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  1. Article ; Online: The digital child: A cross-sectional survey study on the access to electronic devices in paediatrics.

    Cerimoniale, Giovanni / Dalpiaz, Irene / Becherucci, Paolo / Malorgio, Emanuela / Ceschin, Flavia / Rosati, Giovanni Vitali / Ragni, Giuseppina / Minardo, Grazia / Brambilla, Paolo / Gambotto, Silvia / Bottaro, Gaetano / Tucci, Pier Luigi / Chiappini, Elena

    Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

    2023  Volume 112, Issue 8, Page(s) 1792–1803

    Abstract: Aim: To explore the use of electronic devices in children and possible risk factors for smartphone ownership and cyberbullying.: Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted involving 62 Italian general paediatricians who administered a ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To explore the use of electronic devices in children and possible risk factors for smartphone ownership and cyberbullying.
    Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted involving 62 Italian general paediatricians who administered a close-ended questionnaire about the use of electronic devices to 1732 parents/caregivers.
    Results: Data of 2563 children aged 0-14 years were collected. Investigating the electronic device use by parents/caregivers of children aged 0-1 years, 72.5% of mothers were revealed to have the habit to use a smartphone during breastfeeding and bottle-feeding. The ownership of a smartphone was found in 29.5% of children aged 2-14 years, 68.1% considering only children aged 10-14. A higher parental degree level was identified as a protective factor for smartphone ownership by children (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.36-0.98; p = 0.04 for father; OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.33-0.78; p = 0.002 for mother). A higher risk of cyberbullying was found when caregivers did not use any restrictions on smartphone use (OR 11.92; 95% CI 3.41-41.68; p < 0.001).
    Conclusion: The absence of rules for smartphone use represents a risk factor for cyberbullying. In this context, the general paediatrician might play an important role in helping parents/caregivers and their children adopt safer use of electronic devices.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Smartphone ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Parents ; Pediatrics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-17
    Publishing country Norway
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 203487-6
    ISSN 1651-2227 ; 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    ISSN (online) 1651-2227
    ISSN 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
    DOI 10.1111/apa.16817
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  2. Article ; Online: Efficacy of gummy lozenges containing Erysimum as ancillary treatment in children with sore throat.

    Bottaro, Gaetano / Mazzola, Giuseppe / Gulino, Antonino / Di Forti, Filippo

    Minerva pediatrica

    2019  Volume 71, Issue 6, Page(s) 505–510

    Abstract: Background: Sore throat frequently occurs in children aged between four and fifteen years and is often associated to inflammation of the upper respiratory tract mucosa. A reliable approach to limit the damage caused by inflammation and, therefore, to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sore throat frequently occurs in children aged between four and fifteen years and is often associated to inflammation of the upper respiratory tract mucosa. A reliable approach to limit the damage caused by inflammation and, therefore, to alleviate associated symptoms might be the protection of the mucosa. Aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a medical device, formulated as a gummy lozenge and containing a combination of natural functional components (Erysimum, aloe vera and Xilogel®) able to exert a barrier effect on the mucosa, as ancillary treatment in children with sore throat.
    Methods: This was an observational, prospective, parallel-group, multiple-dose trial of a medical device given in association to standard pharmacological prescribed therapy with an open label comparison vs. standard pharmacological prescribed therapy alone. The outcome measures of the study were assessed at baseline and after three days of treatment.
    Results: One hundred and twelve school children with sore throat symptoms were recruited for this study and 69 were assigned to the group taking the study product. At the end of the treatment a statistically higher reduction in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Score and Pharyngitis Symptom Score was observed in the group taking the medical device. Moreover, the treatment with the medical device is associated to a statistically significant higher improvement of Child's General Conditions. The pediatrician assessed the efficacy and tolerability of the product under study as good/very good in 91% and 94%, respectively, of treated children. The consumer satisfaction questionnaire revealed that most of the children taking the lozenge rated it very positively in regard to its flavor and easiness of administration.
    Conclusions: The medical device used in this study may represent a valid choice as an adjuvant treatment in children with sore throat associated to upper respiratory tract infection.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Aloe/chemistry ; Erysimum/chemistry ; Pain Measurement ; Patient Satisfaction ; Pharyngitis/drug therapy ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tablets ; Taste
    Chemical Substances Polysaccharides ; Tablets
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-13
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 123571-0
    ISSN 1827-1715 ; 0026-4946
    ISSN (online) 1827-1715
    ISSN 0026-4946
    DOI 10.23736/S0026-4946.19.05405-7
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  3. Article ; Online: Copper single-atoms embedded in 2D graphitic carbon nitride for the CO2 reduction

