568–576

Abstract: Background: Low global influenza circulation was reported during the coronavirus-19 pandemic. We explored relationships between non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and influenza in tropical Asian countries.: Methods: Using World Health ... ...

Abstract	Background: Low global influenza circulation was reported during the coronavirus-19 pandemic. We explored relationships between non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and influenza in tropical Asian countries. Methods: Using World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance data from 2015 to 2019 and the WHO shiny app, we constructed expected seasonal influenza epidemic curves from March 2020 to June 2021 and compared the timing, and average percent positivity with observed data. We used multivariate regression to test associations between ordinal NPI data (from the Oxford Stringency Index) 4 weeks before the expected 2020/21 epidemics and present adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) or relative proportion ratio (RPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Data from nine countries predicted 18 seasonal epidemics; seven were observed. Five started 6-24 weeks later, and all were 4-21 weeks shorter than expected. Five epidemics had lower maximum peak values (percent positivity), and all but one had lower average percent positivity than expected. All countries implemented NPIs. Each increased level of school closure reduced risk of an epidemic by 43% (IRR = 0.57, CI: 0.34, 0.95). Each increased level of canceling public events reduced the average percent positivity across the season by 44% (RPR = 0.56, CI: 0.39, 0.82) and each increased level in restricting internal movements reduced it by 41% (RPR = 0.59, CI: 0.36, 0.96). Other NPIs were not associated with changes. Conclusions: Among nine countries, the 2020/21 seasonal epidemics were delayed, shorter, and less intense than expected. Although layered NPIs were difficult to tease apart, school closings, canceling public events, and restricting internal movements before influenza circulation seemed to reduce transmission.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seasons
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2274538-5
ISSN	1750-2659 ; 1750-2640
ISSN (online)	1750-2659
ISSN	1750-2640
DOI	10.1111/irv.12953
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Article ; Online: Re-emergence of influenza virus circulation during 2020 in parts of tropical Asia: Implications for other countries.

Mott, Joshua A / Fry, Alicia M / Kondor, Rebecca / Wentworth, David E / Olsen, Sonja J

Influenza and other respiratory viruses

2021 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 415–418

MeSH term(s)	Asia/epidemiology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2274538-5
ISSN	1750-2659 ; 1750-2640
ISSN (online)	1750-2659
ISSN	1750-2640
DOI	10.1111/irv.12844
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Article ; Online: The durability of previous examinations for cancer: Danish nationwide cohort study.

Lykkegaard, Jesper / Olsen, Jonas Kanstrup / Wehberg, Sonja / Jarbøl, Dorte Ejg

Scandinavian journal of primary health care

2024 Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 246–253

Abstract: Objective: Patients previously examined for cancer with a negative result may present in general practice with ongoing or new symptoms or signs suggestive of cancer. This paper explores the potential existence of a relatively safe period for cancer ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Patients previously examined for cancer with a negative result may present in general practice with ongoing or new symptoms or signs suggestive of cancer. This paper explores the potential existence of a relatively safe period for cancer occurrence after receiving negative examination results for specific types of cancer, including lung (CT thorax), upper gastrointestinal (gastroscopy), colorectal (colonoscopy), bladder (cystoscopy), and breast (clinical mammography). Design: Register-based time-to-event analyses. Setting: Denmark. Subjects: All 3.3 million citizens aged 30-85 years who on January first, 2017, had not previously been diagnosed with the specific type of cancer were categorized based on the time since their most recent examination. Main outcome measures: Using 1-year follow-up, we calculated the age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios of being diagnosed with the related cancer, with non-examined individuals as reference. Negative examination results were defined as the absence of a cancer diagnosis within 6 months following the examination. Results: Previous negative examination results were common, also among those diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. For 10 years after a negative colonoscopy the risk of diagnosing a colorectal cancer was nearly halved. However, already 1 year after a clinical mammography and 2 years after a CT thorax the risk of diagnosing the related cancers was significantly higher among those with a previous negative result compared to non-examined individuals. Conclusion: This study did not identify a post-examination period in which the cancer risk, compared to non-examined individuals, was sufficiently low to confidently rule out any of the investigated cancers.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; General Practice ; Physical Examination ; Denmark/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605763-9
ISSN	1502-7724 ; 0281-3432 ; 0284-6020
ISSN (online)	1502-7724
ISSN	0281-3432 ; 0284-6020
DOI	10.1080/02813432.2024.2305942
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Article ; Online: Preparing trainees for telemedicine: a virtual OSCE pilot.

