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  1. Article ; Online: Experiences of Rural and Metropolitan Background Applicants in Preparing for and Completing a Regionally Focused Multiple Mini-interview for Admission into a Regional Medical Program.

    Fox, Jordan L / Batacan, Romeo / Saluja, Sonia / Pullen, Candice / McGrail, Matthew

    Education for health (Abingdon, England)

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 116–122

    Abstract: Background: To better target rural background and rurally interested applicants during medical school admission, it is increasingly common for rural medical programs to include multiple mini-interview (MMI) scenarios designed to screen for rural ... ...

    Abstract Background: To better target rural background and rurally interested applicants during medical school admission, it is increasingly common for rural medical programs to include multiple mini-interview (MMI) scenarios designed to screen for rural interest. It remains unclear whether the inclusion of regionally/rurally focused MMI scenarios positively impacts the selection of rural background applicants and evidence is limited regarding why rural background applicants may perform worse on the MMI. Therefore, this study explored how rural and metropolitan applicants prepare for and perceive the MMI for admission to a regional medical pathway.
    Methods: A mixed-methods survey was sent to provisional entry regional pathway medical school applicants who had completed an MMI. The survey was distributed before any offers of admission had been released.
    Results: Rural applicants spent less time and money preparing for the MMI and felt less prepared (P < 0.05). However, time and money spent, and resources used to prepare were not associated with feeling more prepared (all P > 0.05). Respondents mostly felt that the MMI process aligned with their expectations (83%), is fair (64%), and helps a rural program select the most suitable applicants (61%). Rural applicants generally felt that they had an advantage over other applicants (61%) while most metropolitan applicants did not (23%; P = 0.002).
    Discussion: Applicants to a regional medical pathway are generally supportive of the MMI process. It appears valuable for applicants to prepare for the MMI by understanding the format and requirements; however, investing substantial time and money does not underpin feeling better prepared. MMI scenarios which include a regional focus are perceived to advantage rural applicants.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; School Admission Criteria ; Regional Medical Programs ; Schools, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-22
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1318454-4
    ISSN 1469-5804 ; 1357-6283
    ISSN (online) 1469-5804
    ISSN 1357-6283
    DOI 10.4103/efh.efh_190_23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonism by Crassostrea gigas oyster extract inhibits noradrenaline-induced vascular contraction in Wistar rats.

    Connolly, Kylie / Jackson, Douglas / Pullen, Candice / Fenning, Andrew

    Journal of integrative medicine

    2015  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 194–200

    Abstract: Objective: Crassostrea gigas oyster extract has been reported to have antioxidant, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering properties that may be useful for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of C. gigas oyster extract ...

    Abstract Objective: Crassostrea gigas oyster extract has been reported to have antioxidant, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering properties that may be useful for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of C. gigas oyster extract on cardiovascular function in tissues from healthy rats.
    Methods: Single-cell microelectrode and isolated thoracic aortic organ bath studies were performed on tissues from 8-week-old healthy Wistar rats, using varying concentrations of C. gigas oyster extract. To elucidate a mechanism of action for the oyster's vasoactive properties, concentration response curves were carried out in the presence of a calcium channel inhibitior (verapamil), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), a potassium channel inhibitor (4-aminopyridine), in addition to the α-adrenoceptor inhibitor prazosin.
    Results: Oyster solution at 7 500 mg/mL inhibited noradrenaline-induced contraction in isolated aortic rings. Cardiac electrophysiology results showed that neither concentration of oyster solution was able to significantly reduce action potential duration at all phases of repolarisation in left ventricular papillary muscles from healthy animals.
    Conclusion: When administered to healthy vascular tissue, C. gigas oyster extract inhibits contraction induced by noradrenaline. This effect is likely to be mediated through α-adrenoceptor inhibition, and to a lesser extent, calcium modulating activity.
    MeSH term(s) Action Potentials/drug effects ; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects ; Aorta, Thoracic/physiology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Crassostrea ; Heart/drug effects ; Heart/physiology ; Male ; Norepinephrine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vasoconstriction/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Norepinephrine (X4W3ENH1CV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2705612-0
    ISSN 2095-4964
    ISSN 2095-4964
    DOI 10.1016/S2095-4964(15)60167-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Effects of resveratrol and nebivolol on isolated vascular and cardiac tissues from young rats.

