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  1. Article ; Online: Many pathways to ending AIDS by 2030.

    Nsanzimana, Sabin / Forrest, Jamie I

    The lancet. HIV

    2018  Volume 5, Issue 8, Page(s) e407–e408

    MeSH term(s) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Prevalence ; South Africa ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ISSN 2352-3018
    ISSN (online) 2352-3018
    DOI 10.1016/S2352-3018(18)30131-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Thinking upstream: the roles of international health and drug policies in public health responses to chemsex.

    Stevens, Oliver / Forrest, Jamie I

    Sexual health

    2018  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 108–115

    Abstract: Chemsex is a growing public health concern in urban centres, and few interventions exist to mitigate the significant sexual, drug-related, and social harms potentially experienced by people who participate in chemsex. In much of the world, these ... ...

    Abstract Chemsex is a growing public health concern in urban centres, and few interventions exist to mitigate the significant sexual, drug-related, and social harms potentially experienced by people who participate in chemsex. In much of the world, these immediate harms are further compounded by the criminalisation and stigmatisation of both homosexuality and drug use, preventing participants fully engaging with treatment services or provision of health care. Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men participating in chemsex fall between the traditional definitions of key populations and consequently are poorly provided for by existing drug and sexual health frameworks. Aetiologically complex issues such as chemsex require multifaceted interventions that may fall outside conventional frameworks. Existing interventions have been designed and implemented at the local level. The use of international policy to mitigate these structural barriers, however, has largely been ignored. International policy is broad in nature and its implementation is, in principle, binding for member states. We believe that despite its low international prevalence, international policy can be of use in improving the lives of people who participate in chemsex. Through stimulating a much-needed debate on the interplay between sex and drugs within global health and harm reduction frameworks, this paper aims to address the paucity of substantial discussion surrounding the applicability of international language to chemsex. We analyse international policy aimed at addressing HIV, illicit drugs, harm reduction, and development, and make recommendations for both national advocacy, and advocates working to alter the positions of member states internationally.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Health Policy ; Homosexuality, Male/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sexual Behavior/psychology ; Sexual Partners/psychology ; Sexual and Gender Minorities/legislation & jurisprudence ; Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology ; Unsafe Sex/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-07
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2256731-8
    ISSN 1449-8987 ; 1448-5028
    ISSN (online) 1449-8987
    ISSN 1448-5028
    DOI 10.1071/SH17153
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  3. Article: Correction to: Early Treatment of COVID-19 Disease: A Missed Opportunity.

    Forrest, Jamie I / Rayner, Craig R / Park, Jay J H / Mills, Edward J

    Infectious diseases and therapy

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) 721

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-04
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2701611-0
    ISSN 2193-6382 ; 2193-8229
    ISSN (online) 2193-6382
    ISSN 2193-8229
    DOI 10.1007/s40121-020-00366-7
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  4. Article: Interferon Treatments for SARS-CoV-2: Challenges and Opportunities.

    Jhuti, Diya / Rawat, Angeli / Guo, Christina M / Wilson, Lindsay A / Mills, Edward J / Forrest, Jamie I

    Infectious diseases and therapy

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 953–972

    Abstract: Interferon (IFN) therapies are used to treat a variety of infections and diseases and could be used to treat SARS-CoV-2. However, optimal use and timing of IFN therapy to treat SARS-CoV-2 is not well documented. We aimed to synthesize available evidence ... ...

    Abstract Interferon (IFN) therapies are used to treat a variety of infections and diseases and could be used to treat SARS-CoV-2. However, optimal use and timing of IFN therapy to treat SARS-CoV-2 is not well documented. We aimed to synthesize available evidence to understand whether interferon therapy should be recommended for treatment compared to a placebo or standard of care in adult patients. We reviewed literature comparing outcomes of randomized control trials that used IFN therapy for adults diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 between 2019 and 2021. Data were extracted from 11 of 669 screened studies. Evidence of IFN effectiveness was mixed. Five studies reported that IFN was a better therapy than the control, four found no or minimal difference between IFN and the control, and two concluded that IFN led to worse patient outcomes than the control. Evidence was difficult to compare because of high variability in outcome measures, intervention types and administration, subtypes of IFNs used and timing of interventions. We recommend standardized indicators and reporting for IFN therapy for SARS-CoV-2 to improve evidence synthesis and generation. While IFN therapy has the potential to be a viable treatment for SARS-CoV-2, especially when combined with antivirals and early administration, the lack of comparable of study outcomes prevents evidence synthesis and uptake.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-21
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2701611-0
    ISSN 2193-6382 ; 2193-8229
    ISSN (online) 2193-6382
    ISSN 2193-8229
    DOI 10.1007/s40121-022-00633-9
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  5. Article ; Online: Fluvoxamine for the Early Treatment of COVID-19: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

