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  1. Article: “One-Pot” Aminolysis/Thiol–Maleimide End-Group Functionalization of RAFT Polymers: Identifying and Preventing Michael Addition Side Reactions

    Abel, BrooksA / McCormick Charles L

    Macromolecules. 2016 Sept. 13, v. 49, no. 17

    2016  

    Abstract: ... catalyzed Michael reactions of the representative thiol ethyl 2-mercaptopropionate (E2MP) and NMM in polar ...

    Abstract We show that many of the nucleophiles (catalysts, reducing agents, amines, thiols) present during “one-pot” aminolysis/thiol–maleimide end-group functionalization of RAFT polymers can promote side reactions that substantially reduce polymer end-group functionalization efficiencies. The nucleophilic catalyst 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and the reducing agent tributylphosphine were shown to initiate anionic polymerization of N-methylmaleimide (NMM) in both polar and nonpolar solvents whereas hexylamine-initiated polymerization of NMM occurred only in high-polarity solvents. Furthermore, triethylamine-catalyzed Michael reactions of the representative thiol ethyl 2-mercaptopropionate (E2MP) and NMM in polar solvents resulted in anionic maleimide polymerization when [NMM]0 > [E2MP]0. Base-catalyzed enolate formation on the α-carbon of thiol–maleimide adducts was also shown as an alternative initiation pathway for maleimide polymerization in polar solvents. Ultimately, optimal “one-pot” reaction conditions were identified allowing for up to 99% maleimide end-group functionalization of dithiobenzoate-terminated poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide). Much of the work described herein can also be used to ensure near-quantitative conversion of small molecule thiol–maleimide reactions while preventing previously unforeseen side reactions.
    Keywords amines ; catalysts ; Lewis bases ; polymerization ; polymers ; reducing agents ; solvents ; thiols
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0913
    Size p. 6193-6202.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1491942-4
    ISSN 1520-5835 ; 0024-9297
    ISSN (online) 1520-5835
    ISSN 0024-9297
    DOI 10.1021%2Facs.macromol.6b01512
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: So … you've been hacked.

    Brooks, Michael

    Nature

    2024  Volume 627, Issue 8004, Page(s) 692–693

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type News
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-024-00818-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Towards quantum machine learning.

    Brooks, Michael

    Nature

    2023  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type News
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-023-01718-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Quantum computers: what are they good for?

    Brooks, Michael

    Nature

    2023  Volume 617, Issue 7962, Page(s) S1–S3

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type News
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-023-01692-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: How open-source software could finally get the world's microscopes speaking the same language.

    Brooks, Michael

    Nature

    2023  Volume 622, Issue 7981, Page(s) 206–208

    MeSH term(s) Microscopy/instrumentation ; Microscopy/methods ; Microscopy/standards ; Microscopy/trends ; Open Access Publishing ; Public Sector ; Software/standards ; Software/supply & distribution
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-023-03064-9
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  6. Article ; Online: Editorial Comment on "Multicenter Study of Temporal Changes and Prognostic Value of a CT Visual Severity Score in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)".

    Brooks, Michael A

    AJR. American journal of roentgenology

    2020  Volume 217, Issue 1, Page(s) 92

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Lung ; Prognosis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 82076-3
    ISSN 1546-3141 ; 0361-803X ; 0092-5381
    ISSN (online) 1546-3141
    ISSN 0361-803X ; 0092-5381
    DOI 10.2214/AJR.20.24644
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Book ; Conference proceedings ; Online: (Table T1) Depths and ages of datum levels at ODP Leg 182 sites, supplementary data to: Brunner, Charlotte A; Andres, Miriam S; Holbourn, Ann E L; Siedlecki, S; Brooks, Gregg R; Molina-Garza, Roberto S; Fuller, Michael D; Ladner, Bryan; Hine, Albert C; Li, Qianyu (2002): Quaternary planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, ODP Leg 182 sites. In: Hine, AC; Feary, DA; Malone, MJ (eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 182, 1-16

    Brunner, Charlotte A / Andres, Miriam S / Brooks, Gregg R / Fuller, Michael D / Hine, Albert C / Holbourn, Ann E L / Ladner, Bryan / Li, Qianyu / Molina-Garza, Roberto S / Siedlecki, S

    2002  

    Abstract: The first and last appearances of Quaternary planktonic foraminifers in the Great Australian Bight were evaluated using datum levels from magnetostatigraphy, oxygen isotope stratigraphy, and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy to determine whether ... ...

