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Article ; Online: In vitro Assessment of Efferocytic Capacity of Human Macrophages Using Flow Cytometry.

Salina, Ana C G / Fortes-Rocha, Marlon / Cunha, Larissa D

2023 Volume 13, Issue 24, Page(s) e4903

Abstract: Clearance of dying cells, named efferocytosis, is a pivotal function of professional phagocytes that impedes the accumulation of cell debris. Efferocytosis can be experimentally assessed by differentially tagging the target cells and professional ... ...

Abstract	Clearance of dying cells, named efferocytosis, is a pivotal function of professional phagocytes that impedes the accumulation of cell debris. Efferocytosis can be experimentally assessed by differentially tagging the target cells and professional phagocytes and analyzing by cell imaging or flow cytometry. Here, we describe an assay to evaluate the uptake of apoptotic cells (ACs) by human macrophages in vitro by labeling the different cells with commercially available dyes and analysis by flow cytometry. We detail the methods to prepare and label human macrophages and apoptotic lymphocytes and the in vitro approach to determine AC uptake. This protocol is based on previously published literature and allows for in vitro modeling of the efficiency of AC engulfment during continual efferocytosis process. Also, it can be modified to evaluate the clearance of different cell types by diverse professional phagocytes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2833269-6
ISSN	2331-8325 ; 2331-8325
ISSN (online)	2331-8325
ISSN	2331-8325
DOI	10.21769/BioProtoc.4903
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Pneumonia treatment by photodynamic therapy with extracorporeal illumination - an experimental model.

Geralde, Mariana C / Leite, Ilaiáli S / Inada, Natalia M / Salina, Ana Carolina G / Medeiros, Alexandra I / Kuebler, Wolfgang M / Kurachi, Cristina / Bagnato, Vanderlei S

Physiological reports

2017 Volume 5, Issue 5

Abstract: Infectious pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity/mortality, mainly because of the increasing rate of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is emerging as a promising approach, as effects are based on oxidative stress, ... ...

Abstract	Infectious pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity/mortality, mainly because of the increasing rate of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is emerging as a promising approach, as effects are based on oxidative stress, preventing microorganism resistance. In two previous studies, the in vitro inactivation of
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Indocyanine Green/pharmacology ; Mice ; Photochemotherapy/methods ; Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology ; Phototherapy/methods ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/therapy ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Photosensitizing Agents ; Indocyanine Green (IX6J1063HV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2724325-4
ISSN	2051-817X ; 2051-817X
ISSN (online)	2051-817X
ISSN	2051-817X
DOI	10.14814/phy2.13190
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Near-infrared photodynamic inactivation of S. pneumoniae and its interaction with RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Leite, Ilaiáli S / Geralde, Mariana C / Salina, Ana C G / Medeiros, Alexandra I / Dovigo, Lívia N / Bagnato, Vanderlei S / Inada, Natalia M

Journal of biophotonics

2017 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: Pneumonia is the main cause of children mortality worldwide, and its major treatment obstacle stems from the microorganisms increasing development of resistance to several antibiotics. Photodynamic therapy has been presenting, for the last decades, ... ...

Abstract	Pneumonia is the main cause of children mortality worldwide, and its major treatment obstacle stems from the microorganisms increasing development of resistance to several antibiotics. Photodynamic therapy has been presenting, for the last decades, promising results for some subtypes of cancer and infections. In this work we aimed to develop a safe and efficient in vitro protocol for photodynamic inactivation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the most commonly found bacteria in pneumonia cases, using two near-infrared light sources and indocyanine green, a FDA approved dye. Photodynamic inactivation experiments with bacteria alone allowed to determine the best parameters for microbial inactivation. Cytotoxicity assays with RAW 264.7 macrophages evaluated the safety of the PDI. To determine if the photodynamic inactivation had a positive or negative effect on the natural killing action of macrophages, we selected and tested fewer indocyanine green concentrations and 10 J/cm
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coculture Techniques ; Indocyanine Green/pharmacology ; Infrared Rays ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Macrophages/radiation effects ; Mice ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Microbial Viability/radiation effects ; Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/physiology ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/radiation effects
Chemical Substances	Photosensitizing Agents ; Indocyanine Green (IX6J1063HV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2390063-5
ISSN	1864-0648 ; 1864-063X
ISSN (online)	1864-0648
ISSN	1864-063X
DOI	10.1002/jbio.201600283
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected dying cells impairs macrophage anti-inflammatory functions and clearance of apoptotic cells.

