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Article ; Online: Conceptual study of a new instrument for dynamic neutron scattering measurements-The modulated intensity with diffraction analysis spectrometer (MIDAS).

Benedetto, Antonio / Kearley, Gordon J / Faraone, Antonio

2024 Volume 95, Issue 4

Abstract: Dynamic neutron scattering probes unique nanoscale dynamics via measurement of energy exchanged between a sample and the neutrons. The two spectrometers that investigate processes with characteristic times around a nanosecond are backscattering (BS) and ... ...

Abstract	Dynamic neutron scattering probes unique nanoscale dynamics via measurement of energy exchanged between a sample and the neutrons. The two spectrometers that investigate processes with characteristic times around a nanosecond are backscattering (BS) and neutron spin-echo (NSE). We present a new method for measuring dynamics using an oscillating cosine-like energy-distribution neutron-package at the sample and measure solely the portion scattered into the elastic line. This portion corresponds to elastically scattered neutrons and, in addition, inelastic components that are scattered with a probability directly proportional to the cosine Fourier-coefficients of the exchanged-energy spectrum. The counts at the detector thus correspond to the van Hove intermediate scattering function. We denote this new method as "Fourier transform neutron scattering" (FTNS), it being broadly analogous to IR and Raman spectroscopies. Here, the realization of such a concept is investigated using an oscillating incident beam produced via a precession method and a secondary spectrometer identical to a BS instrument using crystal analyzers. The instrument is denoted "Modulated Intensity with Diffraction Analysis Spectrometer" (MIDAS). However, simpler approaches, e.g., choppers, may also be used for an FTNS instrument. The theory behind MIDAS is presented, supported by numerical calculations and in silico experiments. Finally, we present a Monte Carlo simulation to compare BS and MIDAS spectrometers. This shows that MIDAS has almost 100 times more incident flux than standard BS, but due to the better signal-to-noise ratio of BS, the final information acquisition rate gain of MIDAS is approximately a factor of 2.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/5.0193842
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Article ; Online: Neutron spin echo spectroscopy with a moving sample.

Gvaramia, Manuchar / Gutfreund, Philipp / Falus, Peter / Faraone, Antonio / Nagao, Michihiro / Wolff, Max

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 13051

Abstract: Neutron spin echo spectroscopy is a high resolution inelastic neutron scattering method probing nanosecond dynamics. It is well suited to study the atomistic motion in polymer systems and contributes to our understanding of viscoelasticity. However, for ... ...

Abstract	Neutron spin echo spectroscopy is a high resolution inelastic neutron scattering method probing nanosecond dynamics. It is well suited to study the atomistic motion in polymer systems and contributes to our understanding of viscoelasticity. However, for samples under shear, or moving samples in general, Doppler scattering has to be considered. We compare the measured phase shift and depolarisation due to Doppler scattering from a rotating graphite disk to numerical and analytical calculations and find excellent agreement. This allows to take into account Doppler scattering during the data processing and makes longer Fourier times as well as higher shear rates and Q ranges possible with neutron spin echo spectroscopy, enabling for example the study of polymers under high shear.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-39854-4
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Article ; Online: Dynamics of the extended and intermediate range order in model polymer electrolyte poly(ethylene oxide) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide

Peter Falus / Antonio Faraone / Stephan Förster / Kunlun Hong / Michael Ohl

Frontiers in Soft Matter, Vol

2023 Volume 3

Abstract: The dynamics of lithium ions and polymer chains were investigated at the molecular scale in the model polymer electrolyte Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as a function of temperature. This system is known to present ...

Abstract	The dynamics of lithium ions and polymer chains were investigated at the molecular scale in the model polymer electrolyte Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as a function of temperature. This system is known to present an intermediate range order from the arrangement of neighboring chain segments as well as an extended range order of cylindrically arranged chains. The collective dynamics of the systems at lengthscales matching these structural features was measured using Neutron Spin Echo spectroscopy, gaining insights into their lifetime. Moreover, using isotope substitution techniques the dynamics of the lithium ions with respect to the other atoms was probed. The obtained results are compared with the conductivity and the lithium self-diffusion coefficient measured by NMR to gain experimental insight on the molecular processes triggering lithium transport.
Keywords	solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) ; lithium ion batteries ; neutron spin echo ; intermediate range order (IRO) ; extended range order (ERO) ; polymer dynamics ; Chemistry ; QD1-999 ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920 ; Polymers and polymer manufacture ; TP1080-1185
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sudden Visual Loss due to Arteritic Anterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy: A Rare Manifestation of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.

