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  1. Article ; Online: Effect of meteorological parameters on spread of COVID-19 in India and air quality during lockdown.

    Kumar, Sarvan

    The Science of the total environment

    2020  Volume 745, Page(s) 141021

    Abstract: The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and has created a medical emergency worldwide. In India, it is already reported more than 855 thousand cases and more than 22 thousands deaths due to COVID- ... ...

    Abstract The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and has created a medical emergency worldwide. In India, it is already reported more than 855 thousand cases and more than 22 thousands deaths due to COVID-19 till July 12, 2020. The role of temperature, humidity, and absolute humidity in the transmission of COVID-19 has not yet been well established. In contrast, for the previous many viral infections like influenza, it is well established. Therefore the study to investigate the meteorological condition for incidence and spread of COVID-19 infection and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures against the new disease is required for India. In this work, we analyze daily averaged meteorological data for the last three years (2017-2019) for March, April and May months and the same for the year 2020 for March 1 to May 31. We found a positive association between daily COVID-19 cases and temperature and a mixed association with relative and absolute humidity over India. We have investigated the association of aerosols (AOD) and other pollutions (NO
    MeSH term(s) Air Pollution/analysis ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology ; Cities ; Coronavirus Infections ; India/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Effect of meteorological parameters on spread of COVID-19 in India and air quality during lockdown

    Kumar, Sarvan

    Science of The Total Environment

    2020  Volume 745, Page(s) 141021

    Keywords Environmental Engineering ; Waste Management and Disposal ; Pollution ; Environmental Chemistry ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141021
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Effect of meteorological parameters on spread of COVID-19 in India and air quality during lockdown

    Kumar, Sarvan

    Sci Total Environ

    Abstract: The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and has created a medical emergency worldwide. In India, it is already reported more than 855 thousand cases and more than 22 thousands deaths due to COVID- ... ...

    Abstract The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and has created a medical emergency worldwide. In India, it is already reported more than 855 thousand cases and more than 22 thousands deaths due to COVID-19 till July 12, 2020. The role of temperature, humidity, and absolute humidity in the transmission of COVID-19 has not yet been well established. In contrast, for the previous many viral infections like influenza, it is well established. Therefore the study to investigate the meteorological condition for incidence and spread of COVID-19 infection and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures against the new disease is required for India. In this work, we analyze daily averaged meteorological data for the last three years (2017-2019) for March, April and May months and the same for the year 2020 for March 1 to May 31. We found a positive association between daily COVID-19 cases and temperature and a mixed association with relative and absolute humidity over India. We have investigated the association of aerosols (AOD) and other pollutions (NO2) with COVID-19 cases during the study period and also during the lockdown period (25 March-31 May) in India. During the lockdown period, aerosols (AOD) and NO2 reduced sharply with a maximum percentage drop of about 60 and 45, respectively. We have also found the reduction in surface PM2.5 PM10 and NO2 for the six mega cities of India during the lockdown period. Our results suggest that COVID-19 still may spread in warm, humid regions or during summer/monsoon, therefore an effective public health intervention should be implemented across India to slow down the transmission of COVID-19.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #664319
    Database COVID19

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  4. Article ; Online: Will COVID-19 pandemic diminish by summer-monsoon in India? Lesson from the first lockdown

    Kumar, Sarvan

    medRxiv

    Abstract: The novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and has created a medical emergency worldwide. It has spread rapidly to multiple countries and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health ... ...

