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Article ; Online: Cannabis Retailer Communication About Cannabis Products, Health Benefits, and Risks: A Mystery Shopper Study of Licensed Retailers in Five U.S. Cities.

Romm, Katelyn F / Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia A / Williams, River / Dopke, Campbell / Cui, Yuxian / LoParco, Cassidy R / Wang, Yan / Duan, Zongshuan / Yang, Y Tony / Burris, Scott / Berg, Carla J

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs

2023 Volume 85, Issue 1, Page(s) 100–108

Abstract: Objective: As the U.S. cannabis market expands, surveillance of retailer practices, especially ... product recommendations, health benefits, safety, and/or risks among U.S. cannabis retailers.: Method ...

Abstract	Objective: As the U.S. cannabis market expands, surveillance of retailer practices, especially product health claims and risks, is crucial to protect consumers. In this study, mystery shoppers (i.e., staff not explicitly identified as researchers) examined retail personnel communication regarding product recommendations, health benefits, safety, and/or risks among U.S. cannabis retailers. Method: In Summer 2022, mystery shoppers audited 140 licensed cannabis retailers in 5 cities in states with established nonmedical (i.e., recreational) cannabis sales and diverse regulations (Denver, Colorado; Seattle, Washington; Portland, Oregon; Las Vegas, Nevada; Los Angeles, California). Descriptive and bivariate analyses characterized retail personnel communication overall and across cities. Results: Common product recommendations for new users included edibles, pre-rolled joints, and bud/flower, and 8.6% offered free/inexpensive ways to sample products. Although Colorado, Washington, and Oregon explicitly prohibited health claims in advertising or labels, more than 90% of retailers there endorsed use for anxiety, insomnia, and/or pain. Whereas 54.3% endorsed use for pregnancy-related nausea (least common in Denver, 23.3%; most common in Seattle, 76.7%), 26.4% warned against use during pregnancy (most frequently in Denver, 46.7%; least frequently in Seattle and Portland, 13.3%). Overall, 52.1% warned against driving after use (most frequently in Denver, 80.0%; least frequently in Las Vegas, 20.0%). Almost all (≥90%) sold cannabidiol (CBD) products and endorsed their health benefits and safety, but few (<10%) sold or endorsed delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), etc. (all of which were in Los Angeles). Conclusions: Ongoing cannabis retail surveillance, particularly using protocols assessing factors outside those visibly observable, is needed to inform regulatory and enforcement efforts, especially related to health claims.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Cannabis ; Cities ; Marketing ; Commerce ; Advertising
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2266450-6
ISSN	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683 ; 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
ISSN (online)	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683
ISSN	1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
DOI	10.15288/jsad.23-00034
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Article ; Online: Variation in NICU Head CT Utilization Among U.S. Children's Hospitals.

Shannon, Megan M / Burris, Heather H / Graham, Dionne A

Hospital pediatrics

2022 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 106–141

Abstract: Objectives: Evaluate nationwide 12-year trend and hospital-level variation in head computed tomography (CT) utilization among infants admitted to pediatric hospital NICUs. We hypothesized there was significant variation in utilization.: Methods: We ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Evaluate nationwide 12-year trend and hospital-level variation in head computed tomography (CT) utilization among infants admitted to pediatric hospital NICUs. We hypothesized there was significant variation in utilization. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study examining head CT utilization for infants admitted to the NICU within 31 United States children's hospitals within the Pediatric Health Information System database between 2010 and 2021. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to estimate head CT, head MRI, and head ultrasound utilization (% of admissions) by year. Risk-adjusted hospital head CT rates were examined within the 2021 cohort. Results: Between 2010 and 2021, there were 338 644 NICU admissions, of which 10 052 included head CT (3.0%). Overall, head CT utilization decreased (4.9% in 2010 to 2.6% in 2021, P < .0001), with a concomitant increase in head MRI (12.1% to 18.7%, P < .0001) and head ultrasound (41.3% to 43.4%, P < .0001) utilization. In 2021, significant variation in risk-adjusted head CT utilization was noted across centers, with hospital head CT rates ranging from 0% to 10% of admissions. Greatest hospital-level variation was noted for patients with codes for seizure or encephalopathy (hospital head CT rate interquartile range [IQR] = 11.6%; 50th percentile = 12.0%), ventriculoperitoneal shunt (IQR = 10.8%; 50th percentile = 15.4%), and infection (IQR = 10.1%; 50th percentile = 7.5%). Conclusions: Head CT utilization within pediatric hospital NICUs has declined over the past 12-years, but substantial hospital-level variation remains. Development of CT stewardship guidelines may help decrease variation and reduce infant radiation exposure.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Child ; Humans ; United States ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Retrospective Studies ; Hospitalization ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2154-1671
ISSN (online)	2154-1671
DOI	10.1542/hpeds.2021-006322
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Article ; Online: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy Outcomes in a U.S. Population.