Faraone, Antonio / Fortini, Alberto / Borgioli, Vanni / Cappugi, Chiara / Lo Forte, Aldo / Bottaro, Valeria Maria / Vaglio, Augusto

European journal of case reports in internal medicine

2024 Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) 4345

Abstract: Background: eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by asthma, eosinophilia and granulomatous or vasculitic involvement of various organs. While the eye is uncommonly affected in ... ...

Abstract	Background: eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by asthma, eosinophilia and granulomatous or vasculitic involvement of various organs. While the eye is uncommonly affected in patients with EGPA, multiple ophthalmic manifestations have been reported, which can result in serious visual impairment without timely treatment. Case report: we report the case of a 79-year-old woman with a history of asthma and nasal polyps who presented with low-grade fever, mild alteration of mental status, and fatigue. Chest X-ray revealed bilateral interstitial infiltrates. Lab tests showed elevated C-reactive protein level and eosinophilia (eosinophil count, 4.6 x10 Conclusions: A-AION is an infrequent but severe manifestation of EGPA, requiring prompt diagnosis and emergency-level glucocorticoid therapy to prevent any further vision loss. Disease awareness and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial to expedite diagnostic work-up and effective management of EGPA-related ocular complications. Learning points: Arteritic ischaemic optical neuropathy is a potential cause of sudden and severe visual loss in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) patients.Visual loss due to arteritic ischaemic optical neuropathy is rarely reversible; however, a timely glucocorticoid treatment may prevent further progression of visual impairment.Multidisciplinary approach is crucial to expedite diagnostic work-up and effective management of EGPA patients with ocular complications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2284-2594
ISSN (online)	2284-2594
DOI	10.12890/2024_004345
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Article ; Online: Stiffening Effect of the [Bmim][Cl] Ionic Liquid on the Bending Dynamics of DMPC Lipid Vesicles.

Kumari, Pallavi / Faraone, Antonio / Kelley, Elizabeth G / Benedetto, Antonio

The journal of physical chemistry. B

2021 Volume 125, Issue 26, Page(s) 7241–7250

Abstract: The elastic properties of the cellular lipid membrane play a crucial role for life. Their alteration can lead to cell malfunction, and in turn, being able to control them holds the promise of effective therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. In this ... ...

Abstract	The elastic properties of the cellular lipid membrane play a crucial role for life. Their alteration can lead to cell malfunction, and in turn, being able to control them holds the promise of effective therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. In this context, due to their proven strong interaction with lipid bilayers, ionic liquids (ILs)-a vast class of organic electrolytes-may play an important role. This work focuses on the effect of the model imidazolium-IL [bmim][Cl] on the bending modulus of DMPC lipid vesicles, a basic model of cellular lipid membranes. Here, by combining small-angle neutron scattering and neutron spin-echo spectroscopy, we show that the IL, dispersed at low concentrations at the bilayer-water interface, (i) diffuses into the lipid region, accounting for five IL-cations for every 11 lipids, and (ii) causes an increase of the lipid bilayer bending modulus, up to 60% compared to the neat lipid bilayer at 40 °C.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Membrane ; Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine ; Ionic Liquids ; Lipid Bilayers ; Scattering, Small Angle
Chemical Substances	Ionic Liquids ; Lipid Bilayers ; Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (U86ZGC74V5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ISSN	1520-5207
ISSN (online)	1520-5207
DOI	10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01347
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Article: Dynamics of Water and Other Molecular Liquids Confined Within Voids and on Surface of Lignin Aggregates in Aging Bio Crude Oils.

Bonini, Massimo / Fratini, Emiliano / Faraone, Antonio

Frontiers in chemistry

2021 Volume 9, Page(s) 753958

Abstract: Neutron scattering methods were employed to study the microscopic structure and dynamics of Bio Crude Oils (BCOs) and their lignin fractions. The structure of the carbonaceous aggregates was investigated using Small Angle Neutron Scattering to reveal a ... ...

Abstract	Neutron scattering methods were employed to study the microscopic structure and dynamics of Bio Crude Oils (BCOs) and their lignin fractions. The structure of the carbonaceous aggregates was investigated using Small Angle Neutron Scattering to reveal a fractal hierarchy as well as a growth of the aggregates as the aging of the BCO proceeds. Elastic Neutron Scattering measurements indicate that BCO liquid phase, comprised of water and other hydrogenated molecular liquids, is in a state of extreme confinement. Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering yields information on the molecular motions, indicating that long range translational diffusion is suppressed and only localized dynamics take place on the tens of picosecond time range. The obtained results provide quantitative information on the molecular activity, as aging proceed, in these reactive materials of relevance as potential renewable energy sources.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711776-5
ISSN	2296-2646
ISSN	2296-2646
DOI	10.3389/fchem.2021.753958
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Article ; Online: Admission Braden Scale Score as an Early Independent Predictor of In-Hospital Mortality Among Inpatients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Lovicu, Elena / Faraone, Antonio / Fortini, Alberto

Worldviews on evidence-based nursing

2021 Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 247–253

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on health systems. Predictors of adverse outcomes need to be investigated to properly manage COVID-19 patients. The Braden Scale (BS), commonly used for the assessment of pressure ulcer risk, has ... ...