    Guo, Christina M / Harari, Ofir / Chernecki, Cameron / Thorlund, Kristian / Forrest, Jamie I

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2022  

    Abstract: Fluvoxamine is widely prescribed as an antidepressant. Recent studies show the drug may have a clinical benefit in treating COVID-19. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the existing randomized trials of fluvoxamine compared with placebo on the early ... ...

    Abstract Fluvoxamine is widely prescribed as an antidepressant. Recent studies show the drug may have a clinical benefit in treating COVID-19. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the existing randomized trials of fluvoxamine compared with placebo on the early treatment of COVID-19 patients. We included only randomized clinical trials enrolling ambulatory patients with early-stage disease (symptoms > 7 days) for the prevention of hospitalization. We searched MEDLINE, and clinicaltrials.gov databases to identify trials and extract data with clarifications from the study investigators. We performed a fixed-effects meta-analysis and sensitivity analyses via R to evaluate the pooled estimate of hospitalization. We included three randomized trials: STOP COVID 1 and 2, and the TOGETHER Trial. The studies included a total of 2,196 patients. The STOP COVID trials measured clinical deterioration whereas the TOGETHER Trial measured hospitalization as the primary outcome. All trials reported on hospitalization up to day 28. The meta-analysis results show that patients receiving fluvoxamine were 31% less likely to experience clinical deterioration or hospitalization compared with placebo (risk ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.54-0.88). A sensitivity analysis using the definition of hospitalization resulted in a risk reduction of 21% (95% CI, 0.60-1.03). Data from three randomized controlled trials show that fluvoxamine was associated with a reduction in the primary outcome measure (either clinical deterioration or composite outcome of hospitalization or extended emergency setting observation), although analysis of hospitalization-only was not statistically significant. More evidence from future trials is still needed to support the findings of this meta-analysis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.21-1310
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  6. Article ; Online: Correction: Exploring Consumers' Motivations and Experiences of Engaging as Partners in Cancer Research.

    Waterland, Jamie L / Beer, Cassandra / Forbes Shepherd, Rowan / Forrest, Laura E

    The patient

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-30
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2466680-4
    ISSN 1178-1661 ; 1178-1653
    ISSN (online) 1178-1661
    ISSN 1178-1653
    DOI 10.1007/s40271-024-00691-w
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  7. Article ; Online: Early Treatment with Fluvoxamine among Patients with COVID-19: A Cost-Consequence Model.

    Mills, Fergal P / Reis, Gilmar / Wilson, Lindsay A / Thorlund, Kristian / Forrest, Jamie I / Guo, Christina M / Boulware, David R / Mills, Edward J

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2022  Volume 108, Issue 1, Page(s) 101–106

    Abstract: To date, two published randomized trials have indicated a clinical benefit of early treatment with fluvoxamine versus placebo for adults with symptomatic COVID-19. Using the results of the largest of these trials, the TOGETHER trial, we conducted a cost- ... ...

    Abstract To date, two published randomized trials have indicated a clinical benefit of early treatment with fluvoxamine versus placebo for adults with symptomatic COVID-19. Using the results of the largest of these trials, the TOGETHER trial, we conducted a cost-consequence analysis to assess the health system benefits of preventing progression to severe COVID-19 in outpatient populations in the United States. A decision-analytic model in the form of a decision tree was constructed to evaluate two treatment strategies for high-risk patients with confirmed, symptomatic COVID-19 in the primary analysis: treatment with a 10-day course of fluvoxamine (100 mg twice daily) and current standard-of-care. A secondary analysis comparing a 5-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was also conducted. We used a time horizon of 28 days. Reported outcomes included cost-savings and hospitalization days avoided. The results of our analysis indicated that administration of fluvoxamine to symptomatic outpatients at high risk of progressing to severe COVID-19 was substantially cost-saving, in the amount of $232 per eligible patient and prevented an average of 0.15 hospital days per patient treated, compared with standard of care. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was also shown to be cost-saving despite its higher acquisition cost and provided savings to the healthcare system of $625 per patient treated. These findings suggest that fluvoxamine is likely to be a cost-effective addition to frontline COVID-19 mitigation strategies in many settings, particularly where access to nirmaltrevir-ritonavir or monoclonal antibodies is limited.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; Ritonavir/therapeutic use ; Fluvoxamine/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances Ritonavir (O3J8G9O825) ; nirmatrelvir (7R9A5P7H32) ; Fluvoxamine (O4L1XPO44W)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0106
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  8. Article ; Online: Resilient Clinical Trial Infrastructure in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned from the TOGETHER Randomized Platform Clinical Trial.