    Pullen, Candice / Coulson, Fiona R / Fenning, Andrew

    Advances in pharmacological sciences

    2014  Volume 2014, Page(s) 720386

    Abstract: The mechanisms by which resveratrol and nebivolol induce vasodilation are not clearly understood. It has been postulated that both agents stimulate the production of nitric oxide; however, this remains to be conclusively established. The major aim of ... ...

    Abstract The mechanisms by which resveratrol and nebivolol induce vasodilation are not clearly understood. It has been postulated that both agents stimulate the production of nitric oxide; however, this remains to be conclusively established. The major aim of this study was to examine the vasodilatory and antiarrhythmic effects of both resveratrol and nebivolol and to provide further insight into possible mechanisms of action. Cardiac and vascular tissues were isolated from healthy male rodents. Results indicate that resveratrol and nebivolol decrease the action potential duration and induce mild vasorelaxation in aortic and mesenteric segments. Relaxation induced by resveratrol was prevented by the addition of verapamil, N ω -nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, and 4-aminopyridine. This suggests that nebivolol and resveratrol act as putative antiarrhythmic and vasodilatory agents in vitro through possible indirect nitric oxide mechanisms.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2397786-3
    ISSN 1687-6342 ; 1687-6334
    ISSN (online) 1687-6342
    ISSN 1687-6334
    DOI 10.1155/2014/720386
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of Resveratrol and Nebivolol on Isolated Vascular and Cardiac Tissues from Young Rats

    Candice Pullen / Fiona R. Coulson / Andrew Fenning

    Advances in Pharmacological Sciences, Vol

    2014  Volume 2014

    Abstract: The mechanisms by which resveratrol and nebivolol induce vasodilation are not clearly understood. It has been postulated that both agents stimulate the production of nitric oxide; however, this remains to be conclusively established. The major aim of ... ...

    Abstract The mechanisms by which resveratrol and nebivolol induce vasodilation are not clearly understood. It has been postulated that both agents stimulate the production of nitric oxide; however, this remains to be conclusively established. The major aim of this study was to examine the vasodilatory and antiarrhythmic effects of both resveratrol and nebivolol and to provide further insight into possible mechanisms of action. Cardiac and vascular tissues were isolated from healthy male rodents. Results indicate that resveratrol and nebivolol decrease the action potential duration and induce mild vasorelaxation in aortic and mesenteric segments. Relaxation induced by resveratrol was prevented by the addition of verapamil, Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, and 4-aminopyridine. This suggests that nebivolol and resveratrol act as putative antiarrhythmic and vasodilatory agents in vitro through possible indirect nitric oxide mechanisms.
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Resveratrol prevents cardiovascular complications in the SHR/STZ rat by reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation.

    Vella, Rebecca K / Pullen, Candice / Coulson, Fiona R / Fenning, Andrew S

    BioMed research international

    2015  Volume 2015, Page(s) 918123

    Abstract: The cardioprotective effects of resveratrol are well established in animal models of metabolic disease but are yet to be investigated in a combined model of hypertension and diabetes. This study investigated the ability of resveratrol's antioxidant and ... ...