Sartori, Daniel J / Olsen, Sonja / Weinshel, Elizabeth / Zabar, Sondra R

Medical education

2019 Volume 53, Issue 5, Page(s) 517–518

MeSH term(s)	Clinical Competence/standards ; Communication ; Education, Medical, Graduate ; Educational Measurement/standards ; Humans ; Patient Simulation ; Pilot Projects ; Telemedicine ; Training Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	195274-2
ISSN	1365-2923 ; 0308-0110
ISSN (online)	1365-2923
ISSN	0308-0110
DOI	10.1111/medu.13851
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Article ; Online: The role of asymptomatic infections in influenza transmission: what do we really know.

Montgomery, Martha P / Morris, Sinead E / Rolfes, Melissa A / Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya / Samuels, Aaron M / Biggerstaff, Matthew / Davis, William W / Reed, Carrie / Olsen, Sonja J

The Lancet. Infectious diseases

2023

Abstract: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of asymptomatic influenza virus infections in influenza transmission was uncertain. However, the importance of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 for onward transmission of COVID-19 has led experts to question ... ...

Abstract	Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of asymptomatic influenza virus infections in influenza transmission was uncertain. However, the importance of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 for onward transmission of COVID-19 has led experts to question whether the role of asymptomatic influenza virus infections in transmission had been underappreciated. We discuss the existing evidence on the frequency of asymptomatic influenza virus infections, the extent to which they contribute to infection transmission, and remaining knowledge gaps. We propose priority areas for further evaluation, study designs, and case definitions to address existing knowledge gaps.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2061641-7
ISSN	1474-4457 ; 1473-3099
ISSN (online)	1474-4457
ISSN	1473-3099
DOI	10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00619-9
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Zs.A 5743: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Spotlight influenza: Laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza in people with acute respiratory illness: a literature review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 2004 to 2017.

Belazi, Sara / Olsen, Sonja J / Brown, Caroline / Green, Helen K / Mook, Piers / Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan / Penttinen, Pasi / Lansbury, Louise

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

2021 Volume 26, Issue 39

Abstract: BackgroundAcross the World Health Organization European Region, there are few estimates of the proportion of people seeking medical care for influenza-like illness or acute respiratory infections and who have laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza ... ...

Abstract	BackgroundAcross the World Health Organization European Region, there are few estimates of the proportion of people seeking medical care for influenza-like illness or acute respiratory infections and who have laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza infection.MethodsWe conducted a meta-analysis of data extracted from studies published between 2004 and 2017 and from sentinel data from the European surveillance system (TESSy) between 2004 and 2018. We pooled within-season estimates by influenza type/subtype, setting (outpatient (OP)/inpatient (IP)) and age group to estimate the proportion of people tested who have laboratory-confirmed and medically-attended seasonal influenza in Europe.ResultsIn the literature review, the pooled proportion for all influenza types was 33% (95% confidence interval (CI): 30-36), higher among OP 36% (95% CI: 33-40) than IP 24% (95% CI: 20-29). Pooled estimates for all influenza types by age group were: 0-17 years, 26% (22-31); 18-64 years, 41% (32-50); ≥ 65 years, 33% (27-40). From TESSy data, 33% (31-34) of OP and 24% (21-27) of IP were positive. The highest proportion of influenza A was in people aged 18-64 years (22%, 16-29). By subtype, A(H1N1)pdm09 was highest in 18-64 year-olds (16%, 11-21%) whereas A(H3N2) was highest in those ≥ 65 years (10%, 2-22). For influenza B, the highest proportion of infections was in those aged 18-64 years (15%, 9-24).ConclusionsLaboratory-confirmed influenza accounted for approximately one third of all acute respiratory infections for which medical care was sought during the influenza season.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/diagnosis ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Laboratories ; Seasons ; Sentinel Surveillance ; World Health Organization
Chemical Substances	Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review
ZDB-ID	1338803-4
ISSN	1560-7917 ; 1025-496X
ISSN (online)	1560-7917
ISSN	1025-496X
DOI	10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.39.2000343
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Zs.A 5066: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Seasonal Incidence of Symptomatic Influenza in the United States.