Son, Moeun / Gallagher, Kieran / Lo, Justin Y / Lindgren, Eric / Burris, Heather H / Dysart, Kevin / Greenspan, Jay / Culhane, Jennifer F / Handley, Sara C

Obstetrics and gynecology

2021 Volume 138, Issue 4, Page(s) 542–551

Abstract: ... infection and those classified as testing negative.: Conclusion: In a geographically diverse U.S. cohort ...

Abstract	Objective: To examine whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic altered risk of adverse pregnancy-related outcomes and whether there were differences by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection status among pregnant women. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study using Epic's Cosmos research platform, women who delivered during the pandemic (March-December 2020) were compared with those who delivered prepandemic (matched months 2017-2019). Within the pandemic epoch, those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with those with negative test results or no SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Comparisons were performed using standardized differences, with a value greater than 0.1 indicating meaningful differences between groups. Results: Among 838,489 women (225,225 who delivered during the pandemic), baseline characteristics were similar between epochs. There were no significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes between epochs (standardized difference<0.10). In the pandemic epoch, 108,067 (48.0%) women had SARS-CoV-2 testing available; of those, 7,432 (6.9%) had positive test results. Compared with women classified as negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection, those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were less likely to be non-Hispanic White or Asian or to reside in the Midwest and more likely to be Hispanic, have public insurance, be obese, and reside in the South or in high social vulnerability ZIP codes. There were no significant differences in the frequency of preterm birth (8.5% vs 7.6%, standardized difference=0.032), stillbirth (0.4% vs 0.4%, standardized difference=-0.002), small for gestational age (6.4% vs 6.5%, standardized difference=-0.002), large for gestational age (7.7% vs 7.7%, standardized difference=-0.001), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (16.3% vs 15.8%, standardized difference=0.014), placental abruption (0.5% vs 0.4%, standardized difference=0.007), cesarean birth (31.2% vs 29.4%, standardized difference=0.039), or postpartum hemorrhage (3.4% vs 3.1%, standardized difference=0.019) between those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and those classified as testing negative. Conclusion: In a geographically diverse U.S. cohort, the frequency of adverse pregnancy-related outcomes did not differ between those delivering before compared with during the pandemic, nor between those classified as positive compared with negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology ; Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology ; Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	207330-4
ISSN	1873-233X ; 0029-7844
ISSN (online)	1873-233X
ISSN	0029-7844
DOI	10.1097/AOG.0000000000004547
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Article: Integrated QCM-Microtribometry: Friction of Single-Crystal MoS₂ and Gold from μm/s to m/s

Borovsky, B. P / Garabedian, N. T / McAndrews, G. R / Wieser, R. J / Burris, D. L

ACS applied materials & interfaces. 2019 Oct. 11, v. 11, no. 43

2019

Abstract: Two opposing microtribometry approaches have been developed over the past decade to help connect the dots between fundamental and practical tribology measurements: spring-based (e.g., AFM) approaches use low speed, low stiffness, and long relative slip ... ...