    Claudio Cometto / Aldo Ugolotti / Elisa Grazietti / Alessandro Moretto / Gregorio Bottaro / Lidia Armelao / Cristiana Di Valentin / Laura Calvillo / Gaetano Granozzi

    npj 2D Materials and Applications, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract We report the study of two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) functionalized with copper single atoms as a catalyst for the reduction of CO2 (CO2RR). The correct GCN structure, as well as the adsorption sites and the coordination of the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract We report the study of two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) functionalized with copper single atoms as a catalyst for the reduction of CO2 (CO2RR). The correct GCN structure, as well as the adsorption sites and the coordination of the Cu atoms, was carefully determined by combining experimental techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, with DFT theoretical calculations. The CO2RR products in KHCO3 and phosphate buffer solutions were determined by rotating ring disk electrode measurements and confirmed by 1H-NMR and gas chromatography. Formate was the only liquid product obtained in bicarbonate solution, whereas only hydrogen was obtained in phosphate solution. Finally, we demonstrated that GCN is a promising substrate able to stabilize metal atoms, since the characterization of the Cu-GCN system after the electrochemical work did not show the aggregation of the copper atoms.
    Keywords Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ; TA401-492 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 540
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
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  4. Article ; Online: Do the opinions of pediatricians influence their recommendations on complementary feeding? Preliminary results.

    Brambilla, Paolo / Giussani, Marco / Picca, Marina / Bottaro, Gaetano / Buzzetti, Roberto / Milani, Gregorio P / Agostoni, Carlo / Becherucci, Paolo

    European journal of pediatrics

    2019  Volume 179, Issue 4, Page(s) 627–634

    Abstract: Complementary feeding practices are debated among pediatricians, primarily regarding whether nutritional needs or developmental readiness should be prioritized in recommendations for starting complementary feeding. The aim of the present study was to ... ...

    Abstract Complementary feeding practices are debated among pediatricians, primarily regarding whether nutritional needs or developmental readiness should be prioritized in recommendations for starting complementary feeding. The aim of the present study was to analyze the timing of the start of complementary feeding and the related motivations with an 8-item online survey administered to active members of the Italian Society of Primary Care Pediatricians. The participation rate was 43.3% (350 of 808), and 213 (60.9%) and 137 (39.1%) of the participants chose items related to developmental readiness and nutritional needs, respectively, as the criteria for starting complementary feeding. Approximately 74% of the participants reported that they recommended starting complementary feeding between 5 and 6 months of age, 17% recommended starting before 5 months, and 8% recommended starting after 6 months. Predefined schemes were proposed by 38% of the participants, and a responsive feeding modality was proposed by 13%, while the majority (49%) recommended both modalities depending on family characteristics. Regarding recommendations based on nutritional needs, 89% of pediatricians reported providing indications concerning the quantity of meat consumed during the first year of life, and 91% reported recommending introducing added salt only after 12 months of age. Compared with pediatricians who emphasized developmental readiness, those who prioritized nutritional needs suggested earlier complementary feeding start and a higher use of predefined schemes and were more likely to make recommendations regarding meat quantity and added salt (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Pediatricians who used a developmental readiness criterion for starting complementary feeding may less frequently provide nutritional advice to parents, even if a trend to harmonize the different positions regarding complementary feeding start time is emerging.What is Known:• Pediatricians make suggestions for introducing complementary feeding based on scientific evidence, local traditions, and personal beliefs.• Either infants' nutritional needs or their developmental readiness currently is used as determinant for the timing of complementary feeding.What is New:• More than 60% of Italian pediatricians consider developmental readiness a priority for introducing complementary feeding.• Pediatricians following the criterion of developmental readiness may less frequently give detailed nutritional advice.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Italy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pediatrics/methods ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 194196-3
    ISSN 1432-1076 ; 0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
    ISSN (online) 1432-1076
    ISSN 0340-6199 ; 0943-9676
    DOI 10.1007/s00431-019-03548-9
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  5. Article ; Online: One-year mortality after implantable defibrillator implantation: do risk stratification models help improving clinical practice?