    Abstract The cardioprotective effects of resveratrol are well established in animal models of metabolic disease but are yet to be investigated in a combined model of hypertension and diabetes. This study investigated the ability of resveratrol's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to prevent cardiovascular complications in the spontaneously hypertensive streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Diabetes was induced in eight-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats via a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Following this, resveratrol was administered orally for an eight-week period until the animals were sixteen weeks of age. Upon completion of the treatment regime assessments of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and cardiovascular function were made. Resveratrol administration to hypertensive-diabetic animals did not impact upon blood glucose or haemodynamics but significantly reduced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines. Reductions in systemic levels of oxidative stress and inflammation conferred improvements in vascular reactivity and left ventricular pump function and electrophysiology. This study demonstrates that resveratrol administration to hypertensive diabetic animals can elicit cardioprotective properties via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The observed preservation of cardiovascular function was independent of changes in blood glucose concentration and haemodynamics, suggesting that oxidative stress and inflammation are key components within the pathological cascade associated with hypertension and diabetes.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Vessels/drug effects ; Blood Vessels/pathology ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology ; Drinking ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inflammation/complications ; Inflammation/pathology ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitroprusside/pharmacology ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Stilbenes/administration & dosage ; Stilbenes/pharmacology ; Stilbenes/therapeutic use ; Streptozocin ; Ventricular Function/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Stilbenes ; Nitroprusside (169D1260KM) ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Streptozocin (5W494URQ81) ; Acetylcholine (N9YNS0M02X) ; resveratrol (Q369O8926L) ; Norepinephrine (X4W3ENH1CV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2698540-8
    ISSN 2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
    ISSN (online) 2314-6141
    ISSN 2314-6133
    DOI 10.1155/2015/918123
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Resveratrol Prevents Cardiovascular Complications in the SHR/STZ Rat by Reductions in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

    Rebecca K. Vella / Candice Pullen / Fiona R. Coulson / Andrew S. Fenning

    BioMed Research International, Vol

    2015  Volume 2015

    Abstract: The cardioprotective effects of resveratrol are well established in animal models of metabolic disease but are yet to be investigated in a combined model of hypertension and diabetes. This study investigated the ability of resveratrol’s antioxidant and ... ...

    Abstract The cardioprotective effects of resveratrol are well established in animal models of metabolic disease but are yet to be investigated in a combined model of hypertension and diabetes. This study investigated the ability of resveratrol’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to prevent cardiovascular complications in the spontaneously hypertensive streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Diabetes was induced in eight-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats via a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Following this, resveratrol was administered orally for an eight-week period until the animals were sixteen weeks of age. Upon completion of the treatment regime assessments of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and cardiovascular function were made. Resveratrol administration to hypertensive-diabetic animals did not impact upon blood glucose or haemodynamics but significantly reduced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines. Reductions in systemic levels of oxidative stress and inflammation conferred improvements in vascular reactivity and left ventricular pump function and electrophysiology. This study demonstrates that resveratrol administration to hypertensive diabetic animals can elicit cardioprotective properties via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The observed preservation of cardiovascular function was independent of changes in blood glucose concentration and haemodynamics, suggesting that oxidative stress and inflammation are key components within the pathological cascade associated with hypertension and diabetes.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Book ; Online: Technoliteracy, discourse, and social practice

    Baguley, Margaret / Gitsaki, Christina / Pullen, Darren L

    frameworks and applications in the digital age

    2010  

    Abstract: ... to enhance learning"--Providedmpleme by publisher ...

    Institution IGI Global
    Author's details [edited by] Darren Lee Pullen, Christina Gitsaki, Margaret Baguley
    Abstract "This book provides a unique and important insight into the diverse approaches to, and implementation of, technoliteracy in different contexts, presenting the significance and value of preparing students, educators and those responsible for information technology to use IT effectively and ethically to enhance learning"--Provided by publisher