Abstract	Two opposing microtribometry approaches have been developed over the past decade to help connect the dots between fundamental and practical tribology measurements: spring-based (e.g., AFM) approaches use low speed, low stiffness, and long relative slip length to quantify friction, while quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-based approaches use high speed, high stiffness, and short relative slip length. Because the friction forces generated in these experiments are attributed to entirely different phenomena, it is unclear if or how the resulting friction forces are related. This study aims to resolve this uncertainty by integrating these distinct techniques into a single apparatus that allows two independent measurements of friction at a single interface. Alumina microspheres were tested against single-crystal MoS₂, a model nominally wear-free solid lubricant, and gold, a model metal control, at loads between 0.01 and 1 mN. The combined results from both measurement approaches gave friction coefficients (mean ± standard error) of 0.087 ± 0.007 and 0.27 ± 0.02 for alumina-MoS₂ and alumina-gold, respectively. The observed agreement between these methods for two different material systems suggests that friction in microscale contacts can be far less sensitive to external effects from compliance and slip speed than currently thought. Perhaps more importantly, this Article describes and validates a novel approach to closing the “tribology gap” while demonstrating how integration creates new opportunities for fundamental studies of practical friction.
Keywords	aluminum oxide ; friction ; gold ; lubricants ; microparticles ; models ; molybdenum disulfide ; quartz crystal microbalance ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-1011
Size	p. 40961-40969.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ISSN	1944-8252
DOI	10.1021/acsami.9b15764
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: U.S. Metropolitan Spatial Structure Evolution

Xiaoyan Huang / Jiawen Yang / Burak Güneralp / Mark Burris

Urban Science, Vol 1, Iss 3, p

Investigating Spatial Patterns of Employment Growth from 2000 to 2010

2017 Volume 28

Abstract: Urban spatial structure evolution, when using employment as the proxy, can be explained by the change of employment distribution. In this study, we measure the 361 US metro areas (metros) by employment shares, in five submetro sections (i.e., main-center, ...

Abstract	Urban spatial structure evolution, when using employment as the proxy, can be explained by the change of employment distribution. In this study, we measure the 361 US metro areas (metros) by employment shares, in five submetro sections (i.e., main-center, sub-centers, non-center clusters, non-cluster urban areas, and rural areas), and explore the spatial patterns of submetro growths. We use recognized methods to delimit urban and rural areas, identify employment centers with relative thresholds, and categorize the metros into three (i.e., small, midsize, and large) categories. Then we use descriptive statistics to determine the dynamics of employment growth in the five submetro sections. The results suggest that metros’ spatial structures and growth patterns vary greatly across different size categories. We found that (1) small metros tend to have growth in the main-center or non-cluster urban areas; (2) midsize metros may be in the critical period of forming sub-centers, which also may be an effective way to curb urban expansion into rural areas; and, (3) the five submetro growths in large metros tend to be positively associated with one another, except for the main-center.
Keywords	urban spatial structure evolution ; employment cluster ; sub-center ; polycentricity ; employment growth ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Social Sciences ; H
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book: The New Public Health Law

Burris, Scott / Berman, Micah L / Penn, Matthew / Holiday, Tara Ramanathan

A Transdisciplinary Approach to Practice and Advocacy

2022

Author's details	Scott Burris, JD, is Professor of Law and Public Health at Temple University, where he directs the Center for Public Health Law Research. Micah L. Berman, JD, is Associate Professor in the College of Public Health and Moritz College of Law at The Ohio State University. He previously directed policy centers that worked with state and local health departments in New York, Vermont, and Ohio and served as a senior advisor to the FDA Center for Tobacco Products. Matthew Penn, JD, MLIS, is a public health attorney with over 20 years of experience in public health litigation, environmental health, and emergency preparedness. He is a former staff attorney for the South Carolina Supreme Court and South Carolina's Department of Health and Environmental Control. He is the Director of Public Health Law Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tara Ramanathan Holiday, JD, MPH, has worked in public health for 20 years, most recently as an attorney focused on improving the public
Language	English
Size	344 p.
Edition	2
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Document type	Book
Note	PDA Manuell_19
Format	164 x 239 x 30
ISBN	9780197615973 ; 019761597X
Database	PDA

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Article ; Online: Legal Epidemiology: Growth, and Growing Pains.

