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Article: Durable immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in both lower and upper airways achieved with a gorilla adenovirus (GRAd) S-2P vaccine in non-human primates.

Moliva, Juan I / Andrew, Shayne F / Flynn, Barbara J / Wagner, Danielle A / Foulds, Kathryn E / Gagne, Matthew / Flebbe, Dillon R / Lamb, Evan / Provost, Samantha / Marquez, Josue / Mychalowych, Anna / Lorag, Cynthia G / Honeycutt, Christopher Cole / Burnett, Matthew R / McCormick, Lauren / Henry, Amy R / Godbole, Sucheta / Davis-Gardner, Meredith E / Minai, Mahnaz /

Bock, Kevin W / Nagata, Bianca M / Todd, John-Paul M / McCarthy, Elizabeth / Dodson, Alan / Kouneski, Katelyn / Cook, Anthony / Pessaint, Laurent / Ry, Alex Van / Valentin, Daniel / Young, Steve / Littman, Yoav / Boon, Adrianus C M / Suthar, Mehul S / Lewis, Mark G / Andersen, Hanne / Alves, Derron A / Woodward, Ruth / Leuzzi, Adriano / Vitelli, Alessandra / Colloca, Stefano / Folgori, Antonella / Raggiolli, Angelo / Capone, Stefania / Nason, Martha C / Douek, Daniel C / Roederer, Mario / Seder, Robert A / Sullivan, Nancy J

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: ... protein (S-2P) in non-human primates provided protective immunity for over one year against the BA.5 ... variant of SARS-CoV-2. A prime-boost regimen using GRAd followed by adjuvanted S-2P (GRAd+S-2P ... accelerated viral clearance in both the lower and upper airways. GRAd delivered via aerosol (GRAd(AE)+S-2P ...

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a global threat, and current vaccines, while effective against severe illness, fall short in preventing transmission. To address this challenge, there's a need for vaccines that induce mucosal immunity and can rapidly control the virus. In this study, we demonstrate that a single immunization with a novel gorilla adenovirus-based vaccine (GRAd) carrying the pre-fusion stabilized Spike protein (S-2P) in non-human primates provided protective immunity for over one year against the BA.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2. A prime-boost regimen using GRAd followed by adjuvanted S-2P (GRAd+S-2P) accelerated viral clearance in both the lower and upper airways. GRAd delivered via aerosol (GRAd(AE)+S-2P) modestly improved protection compared to its matched intramuscular regimen, but showed dramatically superior boosting by mRNA and, importantly, total virus clearance in the upper airway by day 4 post infection. GrAd vaccination regimens elicited robust and durable systemic and mucosal antibody responses to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, but only GRAd(AE)+S-2P generated long-lasting T cell responses in the lung. This research underscores the flexibility of the GRAd vaccine platform to provide durable immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in both the lower and upper airways.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.11.22.567930
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A Metasurface-Based LTC Polarization Converter with S-Shaped Split Ring Resonator Structure for Flexible Applications.

Li, Erfeng / Li, Xue Jun / Seet, Boon-Chong / Ghaffar, Adnan / Aneja, Aayush

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 14

Abstract: ... structure for conformal and wearable applications. The converter consists of nested S- and C-shaped split ...

Abstract	This paper presents a metasurface-based linear-to-circular polarization converter with a flexible structure for conformal and wearable applications. The converter consists of nested S- and C-shaped split ring resonators in the unit cell and can convert linearly polarized incident waves into left-handed circularly polarized ones at 12.4 GHz. Simulation results show that the proposed design has a high polarization conversion rate and efficiency at the operating frequency. Conformal tests are also conducted to evaluate the performance under curvature circumstances. A minor shift in the operating frequency is observed when the converter is applied on a sinusoidal wavy surface.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23146268
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Durable immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in both lower and upper airways achieved with a gorilla adenovirus (GRAd) S-2P vaccine in non-human primates

Moliva, Juan I. / Andrew, Shayne F. / Flynn, Barbara J. / Wagner, Danielle A. / Foulds, Kathryn E. / Gagne, Matthew / Flebbe, Dillon R. / Lamb, Evan / Provost, Samantha / Marquez, Josue / Mychalowych, Anna / Lorag, Cynthia G. / Honeycutt, Christopher Cole / Burnett, Matthew R. / McCormick, Lauren / Henry, Amy R. / Godbole, Sucheta / Davis-Gardner, Meredith E. / Minai, Mahnaz /