    Calvi, Valeria / Zanotto, Gabriele / D'Onofrio, Antonio / Bisceglia, Caterina / Iacopino, Saverio / Pignalberi, Carlo / Pisanò, Ennio C / Solimene, Francesco / Giammaria, Massimo / Biffi, Mauro / Maglia, Giampiero / Marini, Massimiliano / Senatore, Gaetano / Pedretti, Stefano / Forleo, Giovanni B / Santobuono, Vincenzo E / Curnis, Antonio / Russo, Antonio Dello / Rapacciuolo, Antonio /
    Quartieri, Fabio / Bertocchi, Patrizia / Caravati, Fabrizio / Manzo, Michele / Saporito, Davide / Orsida, Daniela / Santamaria, Matteo / Bottaro, Giuseppe / Giacopelli, Daniele / Gargaro, Alessio / Bella, Paolo Della

    Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing

    2021  Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 607–619

    Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the available mortality risk stratification models for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) patients.: Methods: We conducted a review ...

    Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the available mortality risk stratification models for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) patients.
    Methods: We conducted a review of mortality risk stratification models and tested their ability to improve prediction of 1-year survival after implant in a database of patients who received a remotely controlled ICD/CRT-D device during routine care and included in the independent Home Monitoring Expert Alliance registry.
    Results: We identified ten predicting models published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2021 (Parkash, PACE, MADIT, aCCI, CHA2DS2-VASc quartiles, CIDS, FADES, Sjoblom, AAACC, and MADIT-ICD non-arrhythmic mortality score) that could be tested in our database as based on common demographic, clinical, echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, and laboratory variables. Our cohort included 1,911 patients with left ventricular dysfunction (median age 71, 18.3% female) from sites not using any risk stratification score for systematic patient screening. Patients received an ICD (53.8%) or CRT-D (46.2%) between 2011 and 2017, after standard physician evaluation. There were 56 deaths within 1-year post-implant, with an all-cause mortality rate of 2.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-3.8%). Four predicting models (Parkash, MADIT, AAACC, and MADIT-ICD non-arrhythmic mortality score) were significantly associated with increased risk of 1-year mortality with hazard ratios ranging from 3.75 (CI, 1.31-10.7) to 6.53 (CI 1.52-28.0, p ≤ 0.014 for all four). Positive predictive values of 1-year mortality were below 25% for all models.
    Conclusion: In our analysis, the models we tested conferred modest incremental predicting power to ordinary screening methods.
    MeSH term(s) Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods ; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices/adverse effects ; Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects ; Female ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1329179-8
    ISSN 1572-8595 ; 1383-875X
    ISSN (online) 1572-8595
    ISSN 1383-875X
    DOI 10.1007/s10840-021-01083-y
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  6. Article ; Online: Passive transfer of affinity-purified anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA) from sera of patients with myocarditis induces experimental myocarditis in mice.

    Caforio, Alida L P / Angelini, Annalisa / Blank, Miri / Shani, Alice / Kivity, Shaye / Goddard, Gisele / Doria, Andrea / Schiavo, Alessandro / Testolina, Martina / Bottaro, Stefania / Marcolongo, Renzo / Thiene, Gaetano / Iliceto, Sabino / Shoenfeld, Yehuda

    International journal of cardiology

    2015  Volume 179, Page(s) 166–177

    Abstract: Background: Human autoimmune myocarditis is characterized by an increased frequency of serum organ and disease-specific anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA) in affected patients. To assess whether AHA are directly pathogenic, we used the passive transfer ... ...

