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  1. Article ; Online: The Effect of Cactus Opuntia Extract on hospitalized Moderate Covid-19 Infection

    Somayeh Mansoury / Zeinab Siami

    Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Vol 30, Iss 5, Pp 279-

    A Randomized Controlled Trial

    2023  Volume 283

    Abstract: Introduction:Due to the high load of COVID-19 pandemic and its extraordinary mortality rate and some antiviral effects of cactus compounds in the literature, the present study seeks the notion of assessing the effect of Cactus Opuntia in patients with ... ...

    Abstract Introduction:Due to the high load of COVID-19 pandemic and its extraordinary mortality rate and some antiviral effects of cactus compounds in the literature, the present study seeks the notion of assessing the effect of Cactus Opuntia in patients with COVID-19 infection considering signs and symptoms of relief. Methods & Materials: It was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with COVID-19 infection referred to Imam Ali hospital located at Karaj, randomly divided into intervention and control groups. All patients received a standard treatment regimen based on the latest guidelines. Patients in the intervention group received 250 mL Cactus Opuntia extract syrup daily in addition to standard treatment and the control group received only the standard regimen. Patients’ symptoms including coughing, dyspnea, myalgia, headache, weakness etc. were evaluated daily and compared between the two groups.Results: Fifty-two patients participated in the study. Mean length of hospital stay, duration of blood oxygen saturation below 93, fever, anosmia, coughing, headache, dizziness, myalgia, dyspnea, chest pain and anorexia were significantly shorter in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05).Discussion: Cactus Opuntia extract led to symptomatic improvement of COVID-19 patients by reducing the length of hospitalization and the duration of most signs and symptoms compared to the control group. Further confirmatory studies are needed to affirm these findings.
    Keywords covid-19 ; pandemic ; cactus opuntia ; herbal medicine ; Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ; RC666-701
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Kerman University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Tocilizumab in ICU-admitted COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study.

    Siami, Zeinab / Hedayat Yaghoobi, Mojtaba / Karimi, Parsa

    Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran

    2023  Volume 37, Page(s) 92

    Abstract: Background: Severe and critically-ill COVID-19 patients are characterized by a severe inflammatory response. Pharmacologic inhibition of acute-phase inflammatory pathways such as IL-6 receptor inhibitor, Tocilizumab (TCZ) may improve patient outcomes in ...

    Abstract Background: Severe and critically-ill COVID-19 patients are characterized by a severe inflammatory response. Pharmacologic inhibition of acute-phase inflammatory pathways such as IL-6 receptor inhibitor, Tocilizumab (TCZ) may improve patient outcomes in these cases. Consequently, the therapeutic benefit of TCZ was evaluated in this study.
    Methods: We evaluated intravenous tocilizumab in severe and critically ill adult COVID-19 patients who met pre-defined stringent CRS criteria. A single-center, prospective, observational cohort study was carried out among consecutive adult (≥18 years of age) in-patients with COVID-19 between March 20, 2020 and March 20, 2021. In total, 354 patients were included in our study. Mortality and time to hospital discharge were compared between patients who received tocilizumab treatment (n = 177) and those who did not (n = 177).
    Results: A total of 354 patients were analyzed whereas 177 patients were included in each group. In those receiving TCZ, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced, corresponding to an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.57, (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43-0.76;
    Conclusion: The use of TCZ in ICU-hospitalized patients resulted in improved patient survival and reduced duration of hospitalization. Further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of TCZ in severe and critical COVID-19 cases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-28
    Publishing country Iran
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1095990-7
    ISSN 1016-1430
    ISSN 1016-1430
    DOI 10.47176/mjiri.37.92
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Investigation of microbial coinfection in 453 septic COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital; a retrospective study.

    Khavandegar, Armin / Siami, Zeinab / Goudarzi, Sogand / Rasooli, Aziz / Ettehad, Yeganeh

    Future science OA

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 9, Page(s) FSO884

    Abstract: Aim: We evaluated the rate of COVID-19 microbial coinfection in an Iranian population.: Methods: In this single-center, retrospective observational study, we evaluated 453 septic COVID-19 patients for possible coinfection in an Iranian hospital.: ... ...