Bock, Kevin W. / Nagata, Bianca M. / Todd, John-Paul M. / McCarthy, Elizabeth / Dodson, Alan / Kouneski, Katelyn / Cook, Anthony / Pessaint, Laurent / Van Ry, Alex / Valentin, Daniel / Young, Steve / Littman, Yoav / Boon, Adrianus C. M. / Suthar, Mehul S. / Lewis, Mark G. / Andersen, Hanne / Alves, Derron A. / Woodward, Ruth / Leuzzi, Adriano / Vitelli, Alessandra / Colloca, Stefano / Folgori, Antonella / Raggiolli, Angelo / Capone, Stefania / Nason, Martha C. / Douek, Daniel C. / Roederer, Mario / Seder, Robert A. / Sullivan, Nancy J.

bioRxiv

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a global threat, and current vaccines, while effective against severe illness, fall short in preventing transmission. To address this challenge, there9s a need for vaccines that induce mucosal immunity and can rapidly control the virus. In this study, we demonstrate that a single immunization with a novel gorilla adenovirus-based vaccine (GRAd) carrying the pre-fusion stabilized Spike protein (S-2P) in non-human primates provided protective immunity for over one year against the BA.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2. A prime-boost regimen using GRAd followed by adjuvanted S-2P (GRAd+S-2P) accelerated viral clearance in both the lower and upper airways. GRAd delivered via aerosol (GRAd(AE)+S-2P) modestly improved protection compared to its matched intramuscular regimen, but showed dramatically superior boosting by mRNA and, importantly, total virus clearance in the upper airway by day 4 post infection. GrAd vaccination regimens elicited robust and durable systemic and mucosal antibody responses to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, but only GRAd(AE)+S-2P generated long-lasting T cell responses in the lung. This research underscores the flexibility of the GRAd vaccine platform to provide durable immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in both the lower and upper airways.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-22
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.11.22.567930
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Durable immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in both lower and upper airways achieved with a gorilla adenovirus (GRAd) S-2P vaccine in non-human primates

Moliva, Juan I / Andrew, Shayne F / Flynn, Barbara J / Wagner, Danielle A / Foulds, Kathryn E / Gagne, Matthew / Flebbe, Dillon R / Lamb, Evan / Provost, Samantha / Marquez, Josue / Mychalowych, Anna / Lorag, Cynthia / Honeycutt, Christopher Cole / Burnett, Matthew R / McCormick, Lauren / Henry, Amy R / Godbole, Sucheta / Davis-Gardner, Meredith E / Minai, Mahnaz /

Bok, Kevin W / Nagata, Bianca M / Todd, John-Paul M / McCarthy, Elizabeth / Dodson, Alan / Kouneski, Katelyn / Cook, Anthony / Pessaint, Laurent / Van Ry, Alex / Valentin, Daniel / Young, Steve / Littman, Yoav / Boon, Adrianus C. M. / Suthar, Mehul S / Lewis, Mark G / Andersen, Hanne / Alves, Derron A / Woodward, Ruth / Leuzzi, Adriano / Vitelli, Alessandra / Colloca, Stefano / Folgori, Antonella / Raggiolli, Angelo / Capone, Stefania / Nason, Martha C / Douek, Daniel / Roederer, Mario / Seder, Robert A / Sullivan, Nancy J

bioRxiv

Abstract	SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a global threat, and current vaccines, while effective against severe illness, fall short in preventing transmission. To address this challenge, there9s a need for vaccines that induce mucosal immunity and can rapidly control the virus. In this study, we demonstrate that a single immunization with a novel gorilla adenovirus-based vaccine (GRAd) carrying the pre-fusion stabilized Spike protein (S-2P) in non-human primates provided protective immunity for over one year against the BA.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2. A prime-boost regimen using GRAd followed by adjuvanted S-2P (GRAd+S-2P) accelerated viral clearance in both the lower and upper airways. GRAd delivered via aerosol (GRAd(AE)+S-2P) modestly improved protection compared to its matched intramuscular regimen, but showed dramatically superior boosting by mRNA and, importantly, total virus clearance in the upper airway by day 4 post infection. GrAd vaccination regimens elicited robust and durable systemic and mucosal antibody responses to multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, but only GRAd(AE)+S-2P generated long-lasting T cell responses in the lung. This research underscores the flexibility of the GRAd vaccine platform to provide durable immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in both the lower and upper airways.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-22
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.11.22.567930
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The Conceptualisation of Inventive and Repurposable Children’s Furniture