    Abstract The novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and has created a medical emergency worldwide. It has spread rapidly to multiple countries and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. In India, it is already reported more than 18 thousand cases and more than 600 deaths due to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) till April 20, 2020. Previous studies on various viral infections like influenza have supported an epidemiological hypothesis that the cold and dry (low absolute humidity) environments favor the survival and spread of droplet-mediated viral diseases. These viral transmissions found attenuated in warm and humid (high absolute humidity) environments. However, the role of temperature, humidity, and absolute humidity in the transmission of COVID-19 has not yet been well established. Therefore the study to investigate the meteorological condition for incidence and spread of COVID-19 infection, to predict the epidemiology of the infectious disease, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures against the new disease is required for India. In this work, we analyze the local weather patterns of the Indian region affected by the COVID-19 virus for March and April months, 2020. We have investigated the effect of meteorological parameters like Temperature, relative humidity, and absolute humidity on the rate of spread of COVID-19 using daily confirm cases in India. We have used daily averaged meteorological data for the last three years (2017-2019) for March and April month and the same for the year 2020 for March 1 to April 15. We found a positive association (Pearsons r=0.56) between temperature and daily COVID-19 cases over India. We found a negative association of humidity (RH and AH) with daily COVID-19 Cases (Persons r=-0.62, -0.37). We have also investigated the role of aerosol in spreading the pandemic across India because its possible airborne nature. For this, we have investigated the association of aerosols (AOD) and other pollutions (NO2) with COVID-19 cases during the study period and also during the first lockdown period (25 March-15 April) in India. We found a negative association in March when there were few cases, but in April, it shows positive association when the number of cases is more (for AOD it was r=-0.41 and r=0.28 respectively). During the lockdown period, aerosols (AOD) and other pollutants (NO2; an indicator of PM2.5) reduced sharply with a percentage drop of about 36 and 37, respectively. This reduction may have reduced the risk for COVID-19 through air transmission due to the unavailability of aerosol particles as a base. HYSPLIT forward trajectory model also shows that surface aerosols may travel up to 4 km according to wind and direction within three h of its generation. If coronavirus becomes airborne as suggested by many studies, then it may have a higher risk of transmission by aerosols particles. So relaxing in the lockdown and environmental rules in terms of pollutant emissions from power plants, factories, and other facilities would be a wrong choice and could result in more COVID-19 incidences and deaths in India. Therefore the current study, although limited, suggests that it is doubtful that the spread of COVID-19 would slow down in India due to meteorological factors, like high temperature and high humidity. Because a large number of cases have already been reported in the range of high Tem, high Relative, and high absolute humidity regions of India. Thus our results in no way suggest that COVID-19 would not spread in warm, humid regions or during summer/monsoon. So effective public health interventions should be implemented across India to slow down the transmission of COVID-19. If COVID-19 is indeed sensitive to environmental factors, it could be tested in the coming summer-monsoon for India. So the only summer is not going to help India until monsoon is coming. Only government mitigations strategies would be helpful, whether its lockdown, aggressive and strategic testing, medical facilities, imposing social distancing, encouraging to use face mask or monitoring by a mobile application (Aarogya Setu).
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-25
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.22.20075499
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties of methanolic leaf extract of plumbago zeylanica L.: GC-MS and HR-LCMS metabolite profiling

    Guguloth, Sarvan Kumar / Malothu, Narender / Ganta, Narayana Murthy / Ramakrishna, Kakarla / Guntupalli, Chakravarthi

    SAAB South African Journal of Botany. 2023 Aug., v. 159 p.627-634

    2023  

    Abstract: Cardiovascular illnesses like ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular complications, which eventually cause morbidity and mortality, are mostly driven by blood clotting events. The present study is aimed to ... ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular illnesses like ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular complications, which eventually cause morbidity and mortality, are mostly driven by blood clotting events. The present study is aimed to evaluate the antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of methanolic leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica L. (MPEZ) in rats and to identify the phytochemical distribution by the GC–MS and HR-LCMS. Antiplatelet activity of MEPZ was evaluated by assessing bleeding time (BT),collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and arachidonic acid (AA) induced platelet aggregation. The antithrombotic effects were assessed by measuring the coagulation parameters such as fibrinogen (Fb), thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partialthromboplastin time (aPTT). Phytochemicals present in MEPZ were identified by GC–MS and HR-LCMS analysis. In this study, MEPZ treatment significantly prolonged the BT and inhibited collagen, ADP, and AA-induced platelet aggregation. Besides, MEPZ treatment prolonged the TT, PT, and aPTT and decreased the fibrinogen levels. Further, MEPZ treatment did not alter the RBC, Hb, and platelet count. Furthermore, GC–MS and HR-LCMS analysis revealed the presence of a total of 46 compounds of a variety of chemical classes like alkaloids, flavonoids, diterpenoids, fatty acids, glycosides, amino acids and polyphenols, etc. Based on these experimental results, it can be concluded that Plumbago zeylanica L. leaves possess potential antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties.
    Keywords Plumbago zeylanica ; adenosine diphosphate ; arachidonic acid ; blood ; blood platelet count ; coagulation ; collagen ; diterpenoids ; fibrinogen ; flavonoids ; glycosides ; leaf extracts ; metabolites ; morbidity ; mortality ; myocardial infarction ; platelet aggregation ; polyphenols ; prothrombin ; stroke ; thrombin ; thrombosis ; Antiplatelet ; Antithrombotic ; GC-MS ; Plumbago zeylanica L. ; HR-LCMS ; CPCSEA ; ADP ; TT ; PT ; BT ; Fb ; aPTT
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-08
    Size p. 627-634.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2126918-X
    ISSN 0254-6299
    ISSN 0254-6299
    DOI 10.1016/j.sajb.2023.06.027
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Development of venetoclax with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex for improved bioavailability.