Tokars, Jerome I / Olsen, Sonja J / Reed, Carrie

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2017 Volume 66, Issue 10, Page(s) 1511–1518

Abstract: Background: The seasonal incidence of influenza is often approximated as 5%-20%.: Methods: We used 2 methods to estimate the seasonal incidence of symptomatic influenza in the United States. First, we made a statistical estimate extrapolated from ... ...

Abstract	Background: The seasonal incidence of influenza is often approximated as 5%-20%. Methods: We used 2 methods to estimate the seasonal incidence of symptomatic influenza in the United States. First, we made a statistical estimate extrapolated from influenza-associated hospitalization rates for 2010-2011 to 2015-2016, collected as part of national surveillance, covering approximately 9% of the United States, and including the existing mix of vaccinated and unvaccinated persons. Second, we performed a literature search and meta-analysis of published manuscripts that followed cohorts of subjects during 1996-2016 to detect laboratory-confirmed symptomatic influenza among unvaccinated persons; we adjusted this result to the US median vaccination coverage and effectiveness during 2010-2016. Results: The statistical estimate of influenza incidence among all ages ranged from 3.0%-11.3% among seasons, with median values of 8.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.3%-9.7%) for all ages, 9.3% (95% CI, 8.2%-11.1%) for children <18 years, and 8.9% (95% CI, 8.2%-9.9%) for adults 18-64 years. Corresponding values for the meta-analysis were 7.1% (95% CI, 6.1%-8.1%) for all ages, 8.7% (95% CI, 6.6%-10.5%) for children, and 5.1% (95% CI, 3.6%-6.6%) for adults. Conclusions: The 2 approaches produced comparable results for children and persons of all ages. The statistical estimates are more versatile and permit estimation of season-to-season variation. During 2010-2016, the incidence of symptomatic influenza among vaccinated and unvaccinated US residents, including both medically attended and nonattended infections, was approximately 8% and varied from 3% to 11% among seasons.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seasons ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/cix1060
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Zs.A 1505: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Avian influenza A(H5) virus circulation in live bird markets in Vietnam, 2017-2022.

Nguyen, Diep T / Sumner, Kelsey M / Nguyen, Thoa T M / Phan, Minh Q / Hoang, Tien M / Vo, Chuong D / Nguyen, Tho D / Nguyen, Phuong T / Yang, Genyan / Jang, Yunho / Jones, Joyce / Olsen, Sonja J / Gould, Philip L / Nguyen, Long V / Davis, Charles Todd

Influenza and other respiratory viruses

2023 Volume 17, Issue 12, Page(s) e13245

Abstract: Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) human infections are a global concern, with many A(H5) human cases detected in Vietnam, including a case in October 2022. Using avian influenza virus surveillance from March 2017-September 2022, we ... ...

Abstract	Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) human infections are a global concern, with many A(H5) human cases detected in Vietnam, including a case in October 2022. Using avian influenza virus surveillance from March 2017-September 2022, we described the percent of pooled samples that were positive for avian influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) viruses in live bird markets (LBMs) in Vietnam. Methods: Monthly at each LBM, 30 poultry oropharyngeal swab specimens and five environmental samples were collected. Samples were pooled in groups of five and tested for influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) viruses by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Trends in the percent of pooled samples that were positive for avian influenza were summarized by LBM characteristics and time and compared with the number of passively detected avian influenza outbreaks using Spearman's rank correlation. Results: A total of 25,774 pooled samples were collected through active surveillance at 167 LBMs in 24 provinces; 36.9% of pooled samples were positive for influenza A, 3.6% A(H5), 1.9% A(H5N1), 1.1% A(H5N6), and 0.2% A(H5N8). Influenza A(H5) viruses were identified January-December and at least once in 91.7% of sampled provinces. In 246 A(H5) outbreaks in poultry; 20.3% were influenza A(H5N1), 60.2% A(H5N6), and 19.5% A(H5N8); outbreaks did not correlate with active surveillance. Conclusions: In Vietnam, influenza A(H5) viruses were detected by active surveillance in LBMs year-round and in most provinces sampled. In addition to outbreak reporting, active surveillance for A(H5) viruses in settings with high potential for animal-to-human spillover can provide situational awareness.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza in Birds/epidemiology ; Vietnam/epidemiology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics ; Disease Outbreaks ; Influenza A Virus, H5N8 Subtype ; Influenza A virus/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2274538-5
ISSN	1750-2659 ; 1750-2640
ISSN (online)	1750-2659
ISSN	1750-2640
DOI	10.1111/irv.13245
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