Phuah, Zhi Yuan / Ng, Poh Kiat / Lim, Boon Kian / Nathan, Robert Jeyakumar / Ng, Yu Jin / Yeow, Jian Ai

Forests. 2022 Dec. 02, v. 13, no. 12

2022

Abstract: ... on the sustainability and innovative design of children’s furniture, these studies have not considered factors ... such as inventiveness and repurposability. This study aimed to conceptualise inventive and repurposable children’s ... for children’s furniture, including usability and safety. ...

Abstract	Every piece of furniture has a certain lifespan. Most furniture is eventually thrown away and ends up in landfill, thus polluting the environment. The idea of repurposability, where a product is used for another purpose at the end of its useful life, was developed to solve this problem. While there have been studies on the sustainability and innovative design of children’s furniture, these studies have not considered factors such as inventiveness and repurposability. This study aimed to conceptualise inventive and repurposable children’s furniture. Five concepts are proposed based on a synthesis of the patent literature, existing products and academic journals. These concepts are evaluated to determine which concept best meets eleven improvement requirements, which include improved aesthetics, cost, simplicity, manufacturability, functionality, comfort, ease of repurposing, durability, safety, sustainability and inventiveness. The result is that the invention can be used as a crib, highchair, bed safety rail, chair, pull-up bar, walker and toilet attachment. The concept is also inventive because (1) it has a large number of unique combinations of repurposable functions; (2) it has a unique shape and design that facilitate the repurposing process from one function to another; (3) it has a simple design so that users can transform the functions with ease. While retaining the added value of many repurposed functions, the extended life of this invention reduces consumer spending and saves space. This concept reduces waste and the consumption of natural resources. Further studies are needed to ensure that the concept meets all technical requirements and specifications for children’s furniture, including usability and safety.
Keywords	aesthetics ; durability ; furniture ; landfills ; longevity ; wastes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1202
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f13122053
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Subjective Functional Difficulties Were Associated With Subjective Cognitive Decline Among U.S. Older Adults: Mentally Unhealthy Days Mediation and Income Level Moderation Effects.

Komalasari, Renata / Thiamwong, Ladda / Wangi, Karolus / Ng, Boon Peng

SAGE open nursing

2024 Volume 10, Page(s) 23779608231226065

Abstract: Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a self-perceived decline in cognition that may progress to mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. SCD may be associated with difficulties in daily functioning and psychological distress. ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a self-perceived decline in cognition that may progress to mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. SCD may be associated with difficulties in daily functioning and psychological distress. Previous research has shown the association between functional difficulties and SCD via mentally unhealthy days (MUDs). However, whether income levels influence the mediation effect of MUDs is less understood. Objectives: This study examined the association between subjective functional difficulties and the odds of SCD through MUDs, and whether the mediation effect was moderated by income levels. Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ( Results: Subjective functional difficulties were positively associated with SCD through mediation by MUDs ( Conclusions: Our study extends previous findings by demonstrating that greater subjective functional difficulties are associated with higher odds of SCD through more frequent MUDs, with higher income levels being associated with more SCD reporting.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2865437-7
ISSN	2377-9608 ; 2377-9608
ISSN (online)	2377-9608
ISSN	2377-9608
DOI	10.1177/23779608231226065
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Life-history traits of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) distributed across a latitudinal range of 23 °N-6 °S.

Neoh, Kok-Boon / Bong, Lee-Jin / Silalahi, Christina Natalina / Panthawong, Amonrat / Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap / Ahmad, Intan

Journal of medical entomology

2024

Abstract: The growth and associated traits of Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes may adapt and evolve in response to the costs associated with body size in relation to latitudinal variation. We analyzed the life-history traits and energy reserves of field-collected ... ...