    1. An overview of technology in society / Amanda Walker, Bridgette Huddlestone, Darren Pullen -- 2. Designs of meaning / Donna Mahar -- 3. Hybrid identity design online / Candance Doerr-Stevens -- 4. Unpacking social inequalities / Laurie Henry -- 5. Information technology / Thao Lê, Quynh Lê -- 6. CALL course design for second language learning / Abbad Alabbad, Christina Gitsaki, Peter White -- 7. ICT in Malay language learning / Abduyah Ya'akub, Christina Gitsaki, Eileen Honan -- 8. A snapshot view of how senior visual arts students encounter and engage with technology in their arts practice / Martin Kerby, Margaret Baguley -- 9. The bard and the Web / Anita Jetnikoff -- 10. Developing literate practices in design and technology education / Mike Brown -- 11. Multimedia, oral history, and teacher education / Jenifer Schneider ... [et al.] -- 12. The hidden literacies of massively multiplayer online games / P. Schrader, K. Lawless -- 13. Multiliteracies and games / Pam Wright, David Skidmore -- 14. Learning from computer games / Robyn Henderson
    Keywords Computers and literacy ; Educational technology ; Technological literacy
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (electronic texts (xx, 290 p. : ill.)), digital files
    Publisher IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA)
    Publishing place Hershey, Pa
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note IMD-Felder maschinell generiert ; Includes bibliographical references ; Restricted to subscribers or individual electronic text purchasers
    ISBN 1605668427 ; 1605668435 ; 9781605668420 ; 9781605668437 ; 9781616924348 ; 1616924349
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  8. Article ; Online: Structural analysis of health-relevant policy-making information exchange networks in Canada.

    Contandriopoulos, Damien / Benoît, François / Bryant-Lukosius, Denise / Carrier, Annie / Carter, Nancy / Deber, Raisa / Duhoux, Arnaud / Greenhalgh, Trisha / Larouche, Catherine / Leclerc, Bernard-Simon / Levy, Adrian / Martin-Misener, Ruth / Maximova, Katerina / McGrail, Kimberlyn / Nykiforuk, Candace / Roos, Noralou / Schwartz, Robert / Valente, Thomas W / Wong, Sabrina /
    Lindquist, Evert / Pullen, Carolyn / Lardeux, Anne / Perroux, Melanie

    Implementation science : IS

    2017  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 116

    Abstract: Background: Health systems worldwide struggle to identify, adopt, and implement in a timely and system-wide manner the best-evidence-informed-policy-level practices. Yet, there is still only limited evidence about individual and institutional best ... ...

    Abstract Background: Health systems worldwide struggle to identify, adopt, and implement in a timely and system-wide manner the best-evidence-informed-policy-level practices. Yet, there is still only limited evidence about individual and institutional best practices for fostering the use of scientific evidence in policy-making processes The present project is the first national-level attempt to (1) map and structurally analyze-quantitatively-health-relevant policy-making networks that connect evidence production, synthesis, interpretation, and use; (2) qualitatively investigate the interaction patterns of a subsample of actors with high centrality metrics within these networks to develop an in-depth understanding of evidence circulation processes; and (3) combine these findings in order to assess a policy network's "absorptive capacity" regarding scientific evidence and integrate them into a conceptually sound and empirically grounded framework.
    Methods: The project is divided into two research components. The first component is based on quantitative analysis of ties (relationships) that link nodes (participants) in a network. Network data will be collected through a multi-step snowball sampling strategy. Data will be analyzed structurally using social network mapping and analysis methods. The second component is based on qualitative interviews with a subsample of the Web survey participants having central, bridging, or atypical positions in the network. Interviews will focus on the process through which evidence circulates and enters practice. Results from both components will then be integrated through an assessment of the network's and subnetwork's effectiveness in identifying, capturing, interpreting, sharing, reframing, and recodifying scientific evidence in policy-making processes.
    Discussion: Knowledge developed from this project has the potential both to strengthen the scientific understanding of how policy-level knowledge transfer and exchange functions and to provide significantly improved advice on how to ensure evidence plays a more prominent role in public policies.
    MeSH term(s) Canada ; Health Information Exchange ; Health Plan Implementation/methods ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Policy Making
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1748-5908
    ISSN (online) 1748-5908
    DOI 10.1186/s13012-017-0642-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Structural analysis of health-relevant policy-making information exchange networks in Canada

    Damien Contandriopoulos / François Benoît / Denise Bryant-Lukosius / Annie Carrier / Nancy Carter / Raisa Deber / Arnaud Duhoux / Trisha Greenhalgh / Catherine Larouche / Bernard-Simon Leclerc / Adrian Levy / Ruth Martin-Misener / Katerina Maximova / Kimberlyn McGrail / Candace Nykiforuk / Noralou Roos / Robert Schwartz / Thomas W. Valente / Sabrina Wong /
    Evert Lindquist / Carolyn Pullen / Anne Lardeux / Melanie Perroux