    Abstract Background: Human autoimmune myocarditis is characterized by an increased frequency of serum organ and disease-specific anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA) in affected patients. To assess whether AHA are directly pathogenic, we used the passive transfer technique of AHA from patients to normal Balb/c mice to induce an experimental myocarditis.
    Methods: In keeping with a classical passive transfer experiment, sera from 5 AHA positive myocarditis patients (3 male, mean age 30 ± 11 years, 3 with giant cell and 2 with lymphocytic myocarditis) were affinity purified and injected into 25 Balb/c mice. As controls, affinity purified sera from 5 healthy donors were passively transferred to 25 Balb/c mice. Further 15 control mice were injected with phosphate-buffered saline and 9 mice did not receive any injection. In all patients cardiac-specific AHA of IgG class had been previously detected by an indirect immunofluorescence (IFL) technique on cryostat sections of O blood group human heart. The animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks and the hearts were blindly examined for histological evidence of myocarditis by an expert cardiac pathologist.
    Results: Myocarditis was present in 13/25 (52%) of the mice which received affinity-purified IgG from patients. The findings of severe, moderate or mild myocarditis were more common in the mice which received affinity-purified IgG from patients (20%; 20% and 12%) than in control animals (2%, p=0.01; 0%, p=0.003; and 0%, p=0.04 respectively).
    Conclusions: These findings provide a new evidence for AHA-mediated pathogenicity in human myocarditis, according to Rose-Witebsky criteria.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive/methods ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Middle Aged ; Myocarditis/blood ; Myocarditis/immunology ; Myocarditis/pathology ; Myocardium/immunology ; Myocardium/pathology ; Prospective Studies ; Species Specificity ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 779519-1
    ISSN 1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
    ISSN (online) 1874-1754
    ISSN 0167-5273
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.165
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  7. Article ; Online: Clinical implications of anti-heart autoantibodies in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy.

    Caforio, Alida L P / Tona, Francesco / Bottaro, Stefania / Vinci, Annalisa / Dequal, Greta / Daliento, Luciano / Thiene, Gaetano / Iliceto, Sabino

    Autoimmunity

    2008  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 35–45

    Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a leading cause of heart failure and heart transplantation in younger adults, is characterized by dilatation and impaired contraction of the left or both ventricles; it may be idiopathic, familial/genetic (20-30%), viral, ... ...

    Abstract Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a leading cause of heart failure and heart transplantation in younger adults, is characterized by dilatation and impaired contraction of the left or both ventricles; it may be idiopathic, familial/genetic (20-30%), viral, and/or immune. On endomyocardial biopsy there is chronic inflammation in 30-40% of cases. Mutations in genes encoding myocyte structural proteins, cardiotoxic noxae and infectious agents are known causes; due to high aetiologic and genetic heterogeneity, the gene defects identified so far account for a tiny proportion of the familial cases. In at least two thirds of patients, DCM remains idiopathic. Myocarditis may be idiopathic, infectious or autoimmune and may heal or lead to DCM. Circulating heart-reactive autoantibodies are found in myocarditis/DCM patients and symptom-free relatives at higher frequency than in normal or noninflammatory heart disease control groups. These autoantibodies are directed against multiple antigens, some of which are expressed only in the heart (organ-specific); some autoantibodies have functional effects on cardiac myocytes in vitro as well as in animal models. Depletion of nonantigen-specific antibodies by extracorporeal immunoadsorption is associated with improved ventricular function and reduced cardiac symptoms in some DCM patients, suggesting that autoantibodies may also have a functional role in humans. Immunosuppression seems beneficial in patients who are virus-negative and cardiac autoantibody positive. Prospective family studies have shown that cardiac-specific autoantibodies are present in at least 60% of both familial and non familial pedigrees and predict DCM development among asymptomatic relatives, years before clinical and echocardiographic evidence of disease. Animal models have shown that autoimmune myocarditis/DCM can be induced by virus as well as reproduced by immunization with a well-characterized autoantigen, cardiac myosin. Thus, in a substantial proportion of patients, myocarditis and DCM represent different stages of an organ-specific autoimmune disease, that represents the final common pathogenetic pathway of infectious and noninfectious myocardial injuries in genetically predisposed individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Antibody Specificity ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Autoantigens/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/physiopathology ; Cardiac Myosins/immunology ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/immunology ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology ; Humans ; Myocarditis/immunology ; Myocarditis/physiopathology ; Myocardium/immunology
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies ; Autoantigens ; Cardiac Myosins (EC 3.6.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1025450-x
    ISSN 1607-842X ; 0891-6934
    ISSN (online) 1607-842X
    ISSN 0891-6934
    DOI 10.1080/08916930701619235
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  8. Article: A prospective study of biopsy-proven myocarditis: prognostic relevance of clinical and aetiopathogenetic features at diagnosis.