    Abstract Aim: We evaluated the rate of COVID-19 microbial coinfection in an Iranian population.
    Methods: In this single-center, retrospective observational study, we evaluated 453 septic COVID-19 patients for possible coinfection in an Iranian hospital.
    Results: Overall, 211 (46.57%) cases died due to COVID-19 complications. Positive respiratory secretion and blood cultures were reported in 99 (21.9%) and 19 (4.2%) cases.
    Conclusion: Coinfections with bacteria and fungi independently contribute to poor outcomes in septic COVID-19 patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2056-5623
    ISSN 2056-5623
    DOI 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: A case report of prolonged COVID-19-positive RT-PCR for five months.

    Siami, Zeinab / Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, Saeidreza / Khavandegar, Armin

    Clinical case reports

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) e6113

    Abstract: The COVID-19 gold standard assessment tool remained the RT-PCR of upper respiratory tract specimen extracted by the nasopharyngeal swab. A positive result would decrease through a three-week course and eventually be undetectable. The maximum duration of ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 gold standard assessment tool remained the RT-PCR of upper respiratory tract specimen extracted by the nasopharyngeal swab. A positive result would decrease through a three-week course and eventually be undetectable. The maximum duration of viral shedding is 83 days. Besides, COVID-19 RT-PCR remained positive for 74 days in a patient suffering from lymphoma. In this study, we have presented a 56-year-old male patient, a known case of lymphoma since 2015, who experienced many episodes of chemotherapy with a five-month positive RT-PCR COVID-19 laboratory test and finally was intubated and then died of opportunistic pulmonary infections. COVID-19 patients with concurrent lymphoma failed to remove the virus thoroughly, despite providing appropriate treatment regimens.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2740234-4
    ISSN 2050-0904
    ISSN 2050-0904
    DOI 10.1002/ccr3.6113
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A Review of Antibiotic Efficacy in COVID-19 Control.

    Hekmat, Hamidreza / Rasooli, Aziz / Siami, Zeinab / Rutajengwa, Kauthar Amir / Vahabi, Zahra / Mirzadeh, Fatemeh Alsadat

    Journal of immunology research

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 6687437

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory disease is associated with chronic secondary infections that exacerbate symptoms and mortality. So far, many drugs have been introduced to treat this disease, none of which effectively control the coronavirus. Numerous studies ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory disease is associated with chronic secondary infections that exacerbate symptoms and mortality. So far, many drugs have been introduced to treat this disease, none of which effectively control the coronavirus. Numerous studies have shown that mitochondria, as the center of cell biogenesis, are vulnerable to drugs, especially antibiotics. Antibiotics were widely prescribed during the early phase of the pandemic. We performed a literature review to assess the reasons, evidence, and practices on the use of antibiotics in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in- and outpatients. The current research found widespread usage of antibiotics, mostly in an empirical context, among COVID-19 hospitalized patients. The effectiveness of this approach has not been established. Given the high death rate linked with secondary infections in COVID-19 patients and the developing antimicrobial resistance, further study is urgently needed to identify the most appropriate rationale for antibiotic therapy in these patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 ; Coinfection/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2817541-4
    ISSN 2314-7156 ; 2314-7156
    ISSN (online) 2314-7156
    ISSN 2314-7156
    DOI 10.1155/2023/6687437
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Illuminating (HTLV-1)-induced adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma transcriptomic signature: A systems virology approach.

    Forghani-Ramandi, Mohammad-Moien / Mostafavi, Behnam / Bahavar, Atefeh / Dehghankar, Maryam / Siami, Zeinab / Mozhgani, Sayed-Hamidreza

    Virus research

    2023  Volume 338, Page(s) 199237

    Abstract: Background: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a poor prognosis malignancy of peripheral T-cells caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The low survival rates observed in the patients are the result of the lack of sufficient ... ...