Abstract	The growth and associated traits of Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes may adapt and evolve in response to the costs associated with body size in relation to latitudinal variation. We analyzed the life-history traits and energy reserves of field-collected mosquitoes from Taiwan, Thailand, and Indonesia along a latitudinal range spanning from 23°N to 6°S. A U-shaped relationship between body size and latitude was observed. Our study demonstrated the role of latitudinal temperature variations in determining the body size patterns of Ae. aegypti. Notably, the body size of the northern populations (from Taiwan) was significantly larger than those of the tropical populations from Thailand and Indonesia. Models have demonstrated that regional precipitation levels may contribute to body trait variations in certain high-latitude populations in Thailand. However, Indonesian populations have high development rates and large body sizes, indicating the involvement of other physiological traits in determining mosquito body size. The reproductive output of the adult females in this study was positively correlated with body size, but our measure of longevity did not covary significantly with the body size. By contrast, the reproductive output of mosquito-tested populations was in inverse proportion to longevity. Additionally, the mean teneral glycogen levels in the Indonesian and Thai populations were 2.5 times higher than those in the Taiwanese populations. The Indonesian and Thai populations had low mean generation and doubling times, resulting in a high intrinsic rate of increase compared with that of the Taiwanese populations, despite the Taiwanese populations having the highest net reproduction rate.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410635-0
ISSN	1938-2928 ; 0022-2585
ISSN (online)	1938-2928
ISSN	0022-2585
DOI	10.1093/jme/tjae025
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Article ; Online: mRNA-1273 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines protect against the B.1.621 variant of SARS-CoV-2.

Darling, Tamarand L / Ying, Baoling / Whitener, Bradley / VanBlargan, Laura A / Bricker, Traci L / Liang, Chieh-Yu / Joshi, Astha / Bamunuarachchi, Gayan / Seehra, Kuljeet / Schmitz, Aaron J / Halfmann, Peter J / Kawaoka, Yoshihiro / Elbashir, Sayda M / Edwards, Darin K / Thackray, Larissa B / Diamond, Michael S / Boon, Adrianus C M

Med (New York, N.Y.)

2022 Volume 3, Issue 5, Page(s) 309–324.e6

Abstract: ... the Johnson & Johnson recombinant adenoviral-vectored vaccine (Ad26.COV2.S) against the B.1.621 (Mu) variant ... with a high dose of Ad26.COV2.S reduced lung infection after B.1.621 virus challenge.: Conclusions ... Thus, immunity induced by the mRNA-1273 or Ad26.COV2.S vaccine can protect against the B.1.621 variant of SARS ...

Abstract	Background: Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019, viral variants with greater transmissibility or immune-evasion properties have arisen, which could jeopardize recently deployed vaccine- and antibody-based countermeasures. Methods: Here, we evaluated in mice and hamsters the efficacy of a pre-clinical version of the Moderna mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273) and the Johnson & Johnson recombinant adenoviral-vectored vaccine (Ad26.COV2.S) against the B.1.621 (Mu) variant of SARS-CoV-2, which contains spike mutations T95I, Y144S, Y145N, R346K, E484K, N501Y, D614G, P681H, and D950N. Findings: Immunization of 129S2 and K18-human ACE2 transgenic mice with the mRNA-1273 vaccine protected against weight loss, lung infection, and lung pathology after challenge with the B.1.621 or WA1/2020 N501Y/D614G SARS-CoV-2 strain. Similarly, immunization of 129S2 mice and Syrian hamsters with a high dose of Ad26.COV2.S reduced lung infection after B.1.621 virus challenge. Conclusions: Thus, immunity induced by the mRNA-1273 or Ad26.COV2.S vaccine can protect against the B.1.621 variant of SARS-CoV-2 in multiple animal models. Funding: This study was supported by the NIH (R01 AI157155 and U01 AI151810), NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response [CEIRR] contracts 75N93021C00014 and 75N93021C00016, and the Collaborative Influenza Vaccine Innovation Centers [CIVIC] contract 75N93019C00051. It was also supported, in part, by the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis (HHSN272201400008C) and the Japan Program for Infectious Diseases Research and Infrastructure (JP21wm0125002) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).
MeSH term(s)	2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/immunology ; 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/pharmacology ; Ad26COVS1 ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Mice ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; mRNA Vaccines/immunology ; mRNA Vaccines/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Ad26COVS1 (JT2NS6183B) ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; mRNA Vaccines ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 (EPK39PL4R4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2666-6340
ISSN (online)	2666-6340
DOI	10.1016/j.medj.2022.03.009
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: PICK-ing Malaysia’s Epidemic Apart

