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  1. Article ; Online: Genomes: Miniaturization Taken to Extremes.

    Giribet, Gonzalo

    Current biology : CB

    2020  Volume 30, Issue 7, Page(s) R314–R316

    Abstract: The genome of a second species of orthonectid, a small group of parasitic annelids that live in other invertebrates, is the smallest animal genome ever reported and the second smallest in number of genes. This drastic genome reduction has been achieved ... ...

    Abstract The genome of a second species of orthonectid, a small group of parasitic annelids that live in other invertebrates, is the smallest animal genome ever reported and the second smallest in number of genes. This drastic genome reduction has been achieved through massive gene loss and extreme compaction.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Invertebrates ; Miniaturization ; Nervous System ; Parasites ; Phylogeny
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.044
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Phylogenomics resolves the evolutionary chronicle of our squirting closest relatives.

    Giribet, Gonzalo

    BMC biology

    2018  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 49

    Abstract: A recent paper in BMC Biology has resolved the family relationships of sea squirts, one of our closest invertebrate relatives, by using a large phylogenomic data set derived from available genomes and newly generated transcriptomes. The work confirms ... ...

    Abstract A recent paper in BMC Biology has resolved the family relationships of sea squirts, one of our closest invertebrate relatives, by using a large phylogenomic data set derived from available genomes and newly generated transcriptomes. The work confirms previous ideas that ascidians (the sea squirts) are not monophyletic, as they include some pelagic jelly-like relatives, and proposes a chronogram for a group that has been difficult to resolve due to their accelerated genome evolution.See research article: https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-018-0499-2.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Genome ; Phylogeny ; Urochordata
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ISSN 1741-7007
    ISSN (online) 1741-7007
    DOI 10.1186/s12915-018-0517-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: An unexpected diversity of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber.

    Bartel, Christian / Dunlop, Jason A / Giribet, Gonzalo

    Zootaxa

    2023  Volume 5296, Issue 3, Page(s) 421–445

    Abstract: Ten new Cyphophthalmi specimens (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the Upper Cretaceous (Lower Cenomanian) Burmese amber of northern Myanmar are described. Seven of these are placed in Stylocellidae, the predominant extant family found today in Southeast Asia. ... ...

    Abstract Ten new Cyphophthalmi specimens (Arachnida: Opiliones) from the Upper Cretaceous (Lower Cenomanian) Burmese amber of northern Myanmar are described. Seven of these are placed in Stylocellidae, the predominant extant family found today in Southeast Asia. Sirocellus iunctus gen. et sp. nov. represents the first fossil with a combination of sironid and stylocellid characters, suggesting a still ongoing transition in some lineages during the Upper Cretaceous. Mesopsalis oblongus gen. et sp. nov. represents a second fossil with elongated ozophores, a character not known from modern species. Leptopsalis breyeri sp. nov. is the first Cretaceous cyphophthalmid assignable to an extant genus. The species Foveacorpus cretaceus gen. et sp. nov. and F. parvus gen. et sp. nov., which cannot be placed in an extant family, show morphological novelties for Cyphophthalmi such as numerous pits covering the whole body. The possible function of these pits is discussed. Three more adult males with unique adenostyles and two juveniles are not formally named but further indicate an already highly diverse cyphophthalmid fauna during the Cretaceous. The total number of named Burmese amber Cyphophthalmi species is raised from one to six, and the total fossil record for this suborder now stands at eight.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Male ; Amber ; Arachnida/classification ; Fossils
    Chemical Substances Amber
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-29
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1175-5334
    ISSN (online) 1175-5334
    DOI 10.11646/zootaxa.5296.3.6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Phylogenomics resolves the evolutionary chronicle of our squirting closest relatives

    Gonzalo Giribet

    BMC Biology, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 3

    Abstract: Abstract A recent paper in BMC Biology has resolved the family relationships of sea squirts, one of our closest invertebrate relatives, by using a large phylogenomic data set derived from available genomes and newly generated transcriptomes. The work ... ...

    Abstract Abstract A recent paper in BMC Biology has resolved the family relationships of sea squirts, one of our closest invertebrate relatives, by using a large phylogenomic data set derived from available genomes and newly generated transcriptomes. The work confirms previous ideas that ascidians (the sea squirts) are not monophyletic, as they include some pelagic jelly-like relatives, and proposes a chronogram for a group that has been difficult to resolve due to their accelerated genome evolution. See research article: https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-018-0499-2
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: A Review of Arthropod Phylogeny: New Data Based on Ribosomal DNA Sequences and Direct Character Optimization.