Salina, Ana C G / Dos-Santos, Douglas / Rodrigues, Tamara S / Fortes-Rocha, Marlon / Freitas-Filho, Edismauro G / Alzamora-Terrel, Daniel L / Castro, Icaro M S / Fraga da Silva, Thais F C / de Lima, Mikhael H F / Nascimento, Daniele C / Silva, Camila M / Toller-Kawahisa, Juliana E / Becerra, Amanda / Oliveira, Samuel / Caetité, Diego B / Almeida, Leticia / Ishimoto, Adriene Y / Lima, Thais M / Martins, Ronaldo B /

Veras, Flavio / do Amaral, Natália B / Giannini, Marcela C / Bonjorno, Letícia P / Lopes, Maria I F / Benatti, Maira N / Batah, Sabrina S / Santana, Rodrigo C / Vilar, Fernando C / Martins, Maria A / Assad, Rodrigo L / de Almeida, Sergio C L / de Oliveira, Fabiola R / Arruda Neto, Eurico / Cunha, Thiago M / Alves-Filho, José C / Bonato, Vania L D / Cunha, Fernando Q / Fabro, Alexandre T / Nakaya, Helder I / Zamboni, Dario S / Louzada-Junior, Paulo / Oliveira, Rene D R / Cunha, Larissa D

eLife

2022 Volume 11

Abstract: COVID-19 is a disease of dysfunctional immune responses, but the mechanisms triggering immunopathogenesis are not established. The functional plasticity of macrophages allows this cell type to promote pathogen elimination and inflammation or suppress ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 is a disease of dysfunctional immune responses, but the mechanisms triggering immunopathogenesis are not established. The functional plasticity of macrophages allows this cell type to promote pathogen elimination and inflammation or suppress inflammation and promote tissue remodeling and injury repair. During an infection, the clearance of dead and dying cells, a process named efferocytosis, can modulate the interplay between these contrasting functions. Here, we show that engulfment of SARS-CoV-2-infected apoptotic cells exacerbates inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits the expression of efferocytic receptors, and impairs continual efferocytosis by macrophages. We also provide evidence supporting that lung monocytes and macrophages from severe COVID-19 patients have compromised efferocytic capacity. Our findings reveal that dysfunctional efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected cell corpses suppresses macrophage anti-inflammation and efficient tissue repair programs and provides mechanistic insights for the excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and accumulation of tissue damage associated with COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Phagocytosis ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.74443
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Targeting C5aR1 signaling reduced neutrophil extracellular traps and ameliorates COVID-19 pathology

Silva, Bruna M. / Veras, Flavio Protasio / Gomes, Giovanni / Cambier, Seppe / Silva, Gabriel / Quadros, Andreza / Caetite, Diego / Nascimento, Daniele / Silva, Camila / Silva, Juliana / Damasceno, Samara / Schneider, Ayda / Beretta, Fabio / Batah, Sabrina / Castro, Icaro / Paiva, Isadora / Rodrigues, Tamara / Salina, Ana C G / Martins, Ronaldo /

bioRxiv

Abstract: Patients with severe COVID-19 develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that may progress to cytokine storm syndrome, organ dysfunction, and death. Considering that complement component 5a (C5a), through its cellular receptor C5aR1, has potent ... ...

Abstract	Patients with severe COVID-19 develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that may progress to cytokine storm syndrome, organ dysfunction, and death. Considering that complement component 5a (C5a), through its cellular receptor C5aR1, has potent proinflammatory actions, and plays immunopathological roles in inflammatory diseases, we investigated whether C5a/C5aR1 pathway could be involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology. C5a/C5aR1 signaling increased locally in the lung, especially in neutrophils of critically ill COVID-19 patients compared to patients with influenza infection, as well as in the lung tissue of K18-hACE2 Tg mice (Tg mice) infected with SARS-CoV-2. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of C5aR1 signaling ameliorated lung immunopathology in Tg-infected mice. Mechanistically, we found that C5aR1 signaling drives neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)s-dependent immunopathology. These data confirm the immunopathological role of C5a/C5aR1 signaling in COVID-19 and indicate that antagonist of C5aR1 could be useful for COVID-19 treatment. Keywords: COVID-19, C5aR1, C5a, SARS-CoV-2, Myeloid cells, Neutrophils, NETs
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-05
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2022.07.03.498624
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected dying cells impairs macrophage anti-inflammatory functions and clearance of apoptotic cells