    Abstract The first and last appearances of Quaternary planktonic foraminifers in the Great Australian Bight were evaluated using datum levels from magnetostatigraphy, oxygen isotope stratigraphy, and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy to determine whether they were synchronous or diachronous with open-ocean biostratigraphic events. The first appearance of Globorotalia truncatulinoides is diachronous at 1.6-1.7 Ma at Site 1127 and 1.1-1.2 at Sites 1129 and 1132, similar to other local appearances in high latitudes. All other datum levels, however, are synchronous with open-ocean events, including the first appearance of Globorotalia hirsuta and the last appearances of Globorotalia tosaensis and pink Globigerinoides ruber in the Indo-Pacific region. A local reappearance of Gt. hirsuta at ~0.12 Ma and the disappearance of Globorotalia crassaformis at ~0.10 Ma were found to be useful for local biostratigraphy. Age control at the bottom of all of the sections is poor at this time, but results suggest that sedimentation recommenced starting at ~1.9 Ma above the regional unconformity that marks the base of seismostratigraphic Sequence 2. Sediment accumulation is distinctly reduced in the lower Pleistocene compared to the upper Pleistocene, perhaps in part because of processes associated with several omission surfaces.

    REFERENCE:
    Berggren, William A; Kent, Dennis V; Swisher, Carl C, III; Aubry, Marie-Pierre (1995): A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy. In: Berggren, W.A., Kent, D.V., Aubry, M.-P., Hardenbol, J. (eds.), Geochronology, time scales and global stratigraphic correlation. Special Publication - SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), 54, 129-212
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2002-9999
    Size Online-Ressource
    Publisher PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
    Publishing place Bremen/Bremerhaven
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings ; Online
    Note This dataset is supplement to doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.182.011.2002
    DOI 10.1594/PANGAEA.785925
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  8. Article: Editorial: Hospitalization and Parkinson's disease: safety, quality and outcomes.

    Azmi, Hooman / Walter, Benjamin L / Brooks, Annie / Richard, Irene Hegeman / Amodeo, Katherine / Okun, Michael S

    Frontiers in aging neuroscience

    2024  Volume 16, Page(s) 1398947

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2558898-9
    ISSN 1663-4365
    ISSN 1663-4365
    DOI 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1398947
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: DiffusionCT: Latent Diffusion Model for CT Image Standardization.

    Selim, Md / Zhang, Jie / Brooks, Michael A / Wang, Ge / Chen, Jin

    AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium

    2024  Volume 2023, Page(s) 624–633

    Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) is one of the modalities for effective lung cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. The features extracted from CT images are now used to quantify spatial and temporal variations in tumors. However, CT images ... ...

    Abstract Computed tomography (CT) is one of the modalities for effective lung cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. The features extracted from CT images are now used to quantify spatial and temporal variations in tumors. However, CT images obtained from various scanners with customized acquisition protocols may introduce considerable variations in texture features, even for the same patient. This presents a fundamental challenge to downstream studies that require consistent and reliable feature analysis. Existing CT image harmonization models rely on GAN-based supervised or semi-supervised learning, with limited performance. This work addresses the issue of CT image harmonization using a new diffusion-based model, named DiffusionCT, to standardize CT images acquired from different vendors and protocols. DiffusionCT operates in the latent space by mapping a latent non-standard distribution into a standard one. DiffusionCT incorporates a U-Net-based encoder-decoder, augmented by a diffusion model integrated into the bottleneck part. The model is designed in two training phases. The encoder-decoder is first trained, without embedding the diffusion model, to learn the latent representation of the input data. The latent diffusion model is then trained in the next training phase while fixing the encoder-decoder. Finally, the decoder synthesizes a standardized image with the transformed latent representation. The experimental results demonstrate a significant improvement in the performance of the standardization task using DiffusionCT.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Supervised Machine Learning ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1942-597X
    ISSN (online) 1942-597X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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