    Caforio, Alida L P / Calabrese, Fiorella / Angelini, Annalisa / Tona, Francesco / Vinci, Annalisa / Bottaro, Stefania / Ramondo, Angelo / Carturan, Elisa / Iliceto, Sabino / Thiene, Gaetano / Daliento, Luciano

    European heart journal

    2007  Volume 28, Issue 11, Page(s) 1326–1333

    Abstract: Aims: Myocarditis may be idiopathic, viral, and/or immune; frequency of these forms and prognosis are ill-defined. We aimed at identifying aetiopathogenetic and prognostic markers in myocarditis, including viral genome on endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) by ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Myocarditis may be idiopathic, viral, and/or immune; frequency of these forms and prognosis are ill-defined. We aimed at identifying aetiopathogenetic and prognostic markers in myocarditis, including viral genome on endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serum anti-heart autoantibodies (AHA).
    Methods and results: We studied 174 patients, 110 males, aged 36 +/- 18 years, median follow-up 23.5 months, range 10-54; 85 patients had active myocarditis and 89 borderline myocarditis (no diffuse or severe inflammation) (Dallas criteria). Serum AHA were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. PCR was used to detect virus. Six-year actuarial survival was 73%. AHA were found in 56% of patients and positive PCR in 26%. Univariate predictors of death/transplantation were young age, longer symptom duration, giant cell myocarditis, NYHA II-IV, positive PCR, presentation with LV dysfunction, clinical signs/symptoms of heart failure, and echocardiographic and haemodynamic indexes of cardiac dysfunction. By Cox univariate analysis, highest risk was conferred by clinical signs/symptoms of left (HR = 4.3, CI 1.7-10.8, P = 0.002) and right heart failure (HR 3.4, CI 1.5-7.3, P = 0.002).
    Conclusion: In myocarditis, biventricular dysfunction at diagnosis was the main predictor of death/transplantation. AHA identified immune-mediated myocarditis in the majority of cases. Viral genome was a univariate predictor of adverse prognosis. Our approach of using AHA and positive PCR as aetiopathogenetic markers should help patient selection and recruitment in future studies on aetiological therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Autoantibodies/analysis ; Biopsy/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Myocarditis/etiology ; Myocarditis/immunology ; Myocarditis/pathology ; Myocardium/pathology ; Necrosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Autoantibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603098-1
    ISSN 1522-9645 ; 0195-668X
    ISSN (online) 1522-9645
    ISSN 0195-668X
    DOI 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm076
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  9. Article: Exploring the variability in antibiotic prescribing profiles among paediatricians from two different areas of Italy.

    Cucinotta, Giovanni / Mazzaglia, Giampiero / Toscano, Maria A / Arcoraci, Vincenzo / Tempera, Gianna / Salmeri, Mario / Rosignoli, Mario / Bottaro, Gaetano / Boccazzi, Antonio / Nicoletti, Giuseppe / Caputi, Achille P

    Pharmacological research

    2002  Volume 45, Issue 5, Page(s) 369–374

    Abstract: We carried out a multicentre community-based study in order to describe the antibiotic therapeutic approach of paediatricians from two different areas of Italy in the treatment of respiratory tract infection (RTIs), and to assess which factors are ... ...