Ana CG Salina / Douglas dos-Santos / Tamara S Rodrigues / Marlon Fortes-Rocha / Edismauro G Freitas-Filho / Daniel L Alzamora-Terrel / Icaro MS Castro / Thais FC Fraga da Silva / Mikhael HF de Lima / Daniele C Nascimento / Camila M Silva / Juliana E Toller-Kawahisa / Amanda Becerra / Samuel Oliveira / Diego B Caetité / Leticia Almeida / Adriene Y Ishimoto / Thais M Lima / Ronaldo B Martins /

Flavio Veras / Natália B do Amaral / Marcela C Giannini / Letícia P Bonjorno / Maria IF Lopes / Maira N Benatti / Sabrina S Batah / Rodrigo C Santana / Fernando C Vilar / Maria A Martins / Rodrigo L Assad / Sergio CL de Almeida / Fabiola R de Oliveira / Eurico Arruda Neto / Thiago M Cunha / José C Alves-Filho / Vania LD Bonato / Fernando Q Cunha / Alexandre T Fabro / Helder I Nakaya / Dario S Zamboni / Paulo Louzada-Junior / Rene DR Oliveira / Larissa D Cunha

eLife, Vol

2022 Volume 11

Abstract	COVID-19 is a disease of dysfunctional immune responses, but the mechanisms triggering immunopathogenesis are not established. The functional plasticity of macrophages allows this cell type to promote pathogen elimination and inflammation or suppress inflammation and promote tissue remodeling and injury repair. During an infection, the clearance of dead and dying cells, a process named efferocytosis, can modulate the interplay between these contrasting functions. Here, we show that engulfment of SARS-CoV-2-infected apoptotic cells exacerbates inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits the expression of efferocytic receptors, and impairs continual efferocytosis by macrophages. We also provide evidence supporting that lung monocytes and macrophages from severe COVID-19 patients have compromised efferocytic capacity. Our findings reveal that dysfunctional efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected cell corpses suppresses macrophage anti-inflammation and efficient tissue repair programs and provides mechanistic insights for the excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and accumulation of tissue damage associated with COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; macrophage polarization ; efferocytosis ; hyperinflammation ; tissue repair ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected dying cells impairs macrophage anti-inflammatory programming and continual clearance of apoptotic cells

dos-Santos, Douglas / Salina, Ana C. G. / Rodrigues, Tamara S. / Rocha, Marlon F. / Freitas-Filho, Edismauro G. / Alzamora-Terrel, Daniel L. / de Lima, Mikhael H. F. / Nascimento, Daniele B. C. / Castro, Icaro / Silva, Camila M. / Toller-Kawahisa, Juliana E. / Becerra, Amanda / Oliveira, Samuel / Caetite, Diego B. / Almeida, Leticia / Ishimoto, Adriene Y. / Lima, Thais M. / Martins, Ronaldo B. / Veras, Flavio /

medRxiv

Abstract	COVID-19 is a disease of dysfunctional immune responses, but the mechanisms triggering immunopathogenesis are not established. The functional plasticity of macrophages allows this cell type to promote pathogen elimination and inflammation or suppress inflammation and promote tissue remodeling and injury repair. During an infection, the clearance of dead and dying cells, a process named efferocytosis, can modulate the interplay between these contrasting functions. Here, we show that engulfment of SARS-CoV2-infected apoptotic cells (AC) exacerbates inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits the expression of efferocytic receptors, and impairs continual efferocytosis by macrophages. We also provide evidence that monocytes from severe COVID-19 patients express reduced levels of efferocytic receptors and fail to uptake AC. Our findings reveal that dysfunctional efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected cell corpses suppress macrophage anti-inflammation and efficient tissue repair programs and provide mechanistic insights for the pathogenesis of the hyperinflammation and extensive tissue damage associated with COVID-19.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-23
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2021.02.18.21251504
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The global EPTO database: Worldwide occurrences of aquatic insects