    Giribet, Gonzalo / Ribera, Carles

    Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 204–231

    Abstract: Ribosomal gene sequence data are used to explore phylogenetic relationships among higher arthropod groups. Sequences of 139 taxa (23 outgroup and 116 ingroup taxa) representing all extant arthropod "classes" except Remipedia and Cephalocarida are ... ...

    Abstract Ribosomal gene sequence data are used to explore phylogenetic relationships among higher arthropod groups. Sequences of 139 taxa (23 outgroup and 116 ingroup taxa) representing all extant arthropod "classes" except Remipedia and Cephalocarida are analyzed using direct character optimization exploring six parameter sets. Parameter choice appears to be crucial to phylogenetic inference. The high level of sequence heterogeneity in the 18S rRNA gene (sequence length from 1350 to 2700 bp) makes placement of certain taxa with "unusual" sequences difficult and underscores the necessity of combining ribosomal gene data with other sources of information. Monophyly of Pycnogonida, Chelicerata, Chilopoda, Chilognatha, Malacostraca, Branchiopoda (excluding Daphnia), and Ectognatha are among the higher groups that are supported in most of the analyses. The positions of the Pauropoda, Symphyla, Protura, Collembola, Diplura, Onychophora, Tardigrada, and Daphnia are unstable throughout the parameter space examined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1462608-1
    ISSN 1096-0031 ; 0748-3007
    ISSN (online) 1096-0031
    ISSN 0748-3007
    DOI 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2000.tb00353.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A new model Gondwanan taxon: systematics and biogeography of the harvestman family Pettalidae (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi), with a taxonomic revision of genera from Australia and New Zealand.

    Boyer, Sarah L / Giribet, Gonzalo

    Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society

    2021  Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 337–361

    Abstract: The phylogeny of the temperate Gondwanan harvestman family Pettalidae is investigated by means of a new morphological matrix of 45 characters, and DNA sequence data from five markers, including two nuclear ribosomal genes (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA), one ... ...

    Abstract The phylogeny of the temperate Gondwanan harvestman family Pettalidae is investigated by means of a new morphological matrix of 45 characters, and DNA sequence data from five markers, including two nuclear ribosomal genes (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA), one nuclear protein coding gene (histone H3), and two mitochondrial genes-one protein coding (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) and one ribosomal (16S rRNA). Phylogenetic analyses using an array of homology schemes (dynamic and static), criteria (parsimony and maximum likelihood), and sampling strategies (optimal trees versus Bayesian phylogenetics) all agree on the monophyly of Pettalidae as well as several of its subclades, each of which is restricted to a modern landmass. While most genera as traditionally defined are monophyletic, Rakaia and Neopurcellia, distributed across Queensland (Australia) and New Zealand, are not. Instead, the species from Queensland, previously described under three genera, constitute a well-supported clade, suggesting that in this case biogeography prevails over traditional taxonomy. A taxonomic emendation of the genera from Queensland and New Zealand is presented, and the new genus Aoraki is erected to include the species of the New Zealand denticulata group. A biogeographical hypothesis of the relationships of the former temperate Gondwana landmasses (with the exception of Madagascar) is presented, although ambiguity in the deep nodes of the pettalid tree renders such inference provisional. The data suggest that neither the South African fauna, the New Zealand fauna nor the Australian fauna is monophyletic but instead monophyly is found at smaller geographic scales (e.g., Western Australia, Queensland, NE South Africa).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1462608-1
    ISSN 1096-0031 ; 0748-3007
    ISSN (online) 1096-0031
    ISSN 0748-3007
    DOI 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00149.x
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  7. Article ; Online: Zoology: Invertebrates that Parasitize Invertebrates.

    Giribet, Gonzalo

    Current biology : CB

    2016  Volume 26, Issue 13, Page(s) R537–9

    Abstract: The genome of an orthonectid, a group of highly modified parasitic invertebrates, is drastically reduced and compact, yet it shows the bilaterian gene toolkit. Phylogenetic analyses place the enigmatic orthonectids within Spiralia, although their exact ... ...

    Abstract The genome of an orthonectid, a group of highly modified parasitic invertebrates, is drastically reduced and compact, yet it shows the bilaterian gene toolkit. Phylogenetic analyses place the enigmatic orthonectids within Spiralia, although their exact placement remains uncertain.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Invertebrates/classification ; Invertebrates/parasitology ; Invertebrates/physiology ; Parasites/classification ; Parasites/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Zoology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2016.05.040
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  8. Article ; Online: Zoology: At Last an Exit for Ctenophores.