Abstract	Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on health systems. Predictors of adverse outcomes need to be investigated to properly manage COVID-19 patients. The Braden Scale (BS), commonly used for the assessment of pressure ulcer risk, has recently been proposed to identify frailty. Objective: To investigate the predictive utility of the BS for prediction of in-hospital mortality in a cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted to non-ICU wards. Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center cohort study evaluating all patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection consecutively admitted over a 2-month period (from March 6 to May 7, 2020) to the COVID-19 general wards of our institution. Demographic, clinical, and nursing assessment data, including admission BS, were extracted from electronic medical records. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the association between the BS score and in-hospital death. Results: Braden Scale was assessed in 146 patients (mean age 74.7 years; 52% males). On admission, 46 had a BS ≤ 15, and 100 patients had a BS > 15. Mortality among patients with BS ≤ 15 was significantly higher than in patients with BS > 15 (45.7% vs. 16%; p < .001). On multivariable regression analysis, adjusting for potentials confounders (age, Barthel scale, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, and hypertension), the admission BS remained inversely associated with the risk of in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.76; 95% CI [0.60, 0.96]; p = .020). Linking evidence to action: Admission BS could be used as a simple bedside predictive tool able to early identify non-ICU COVID-19 patients with poor prognosis who might benefit from specific and timely interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2401967-7
ISSN	1741-6787 ; 1545-102X
ISSN (online)	1741-6787
ISSN	1545-102X
DOI	10.1111/wvn.12526
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Article ; Online: Efficacy of Amphetamine Extended-Release Oral Suspension in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Effect Size Across the Day.

Faraone, Stephen V / Childress, Ann C / Gomeni, Roberto / Rafla, Eman / Kando, Judith C / Dansie, Lori / Naik, Payal / Pardo, Antonio

Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology

2023 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 14–19

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Amphetamine ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Delayed-Action Preparations/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Double-Blind Method ; Suspensions ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Chemical Substances	Amphetamine (CK833KGX7E) ; Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Suspensions
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1055410-5
ISSN	1557-8992 ; 1044-5463
ISSN (online)	1557-8992
ISSN	1044-5463
DOI	10.1089/cap.2022.0093
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Article ; Online: Dynamics of Water and Other Molecular Liquids Confined Within Voids and on Surface of Lignin Aggregates in Aging Bio Crude Oils

Massimo Bonini / Emiliano Fratini / Antonio Faraone

Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol

2021 Volume 9

Abstract	Neutron scattering methods were employed to study the microscopic structure and dynamics of Bio Crude Oils (BCOs) and their lignin fractions. The structure of the carbonaceous aggregates was investigated using Small Angle Neutron Scattering to reveal a fractal hierarchy as well as a growth of the aggregates as the aging of the BCO proceeds. Elastic Neutron Scattering measurements indicate that BCO liquid phase, comprised of water and other hydrogenated molecular liquids, is in a state of extreme confinement. Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering yields information on the molecular motions, indicating that long range translational diffusion is suppressed and only localized dynamics take place on the tens of picosecond time range. The obtained results provide quantitative information on the molecular activity, as aging proceed, in these reactive materials of relevance as potential renewable energy sources.
Keywords	pyrolysis oil ; lignin aggregation ; neutron scattering ; water dynamics ; confined water ; lignin dynamics ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	541
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: An elderly woman with ulceronodular rash.

Faraone, Antonio / Fortini, Alberto

European journal of internal medicine

2017 Volume 44, Page(s) e3–e4

MeSH term(s)	Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemagglutination Tests ; Humans ; Skin Ulcer/immunology ; Skin Ulcer/pathology ; Syphilis, Cutaneous/drug therapy ; Syphilis, Cutaneous/immunology ; Syphilis, Cutaneous/pathology ; Treponema pallidum/immunology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038679-8
ISSN	1879-0828 ; 0953-6205
ISSN (online)	1879-0828
ISSN	0953-6205
DOI	10.1016/j.ejim.2017.02.017
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