Grigoropoulou, Afroditi / Suhaila Ab. Hamid / Acosta, Raúl / Akindele, Emmanuel Olusegun / Al‐Shami, Salman A. / Altermatt, Florian / Amatulli, Giuseppe / Angeler, David G. / Arimoro, Francis O. / Aroviita, Jukka / Astorga‐Roine, Anna / Bastos, Rafael Costa / Bonada, Núria / Boukas, Nikos / Brand, Cecilia / Bremerich, Vanessa / Bush, Alex / Cai, Qinghua / Callisto, Marcos /

Chen, Kai / Cruz, Paulo Vilela / Dangles, Olivier / Death, Russell / Deng, Xiling / Domínguez, Eduardo / Dudgeon, David / Eriksen, Tor Erik / Faria, Ana Paula J. / Feio, Maria João / Fernández‐Aláez, Camino / Floury, Mathieu / García‐Criado, Francisco / García‐Girón, Jorge / Graf, Wolfram / Grönroos, Mira / Haase, Peter / Hamada, Neusa / He, Fengzhi / Heino, Jani / Holzenthal, Ralph / Huttunen, Kaisa‐Leena / Jacobsen, Dean / Jähnig, Sonja C. / Jetz, Walter / Johnson, Richard K. / Juen, Leandro / Kalkman, Vincent J. / Kati, Vassiliki / Keke, Unique N. / Koroiva, Ricardo / Kuemmerlen, Mathias / Langhans, Simone Daniela / Ligeiro, Raphael / Van Looy, Kris / Maasri, Alain / Marchant, Richard / Garcia Marquez, Jaime Ricardo / Martins, Renato T. / Melo, Adriano S. / Metzeling, Leon / Miserendino, Maria Laura / Moe, S. Jannicke / Molineri, Carlos / Muotka, Timo / Mustonen, Kaisa‐Riikka / Mykrä, Heikki / Cavalcante do Nascimento, Jeane Marcelle / Valente‐Neto, Francisco / Neu, Peter J. / Nieto, Carolina / Pauls, Steffen U. / Paulson, Dennis / Rios‐Touma, Blanca / Rodrigues, Marciel Elio / de Oliveira Roque, Fabio / Salazar Salina, Juan Carlos / Schmera, Denes / Schmidt‐Kloiber, Astrid / Shah, Deep Narayan / Simaika, John P. / Siqueira, Tadeu / Tachamo‐Shah, Ram Devi / Theischinger, G. / Thompson, Ross / Tonkin, Jonathan D. / Torres‐Cambas, Yusdiel / Townsend, Colin / Turak, Eren / Twardochleb, Laura / Wang, Beixin / Yanygina, Liubov / Zamora‐Muñoz, Carmen / Domisch, Sami

Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2023 May, v. 32, no. 5 p.642-655

2023

Abstract: MOTIVATION: Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a ... ...

Abstract	MOTIVATION: Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a comprehensive, global database of aquatic insect occurrences for mapping freshwater biodiversity in macroecological studies and applied freshwater research is missing. We aim to fill this gap and present the Global EPTO Database, which includes worldwide geo‐referenced aquatic insect occurrence records for four major taxa groups: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata (EPTO). MAIN TYPE OF VARIABLES CONTAINED: A total of 8,368,467 occurrence records globally, of which 8,319,689 (99%) are publicly available. The records are attributed to the corresponding drainage basin and sub‐catchment based on the Hydrography90m dataset and are accompanied by the elevation value, the freshwater ecoregion and the protection status of their location. SPATIAL LOCATION AND GRAIN: The database covers the global extent, with 86% of the observation records having coordinates with at least four decimal digits (11.1 m precision at the equator) in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinate reference system. TIME PERIOD AND GRAIN: Sampling years span from 1951 to 2021. Ninety‐nine percent of the records have information on the year of the observation, 95% on the year and month, while 94% have a complete date. In the case of seven sub‐datasets, exact dates can be retrieved upon communication with the data contributors. MAJOR TAXA AND LEVEL OF MEASUREMENT: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata, standardized at the genus taxonomic level. We provide species names for 7,727,980 (93%) records without further taxonomic verification. SOFTWARE FORMAT: The entire tab‐separated value (.csv) database can be downloaded and visualized at https://glowabio.org/project/epto_database/. Fifty individual datasets are also available at https://fred.igb‐berlin.de, while six datasets have restricted access. For the latter, we share metadata and the contact details of the authors.
Keywords	Ephemeroptera ; Odonata ; Plecoptera ; Trichoptera ; aquatic insects ; biodiversity ; biogeography ; computer software ; data collection ; databases ; ecoregions ; environmental health ; freshwater ; freshwater ecosystems ; geodesy ; georeferencing ; metadata ; subwatersheds ; water quality
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-05
Size	p. 642-655.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2021283-5
ISSN	1466-8238 ; 1466-822X ; 0960-7447
ISSN (online)	1466-8238
ISSN	1466-822X ; 0960-7447
DOI	10.1111/geb.13648
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Rv2466c mediates the activation of TP053 to kill replicating and non-replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Albesa-Jové, David / Chiarelli, Laurent R / Makarov, Vadim / Pasca, Maria Rosalia / Urresti, Saioa / Mori, Giorgia / Salina, Elena / Vocat, Anthony / Comino, Natalia / Mohorko, Elisabeth / Ryabova, Svetlana / Pfieiffer, Bernhard / Lopes Ribeiro, Ana Luisa de Jesus / Rodrigo-Unzueta, Ane / Tersa, Montse / Zanoni, Giuseppe / Buroni, Silvia / Altmann, Karl-Heinz / Hartkoorn, Ruben C /