    Abstract Background: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a poor prognosis malignancy of peripheral T-cells caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The low survival rates observed in the patients are the result of the lack of sufficient knowledge about the disease pathogenesis.
    Methods: In the present study, we first identified differentially expressed genes in ATLL patients and the cellular signaling pathways affected by them. Then, genes of these pathways were subjected to more comprehensive evaluations, including WGCNA and module validation studies on five external datasets. Finally, potential biomarkers were selected for qRT-PCR validation.
    Results: Thirteen signaling pathways, including Apoptosis, Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, IL-17 signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, T cell receptor signaling pathway, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, and seven others were selected for deeper investigations. Results of our in-depth bioinformatics evaluations, highlighted pathways related to regulation of immune responses, T-cell receptor and activation, regulation of cell signaling receptors and messengers, Wnt signaling pathway, and apoptosis as key players in ATLL pathogenesis. MAPK3, PIK3CD, KRAS, NFKB1, TNF, PLCB3, PLCB2, PLCB1, MAPK11, JUN, ITPR1, ADCY1, GNAQ, ADCY3, ADCY4, CHEK1, CCND1, SOS2, BAX, FOS and GNA12 were identified as possible biomarkers. Upregulation of ADCY1 and ADCY3 genes was confirmed via qRT-PCR.
    Conclusions: In this study, we performed a deep bioinformatic examination on a limited set of genes with high probabilities of involvement in the pathogenesis of ATLL. Our results highlighted signaling pathways and genes with potential key roles in disease formation and resistance against current treatment strategies. Further studies are required to test the possible benefits of highlighted genes as biomarkers and targets of treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/genetics ; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/genetics ; Transcriptome ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics ; Lymphoma ; Biomarkers/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Cell Surface ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-23
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605780-9
    ISSN 1872-7492 ; 0168-1702
    ISSN (online) 1872-7492
    ISSN 0168-1702
    DOI 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199237
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in vaccinated healthcare workers.

    Golshahi, Fatemeh / Siami, Zeinab / Feizabad, Elham / Rajabzadeh, Shahab / Zarinjooie, Shirin / Albaji, Maryam / Mabadi, Avin / Azarnoush, Ayein / Nazemi, Pershang

    Iranian journal of microbiology

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) 196–200

    Abstract: Background and objectives: The most appropriate approach to control the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is the widespread adoption of vaccination. Several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed and authorized for use in various geographical regions. The ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: The most appropriate approach to control the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is the widespread adoption of vaccination. Several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed and authorized for use in various geographical regions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccination agents presently utilized by healthcare workers (HCWs), and to investigate whether different COVID-19 vaccines would result in the alleviation of symptoms and the severity of clinical presentation.
    Materials and methods: This multi-center survey was conducted on 329 vaccinated HCWs who were reinfected with COVID-19 between January 8, 2021 and April 8, 2021, in Tehran, Iran.
    Results: Overall, 92.1% and 70.8% of the participants had received 2 and 3 cumulative doses of COVID-19 vaccines, respectively. There were no differences between first/second and third-dose vaccines with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Expectedly, vaccination resulted in a less severe clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as reported by the participants.
    Conclusion: The results suggest that the efficacy of the vaccination agents presently utilized by HCWs was acceptable with no significant difference in vaccine type. Participants receiving at least two doses of vaccines in this survey exceeded 90%, which is comparably higher than studies conducted in other countries.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-16
    Publishing country Iran
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2652849-6
    ISSN 2008-4447 ; 2008-3289
    ISSN (online) 2008-4447
    ISSN 2008-3289
    DOI 10.18502/ijm.v15i2.12468
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Decoding dysregulated angiogenesis in HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers compared to healthy individuals.

    Letafati, Arash / Mozhgani, Sayed-Hamidreza / Marjani, Arezoo / Amiri, Abdollah / Siami, Zeinab / Mohammaditabar, Mahdi / Molaverdi, Ghazale / Hedayatyaghoobi, Mojtaba

    Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 11, Page(s) 317

    Abstract: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first identified human retrovirus responsible for two significant diseases: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Although the ...

    Abstract Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first identified human retrovirus responsible for two significant diseases: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic carriers, a small percentage may develop ATLL or HAM/TSP. In tumorigenesis, a crucial process is angiogenesis, which involves the formation of new blood vessels. However, the precise mechanism of HTLV-1 associated angiogenesis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the gene regulation involved in the angiogenesis signaling pathway associated with HTLV-1 infection. The research enrolled 20 male participants, including asymptomatic carriers and healthy individuals. Blood samples were collected and screened using ELISA for HTLV-1 confirmation, and PCR was performed for both Tax and HBZ for validation. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were carried out, followed by RT-qPCR analysis targeting cellular genes involved in angiogenesis. Our findings indicate that gene expression related to angiogenesis was elevated in HTLV-1 ACs patients. However, the differences in gene expression of the analyzed genes, including HSP27, Paxillin, PDK1, PTEN, RAF1, SOS1, and VEGFR2 between ACs and healthy individuals were not statistically significant. This suggests that although angiogenesis-related genes may show increased expression in HTLV-1 infection, they might not be robust indicators of ATLL progression in asymptomatic carriers. The results of our study demonstrate that angiogenesis gene expression is altered in ACs of HTLV-1, indicating potential involvement of angiogenesis in the early stages before ATLL development. While we observed elevated angiogenesis gene expression in ACs, the lack of statistical significance between ACs and healthy individuals suggests that these gene markers may not be sufficient on their own to predict the development of ATLL in asymptomatic carriers.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/genetics ; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1201189-7
    ISSN 1559-131X ; 0736-0118 ; 1357-0560
    ISSN (online) 1559-131X
    ISSN 0736-0118 ; 1357-0560
    DOI 10.1007/s12032-023-02177-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Identification of novel miRNAs potentially involved in the pathogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma using WGCNA followed by RT-qPCR test of hub genes.