    Forrest, Jamie I / Rawat, Angeli / Duailibe, Felipe / Guo, Christina M / Sprague, Sheila / McKay, Paula / Reis, Gilmar / Mills, Edward J

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2022  Volume 106, Issue 2, Page(s) 389–393

    Abstract: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical research groups across the world developed trial protocols to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatments for COVID-19. Despite this initial enthusiasm, only a small portion of these protocols were ... ...

    Abstract In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical research groups across the world developed trial protocols to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatments for COVID-19. Despite this initial enthusiasm, only a small portion of these protocols were implemented. Of those implemented, a fraction successfully recruited their target sample size to analyze and disseminate findings. More than a year and a half into the COVID-19 pandemic, only a few clinical trials evaluating treatments for COVID-19 have generated new evidence. Productive randomized platform clinical trials evaluating COVID-19 treatments may attribute their success to intentional investments in developing resilient clinical trial infrastructures. Health system resiliency discourse provides a conceptual framework for characterizing attributes for withstanding shocks. This framework may also be useful for contextualizing the attributes of productive clinical trials evaluating COVID-19 therapies. We characterize the successful attributes and lessons learned in developing the TOGETHER Trial infrastructure using a health system resiliency framework. This framework may be considered by clinical trialists aiming to build resilient trial infrastructures capable of responding rapidly and efficiently to global health threats.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/drug therapy ; COVID-19/therapy ; Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration ; Efficiency, Organizational ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Research Design ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.21-1202
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  9. Article ; Online: A real-time dashboard of clinical trials for COVID-19.

    Thorlund, Kristian / Dron, Louis / Park, Jay / Hsu, Grace / Forrest, Jamie I / Mills, Edward J

    The Lancet. Digital health

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) e286–e287

    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic/methods ; Clinical Trials as Topic/organization & administration ; Databases as Topic ; Equivalence Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Registries ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ISSN 2589-7500
    ISSN (online) 2589-7500
    DOI 10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30086-8
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  10. Article ; Online: Additional findings from the 100,000 Genomes Project: A qualitative study of recipient perspectives.

    Nolan, Joshua J / Forrest, Jamie / Ormondroyd, Elizabeth

    Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics

    2024  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 101103

    Abstract: Purpose: Participants in the 100,000 Genomes Project, a clinical/research initiative delivered through the UK National Health Service, were offered screening for "additional findings" (AFs): pathogenic/likely pathogenic secondary findings in genes ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Participants in the 100,000 Genomes Project, a clinical/research initiative delivered through the UK National Health Service, were offered screening for "additional findings" (AFs): pathogenic/likely pathogenic secondary findings in genes associated with familial hypercholesterolemia or a cancer predisposition syndrome. Understanding the psychological and behavioral responses to secondary findings can inform the clinical utility of a search and disclose policy.
    Methods: Thirty-two adult AF recipients took part in semi-structured interviews analyzed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis.
    Results: Five themes were constructed: cognitive responses to an AF, emotional and psychological responses, personal control, perceived risk of AF-associated disease, and family implications. Many participants had misunderstood or incompletely remembered consent for AFs, and most were surprised or shocked to receive an AF. Although many ultimately appreciated knowing about the risk conferred, some struggled to make sense of their disease risk, which complicated decision making about risk management, particularly for women with a BRCA AF. Recipients sought control through seeking clinical evaluation and information, and informing relatives. Difficulties with conceptualizing risk and lack of AF-associated disease family history meant that some hesitated to inform relatives.
    Conclusion: Genome sequencing programs offering secondary findings require attention to consent processes. Post-disclosure care should aim to promote recipients' perceived personal control.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1455352-1
    ISSN 1530-0366 ; 1098-3600
    ISSN (online) 1530-0366
    ISSN 1098-3600
    DOI 10.1016/j.gim.2024.101103
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