Jing Lian Suah / Peter Seah Keng Tok / Su Miin Ong / Masliyana Husin / Boon Hwa Tng / Sheamini Sivasampu / Thevesh Thevananthan / Maheshwara Rao Appannan / Faizah Muhamad Zin / Shahanizan Mohd Zin / Hazlina Yahaya / Norhayati Rusli / Mohd Fikri Ujang / Hishamshah Mohd Ibrahim / Noor Hisham Abdullah / Kalaiarasu M. Peariasamy

Vaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1381, p

Effectiveness of a Diverse COVID-19 Vaccine Portfolio

2021 Volume 1381

Abstract: Malaysia rolled out a diverse portfolio of predominantly three COVID-19 vaccines (AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac) beginning 24 February 2021. We evaluated vaccine effectiveness with two methods, covering 1 April to 15 September 2021: (1) the screening ... ...

Abstract	Malaysia rolled out a diverse portfolio of predominantly three COVID-19 vaccines (AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac) beginning 24 February 2021. We evaluated vaccine effectiveness with two methods, covering 1 April to 15 September 2021: (1) the screening method for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and symptomatic COVID-19; and (2) a retrospective cohort of confirmed COVID-19 cases for COVID-19 related ICU admission and death using logistic regression. The screening method estimated partial vaccination to be 48.8% effective (95% CI: 46.8, 50.7) against COVID-19 infection and 33.5% effective (95% CI: 31.6, 35.5) against symptomatic COVID-19. Full vaccination is estimated at 87.8% effective (95% CI: 85.8, 89.7) against COVID-19 infection and 85.4% effective (95% CI: 83.4, 87.3) against symptomatic COVID-19. Among the cohort of confirmed COVID-19 cases, partial vaccination with any of the three vaccines is estimated at 31.3% effective (95% CI: 28.5, 34.1) in preventing ICU admission, and 45.1% effective (95% CI: 42.6, 47.5) in preventing death. Full vaccination with any of the three vaccines is estimated at 79.1% effective (95% CI: 77.7, 80.4) in preventing ICU admission and 86.7% effective (95% CI: 85.7, 87.6) in preventing deaths. Our findings suggest that full vaccination with any of the three predominant vaccines (AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac) in Malaysia has been highly effective in preventing COVID-19 infection, symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19-related ICU admission, and death.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 vaccines ; vaccine effectiveness ; cohort study ; Malaysia ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Life Expectancy for White, Black, and Hispanic Race/Ethnicity in U.S. States: Trends and Disparities, 1990 to 2019.

Annals of internal medicine

2022 Volume 175, Issue 8, Page(s) 1057–1064

Abstract: Background: Life expectancy (LE) differences within and between states by race/ethnicity have not been examined.: Objective: To estimate LE for selected race/ethnicity groups in states from 1990 to 2019.: Design: Cross-sectional time-series ... ...

Abstract	Background: Life expectancy (LE) differences within and between states by race/ethnicity have not been examined. Objective: To estimate LE for selected race/ethnicity groups in states from 1990 to 2019. Design: Cross-sectional time-series analysis. Setting: United States. Participants: Deidentified death records and Census data were used to construct regression models with smoothed time series of mortality from 1990 to 2019. Measurements: LE at birth, by sex and year, for subgroups of people reporting Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, or non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity. Results: Disparities in LE across states were 8.0 years for females and 12.2 years for males in 1990 and 7.9 years for females and 7.8 years for males in 2019. When race/ethnicity groups were accounted for, disparities across states were 20.7 years for females and 24.5 years for males in 1990, decreasing to 18.5 years for females and 23.7 years for males in 2019. Disparities across states increased within each race/ethnicity group between 1990 and 2019, with the largest increase for non-Hispanic White males and the smallest for Hispanic females. The disparity between race/ethnicity groups within states decreased for most of the 23 states with estimates for all 3 groups but increased for females in 7 states and males in 5 states. Limitation: Because of small sample size, LE was not estimated for 37 of 153 state-race/ethnicity groups. Conclusion: Disparity in LE across states was greater when race/ethnicity groups were considered. Disparities across all state-race/ethnicity groups in general have decreased over the past 3 decades. Within each race/ethnicity group, disparities across states have increased. Although racial/ethnic disparities decreased in most of the 23 states for which LE was estimated for all 3 groups, they increased for females in 7 states and males in 5 states. Primary funding source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
MeSH term(s)	Black or African American ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	336-0
ISSN	1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
ISSN (online)	1539-3704
ISSN	0003-4819
DOI	10.7326/M21-3956
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