    Implementation Science, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2017  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Background Health systems worldwide struggle to identify, adopt, and implement in a timely and system-wide manner the best—evidence-informed—policy-level practices. Yet, there is still only limited evidence about individual and institutional ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Health systems worldwide struggle to identify, adopt, and implement in a timely and system-wide manner the best—evidence-informed—policy-level practices. Yet, there is still only limited evidence about individual and institutional best practices for fostering the use of scientific evidence in policy-making processes The present project is the first national-level attempt to (1) map and structurally analyze—quantitatively—health-relevant policy-making networks that connect evidence production, synthesis, interpretation, and use; (2) qualitatively investigate the interaction patterns of a subsample of actors with high centrality metrics within these networks to develop an in-depth understanding of evidence circulation processes; and (3) combine these findings in order to assess a policy network’s “absorptive capacity” regarding scientific evidence and integrate them into a conceptually sound and empirically grounded framework. Methods The project is divided into two research components. The first component is based on quantitative analysis of ties (relationships) that link nodes (participants) in a network. Network data will be collected through a multi-step snowball sampling strategy. Data will be analyzed structurally using social network mapping and analysis methods. The second component is based on qualitative interviews with a subsample of the Web survey participants having central, bridging, or atypical positions in the network. Interviews will focus on the process through which evidence circulates and enters practice. Results from both components will then be integrated through an assessment of the network’s and subnetwork’s effectiveness in identifying, capturing, interpreting, sharing, reframing, and recodifying scientific evidence in policy-making processes. Discussion Knowledge developed from this project has the potential both to strengthen the scientific understanding of how policy-level knowledge transfer and exchange functions and to provide significantly improved advice on how ...
    Keywords Health-relevant policies ; Heath policy ; Knowledge exchange ; Policy-making ; Social network analysis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Gallium-67 as a potential marker for aluminium transport in rat brain: implications for Alzheimer's disease.

    Pullen, R G / Candy, J M / Morris, C M / Taylor, G / Keith, A B / Edwardson, J A

    Journal of neurochemistry

    1990  Volume 55, Issue 1, Page(s) 251–259

    Abstract: Evidence of a link between aluminium and Alzheimer's disease, parkinsonism-dementia of Guam, and dialysis encephalopathy raises questions regarding the role of this element in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Therefore, we have investigated the use ... ...

    Abstract Evidence of a link between aluminium and Alzheimer's disease, parkinsonism-dementia of Guam, and dialysis encephalopathy raises questions regarding the role of this element in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Therefore, we have investigated the use of gallium-67 (67Ga) as a marker for brain uptake of aluminium. The binding of 67Ga to plasma proteins has been studied, and the blood-brain barrier permeability and autoradiographic distribution of this isotope in rat brain determined in vivo. The autoradiographic distribution of 125I-Fe-transferrin receptors in rat brain has also been determined in vitro. Results show that 67Ga was bound to plasma transferrin, entered the brain with a blood-brain barrier permeability of 2.48 x 10(-6) ml/min/g, and showed a marked regional distribution that was very similar to that of 125I-Fe-transferrin receptors. Our data suggest that the vulnerability of the hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebral cortex in conditions such as those mentioned above may be partly due to an increased uptake and deposition of aluminium in these regions by the iron transport system.
    MeSH term(s) Aluminum/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Animals ; Autoradiography ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/metabolism ; Capillary Permeability ; Gallium/blood ; Gallium/metabolism ; Gallium Radioisotopes ; Male ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Tissue Distribution ; Transferrin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Gallium Radioisotopes ; Proteins ; Transferrin ; Gallium (CH46OC8YV4) ; Aluminum (CPD4NFA903)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80158-6
    ISSN 1471-4159 ; 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    ISSN (online) 1471-4159
    ISSN 0022-3042 ; 1474-1644
    DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb08846.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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