Glockshuber, Rudi / Cole, Stewart T / Riccardi, Giovanna / Guerin, Marcelo E

ACS chemical biology

2014 Volume 9, Issue 7, Page(s) 1567–1575

Abstract: The emergence of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis highlights the need to discover new antitubercular agents. Here we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new series of thienopyrimidine (TP) ... ...

Abstract	The emergence of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis highlights the need to discover new antitubercular agents. Here we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new series of thienopyrimidine (TP) compounds that kill both replicating and non-replicating M. tuberculosis. The strategy to determine the mechanism of action of these TP derivatives was to generate resistant mutants to the most effective compound TP053 and to isolate the genetic mutation responsible for this phenotype. The only non-synonymous mutation found was a g83c transition in the Rv2466c gene, resulting in the replacement of tryptophan 28 by a serine. The Rv2466c overexpression increased the sensitivity of M. tuberculosis wild-type and resistant mutant strains to TP053, indicating that TP053 is a prodrug activated by Rv2466c. Biochemical studies performed with purified Rv2466c demonstrated that only the reduced form of Rv2466c can activate TP053. The 1.7 Å resolution crystal structure of the reduced form of Rv2466c, a protein whose expression is transcriptionally regulated during the oxidative stress response, revealed a unique homodimer in which a β-strand is swapped between the thioredoxin domains of each subunit. A pronounced groove harboring the unusual active-site motif CPWC might account for the uncommon reactivity profile of the protein. The mutation of Trp28Ser clearly predicts structural defects in the thioredoxin fold, including the destabilization of the dimerization core and the CPWC motif, likely impairing the activity of Rv2466c against TP053. Altogether our experimental data provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-mycobacterial activity of TP-based compounds, paving the way for future drug development programmes.
MeSH term(s)	Antitubercular Agents/chemistry ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Design ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development ; Pyrimidines/chemistry ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents ; Pyrimidines ; thienopyrimidine
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1554-8937
ISSN (online)	1554-8937
DOI	10.1021/cb500149m
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries?

Bousquet, Jean / Anto, Josep M. / Iaccarino, Guido / Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa / Haahtela, Tari / Anto, Aram / Akdis, Cezmi A. / Blain, Hubert / Canonica, G. Walter / Cardona, Victoria / Cruz, Alvaro A. / Illario, Maddalena / Ivancevich, Juan Carlos / Jutel, Marek / Klimek, Ludger / Kuna, Piotr / Laune, Daniel / Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée / Mullol, Joaquim /