    Giribet, Gonzalo

    Current biology : CB

    2016  Volume 26, Issue 20, Page(s) R918–R920

    Abstract: Ctenophores, one of the most basal branches in the tree of life, have been found to have a through-gut, complete with mouth and anus. Basal animals are surprisingly complex and simplification has been rampant in animal evolution. ...

    Abstract Ctenophores, one of the most basal branches in the tree of life, have been found to have a through-gut, complete with mouth and anus. Basal animals are surprisingly complex and simplification has been rampant in animal evolution.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Ctenophora ; Mouth ; Zoology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2016.08.036
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: An Opiliones-specific ultraconserved element probe set with a near-complete family-level phylogeny.

    Derkarabetian, Shahan / Lord, Arianna / Angier, Katherine / Frigyik, Ella / Giribet, Gonzalo

    Molecular phylogenetics and evolution

    2023  Volume 187, Page(s) 107887

    Abstract: Sequence capture of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) has transformed molecular systematics across many taxa, with arachnids being no exception. The probe set available for Arachnida has been repeatedly used across multiple arachnid lineages and taxonomic ... ...

    Abstract Sequence capture of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) has transformed molecular systematics across many taxa, with arachnids being no exception. The probe set available for Arachnida has been repeatedly used across multiple arachnid lineages and taxonomic levels, however more specific probe sets for spiders have demonstrated that more UCEs can be recovered with higher probe specificity. In this study, we develop an Opiliones-specific UCE probe set targeting 1915 UCEs using a combination of probes designed from genomes and transcriptomes, as well as the most useful probes from the Arachnida probe set. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this probe set across Opiliones with the most complete family-level phylogeny made to date, including representatives from 61 of 63 currently described families. We also test UCE recovery from historical specimens with degraded DNA, examine population-level data sets, and assess "backwards compatibility" with samples hybridized with the Arachnida probe set. The resulting phylogenies - which include specimens hybridized using both the Opiliones and Arachnida probe sets, historical specimens, and transcriptomes - are largely congruent with previous multi-locus and phylogenomic analyses. The probe set is also "backwards compatible", increasing the number of loci obtained in samples previously hybridized with the Arachnida probe set, and shows high utility down to shallow population-level divergences. This probe set has the potential to further transform Opiliones molecular systematics, resolving many long-standing taxonomic issues plaguing this lineage.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 33610-5
    ISSN 1095-9513 ; 1055-7903
    ISSN (online) 1095-9513
    ISSN 1055-7903
    DOI 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107887
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Too early for the ferry: The biogeographic history of the Assamiidae of southeast Asia (Chelicerata: Opiliones, Laniatores).

    Palmieri, Luciano / Giribet, Gonzalo / Sharma, Prashant P

    Molecular phylogenetics and evolution

    2022  Volume 178, Page(s) 107647

    Abstract: Opiliones (harvestmen) have come to be regarded as an abundant source of model groups for study of historical biogeography, due to their ancient age, poor dispersal capability, and high fidelity to biogeographic terranes. One of the least understood ... ...

    Abstract Opiliones (harvestmen) have come to be regarded as an abundant source of model groups for study of historical biogeography, due to their ancient age, poor dispersal capability, and high fidelity to biogeographic terranes. One of the least understood harvestman groups is the Paleotropical Assamiidae, one of the more diverse families of Opiliones. Due to a labyrinthine taxonomy, poorly established generic and subfamilial boundaries, and the lack of taxonomic keys for the group, few efforts have been undertaken to decipher relationships within this arachnid lineage. Neither the monophyly of the family, nor its exact placement in the harvestman phylogeny, have been established. Here, we assessed the internal phylogeny of Assamiidae using a ten-locus Sanger dataset, sampling key lineages putatively ascribed to this family for five of the ten markers. Our analyses recovered Assamiidae as a monophyletic group, in a clade with the primarily Afrotropical Pyramidopidae and the southeast Asian Beloniscidae. Internal relationships of assamiids disfavored the systematic validity of subfamilies, with biogeography reflecting much better phylogenetic structure than the existing higher-level taxonomy. To assess whether the Asian assamiids came to occupy Indo-Pacific terranes via rafting on the Indian subcontinent, we performed divergence dating to infer the age of the family. Our results show that Indo-Pacific clades are ancient, originating well before the Cretaceous and therefore predate a vicariant mechanism commonly encountered for Paleotropical taxa.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Phylogeny ; Arachnida/genetics ; Asia, Southeastern
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 33610-5
    ISSN 1095-9513 ; 1055-7903
    ISSN (online) 1095-9513
    ISSN 1055-7903
    DOI 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107647
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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