    Patil, Smalant Kishor / Chary, Padakanti Sandeep / Maddipatla, Sarvan / Madhavi, Y V / Singothu, Siva / Bhandari, Vasundhra / Pardhi, Ekta / Bansal, Kuldeep Kumar / Mehra, Neelesh Kumar

    Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

    2024  , Page(s) 1–18

    Abstract: Cyclodextrin complexes loaded with venetoclax for improved solubility and therapeutic efficacy as repurposed drug. The venetoclax-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared using kneading method. Primarily in-silico molecular docking study was performed ...

    Abstract Cyclodextrin complexes loaded with venetoclax for improved solubility and therapeutic efficacy as repurposed drug. The venetoclax-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was prepared using kneading method. Primarily in-silico molecular docking study was performed to examine the possible interaction between venetoclax and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and extensively characterized. The in-vitro studies were performed using A-549 lung epithelial cancer cells. The in-vivo pharmaco-kinetic studies was performed on wistar rats. The aqueous solubility of venetoclax was increased upto 3.16 folds, as compared with pure venetoclax with entrapment efficiency (EE%) was determined 95.44 ± 0.3%. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies were carried on A-549 lung epithelial cancer cells, wherein BCL-2 receptors were highly over-expressed and IC 50 values for venetoclax and venetoclax- HP-β-CD complex was calculated at 24 and 48 hrs in the order of 1.241 µg/ml, 0.68 µg/ml and 0.757719 µg/ml, 0.6125 µg/mL, respectively. The oral bioavailability was increased 4.03 times compared to the pure drug. The venetoclax-HP-β-CD inclusion complexes showed the increased aqueous solubility with improved anticancer activities.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 49157-3
    ISSN 1538-0254 ; 0739-1102
    ISSN (online) 1538-0254
    ISSN 0739-1102
    DOI 10.1080/07391102.2024.2305695
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Silver linings in the dark clouds of COVID-19: Improvement of air quality over India and Delhi metropolitan area from measurements and WRF-CHIMERE model simulations.

    Dumka, U C / Kaskaoutis, D G / Verma, Shubha / Ningombam, Shantikumar S / Kumar, Sarvan / Ghosh, Sanhita

    Atmospheric pollution research

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 225–242

    Abstract: The current study examines the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown (25th March until May 17, 2020) period in particulate matter (PM) concentrations and air pollutants ( ... ...

    Abstract The current study examines the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown (25th March until May 17, 2020) period in particulate matter (PM) concentrations and air pollutants (NO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-11
    Publishing country Turkey
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2645757-X
    ISSN 1309-1042
    ISSN 1309-1042
    DOI 10.1016/j.apr.2020.11.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Elevated Black Carbon Concentrations and Atmospheric Pollution around Singrauli Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants (India) Using Ground and Satellite Data

    Ramesh P. Singh / Sarvan Kumar / Abhay K. Singh

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 15, Iss 11, p

    2018  Volume 2472

    Abstract: The tropospheric NO 2 concentration from OMI AURA always shows high concentrations of NO 2 at a few locations in India, one of the high concentrations of NO 2 hotspots is associated with the locations of seven coal-fired Thermal Power plants (TPPs) in ... ...

    Abstract The tropospheric NO 2 concentration from OMI AURA always shows high concentrations of NO 2 at a few locations in India, one of the high concentrations of NO 2 hotspots is associated with the locations of seven coal-fired Thermal Power plants (TPPs) in Singrauli. Emissions from TPPs are among the major sources of black carbon (BC) soot in the atmosphere. Knowledge of BC emissions from TPPs is important in characterizing regional carbonaceous particulate emissions, understanding the fog/haze/smog formation, evaluating regional climate forcing, modeling aerosol optical parameters and concentrations of black carbon, and evaluating human health. Furthermore, elevated BC concentrations, over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and the Himalayan foothills, have emerged as an important subject to estimate the effects of deposition and atmospheric warming of BC on the accelerated melting of snow and glaciers in the Himalaya. For the first time, this study reports BC concentrations and aerosol optical parameters near dense coal-fired power plants and open cast coal mining adjacent to the east IGP. In-situ measurements were carried out in Singrauli (located in south-east IGP) at a fixed site about 10 km from power plants and in transit measurements in close proximity to the plants, for few days in the month of January and March 2013. At the fixed site, BC concentration up to the 95 μgm −3 is observed with strong diurnal variations. BC concentration shows two maxima peaks during early morning and evening hours. High BC concentrations are observed in close proximity to the coal-fired TPPs (>200 μgm −3 ), compared to the outside domain of our study region. Co-located ground-based sunphotometer measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) show strong spatial variability at the fixed site, with AOD in the range 0.38⁻0.58, and the highest AOD in the range 0.7⁻0.95 near the TPPs in transit measurements (similar to the peak of BC concentrations). Additionally, the Angstrom exponent was found to be in the range 0.4⁻1.0 (maximum in the ...
    Keywords black carbon ; AOD ; power plants ; coal mining ; CALIPSO ; Indo-Gangetic Plain ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Elevated Black Carbon Concentrations and Atmospheric Pollution around Singrauli Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants (India) Using Ground and Satellite Data.