Papadopoulos, Nikos G. / Pfaar, Oliver / Samolinski, Boleslaw / Valiulis, Arunas / Yorgancioglu, Arzu / Zuberbier, Torsten / Abdul Latiff, Amir Hamzah / Abdullah, Baharudin / Aberer, Werner / Abusada, Nancy / Adcock, Ian / Afani, Alejandro / Agache, Ioana / Aggelidis, Xenofon / Agustin, Jenifer / Akdis, Cezmi / Akdis, Mübeccel / Al-Ahmad, Mona / Al-Zahab Bassam, Abou / Aldrey-Palacios, Oscar / Alvarez Cuesta, Emilio / Alzaabi, Ashraf / Amad, Salma / Ambrocio, Gene / Annesi-Maesano, Isabella / Ansotegui, Ignacio / Anto, Josep / Arshad, Hasan / Artesani, Maria Cristina / Asayag, Estrella / Avolio, Francesca / Azhari, Khuzama / Baiardini, Ilaria / Bajrović, Nissera / Bakakos, Petros / Bakeyala Mongono, Sergio / Balotro-Torres, Christine / Barba, Sergio / Barbara, Cristina / Barbosa, Elsa / Barreto, Bruno / Bartra, Joan / Bateman, Eric D. / Battur, Lkhagvaa / Bedbrook, Anna / Bedolla Barajas, Martín / Beghé, Bianca / Bel, Elizabeth / Ben Kheder, Ali / Benson, Mikael / Berghea, Camelia / Bergmann, Karl-Christian / Bernstein, David / Bewick, Mike / Bialek, Slawomir / Białoszewski, Artur / Bieber, Thomas / Billo, Nils / Bilo, Maria Beatrice / Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten / Bjermer, Leif / Bochenska Marciniak, Malgorzata / Bond, Christine / Boner, Attilio / Bonini, Matteo / Bonini, Sergio / Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia / Bosse, Isabelle / Botskariova, Sofia / Bouchard, Jacques / Boulet, Louis-Philippe / Bourret, Rodolphe / Bousquet, Philippe / Braido, Fulvio / Briggs, Andrew / Brightling, Christopher / Brozek, Jan / Buhl, Roland / Bumbacea, Roxana / Burguete Cabañas, María Teresa / Bush, Andrew / Busse, William W. / Buters, Jeroen / Caballero-Fonseca, Fernan / Calderon, Moïses A. / Calvo, Mario / Camargos, Paulo / Camuzat, Thierry / Cano, Antonio / Capriles-Hulett, Arnaldo / Caraballo, Luis / Cardona, Vicky / Carlsen, Kai-Hakon / Caro, Jorge / Carr, Warner / Carreon-Asuncion, Fredelita / Carriazo, Ana Maria / Casale, Thomas / Castor, Mary Ann / Castro, Elizabeth / Cecchi, Lorenzo / Cepeda Sarabia, Alfonso / Chandrasekharan, Ramanathan / Chang, Yoon-Suk / Chato-Andeza, Victoria / Chatzi, Lida / Chatzidaki, Christina / Chavannes, Niels H. / Chen, Yuzhi / Cheng, Lei / Chivato, Tomas / Chkhartishvili, Ekaterine / Christoff, George / Chrystyn, Henry / Chu, Derek K. / Chua, Antonio / Chuchalin, Alexander / Chung, Kian Fan / Cicerán, Alberto / Cingi, Cemal / Ciprandi, Giorgio / Cirule, Ieva / Coelho, Ana Carla / Constantinidis, Jannis / Correia De Sousa, Jaime / Costa, Elisio / Costa, David / Costa Domínguez, María Del Carmen / Coste, André / Cox, Linda / Cullen, John / Custovic, Adnan / Cvetkovski, Biljana / D039, / Amato, Gennaro / Da Silva, Jane / Dahl, Ronald / Dahlen, Sven-Erik / Daniilidis, Vasilis / Darjazini Nahhas, Louei / Darsow, Ulf / De Blay, Frédéric / De Guia, Eloisa / De Los Santos, Chato / De Manuel Keenoy, Esteban / De Vries, Govert / Deleanu, Diana / Demoly, Pascal / Denburg, Judah / Devillier, Philippe / Didier, Alain / Dimou, Maria / 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Clin. Transl. Allergy

Abstract: ... differences and diet. The low-death rate European countries (e.g. Austria, Baltic States, Czech Republic ...

Abstract	Reported COVID-19 deaths in Germany are relatively low as compared to many European countries. Among the several explanations proposed, an early and large testing of the population was put forward. Most current debates on COVID-19 focus on the differences among countries, but little attention has been given to regional differences and diet. The low-death rate European countries (e.g. Austria, Baltic States, Czech Republic, Finland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia) have used different quarantine and/or confinement times and methods and none have performed as many early tests as Germany. Among other factors that may be significant are the dietary habits. It seems that some foods largely used in these countries may reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme activity or are anti-oxidants. Among the many possible areas of research, it might be important to understand diet and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) levels in populations with different COVID-19 death rates since dietary interventions may be of great benefit.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #378138
Database	COVID19

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