Burris, Scott

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2023 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Legal Epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001836
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Article ; Online: A longitudinal, naturalistic study of U.S. smokers' trial and adoption of snus.

Burris, Jessica L / Wahlquist, Amy E / Alberg, Anthony J / Cummings, K Michael / Gray, Kevin M / Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth / Carpenter, Matthew J

Addictive behaviors

2016 Volume 63, Page(s) 82–88

Abstract: To refine public health policy amidst a changing landscape of tobacco products in the United States, it is first necessary to describe fully the nature of smokers' alternative product use. Little research addresses smokers' snus use, and most studies are ...

Abstract	To refine public health policy amidst a changing landscape of tobacco products in the United States, it is first necessary to describe fully the nature of smokers' alternative product use. Little research addresses smokers' snus use, and most studies are limited by small samples, cross-sectional designs, and crude outcome measurement. This study sample includes 626 adult US smokers who denied intention to quit in the next month and were randomized to receive free snus during a 6-week sampling period, after which no snus was provided. Participants were then followed for one year. Outcome data were collected via phone. Participants (mean age: 48.7years) were predominately female, White non-Hispanic. Eighty-four percent reported trial of snus. Eleven percent reported purchase (i.e., adoption). Current use declined from 47.1% at the end of the sampling period to 6.5% at the end of follow-up. Frequency and quantity of snus use among current users was low. Among snus users, 79.3% said it functioned as an alternative to smoking and 58.4% said it provided a means of coping with smoking restrictions; options not mutually exclusive. In logistic regressions, men were more likely to report trial (odds ratio [OR]=2.33, p<0.01) and adoption (OR=1.84, p<0.05) than women. Baseline expectations about the nature of snus use also predicted snus outcomes (OR=1.28-1.78, p<0.05). Smokers showed willingness to try snus, but product interest waned over time. Snus as currently marketed is unlikely to play a prominent role in US tobacco control efforts.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Smokers/statistics & numerical data ; Tobacco, Smokeless/statistics & numerical data ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	197618-7
ISSN	1873-6327 ; 0306-4603
ISSN (online)	1873-6327
ISSN	0306-4603
DOI	10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.07.008
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Article ; Online: Free-space optical communications research and demonstrations at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory.

Rabinovich, W S / Moore, C I / Mahon, R / Goetz, P G / Burris, H R / Ferraro, M S / Murphy, J L / Thomas, L M / Gilbreath, G C / Vilcheck, M / Suite, M R

Applied optics

2015 Volume 54, Issue 31, Page(s) F189–200

Abstract: ... the deployment of free-space optical systems. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has, for the last 15 years ...

Abstract	Free-space optical communication can allow high-bandwidth data links that are hard to detect, intercept, or jam. This makes them attractive for many applications. However, these links also require very accurate pointing, and their availability is affected by weather. These challenges have limited the deployment of free-space optical systems. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has, for the last 15 years, engaged in research into atmospheric propagation and photonic components with a goal of characterizing and overcoming these limitations. In addition several demonstrations of free-space optical links in real-world Navy applications have been conducted. This paper reviews this work and the principles guiding it.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4522
ISSN (online)	1539-4522
DOI	10.1364/AO.54.00F189
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Article ; Online: Food Insecurity and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Older Adults in Florida, U.S.

Kihlström, L / Burris, M / Dobbins, J / McGrath, E / Renda, A / Cordier, T / Song, Y / Prendergast, K / Serrano Arce, K / Shannon, E / Himmelgreen, D

Ecology of food and nutrition

2018 Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 45–65

Abstract: Individuals 65 years or older will comprise an estimated 20.0% of the U.S. population by 2030 ...

Abstract	Individuals 65 years or older will comprise an estimated 20.0% of the U.S. population by 2030. This study investigated the association between food insecurity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among an older adult population (
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Educational Status ; Employment ; Female ; Florida ; Food Supply/economics ; Food Supply/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Income ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Social Support ; Socioeconomic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120096-3
ISSN	1543-5237 ; 0367-0244
ISSN (online)	1543-5237
ISSN	0367-0244
DOI	10.1080/03670244.2018.1559160
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