    Singh, Ramesh P / Kumar, Sarvan / Singh, Abhay K

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2018  Volume 15, Issue 11

    Abstract: The tropospheric NO₂ concentration from OMI AURA always shows high concentrations of NO₂ at a few locations in India, one of the high concentrations of NO₂ hotspots is associated with the locations of seven coal-fired Thermal Power plants (TPPs) in ... ...

    Abstract The tropospheric NO₂ concentration from OMI AURA always shows high concentrations of NO₂ at a few locations in India, one of the high concentrations of NO₂ hotspots is associated with the locations of seven coal-fired Thermal Power plants (TPPs) in Singrauli. Emissions from TPPs are among the major sources of black carbon (BC) soot in the atmosphere. Knowledge of BC emissions from TPPs is important in characterizing regional carbonaceous particulate emissions, understanding the fog/haze/smog formation, evaluating regional climate forcing, modeling aerosol optical parameters and concentrations of black carbon, and evaluating human health. Furthermore, elevated BC concentrations, over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and the Himalayan foothills, have emerged as an important subject to estimate the effects of deposition and atmospheric warming of BC on the accelerated melting of snow and glaciers in the Himalaya. For the first time, this study reports BC concentrations and aerosol optical parameters near dense coal-fired power plants and open cast coal mining adjacent to the east IGP. In-situ measurements were carried out in Singrauli (located in south-east IGP) at a fixed site about 10 km from power plants and in transit measurements in close proximity to the plants, for few days in the month of January and March 2013. At the fixed site, BC concentration up to the 95 μgm
    MeSH term(s) Aerosols ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Climate ; Coal ; Dust/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Humans ; India ; Power Plants ; Satellite Communications ; Soot/analysis
    Chemical Substances Aerosols ; Air Pollutants ; Coal ; Dust ; Soot
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph15112472
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Identification of nitrofuranylchalcone tethered benzoxazole-2-amines as potent inhibitors of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrating bactericidal efficacy.

    Kumar Sahoo, Santosh / Maddipatla, Sarvan / Nageswara Rao Gajula, Siva / Naiyaz Ahmad, Mohammad / Kaul, Grace / Nanduri, Srinivas / Sonti, Rajesh / Dasgupta, Arunava / Chopra, Sidharth / Madhavi Yaddanapudi, Venkata

    Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry

    2022  Volume 64, Page(s) 116777

    Abstract: Ever increasing drug resistance has become an impeding threat that continues to hamper effective tackling of otherwise treatable tuberculosis (TB). Such dismal situation necessitates identification and exploration of multitarget acting newer chemotypes ... ...

    Abstract Ever increasing drug resistance has become an impeding threat that continues to hamper effective tackling of otherwise treatable tuberculosis (TB). Such dismal situation necessitates identification and exploration of multitarget acting newer chemotypes with bactericidal efficacy as a priority, that could efficiently hinder uncontrolled spread of TB. In this context, herein we present design, synthesis and bio-evaluation of chalcone tethered bezoxazole-2-amines as promising anti-TB chemotypes. Preliminary screening of 24 compounds revealed initial hits 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl and 5-nitrofuran-2-yl derivative exhibiting selective inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv. Further, structural optimization of hit compounds generated 12 analogues, amongst which 5-nitrofuran-2-yl derivatives displayed potent inhibition of not only drug-susceptible (DS) Mtb but also clinical isolates of drug-resistant (DR) Mtb strains equipotently. Moreover, cell viability test against Vero cells found these compounds with favourable selectivity. Time kill analysis led to the identification of the lead compound (E)-1-(4-((5-chlorobenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)amino)phenyl)-3-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, that demonstrated bactericidal killing of Mtb bacilli. Together with acceptable microsomal stability, the lead compound of the series manifested all desirable traits of a promising antitubercular agent.
    MeSH term(s) Amines/pharmacology ; Animals ; Antitubercular Agents/chemistry ; Benzoxazoles/pharmacology ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Nitrofurans/pharmacology ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy ; Vero Cells
    Chemical Substances Amines ; Antitubercular Agents ; Benzoxazoles ; Nitrofurans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1161284-8
    ISSN 1464-3391 ; 0968-0896
    ISSN (online) 1464-3391
    ISSN 0968-0896
    DOI 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116777
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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