    Shayeghpour, Ali / Forghani-Ramandi, Mohammad-Moien / Solouki, Setayesh / Hosseini, Amin / Hosseini, Parastoo / Khodayar, Sara / Hasani, Mahsa / Aghajanian, Sepehr / Siami, Zeinab / Zarei Ghobadi, Mohadeseh / Mozhgani, Sayed-Hamidreza

    Infectious agents and cancer

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 12

    Abstract: Background: Adult T-cell Lymphoma/Leukemia (ATLL) is characterized by the malignant proliferation of T-cells in Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 and a high mortality rate. Considering the emerging roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various malignancies, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Adult T-cell Lymphoma/Leukemia (ATLL) is characterized by the malignant proliferation of T-cells in Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 and a high mortality rate. Considering the emerging roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various malignancies, the analysis of high-throughput miRNA data employing computational algorithms helps to identify potential biomarkers.
    Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was utilized to analyze miRNA microarray data from ATLL and healthy uninfected samples. To identify miRNAs involved in the progression of ATLL, module preservation analysis was used. Subsequently, based on the target genes of the identified miRNAs, the STRING database was employed to construct protein-protein interaction networks (PPIN). Real-time quantitative PCR was also performed to validate the expression of identified hub genes in the PPIN network.
    Results: After constructing co-expression modules and then performing module preservation analysis, four out of 15 modules were determined as ATLL-specific modules. Next, the hub miRNA including hsa-miR-18a-3p, has-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-196a-3p, and hsa-miR-346 were found as hub miRNAs. The protein-protein interaction networks were constructed for the target genes of each hub miRNA and hub genes were identified. Among them, UBB, RPS15A, and KMT2D were validated by Reverse-transcriptase PCR in ATLL patients.
    Conclusion: The results of the network analysis of miRNAs and their target genes revealed the major players in the pathogenesis of ATLL. Further studies are required to confirm the role of these molecular factors and to discover their potential benefits as treatment targets and diagnostic biomarkers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2251117-9
    ISSN 1750-9378
    ISSN 1750-9378
    DOI 10.1186/s13027-023-00492-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Effect of probiotic consumption on increasing the CD4+ T cell counts among Iranian patients living with HIV

    Hamid Emadi-Koochak / Zeinab Siami / Jayran zebardast / SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi / Ali Asadollahi-Amin

    Journal of Health Research, Vol 34, Iss 2, Pp 123-

    A double-blind randomized clinical trial

    2020  Volume 133

    Abstract: Purpose – During the ART era, persistent immune activation remains a significant challenge in people living with HIV (PLWH). Microbial translocation play an essential role in this setting. Probiotics have several immunological benefits which can reverse ... ...

    Abstract Purpose – During the ART era, persistent immune activation remains a significant challenge in people living with HIV (PLWH). Microbial translocation play an essential role in this setting. Probiotics have several immunological benefits which can reverse this process. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the safety and efficacy of probiotics on CD4 counts among Iranian PLWH. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 50 PLWH with CD4 counts above 350 cells/mm3 did not receive ART participated in a randomized, double-blind trial and underwent 24 weeks of treatment with either LactoCare® or placebo twice daily. CD4 counts of the patients were measured at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 later in the two groups. Side effects were measured monthly using a specific checklist. Findings – The mean CD4 count of the patients showed a significant difference between the two groups after six months. Through six months follow up, the mean CD4 count of the patients showed a significant reduction as compared to the baseline in the placebo group; however, it did not show a significant difference in the probiotic group. Repeated Measures Anova test showed a significant effect for time × treatment interaction on the CD4 count during the trial course. No significant difference between the two groups concerning adverse events was reported. Originality/value – It seems the use of probiotics in PLWH with a CD4 count above 350 cells/mm3 who are not receiving antiretroviral drugs is safe and can reduce the devastating process of CD4+ T cells in these patients.
    Keywords hiv ; probiotic consumption ; cd4 count ; iran ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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