    Abstract We carried out a multicentre community-based study in order to describe the antibiotic therapeutic approach of paediatricians from two different areas of Italy in the treatment of respiratory tract infection (RTIs), and to assess which factors are involved in a possible variability of prescribing habits. Forty paediatricians participated in the study between October 1998 and April 1999. They had to complete a questionnaire for each therapeutic intervention resulting in an antibiotic prescription. A logistic regression model was used to identify possible predictors in choosing parenteral antibiotics for the treatment of RTIs. In 2 975 questionnaires of antibiotic treatment, RTIs represented 90.2% of the total antibiotics used. Upper respiratory tract infections were the most commonly treated diagnostic group (59.6%), followed by lower respiratory tract infections (20.4%), and middle ear infections (19.8%). Statistically significant differences between northern and southern Italy were reported in the antibiotic prescription profile and the duration of the therapy. Another marked difference was reported in the frequency of laboratory analysis requests. The logistic regression model indicated that the use of parenteral antibiotics appears significantly related to the type of infections [lower RTIs: (OR: 3.99; 95% CI: 2.49-6.37)], the geographic location [northern Italy: (OR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.20-0.39)], and the presence of concurrent diseases (OR: 3.21; 95% CI: 1.46-7.02). The lack of adherence to clinical guidelines and the marked variability of antibiotic prescription rates between different areas of the country appear to be related to factors other than bacterial resistance, and highlight the importance of carrying out educational programmes targeted at the national level for improving the antibiotic prescription habits for the treatment of RTIs.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Culture ; Data Collection ; Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data ; Drug Utilization ; Humans ; Italy ; Pediatrics/trends ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1003347-6
    ISSN 1096-1186 ; 1043-6618 ; 0031-6989
    ISSN (online) 1096-1186
    ISSN 1043-6618 ; 0031-6989
    DOI 10.1006/phrs.2001.0919
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  10. Article ; Online: Lymphocyte Changes in Favism: in vitro Evidence of a Modifying Effect of Bilirubin and Hemoglobin on T-Lymphocyte Receptors

    Schilirò, Gino / Sciotto, Antonella / Russo, Antonio / Bottaro, Gaetano / Minniti, Caterina / Musumeci, Salvatore / Russo, Giuseppe

    Acta Haematologica

    1983  Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 230–235

    Abstract: Lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 13 Sicilian glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient children during and after the hemolytic crisis due to fava bean ingestion. A statistically significant reduction of sheep-red-cell (SRC)-rosetting ... ...

    Abstract Lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in 13 Sicilian glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient children during and after the hemolytic crisis due to fava bean ingestion. A statistically significant reduction of sheep-red-cell (SRC)-rosetting lymphocytes occurred in all patients during the hemolytic crisis, whereas B lymphocytes were not affected. In order to establish the possible relationship between serum changes occurring during hemolysis and reduction of SRC-rosetting lymphocytes, the effect in vitro of varying concentrations of bilirubin and hemoglobin on the rosette formation capacity of lymphocytes was studied. Both substances produced a statistically significant reduction of SRC-rosetting lymphocytes both in normal and deficient subjects. This effect showed a direct relationship with the concentrations of bilirubin and hemoglobin used and was more pronounced on lymphocytes from G6PD-deficient children. These data suggested that the reduction of SRC-rosetting lymphocytes observed during acute hemolysis of favism can be related to a modifying effect of bilirubin and hemoglobin.
    Keywords Favism ; G6PD deficiency ; SRC-rosetting lymphocytes
    Language English
    Publisher S. Karger AG
    Publishing place Basel
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 80008-9
    ISSN 1421-9662 ; 0001-5792 ; 0001-5792
    ISSN (online) 1421-9662
    ISSN 0001-5792
    DOI 10.1159/000206897
    Database Karger publisher's database

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